Cuaderno Álgebra2
Cuaderno Álgebra2
Cuaderno Álgebra2
LICENCIATURA EN INGENIERÍA
____________________________________
CUADERNO DE TRABAJO
ÁLGEBRA
PRIMER SEMESTRE
GRUPO: __________________
Hallar la suma de las siguientes expresiones
algebraicas:
1. 8x-3x:
2. 18bx-5bx:
3. (a+b)-(a-b):
4. (a+b+c+d)-(a-b+c-d):
5. (4a-20)-(3a-40):
6. (a-b)+(b-a)-(a+b)-(b-a):
1
7. (x-y)-(y+z-v)+(v+y-z)+(2y-x):
8. x2-(y2-z2)+b2-(x2+z2)+y2-(x2+y2):
9. (x+2y-6z)-[3y-(6x-6y)+6z]:
10. (a+b-c)-(a-b+c)+(b-a+c)-(c-a-b):
11. 55x-[32a-(8b+3a-6x)-(3x+5ab-4b)]:
12. a2-[a2-(a2-2ab+b2)+2ab-b2]:
2
Obtener el resultado de las siguientes adiciones y
sustracciones fraccionarias combinadas:
1
7 ab 3 ab
1. 2
1 1
2
2. x 1 x 1
2
1
2
3. x +x+1+ x 1
2
x2 y2
4. y x y x =
3
4. (-a)(-a)2(a3) =
5. (x2y2)(x4y4) =
6. (a-b+c )(ac) =
7. (a-c)(-bc) =
8. (a2+b2)ab =
9. (-a2+a-1)(-a3) =
10. (1-2xy+5x2)(-4xy3) =
5
11. (a+x)(a+2x) =
12. (x-1)(x-2) =
13. (a+b-c)(a-b) =
15. (2x-1)(1-3x)(1-x) =
6
cx c cx c
5. x 1 x 1
1. (4a2x)(3ax4)=
2. (-3ay)(7a2y5) =
3. (-a)(-a)3 (a5)(a7)=
4
5
2
3
36
1. 2(-3) (-4)
2. (-a2)2 =
3. (-a3)3 =
4. [( 23)(54)]2 =
5. [( -23)(a4)]3 =
6. (4a2b3c4)2 =
7. (a3)m =
8. (a2b3)m =
7
8. (3+ 2 )(3- 2 )=
9. (1+ a )(1- a )=
10. ( a + b )( a - b )=
x9
1. x 2
a11
2. a 7
a1 p
3. a p
24a 5
4. 12a 4
8a 5b 4c 2 df 3
5. 4a b cdf
4 3 3
a 3bc ab 3c abc 3
1. abc
3a 2b 3ab 2
2. 3ab
x 2 yz xyz 2
3. xyz
x 2 yz 3 x 2 y 2 z 2 x 3 y 2 z 2
4. x 2 yz 2
10
1. a 4b 6 c
2. 225a 6b8
a6
3
3. b9
4.
3
8 3 64
5. ( 32 )( 2 )
6. (2 12 )(3 48 )
7. (2 2 )(3 10 )(5 80 )
a 3 b3
1. a b
x15 1
2. x 5 1
9 x 6 16 y 4
3. 3 x 4 y
3 2
11
a 2 2ab b 2 1
8. a b 1
5. (a+1)a2 =
13
2 3
6. (4a -a ) a4 =
7. (a3-3a2b+3ab2-b3)(-2a2b3) =
8. (3a+b-4c)7a2 =
PRODUCTOS NOTABLES
CUADRADO DE UN BINOMIO
1. (c-d)2 =
2. (x+4)2 =
3. (a+5)2 =
14
a 5 a 2b 3 a 3 b 3
4. a2 1
x4 y4 x2 y2
5. x 2
y 2
x 4 1 2 xy x 2 y 2
6. x 2
1 xy
32a 5 243 y 5
7. 2a 3 y
12
1
4. (1- x )2 =
5. (a+1)2 –(a2+1)=
6. (a+n)2 –(a2+n2)=
7. (a+1)2 –(a-2)2=
9. (7ab-3cd)2 -(7ab+3cd)2=
10. (a+x)2 =
PRODUCTO DE BINOMIOS CONJUGADOS
1. (x3-y3) (x3+y3)=
2. (x+y)(x-y) =
15
PRODUCTO DE DOS BINOMIOS CON UN TÉRMINO
COMÚN:
1. (a-bc) (a-d) =
2. (m-n) (m+b) =
3. (5x+7) (5x+11) =
4. (6p+5q) (6p+3q) =
5. (3m-6n) (3m-2n) =
17
1. (-5z-3)3 =
2. (x2 –y2)3 =
3. (-11x2+1)3 =
4. (a+b)3-(a-b)3 =
5. (x-1)3-(x+1)3 =
6. (a+b)3-2(a+b) (a-b)2 =
7. (x+2)4-(x+2)2 =
18
3. (x+2) (2-x) =
4. (a+7) (7-a) =
5. (a2+ab+b2) (a2-ab+b2)=
6. (x-5+y) (x+5-y)=
7. (x+y2+2) (x+y2-2) =
8. (a+b-5)( a+b+5) =
9. (p+q+3)( p+q-3) =
16
5
8. (a+x) =
FACTORIZACION
MAXIMO COMUN DIVISOR
En las expresiones siguientes, poner el M.C.D.:
1. a2x,ax2 =
2. ab2c,a2bc =
3. 15a2b3c,24ab2x,36b4x2 =
19
6. 460a2x5y4-130a4x5y3 =
7. 2x-5x2 =
8. a4+a3-a2 =
9. 152x2-38x =
10. (5ax3)5-(5ax3)4 =
FACTORIZACION DE POLINOMIOS POR
AGRUPACION DE TERMINOS:
1. 15x3-12x2+35x-28 =
2. 2a3-3a2-4a+6 =
3. 9x3-x2-9x+1 =
21
4. abx+3x-10ab-30 =
5. b3+b2+b+1 =
6. x3-12-4x+3x2 =
7. a3+2a2-a-2 =
8. x3-2x2-x+2 =
9. x3-3x2-x+3 =
10. x3+3x2-4x-12 =
FACTORIZACION DE TERMINOS DE LA FORMA: x2+bx+c
1. a2+a-2 =
2. a2+4a-5 =
3. x2+3x+2 =
22
7. 2x-5x2 =
7. a4+a3-a2 =
9. 152x2-38x =
10. (5ax3)5-(5ax3)4 =
1. a2+a =
2. a-ab =
3. 6a2-12a2b-24a4 =
4. 25a2+36a4-45a5 =
5. a3b2-2a3b =
20
2
4. x -7x+6 =
5. a2-5a+6 =
6. x2-13x+30 =
7. x2+13x+30 =
8. a4-7a2-120 =
9. a4+27a2+180 =
10. a4-3a2-180 =
1. 5x2+16x+3 =
2. 6x2-x-15 =
3. 3x2+14x+8 =
4. 6x2-13x-5 =
5. 3x2+27x+42 =
23
2 2
8. (a-1) -x =
m2 n2
9. 9 25
10. 625-(31-4a2)2 =
1. 16x4+8x2+1 =
2. 25a4b4+30 a2b2 +9 =
3. x4+2x2y2+y4 =
4. a2-2ab+b2 =
5. n2-2np+p2 =
6. 4x2-4xy+y2 =
7. x2-6xy+9y2 =
8. a2+4a+4 =
25
2 2
9. -2ab+a +b =
10. 1+6a+9a2 =
1. c3+ d3 =
2. 27a3+64b3 =
3. 64a3b3+216 c3d3 =
8a 3 27b3
4. 27 64
5. a3+ b3 =
6. 125+x3 =
FACTORIZACION DE UNA DIFERENCIA DE CUBOS:
1. 8c3- d3 =
2. a3b3-125 c3d3 =
3. a3-b3 =
26
2
6. 65a +8a-1 =
7. 4x2-3x-7 =
8. 3x2-7x+2 =
9. 2x2+9x-5 =
10. 5x2-22x+8 =
1. x4-y4 =
2. m8-n8 =
3. a2c2-b2 =
4. 4a2-b2 =
5. x4-25 =
6. (x+y)2-z2 =
7. (x+y)2-a4 =
24
3
4. 1-a =
5. x3-1 =
6. 125-x3 =
7. x3 -8=
FRACCIONES ALGABRAICAS
MINIMO COMUN MULTIPLO
Hállese el m.c.m de las expresiones siguientes:
1. x2-4x-45, x2-6x-27 =
2. m3+1, m3-m2+m =
3. r-s, r2-rs =
4. x3-4x2+3x, x3-x2 =
5. 16m2-9x2, 4m2+3mx =
6. a2+7a+10, a2+2a =
7. a2-6a+8, a2-a-12=
27
(a 2a )(a 8)
2 3
6. (a 7 a 10)(a 2a 4)
2 2
3(a 2 a 12)
7. 2(a 6a 8)
2
171 y 2 ( x 2 y 2 )
8. 9 ( x y )(19 x 2
18 xy y 2
)
a (a 4 2a 3 a 2 1)
9. a 2 (a 2 a 1)
ab
10. a 3 b3
SUMA Y RESTA DE FRACCIONES ALGEBRAICAS:
a2
a
1. c
29
n 2n 1
2 3
1 2n
2. n 2 2n 1
1 1 1
3. ( x 1)( x 2) ( x 2)( x 3) ( x 1)(3 x)
a3 a 1 a
2 2
4. a 3a 2 a 5a 6 a 4a 3
2
x 2 x
2
5. x 5 x 14 x 7 x 9 x 14
2
30
8. 19x2-18xy-y2, y2=
9. a2+a+1, a2=
SIMPLIFICACION DE FRACCIONES:
( x 2 14 x 15)( x 2 6 x 27)
1. ( x 2
4 x 45)( x 2
12 x 45)
(m 2 m)( x 3 m 2 m)
2. (m 1)(m 2m 1)
3 2
(r 2 rs )(r 2 4rs 4 s 2 )
3. (r s )(rs 2 s 2 )
( x 3 x 2 )( x 2 10 x 21)
4. ( x 9)( x 4 x 3 x)
2 3 2
28
4 a 1 a 2 11a 3
2
7. a 3 a 3a 9 a 3 27
x2 y2
8. y x y x
cx c cx c
9. x 1 x 1
31
x 2 4 xy 1 x
2
13. x y x y x xy y 2
3 3
x 2 x
2
14. x 5 x 14 x 7 x 9 x 14
2
x 1 x 1 x2 4x 1
15. 2( x 1) 2( x 1) x2 1
33
SOLUCION DE ECUACIONES ENTERAS DE PRIMER
GRADO:
1. 4x-45 = 5-6x
2. 492-12x=0
3. 14x-5-6x=3x
4. 7z+9=100-z-3
5. 2r+96=15r-8-5r
6. 8y-7-4y=74-5y
7. 12m+22-3m=2m-13
8. 6-4x-10=22+4x
34
a x ax
4 4
ax(a x)
10. a 2ax x 2
2
1 1 1
11. ( x 1)( x 2) ( x 2)( x 3) ( x 1)(3 x)
2 1 1
2 2
12. m 11m 30 m 36 m 25
2
32
9. 5t-3-t+8=2t-7
10. 5c-9+c=2c-73
6 12 144
4
1. x 2 x 3 x
z 2z z
22 z 0
2. 3 7 4
4y y
y 39 y
3. 5 2
35
9x
0 x 872
8. 100
8x 5x
12 0
9. 9 6
3x 3x
18 0
10. 4 5
3x 2 35
5
4. 2 x 3 3
3 x x 11 4
x 0
5. 4 2 3
5x 2 5x 2
6. 6 x 1 6 x 1
x x x
7
7. 2 4 8
36
39
2. 5x-40=2y
5y-26=2x
3. 4x-5y=2
5x+3y=21
4. 6x+2y=-3
5x-3y=-6
5. 2y-11x=67
2x+5y=20
41
6. 12x-5y=10
30x+11y=-69
7. 3x+7y=2
7x+8y=-2
8. 5x-24y=-123
19x-36y=-81
x 3
9. y 4
5x-4y=-3
42
1. x+y=12
x-y=8
40
x y 4
10. 3 2 3
x 1
y 2
1. 7x=21x2
2. 3x2=27
3. 0.001x2-10=0
x2 a4
4. 2 3
43
2
10. 3x -7x+2=0
45
5. x2-a2=0
6. x2+2x-8=0
7. x2+7x=18
8. x2-8x+12=0
9. 4x2-3x=7
44