Aproximaciones y Errores de Redondeo
Aproximaciones y Errores de Redondeo
Aproximaciones y Errores de Redondeo
5 + .0,625 = 5.625
c) 0.01101
0 x20 .0 x 2−1+1 x 2−2+1 x2−3+0 x 2−4+1 x 2−5
0.0 x (1/2)+1 x (1/4)+1x (1/8)+0 x ( 1/16 )+1( 1/32 )
0.0 + 0,25 + 0,125 + 0+ 0,03125 = 0,40625
εt= −14741.315
Estimación 2:
e−5=1−(−5)=6
6.737947 𝑥10−3 −6
εt= 𝑥 100
6.737947 𝑥 10−3
εt=−88947.895
6−1
εa= 𝑥 100
6
εa=83.333
Estimación 3:
e−5=1−(−5)+ (−5 )2/2 =18.5
εt= ((6.737947 x10-3 −18.5)/ (6.737947 x 10-3 ) ) x 100
εt=−274464.3443
εa= ((18.5−6)/(18.5)) x 100
εa= 67.56756
Estimación 4:
e−5=1−(−5)+ (−5 )2/2−(−5)3/3! =39.333
εt= ((6.737947 x10−3−39.333)/(6.737947 x 10−3)) x100
εt=−583653.478
εa= ((39.333−18.5)/(39.333)) x 100
εa=52.9657
Estimación 5:
e−5=1−(−5)+(−5 )2/2−(−5)3/3!+(−5 )4/4 !=65.3744
εt= ((6.737947 x10−3−39.333)/(6.737947 x 10−3 ) x100
εt= −970149.5434
εa= (65.3749−39.333)/(65.3749) x 100
εa=39.8347
Estimación 6:
e−5=65.3744−(−5)5/5! =91.416 5
εt= ((6.737947 x10−3−91.4165)/(6.737947 x 10−3)) x 100
εt=−1356641.156
εa= (91.4165−65.3749) / (91.4165) x 100
εa=28.4867
Estimación 7:
e−5=91.416 5+(−5)6/6! = 113.1178
εt= ((6.737947 x 10−3−113.1178)/ (6.737947 x 10−3)) x 100
εt=−1678717.005
εa= (113.1178−91.4165)/(113.1178) x 100
εa=19.1846
Estimación 8:
e−5=113.1178−(−5 )7/7! =128.618 7
εt= ((6.737947 x10−3−128.618 7)/ (6.737947 x 10−3)) x100
εt=−1908770.758
εa=(128.618 7−113.1178)/(128.6187) x100
εa=12.0518
Estimación 9:
e−5=128.618 7+ (−5)8/8 ! =138.3068
εt= ((6.737947 x 10−3−138.3068)/(6.737947 x 10−3)) x100
εt=−2052554.911
εa=(138.3068−128.618 7)/(138.3068) x100
εa=7.004
Estimación 10:
e−5=138.3068−(−5)9/9 !=143.689
εt=((6.737947 x 10−3−143.689)/(6.737947 x 10−3)) x 100
εt=−2132433.842
εa=(143.689−138.3068)/(143.689) x100
εa=3.7457
Estimación 11:
e−5=143.689+ (−5)10/10! =146.38
εt=((6.737947 x10−3−146.38)/(6.737947 x 10−3)) x100
εt=−2172371.823
εa=(146.38−143.689)/(146.38) x100
εa=1.8383
Estimación 12:
e−5=146.38− (−5)11/11! =147.603
εt=((6.737947 x10−3−147.603)/(6.737947 x 10−3)) x100
εt=−2190522.752
εa=(147.603−146.38)/(147.603)x 100
εa=0.8285
Estimación 13:
e−5=147.603+(−5)12/12! =148.1126
εt=((6.737947 x10−3−148.1126)/(6.737947 x10−3)) x100
εt=−2198085.887
εa=(148.1126−147.603)/(1148.1126) x100
εa=0.3440
Estimación 14:
e−5=148.1126−(−5)13/13! =148.3086
εt=((6.737947 x10−3−148.3086)/(6.737947 x 10−3)) x100
εt=−2200994.785
εa=(148.3086−148.1126)/(1148.1126) x100
εa=0.1321
Estimación 15:
e−5=148.3086+ (−5 )14/14 ! =148.3786
εt=((6.737947 x10−3−148.3786)/(6.737947 x 10−3)) x100
εt=−
εa=(148.3786−148.3086)/(148.3786) x 100
εa=0.0471
Estimación 16:
e−5=148.3786− (−5)15/15 ! =148.4019
εt=((6.737947 x10−3−148.4019)/(6.737947 x 10−3 ) x 100
εt=−2202379.479
εa=((148.4019−148.3786)/(148.4019)) x 100
εa=0.0157
Estimación 17:
e−5=148.4019+(−5)16/16 ! =148.409
εt=((6.737947 x10−3−148.409)/(6.737947 x 10−3 )) x100
εt=−2202.484
εa=((148.409−148.4019)/(148.409)) x 100
εa=4.784 x 10−3
Estimación 18:
e−5=148.409−(−5)17/17! =148.4111
εt=((6.737947 x10−3−148.4111)/(6.737947 x10−3 )) x 100
εt=−2202516.019
εa=((148.4111−148.409)/(148.4111)) x 100
εa=1.4149 x 10−3
Estimación 19:
e−5=148.4111+ (−5)18/18! =148.411
εt= ((6.737947 x 10−3−148.411)/(6.737947 x 10−3)) x 100
εt=−2202514.535
εa=((148.411−148.4111)/(148.411)) x 100
εa=6.738 x10−5
Estimación 20:
e−5=148.411+ (−5 )19/19! = 148.411
εt= ((6.737947 x10−3−148.411)/(6.737947 x10−3)) x 100
εt=−2202514.535
εa=((148.411−148.411)/(148.411)) x 100
εa=0
3. a) Evalúe el polinomio
y = x3 – 7x2 + 8x + 0.35
en x = 1.37. Utilice aritmética de 3 dígitos con corte. Evalúe el error relativo
porcentual.
DATO: x= 1,37 REEMPLAZANDO: Y=0,743
S1= x3 S1= 1.373
S2= S1 – 7 x2 S2= 1.373 7(1.37)2
S3=S2 +8 x S2= 1.373 (4,10)
S4=S3 +0,35 S3= 1.373 (4,10)
+¿ 8(1,37) S3= 1.373
(0,162)
𝑥2 𝑥4 𝑥6 𝑥8
cos 𝑥 = 1 − + − + − ⋯
2 4! 6! 8!
Calcule la aproximación con el empleo del valor de x = 0.3π.
Términos necesarios Resultados
1 1
2 0.44413219
3 0.13952824
4 0.03287556
5 0.00619689
6 0.00097340
7 0.00013105
8 1.54400426 x 10-5
10. ¿Cómo puede emplearse el épsilon de la máquina para formular un criterio
de detención es para sus programas? Dé un ejemplo.
La diferencia de
0.015625
= 0.25
0.0625