PROEYCTO:OBRAS COMPLEMENTARIAS “MEJORAMIENTO INTEGRAL DEL SERVICIO EDUCATIVO EN LOS NIVELES PRIMARIA Y

SECUNDARIA EN LA I.E. N° 0217, EN LA LOCALIDAD DE HUNGURAHUI PAMPA, DISTRITO DE TABALOS - LAMAS - SAN MARTIN”

DISEÑO DE COMPONENTES METALICOS.-

DATOS GENERALES DE LA ESTRUCTURA

PLANTA
GENERAL

Pág. 1
TOMANDO EL TIJERAL METALICO MAS CRITICO:

ELEVACION ARCO METALICO

PROPIEDADES DE LOS MATERIALES elegir
esfuerzo critico en compresion, para acero A500

ACERO : Tijeral metalico: Fy = 46 KSI λc = 7.85 Tn/m3, Ec = 2,000,000 Kg/cm2 = 29000 KSI
Fu = 58 KSI u= 0.30
corrugado: Fy = 4200 Kg/cm2, λc = 7.85 Tn/m3, Ec = 2,100,000 Kg/cm2

SOLDADURA: Electrodos: Fexx = 60 KSI (E70 XX - AWS, para acero liso)

Fexx = 70 KSI (E70 XX - AWS, para acero corrug.)
COBERTURA: Pu = 4.94 kg/m2 (Plancha; catalogo fabricante)

DISEÑO DE TIJERAL METALICO

PRE-DIMENCIONAMIENTO
SECCION DE ELEMENTOS DEL TIJERAL:
Para un calculo inicial, se asume para todos los elementos: žA = 5.00 cm2

TIPOS DE CARGAS: Identificando los tipos de cargas intervinientes en la Estructura:

CARGA MUERTA (D):
Cobertura (catalogo fabricante): D1 = 4.94 kg/m2 Correa Separacion entre correas
Estructura metalica (estimado a verificar): D2 = 4.47 kg/m2 1.45

Peso ml
6.48 kg/ml

ž WD = 9.41 kg/m2
CARGA VIVA DE TECHO (Lr):
NTP E.020 - 2006 ž WLr = 30.00 kg/m2

Pág. 2
 CARGA DE VIENTO (W):

Vh= 75 km/h

esta formula es para edificaciones menores a 10 metros, pero la

velocidad no debe ser menor a 75 km/h. para edificaciones mayores
a 10 metros se tomara la velocidad Vh=mapa eolico

h= 11.65 m
V local= 55.00 km/h, > 75km/h
Vpermisible= 75 km/h

NTP E.030 - 2006 ž Vh = 75.00 km/h (Mapa Eolico del Peru, zona San Martin)
θ= 0% = 0.00 ° = pendiente mas baja de la superficie, en grados (°)
θ= 21.3% = 12.00 ° = pendiente promedio de la superficie, en grados (°)
θ= 21.3% = 12.00 ° = pendiente maxima de la superficie, en grados (°)
NTP E.020 - 2007 ž Ph =0 . 005 xCxV donde: Ph = Presión o succión del viento a una altura “h” perpendicular a
h2
SELECCIONAR θ° barlovento sotavento la superficie, para "h"< 10m (kg/m2)

6 0.30 C = factor de forma adimensional (de tabla izquierda)

Superficies inclinadas a
15° o menos -0.60
-0.70 (El signo positivo indica presión y el negativo succión)

BARLOVENTO: Considerando presion en el Barlovento: C= 0.30 ž ρh = 8.44 kg/m2

BARLOVENTO: Considerando succion en el Barlovento: C= -0.70 ž ρh = -19.69 kg/m2
SOTAVENTO Se tiene succion en el Sotavento: C= -0.60 ž ρh = -16.88 kg/m2

METRADO DE CARGAS: Calculando las cargas concentradas sobre los nudos de la brida superior:
A T = ancho tributario entre tijerales (m) = 7.45 m B = ancho tributario entre nudos de brida superior(m) = 0.50 m
Cantidad de perfiles de cada tijeral= 2.00
A = ancho tributario entre perfiles metalicos (m) = 3.725 m

1° ER METODO: APLICADO A LA BRIDA SUPERIOR

CARGA MUERTA (PD): PD = (WD)(A) ž PD = 35.05 kg

CARGA VIVA DE TECHO (PLr): PLr = (WLr)(A) ž PLr = 111.75 kg
CARGA DE VIENTO (W): PW = (ρh)(A)

Barlovento _PRESION ž PWp-s = 31.43 kg

Barlovento _SUCCION ž PWx = -73.34 kg
SOTAVENTO _SUCCION ž PWy = -62.86 kg

2° DO METODO: APLICADO A LOS NUDOS DE LA BRIDA SUPERIOR

CARGA MUERTA (PD): PD = (WD)(A)(B) , ž PD = 17.52 kg
CARGA VIVA DE TECHO (PLr): PLr = (WLr)(A)(B) ž PLr = 55.88 kg
CARGA DE VIENTO (W): PW = (ρh)(A)(B)
BARLOVENTO: Considerando presion en el Barlovento: PWp-s = 15.71 kg

BARLOVENTO: Considerando succion en el Barlovento: PWs-s = -36.67 kg

SOTAVENTO Se tiene succion en el Sotavento: PWs-s = -31.43 kg

COMBINACIONES DE CARGAS: ESPECIFICACION A-4.1 LRFD:

ANALISIS ESTRUCTURAL:

Pág. 3
NUMERACION DE NUDOS Y BARRAS

ESTADO CARGA MUERTA (PD)

ESTADO CARGA VIVA DE TECHO (PLr)

ESTADO CARGA DE VIENTO (Barlovento)

Pág. 4
 ESTADO CARGA DE VIENTO (Sotavento)

δmáx<L/180 desplamiento= 3.12 cm

Luz Libre= 18 m

Desplazamiento permisible= 20 cm

3.12 < 20.00 OK

DIAGRAMA-ENVOLVENTE DE DEFORMACIONES
ž Se observa que el punto con deflexion maxima esta
en la brida superior, cuyo valor se considera aceptable

(+): traccion (-): compresion DIAGRAMA-ENVOLVENTE DE FUERZA AXIAL

Pág. 5
 DISEÑO DE LOS ELEMENTOS DE ACERO
Tal como se puede observar los elementos estructurales del tijeral estan dentro del rango aceptable, lo que es idoneo para el diseño

DISEÑO DE ELEMENTOS A COMPRESION ESPECIFICACIONES AISC - LRFD 99:

Diseñamos a compresion porque es el mas desfavorable
Ø = 0.85 (en compresion) elejimos el mas desfavorable
Ø = 0.90 (en traccion)
esfuerzo critico en compresion, para acero A500 ……..(4)
Fy = 46 KSI

Kl esbeltes admisible ž r > KL/60 ……..(5)

= 60
r
λ 2c esfuerzo admisible (Ksi), ……..(6)
F cr = ( 0 . 658 ) Fy
Kl Fy ž Pu
donde: Ø = 0.85 (en compresion) y
λc =
π r √ E
Ag =
φ F cr
Kilo libras
……..(7)

DISEÑO DE Barra mas Pu = 429.57 Kg = 0.95 Kips requiere:

BRIDAS critica: L= 0.500 m = 19.69 pulg Ag = 0.025 pulg2
SUP-INF N° 390 de (5): r> 0.328 pulg

ž Se elige perfil: HSS2.500X0.250 ž Ag = 1.660 pulg2 > Ag …...… OK

CIRCULAR rx= 0.806 pulg > r …...… OK
ry= 0.806 pulg > r …...… OK
VERIFICACION POR ESBELTES:
de (7): ž λc = 0.310 < 1.5 … OK Puadm = Ø(Fcr)(Ag) = 62.35 Kips > Pu OK
de (6): ž Fcr = 44.191 Ksi

VERIFICACION POR PANDEO LOCAL:

b b= 2 = 2.03 " λ= 8.14 , b 76 = 11.206 > λ OK
  T = 4/16 = 0.250 " t
≤
(no existe pandeo local)
T √Fy
VERIFICACION POR PANDEO FLEXOTORSIONAL:
Del perfil: Xcg = 1.660 pulg x2 2
o + yo
__
Ycg =
G=
1.660 pulg
11200 Ksi
r
o2
= x 2o + y 2o + r 2x + r 2y = 6.810 pulg ž H = 1 −
[ __
r
o
2 ] = 0.881 pulg

b1 = b2 = b - T/2 = 1.91 pulg ž b1 t

13
+ b2 t 3
2 = 0.03977
J =
3
Kl Fy = 0.3096 > 0.15 Fcry = 44.191 Ksi
λ c =
r π √ E
ž
S : λ c ≤ 1,5
S : λ c > 1,5
Fcry = (0 . 658 ) Fy
Fcry =
0. 877
λ c2
Fy
λc

Fcry = 420.82 Ksi

Como : λc > 0.15 ž Fcry = 420.82 Ksi

Pág. 6
 λc

F
luego: crz =
GJ
__
A r
o2
= 5.78522431 ž F crft =
F crft + F crz
2H [ √
1−
4 F cry F crz H
( f cry + F crz )2 ] = 189.503 Ksi

luego: Pn = φ c F crft Ag = 267.388 Kips > Pu = 0.95 OK ž HSS2.500X0.250

para toda la brida superior e inferior

DISEÑO DE Barra mas Pu = 1271.18 Kg = 2.80 Kips requiere:

DIAGONALES: critica: L= 0.700 m = 27.56 pulg Ag = 0.130 pulg2
TIJERAL TM-01 N° 13 de (5): r> 0.459 pulg (preferible)

ž Se elige varilla: 3/4" = 0.75 pulg ž Ag = 0.442 pulg2 > Ag …...… OK

rx= 0.188 pulg > r …...… MAL (se obvia)
ry= 0.188 pulg > r …...… MAL (se obvia)
VERIFICACION POR ESBELTES:
de (7): ž λc = 1.863 < 1.5 … MAL Puadm = Ø(Fcr)(Ag) = 6.73 Kips > Pu OK
de (6): ž Fcr = 17.938 Ksi
Ø 3/4" (corrugado)
similar para las diagonales del Tijeral
de cada extremo.

DISEÑO DE Barra mas Pu = 848.72 Kg = 1.87 Kips requiere:

DIAGONALES: critica: L= 1.170 m = 46.06 pulg Ag = 0.087 pulg2
TEATINA N° 286 de (5): r> 0.768 pulg (preferible)

ž Se elige varilla: 1" = 1.00 pulg ž Ag = 0.785 pulg2 > Ag …...… OK

rx= 0.250 pulg > r …...… MAL (se obvia)
ry= 0.250 pulg > r …...… MAL (se obvia)
VERIFICACION POR ESBELTES:
de (7): ž λc = 2.336 < 1.5 … MAL Puadm = Ø(Fcr)(Ag) = 11.97 Kips > Pu OK
de (6): ž Fcr = 17.938 Ksi
Ø 1" (corrugado)
similar para las diagonales de la Teatina
de cada extremo.

DISEÑO DE SOLDADURAS ESPECIFICACIONES AISC - LRFD 99:

ESPESOR DE SOLDADURA: Dmax = t - 1/16" < 1/2” , Dmin = 1/8”

RESIST. POR SOLDADURA: ΦRn = 2*Φ0.60Fexx (T )….…(8) (soldadura en ambas caras
RESIST. POR FRACTURA: ΦRn = Φ0.60 Fu(t) …...…... (9) de la plancha)

donde: T = 0.707(D) ademas: C.G. = Centro de Gravedad del Perfil = "Y"

t = espesor del perfil L3 = ancho del perfil
Φ = 0.75
por equilibrio de fuerzas: Pu = f 1 + f 2 + f 3 f 1 = Pu*(1-Y/L3)-f 3/2 ……(11)
por esfuerzo neto de la soldadura del fondo: f 3 = (L3)(ΦRn).….(10) f 2 = Y*Pu/L3 - f 3/2 ……....(12)

Longitudes de soldadura: L1 = f 1/(ΦRn) > 4D …… (13) L2 = f 2/(ΦRn) 4D …… (14)

-
DIAGONALES Pu=1271.18 Pu = 2.80 Kip , Seccion: Ø 3/4" (corrugado): L3 = 0.75 pulg Y= 0.375 pulg
13 t= 1/4 pulg : Dmax = t - 1/16" = 3/16 pulg <1/2" D= 1/8 pulg
Dmin = 1/8” T= 0.088 pulg
de (8): ΦRn = 4.61 Kip/pulg , de (9): ΦRn = 6.525 Kip/pulg ΦRn = 4.613 Ksi (gobierna)
de (10): f3= 0.00 Kip (obviando esta fuerza)
de (11): f2= 1.40 Kip … OK (f2 > 0 ) ž de (14): L2 = 0.50 pulg (long. minima = 4D)
de (12): f1= 1.40 Kip … OK (f1 > 0 ) ž de (13): L1 = 0.50 pulg (long. minima = 4D)

Pág. 7
 AISC 13th EDITION MEMBER DIMENSIONS AND PROPERTIES VIEWER
W, S, M, HP Shapes C, MC Shapes WT, ST, MT Shapes Single Angles Double Angles Rectangular HSS

Y Y Y Y Y Y
k1=0.875
k tf=0.445 tf=0.436 b=3.5 t(des)=0.116
bf=5.75 t=0.375
y(bar)=1.07 x(bar)=0.609
x(bar)=0.634 tf=0.36 d=2 t=0.3125 X
d=8.02 T X d=10 X X d=5 h=6 X
d=5.09 X y(bar)=0.609
tw=0.445 tw=0.24 tw=0.24 b=2 y(bar)=1.6
(0, 3/8, or 3/4
bf=8.16 bf=2.6 gap) b=2

HP8X36 C10X15.3 WT5X11 L2X2X5/16 2L5X3-1/2X3/8LLBB HSS6X2X1/8

A= 10.6 in.^2 A= 4.48 in.^2 A= 3.24 in.^2 A= 1.15 in.^2 A= 6.1 in.^2 A= 1.77 in.^2
d= 8.02 in. d= 10 in. d= 5.090 in. d= 2 in. d= 5 in. h= 6 in.
tw = 0.445 in. tw = 0.24 in. tw = 0.240 in. b= 2 in. b= 3.5 in. b= 2 in.
bf = 8.16 in. bf = 2.6 in. bf = 5.750 in. t= 0.3125 in. t= 0.375 in. t(des) = 0.116 in.
tf = 0.445 in. tf = 0.436 in. tf = 0.360 in. k= 0.5625 in. wt./ft. = 20.8 plf. wt./ft. = 6.45 plf.
k(des) = 1.13 in. k= 1 in. k(des) = 0.6600 in. wt./ft. = 3.92 plf. Ix = 15.5 in.^4 Ix = 7.42 in.^4
k(det) = 1.125 in. T= 8 in. k(det) = 0.9375 in. eo = 0.29 in. Sx = 4.56 in.^3 Sx = 2.47 in.^3
k1 = 0.875 in. gage = 1.5 in. gage = 2.75 in. Ix = 0.41 in.^4 rx = 1.59 in. rx = 2.05 in.
T= 5.75 in. rts = 0.869 in. wt./ft. 11.00 plf. Sx = 0.30 in.^3 y(bar) = 1.6 in. Zx = 3.19 in.^3
gage = 5.5 in. ho = 9.56 in. bf/(2*tf) 7.990 rx = 0.598 in. Zx = 8.18 in.^3 Iy = 1.31 in.^4
wt./ft. = 36 plf. wt./ft. = 15.3 plf. d/tw 21.200 y(bar) = 0.609 in. yp = 0.93 in. Sy = 1.31 in.^3
bf/(2*tf) 9.16 eo = 0.796 in. Ix = 6.88 in.^4 Zx = 0.537 in.^3 ry(0) = 1.33 in. ry = 0.861 in.
h/tw = 14.2 Ix = 67.3 in.^4 Sx = 1.72 in.^3 yp = 0.290 in. ry(3/8) = 1.46 in. Zy = 1.46 in.^3
Ix = 119 in.^4 Sx = 13.5 in.^3 rx = 1.46 in. Iy = 0.41 in.^4 ry(3/4) = 1.59 in. h(flat) = 5.4375 in.
Sx = 29.8 in.^3 rx = 3.87 in. y(bar) = 1.070 in. Sy = 0.30 in.^3 Qs(0) = 2.51 b(flat) = --- in.
rx = 3.36 in. Zx = 15.9 in.^3 Zx = 3.02 in.^3 ry = 0.598 in. Qs = 2.58 J= 3.72 in.^4
Zx = 33.6 in.^3 Iy = 2.27 in.^4 yp = 0.282 in. x(bar) = 0.609 in. ro(bar)(0) = 2.66 in. C= 2.57 in.^3
Iy = 40.3 in.^4 Sy = 1.15 in.^3 Iy = 5.71 in.^4 Zy = 0.536 in.^3 H(0) = 0.683 A(surf) = 1.3 ft^2/ft
Sy = 9.88 in.^3 ry = 0.711 in. Sy = 1.99 in.^3 xp = 0.290 in. ro(bar)(3/8) = 0.7 in.
ry = 1.95 in. x(bar) = 0.634 in. ry = 1.33 in. Iz = 0.17 in.^4 H(3/8) = 0.718 Round HSS & Pipes
Zy = 15.2 in.^3 Zy = 2.34 in.^3 Zy = 3.05 in.^3 Sz = 0.12 in.^3 ro(3/4) = 1 in. Y
rts = 2.26 in. xp = 0.224 in. Qs(50) = 0.837 rz = 0.386 in. H(3/4) = 0.983 t(nom)=0.25
ho = 7.58 in. J= 0.209 in.^4 J= 0.12 in.^4 TAN(a ) = 1.000
J= 0.77 in.^4 Cw = 45.5 in.^6 Cw = 0.107 in.^6 Qs(36) = 1.000
Cw = 578 in.^6 a= 23.74 in. a= 1.53 in. J= 0.0393 in.^4 Plates O.D.=2.5 X
a= 44.09 in. ro(bar) = 4.19 in. ro(bar) = 2.16 in. Cw = 0.0106 in.^6 Y
Wno = 15.4 in.^2 H= 0.884 H= 0.830 a= 0.84 in. t=0.375 I.D.=2.034
Sw = 14 in.^4 ro(bar) = 1.06 in. X
Qf = 6.5 in.^3 H= 0.640 b=12 HSS2.500X0.250
Qw = 16.6 in.^3 A= 1.66 in.^2
t= 0.375 in. O.D. = 2.5 in.
b= 12 in. I.D. = 2.034 in.
wt./ft. = 15.31 plf. t(nom) = 0.25 in.
A= 4.500 in.^2 t(des) = 0.233 in.
Ix = 0.053 in.^4 wt./ft. = 6.01 plf.
Reference:
Sx = 0.281 in.^3 Ix = 1.08 in.^4
The shapes contained in this database are taken from the AISC Version 13.0
"Shapes Database" CD-ROM Version (12/2005), as well as those listed in the Iy = 1.08 in.^4
AISC 13th Edition Manual of Steel Construction (12/2005). rx = 0.108 in. Sx = 0.862 in.^3
Sy = 0.862 in.^3
Iy = 54.000 in.^4 rx = 0.806 in.
Reference:
The shapes contained in this database are taken from the AISC Version 13.0
"Shapes Database" CD-ROM Version (12/2005), as well as those listed in the
AISC 13th Edition Manual of Steel Construction (12/2005).

ry = 0.806 in.
Sy = 9.000 in.^3 Zx = 1.2 in.^3
Zy = 1.2 in.^3
ry = 3.464 in. J= 2.15 in.^4
J= 54.053 in.^4 C= 1.72 in.^3
NOMENCLATURE FOR AISC VERSION 13.0 MEMBER PROPERTIES AND DIMENSIONS:

A= Cross-sectional area of member (in.^2)

d= Depth of member, parallel to Y-axis (in.)
h= Depth of member, parallel to Y-axis (in.)
tw = Thickness of web of member (in.)
bf = Width of flange of member, parallel to X-axis (in.)
b= Width of member, parallel to X-axis (in.)
tf = Thickness of flange of member (in.)
k= Distance from outer face of flange to web toe of fillet (in.)
k1 = Distance from web centerline to flange toe of fillet (in.)
T= Distance between fillets for wide-flange or channel shape = d(nom)-2*k(det) (in.)
gage = Standard gage (bolt spacing) for member (in.) (Note: gages for angles are available by viewing comment box at cell K18.)
Ix = Moment of inertia of member taken about X-axis (in.^4)
Sx = Elastic section modulus of member taken about X-axis (in.^3)
rx = Radius of gyration of member taken about X-axis (in.) = SQRT(Ix/A)
Iy = Moment of inertia of member taken about Y-axis (in.^4)
Sy = Elastic section modulus of member taken about Y-axis (in.^3)
ry = Radius of gyration of member taken about Y-axis (in.) = SQRT(Iy/A)
Zx = Plastic section modulus of member taken about X-axis (in.^3)
Zy = Plastic section modulus of member taken about Y-axis (in.^3)
rts = SQRT(SQRT(Iy*Cw)/Sx) (in.)
xp = horizontal distance from designated member edge to plastic neutral axis (in.)
yp = vertical distance from designated member edge to plastic neutral axis (in.)
ho = Distance between centroid of flanges, d-tf (in.)
J= Torsional moment of inertia of member (in.^4)
Cw = Warping constant (in.^6)
C= Torsional constant for HSS shapes (in.^3)
a= Torsional property, a = SQRT(E*Cw/G*J) (in.)
E= Modulus of elasticity of steel = 29,000 ksi
G= Shear modulus of elasticity of steel = 11,200 ksi
Wno = Normalized warping function at a point at the flange edge (in.^2)
Sw = Warping statical moment at a point on the cross section (in.^4)
Qf = Statical moment for a point in the flange directly above the vertical edge of the web (in.^3)
Qw = Statical moment at the mid-depth of the section (in.^3)
x(bar) = Distance from outside face of web of channel shape or outside face of angle leg to Y-axis (in.)
y(bar) = Distance from outside face of outside face of flange of WT or angle leg to Y-axis (in.)
eo = Horizontal distance from the outer edge of a channel web to its shear center (in.) = (approx.) tf*(d-tf)^2*(bf-tw/2)^2/(4*Ix)-tw/2
xo = x-coordinate of shear center with respect to the centroid of the section (in.)
yo = y-coordinate of shear center with respect to the centroid of the section (in.)
ro(bar) = Polar radius of gyration about the shear center = SQRT(xo^2+yo^2+(Ix+Iy)/A) (in.)
H= Flexural constant, H = 1-(xo^2+yo^2)/ro(bar)^2)
LLBB = Long legs back-to-back for double angles
SLBB = Short legs back-to-back for double angles
h(flat) = The workable flat (straight) dimension along the height, h (in.)
b(flat) = The workable flat (straight) dimension along the width, b (in.)
A(surf) = The total surface area of a rectangular or square HSS section (ft.^2/ft.)
STD = Standard weight (Schedule 40) pipe section
XS = Extra strong (Schedule 80) pipe section
XXS = Double-extra strong pipe section