Chamizo Lorente, Fernando-Matemáticas para Químicos
Chamizo Lorente, Fernando-Matemáticas para Químicos
Chamizo Lorente, Fernando-Matemáticas para Químicos
Autor de la obra
Carlos Maroto Belmonte
• Formulario
• Ejercicios modelo resueltos
• Ejercicios para practicar
Formulario
Para revisar los conceptos y fórmulas fundamentales del
módulo antes de empezar a trabajar.
Soluciones y Anexos
Al final del taller el alumno puede corregir los ejercicios
realizados con la lista de soluciones. También dispone de
una sección en la que se detallan todos los procesos de
resolución de los ejercicios para practicar.
Formulario
• y = k (constante) ï y′ = 0
• y=x ï y′ = 1
• y = xn ï y ′ = nx n −1
• y = f ( x) ± g ( x) ï y ′ = f ′( x) ± g ′( x)
• y = k ⋅ f ( x) ï y ′ = k ⋅ f ′( x)
Cálculo de derivadas.
1
a) y = x 4 − x 2 + 3x − 2
5
Resolución
1 2
y′ = 4x 3 − 2x + 3 = 4x 3 − x + 3
5 5
1
b) y = 4 x 5 −
3x 2
Resolución
1 1 2 1 2
y = 4 x 5 − x − 2 ⇒ y ′ = 4 ⋅ 5 x 4 − ⋅ (−2) x −3 = 20 x 4 + ⋅ 3 = 20 x 4 + 3
3 3 3 x 3x
x2 3
c) y = 5 x 3 + +
2 x
Resolución
3 1
1 3 1 15 3
y = 5 x 2 + x 2 + 3x −1 ⇒ y ′ = 5 ⋅ x 2 + ⋅ 2 x + 3 ⋅ (−1) x − 2 = x +x− 2
2 2 2 2 x
5x 2
d) y =
7x5
Resolución
−1 −3
(−1) 2
5
5x 2 5x 2 5 2− 5 5
y= = 5
= x 2
= x 2 ⇒ y′ = ⋅ x ⇒
7 ⋅ x5 7 7 7 2
7⋅x 2
−5 1 −5 1 −5
⇒ y′ = ⋅ 3 = ⋅ =
3
2 7 2 2 7 x 2 7x3
x
1) y = 7x3 + 2 17) y =
8
− 7x6 + x − 7
2
2) y = −8 x 4 − 5 x 3 x
3
3) y = 9 − 6x5 18) y = 5 − 5 x 3 + 3
4) y =8 2x
5) y = 10 x 10 − x 19) y = 5 x 3
6) y = −6 x 2 + 1 20) y = 5x 3
7) y = 5 x 3 − x 2 + 6 21) y = 2 x 5 +
x3
+ 2x 2 − x
8) y = x 5 + x 3 − 2 x 2
−9
9) y = −3x 4 + 5 x 2 + 13x + 7 22) y = − 5 x7 + x − 6
2x 4
10) y = −2 x 9 − 7 x 6 − x 3 + 5
1
11) y = x 7 + 7 x 4 − 5 x 3 + x + 8 23) y = 4 5
x
12) y = 4 x 5 + 6 x 3 − x 2 + 2 x − 13
x
1 3 24) y = 5
13) y = x 3 − x 2 + x − 5 x
3 2 3x
2 ⎛ 5 ⎞ 25) y =
14) y = ⋅ ⎜ x 5 − x 3 + 5 x − 5 ⎟ 6x 3
5 ⎝ 2 ⎠
6 2 x3 2
15) y = 3 26) y = − + 5x 3 − x + 5
x x2 x
1
16) y = 4 x 5 − 2
3x
Formulario
• y = f ( x) ⋅ g ( x) ï y ′ = f ′( x) ⋅ g ( x) + f ( x) ⋅ g ′( x)
f ( x) f ′( x) ⋅ g ( x) − f ( x) ⋅ g ′( x)
• y= ï y′ =
g ( x) ( g ( x ) )2
• y = ax ï y ′ = a x ⋅ ln a
• Si a = e y = e x ï y′ = e x
1 1
• y = log a x ï y′ = ⋅
x ln a
1
• Si a = e y = ln x ï y′ =
x
• y = sin x ï y ′ = cos x
• y = cos x ï y ′ = − sin x
1
• y = tan x ï y ′ = 1 + tan 2 x =
cos 2 x
−1
• y = cot x ï y ′ = −(1 + cot 2 x ) =
sin 2 x
1
• y = arcsin x ï y′ =
1− x2
−1
• y = arccos x ï y′ =
1− x2
1
• y = arctan x ï y′ =
1+ x2
−1
• y = arccot x ï y′ =
1+ x2
Cálculo de derivadas.
a) y = 4 sin x − 3 ⋅ 2 x
Resolución
y ′ = 4 cos x − 3 ⋅ 2 x ⋅ ln 2
b) y = x 3 − x ⋅ e x
Resolución
( )
y ′ = 3x 2 − 1 ⋅ e x + x ⋅ e x = 3x 2 − (1 + x ) ⋅ e x
c) y = x 2 ln x
Resolución
1
y ′ = 2 x ln x + x 2 ⋅ = 2 x ln x + x
x
x2 +1
d) y = 3
x −1
Resolución
y′ =
( ) ( )
2 x ⋅ x 3 − 1 − x 2 + 1 ⋅ 3x 2 2 x 4 − 2 x − 3x 4 − 3x 2 − x 4 − 3x 2 − 2 x
= =
(
x3 −1
2
) (x3 −1) 2
(
x3 −1
2
)
Ejercicios para practicar
Formulario
y = ( f ( x) ) y ′ = n( f ( x) ) ⋅ f ′( x)
n −1
•
n
ï
• y = a f ( x) ï y ′ = a f ( x ) ⋅ ln a ⋅ f ′( x)
• Si a = e y = e f ( x ) ï y ′ = e f ( x ) ⋅ f ′( x)
1 1
• y = log a f ( x) ï y′ = ⋅ ⋅ f ′( x)
f ( x) ln a
1
• Si a = e y = ln f ( x) ï y′ = ⋅ f ′( x)
f ( x)
• y = sin f ( x) ï y ′ = cos f ( x) ⋅ f ′( x)
• y = cos f ( x) ï y ′ = − sin f ( x) ⋅ f ′( x)
f ′( x)
• y = tan f ( x) ï ( )
y ′ = 1 + tan 2 f ( x) ⋅ f ′( x) =
cos 2 f ( x)
− f ′( x)
• y = cot f ( x) ï ( )
y ′ = − 1 + cot 2 f ( x) ⋅ f ′( x) =
sin 2 f ( x)
1
• y = arcsin f ( x) ï y′ = ⋅ f ′( x)
1 − ( f ( x) )
2
−1
• y = arccos f ( x) ï y′ = ⋅ f ′( x)
1 − ( f ( x) )
2
1
• y = arctan f ( x) ï y′ = ⋅ f ′( x)
1 + ( f ( x) )
2
−1
• y = arccot f (x) ï y′ = ⋅ f ′( x)
1 + ( f ( x) )
2
Cálculo de derivadas.
(
a) y = 3x 2 + 5 x − 2 ) 5
Resolución
y ′ = 5(3x 2 + 5 x − 2) ⋅ (3 ⋅ 2 x + 5 − 0) = 5(3x 2 + 5 x − 2) ⋅ (6 x + 5)
4 4
b) y = sin 4 x
Resolución
y = sin 4 x = (sin x ) ⇒ y ′ = 4(sin x ) ⋅ cos x = 4 sin 3 x cos x
4 3
(
c) y = ln 3 x 5 − x 2 + 2 )
Resolución
y = ln 3 (x 5 − x 2 + 2 ) = (ln (x 5 − x 2 + 2)) ⇒
3
5x 4 − 2x
⇒ y ′ = 3(ln (x − x + 2)) ⋅ (5 x − 2 x ) = 3 ln (x − x + 2) ⋅ 5
2 1
5 2
⋅ 5 4 2 5 2
x − x2 + 2 x − x2 + 2
e x + e−x
d) y =
2
Resolución
e x + e−x 1 x e x − e−x
y=
2 2
−x
′
1 x
2
−x
(
= ⋅ e + e ⇒ y = ⋅ e + e ⋅ (−1) =
2
) ( )
Ejercicios para practicar
y = (x 3 + 4) 1 − cos x
7
57) 76) y = ln
58) y = tan (x 2 − 3) 1 + cos x
59) y = sin (log x ) 1 − sin (2 x )
77) y = arctan
60) y = cos(3 x 2 − x − 2) 1 + sin (2 x )
y = 25x + 2 x −1 1 − ln x
3
61) 78) y =
62) y = arctan e x 1 + ln x
63) y = ln (x 3 + x 2 + 2 ) 79) y = ln
e x − e−x
64) y = arcsin(x 2 ) e x + e −x
⎛ x2 +1⎞ ⎛1⎞
80) y = x arctan⎜ ⎟
65) y = ln⎜⎜ 3 ⎟⎟ ⋅ e cos x ⎝ x⎠
⎝ x ⎠
e x − e−x
(
81) y = ln x + ln x 2 + 1 )
66) y = 1+ x
e x + e −x 82) y = ln
⎛ x+2 ⎞ 1− x
67) y = arctan⎜ ⎟ ⎛ 1+ x2 + x ⎞
⎝ 1 − 2x ⎠ 83) y = ln⎜ ⎟
68) y = cos(x 2 ) ⋅ ln (x 2 ) ⎜ 1+ x2 − x ⎟
⎝ ⎠
3 ⋅x
1 x 3
69) y = 5 x
84) y =
cos(x 2 )
3x
70) y = x3
cos 2 x 85) y =
x2 − 4
71) y = tan x 4 ( ) x cos(2 x )
(
72) y = sin 2 x 3 + x ) 2 86) y =
tan (3x )
(
73) y = sin 2 2 x 3 + x ) 87) y = 2 cos (5 x )
74) y = arctan ln x x2 −1
88) y =
75) y = cos x 2 e x ( ) 2x + 5
89) y = e 1+ 1+ x4
90) y = ln
cos x
1+ x4 −1
Formulario
⎛ f ′( x) ⎞
• Exponencial: y = f ( x)
g ( x)
ï y ′ = f ( x) g ( x ) ⋅ ⎜⎜ g ′( x) ⋅ ln f ( x) + g ( x) ⋅ ⎟
⎝ f ( x) ⎟⎠
Demostración
′
⋅ y ′ = ( g ( x) ⋅ ln f ( x) ) ⇒
1
y = f ( x) g ( x ) ⇒ ln y = ln f ( x) g ( x ) = g ( x) ⋅ ln f ( x) ⇒
y
y′ f ′( x) ⎛ f ′( x) ⎞
⇒ = g ′( x) ⋅ ln f ( x) + g ( x) ⋅ ⇒ y ′ = y ⋅ ⎜⎜ g ′( x) ⋅ ln f ( x) + g ( x) ⋅ ⎟⇒
y f ( x) ⎝ f ( x) ⎟⎠
⎛ f ′( x) ⎞
⇒ y ′ = f ( x) g ( x ) ⋅ ⎜⎜ g ′( x) ⋅ ln f ( x) + g ( x) ⋅ ⎟
⎝ f ( x) ⎟⎠
f ′( x) g ′( x)
⋅ ln g ( x) − ⋅ ln f ( x)
f ( x) g ( x)
• Logaritmos: y = log g ( x ) f ( x) ï y′ =
ln 2 g ( x)
Demostración
y = log g ( x ) f ( x) ⇒ g ( x) y = f ( x) ⇒ ln g ( x) y = ln f ( x) ⇒ y ln g ( x) = ln f ( x) ⇒
1 1
⋅ f ′( x) ln g ( x) − ln f ( x) ⋅ ⋅ g ′( x)
ln f ( x) f ( x) g ( x)
⇒y= ⇒ y′ = ⇒
ln g ( x) (ln g ( x) )2
f ′( x) g ′( x)
⋅ ln g ( x) − ⋅ ln f ( x)
f ( x) g ( x)
⇒ y′ =
ln 2 g ( x)
′
• Derivación implícita: f ( x, y ) = 0 ⇒ ( f ( x, y ) ) = 0 ⇒ F ( x, y, y ′) = 0 ⇒ y ′ = F ( x, y )
Cálculo de derivadas.
a) y = x x
Resolución
⋅ y ′ = 1 ⋅ ln x + x ⋅ ⇒ y ′ = y ⋅ (ln x + 1) ⇒ y ′ = x x ⋅ (ln x + 1)
1 1
ln y = ln x x = x ⋅ ln x ⇒
y x
b) y = log x (ln x )
Resolución
ln(ln x )
x y = ln x ⇒ ln x y = ln (ln x ) ⇒ y ln x = ln (ln x ) ⇒ y = ⇒
ln x
⋅ ⋅ ln x − ln(ln x ) ⋅ ⋅ (1 − ln(ln x ))
1 1 1 1
1 − ln(ln x )
⇒ y ′ = ln x x x = x =
(ln x ) 2 2
ln x x ln 2 x
c) x 4 y 2 − 7 x 2 y + 4 = 0
Resolución
( )
4 x 3 y 2 + x 4 2 yy ′ − 14 xy + 7 x 2 y ′ = 0 ⇒ 4 x 3 y 2 + x 4 2 yy ′ − 14 xy − 7 x 2 y ′ = 0 ⇒
14 xy − 4 x 3 y 2
( )
⇒ x 4 2 y − 7 x 2 y ′ = 14 xy − 4 x 3 y 2 ⇒ y ′ =
2x 4 y − 7 x 2
( ) ⎛ x+ y ⎞
1
94) y = 1 − x ( ln 1+ x ) 102) ln⎜⎜ 2 ⎟=2
3 ⎟
⎝ x − y ⎠
95) y = log ln x ( x )
103) sin ( x + y ) + e y = y
96) y = log x 2 x2 −1
104) x 2 + 2 xy + y 2 + y − x = 0
97) y = log sin x 1 + x 2 105) xy 2 − x 3 + y − 1 = 0
98) y = log arctan x x 2 ( )
Soluciones
1) y ′ = 21x 2 x2 + 2
28) y ′ = 2 x ln x +
2) y ′ = −32 x 3 − 15 x 2 x
3) y ′ = −30x 4 29) y ′ = (ln 3 ⋅ sin x + cos x ) ⋅ 3 x
4) y′ = 0 30) y ′ =
tan x
ln 10 ⋅ x
(
+ log x ⋅ 1 + tan 2 x )
5) y ′ = 100 x 9 − 1
6) y ′ = −12 x ( ) ⎛1 ⎞
31) y ′ = x 2 + 2 x ⋅ cos x − ⎜ x 3 + x 2 − 1⎟ ⋅ sin x
7) y ′ = 15 x 2 − 2 x ⎝3 ⎠
8) y ′ = 5 x 4 + 3x 2 − 2 32) y ′ = 1 + 2 x arctan x
9) y ′ = −12 x 3 + 10 x + 13 5 1
33) y ′ = +
10) y ′ = −18 x 8 − 42 x 5 − 3 x 2 cos x ln 2 ⋅ x
2
11) y ′ = 7 x 6 + 28 x 3 − 15 x 2 + 1 −4 1
34) y ′ = 3 + − 5 x ⋅ ln 5
12) y ′ = 20 x 4 + 18 x 2 − 2 x + 2 x x
13) y ′ = x 2 − 3x + 1 35) y = x (3 ln x + 1 + sin x ) − 2 x cos x
′ 2
cos x 3
14) y ′ = 2 x 4 − 3x 2 + 2 36) y ′ = − x ⋅ sin x
− 18 33 x 2
15) y′ = 4
x − 4x 2 − 6x + 4
37) y ′ =
16) y ′ = 20 x 4 + 3
2 (x 2 + 1)2
3x 3x 4 − 14 x 3 + 18 x 2
− 16 38) y ′ =
17) y ′ = 3 − 42 x 5 + 1 ( x − 2 )2
x
1 − 2 ln x
− 15 39) y ′ =
18) y ′ = 6 − 15 x 2 x3
2x
− 3x 2 − 3
y′ =
15 40) y ′ =
2 x (x 2 − 3)
19) x 2
2
3 5 −5
20) y′ = x 41) y ′ = + 2 x ⋅ ln 2
2 1− x 2
3
y′ = 5 x 3 + x 2 + 4x − 1 x 2 e x + 1 − ln x
21)
2 42) y ′ =
x2
18 35 5
22) y′ = 5 − x +1 43) y ′ = 5 x (ln 5 ⋅ cos x − sin x ) +
1
x 2 x ln 3
−5 2 x 2 − 12 x + 1
23) y′ = 44) y ′ =
44 x 9 (x − 3)2
−9 − 2x − 1
24) y′ = 45) y ′ =
2 x 11 (x 2
+ x +1 )
2
−3
25) y′ = x3 −1
2 6x3 46) y ′ = 3 x 2 x +
2 x
−1 2
y′ = + 2 + 15 x 2 − 1 3x 5 − 2 x
26)
x3 x ( )
47) y ′ = 15 x 4 − 2 ⋅ arcsin x +
1− x2
( )
27) y ′ = 3x 2 + x 3 ⋅ e x
⎛ 1 ⎞ 1 1
48) y ′ = e x ⎜ cot x − ⎟+ − 5 ln 5 x
⎝ sin 2 x ⎠ x 69) y ′ =
( )
49) y ′ = 5 x 4 + 2 ⋅ sin x + x 5 + 2 x − 1 ⋅ cos x ( ) x2
( ( )
2 cos x 2 sin x − x sin x 2 cos x ( ) )
2(sin x − x cos x ) 70) y ′ =
50) y ′ = cos 3 x
(x + sin x )2 ( ( ))
2 x 3 1 + tan 2 x 4
51) y ′ =
12 x cos x + 6 x 2 − 5 sin x ( ) 71) y ′ =
( )
tan x 4
cos 2 x
72) y ′ = cos(2 x + x ) ⋅ (24 x )
2
− 2 x tan 2 x − 2 x + 2 tan x
3 5
+ 16 x 3 + 2 x
52) y ′ =
(x + tan x )2 73) y ′ = sin (2 x + x ) ⋅ cos(2 x
3 3
)(
+ x ⋅ 12 x 2 + 2 )
1
53) y ′ = − sin x ⋅ ln x +
cos x 74) y ′ =
x 2 x ln x ⋅ (1 + ln x )
54) y ′ =
cos x ⋅ sin x − x sin 2 x − x
75) y ′ =
( )
− 2 x + x 2 ⋅ e x sin x 2 e x ( )
cos x ⋅ tan 2 x 2 cos x 2 e x ( )
⎛ 1 ⎞
2 x ⎜ ln 2 log 2 x − ⎟+ 76) y ′ =
1
55) y ′ = ⎝ x ln 2 ⎠
L sin x
(log 2 x )2 − cos(2 x )
77) y ′ =
⎛ 1 ⎞ 1 − sin (2 x )
+ 5x ⎜ − ln 5 log 2 x⎟ (1 + sin (2 x )) ⋅
L ⎝ x ln 2 ⎠ 1 + sin (2 x )
−1 1 + ln x
78) y ′ =
56) y ′ = 2 x ln x sin x + x sin x + x 2 ln x cos x x(1 + ln x )
2
1 − ln x
57) y ′ = 21x x + 4 2
( 3
)
6
79) y′ = 2x
2
(
58) y ′ = 2 x 1 + tan 2 x 2 − 3 ( )) e − e −2 x
cos(log x ) ⎛1⎞
y ′ = arctan⎜ ⎟ − 2
x
59) y ′ = 80)
x ln 10 ⎝ x ⎠ x +1
(
60) y ′ = − sin 3 x 2 − x − 2 ⋅ (6 x − 1) ) x2 + x +1
61) y ′ = 2 5 x
3
+ 2 x −1
(
⋅ ln 2 ⋅ 15 x 2 + 2 )
81) y′ =
(
(x 2 + 1)⋅ x + ln x 2 + 1 )
ex 1
62) y ′ = 82) y′ =
1 + e2x 1− x2
3x 2 + 2 x 2
63) y ′ = 3 83) y′ =
x + x2 + 2 1+ x2
2x x 2 3 x (2 ln 3 ⋅ x + 5)
64) y ′ = 84) y′ =
1− x4 2 3x
⎛ − x2 − 3
⎜
65) y ′ = ⎜ −
⎛ x2 +1⎞
⎜ ⎟ ⋅
⎞ cos x
⎟⋅e 85) y ′ =
( )
x x 2 − 12 x 2 − 4
⎝ x x (
2
+ 1
ln ⎜ x3 ⎟
⎝ ⎠ )
sin x ⎟
⎠ 2(x − 4)2
⋅ x
2
2 e x + e−x 86) y ′ =
(cos(2 x ) − 2 x sin (2 x )) ⋅ tan(3x ) − L
66) y ′ = tan 2 (3x )
(e x
+ e −x )
2
e x − e −x
1 L
(
− 3x cos(2 x ) ⋅ 1 + tan 2 (3x ) )
67) y ′ =
1+ x2
68) y ′ = −2 x sin x ⋅ ln x + ( ) ( )
2 cos x 2 2 2 ( ) 87) y ′ = −5 ln 2 ⋅ 2 cos (5 x ) sin (5 x )
x 5x + 2
88) y ′ =
(2 x + 5)2 ⋅ x 2 − 1
x
cos x ⋅ (cos x + x sin x ) 98) y ′ =
( )
2 1 + x 2 arctan x ⋅ ln (arctan x ) − 2 x ln x
89) y ′ = e ⋅
( )
x ⋅ 1 + x 2 arctan x ⋅ ln 2 (arctan x )
cos x
2 x cos 2 x
−2
90) y ′ =
x 1+ x4 6x + 7 y − 2 y
99) y ′ =
⎛ − ln(5 sin x ) cos x ⎞ x
− 7x
91) y ′ = x 5 sin x ⋅ ⎜ + ⎟ y
⎝ x2 x sin x ⎠
⎛ cos x ⎞ y − 2 x ln 2 ⋅ y 2 + 2 y ⋅ 2 x
92) y ′ = x cos x ⋅ ⎜ − sin x ⋅ ln x + ⎟ 100) y ′ = x
⎝ x ⎠ 2 ⋅ 2 y − 2 y ln 2 ⋅ x 2 − x
⎛ 1 ⎞ − 2x − 3
93) y ′ = (ln x ) ⋅ e x ⎜ ln (ln x ) + 101) y ′ =
ex
⎟
⎝ x ln x ⎠ 2y − 5
( ) x 2 + 2 xy + y 3
1
94) y ′ = 1 − x ln (1+ x ) ⋅ 102) y ′ =
x 2 + 3xy 2 + 2 y 3
⎛1− x ⎞
− ln (1 − x ) + x ⋅ ln⎜⎜ ⎟ − cos( x + y )
1 + x ⎟⎠ 103) y ′ =
⋅ ⎝ cos( x + y ) + e y − 1
(1 − x ) ⋅ 2 x ⋅ (ln (1 + ))
2
x 1 − 2x − 2 y
104) y ′ =
ln (ln x ) − 1 1 + 2x + 2 y
95) y′ =
x ln 2 (ln x ) 3x 2 − y 2
105) y ′ =
96) y ′ =
( ) ( ) (
x 2 ln x 2 − x 2 − 1 ⋅ ln x 2 − 1 ) 2 xy + 1
( ) ( )
x ⋅ x 2 − 1 ⋅ ln 2 x 2
97) y ′ =
(
x ln (sin x ) ⋅ sin x − ln 1 + x 2 ⋅ cos x ⋅ 1 + x 2 )
( )
1 + x 2 ⋅ sin x ⋅ ln 2 (sin x )
Resoluciones
1) y ′ = 7 ⋅ 3x 2 + 0 = 21x 2
2) y ′ = (−8) ⋅ 4 x 3 − 5 ⋅ 3x 2 = −32 x 3 − 15 x 2
3) y ′ = 0 − 6 ⋅ 5 x 4 = −30 x 4
4) y′ = 0
5) y ′ = 10 ⋅ 10 x 9 − 1 = 100 x 9 − 1
6) y ′ = (−6) ⋅ 2 x + 0 = −12 x
7) y ′ = 5 ⋅ 3x 2 − 2 x + 0 = 15 x 2 − 2 x
8) y ′ = 5 x 4 + 3x 2 − 2
9) y ′ = (−3) ⋅ 4 x 3 + 5 ⋅ 2 x + 13 + 0 = −12 x 3 + 10 x + 13
10) y ′ = (−2) ⋅ 9 x 8 − 7 ⋅ 6 x 5 − 3x 2 + 0 = −18 x 8 − 42 x 5 − 3x 2
11) y ′ = 7 x 6 + 7 ⋅ 4 x 3 − 5 ⋅ 3x 2 + 1 + 0 = 7 x 6 + 28 x 3 − 15 x 2 + 1
12) y ′ = 4 ⋅ 5 x 4 + 6 ⋅ 3 x 2 − 2 x + 2 ⋅ 1 − 0 = 20 x 4 + 18 x 2 − 2 x + 2
1 3
13) y ′ = ⋅ 3x 2 − ⋅ 2 x + 1 − 0 = x 2 − 3x + 1
3 2
2 ⎛ 5 ⎞ 2 2 5 2 2 2
14) y = ⋅ ⎜ x 5 − x 3 + 5 x − 5 ⎟ = x 5 − ⋅ x 3 + ⋅ 5 x − ⋅ 5 = x 5 − x 3 + 2 x − 1 ⇒
5 ⎝ 2 ⎠ 5 5 2 5 5 5
2
⇒ y ′ = ⋅ 5 x 4 − 3x 2 + 2 ⋅ 1 − 0 = 2 x 4 − 3x 2 + 2
5
6 − 18
15) y = 3 = 6 x −3 ⇒ y ′ = 6 ⋅ (−3) x − 4 = 4
x x
1 1 1 2
16) y = 4 x 5 − 2 = 4 x 5 − x −2 ⇒ y ′ = 4 ⋅ 5 x 4 − ⋅ (−2) x −3 = 20 x 4 + 3
3x 3 3 3x
8
17) y = 2 − 7 x 6 + x − 7 = 8 x − 2 − 7 x 6 + x − 7 ⇒ y ′ = 8 ⋅ (−2) x −3 − 7 ⋅ 6 x 5 + 1 − 0 ⇒
x
− 16
⇒ y ′ = 3 − 42 x 5 + 1
x
3 3 3
18) y = 5 − 5 x 3 + 3 = x −5 − 5 x 3 + 3 ⇒ y ′ = ⋅ (−5) x −6 − 5 ⋅ 3 x 2 + 0 ⇒
2x 2 2
− 15
⇒ y ′ = 6 − 15 x 2
2x
3 1
3 15
19) y = 5 x 3 = 5 x 2 ⇒ y ′ = 5 ⋅ x 2 = x
2 2
3 1
3 2 3 5
20) y = 5 x = 5 ⋅ x = 5 ⋅ x ⇒ y ′ = 5 ⋅ x =
3 3 2
x
2 2
5
x3 1
21) y = 2 x 5 + + 2x 2 − x = 2x 2 + x3 + 2x 2 − x ⇒
2 2
3
5 1 3
⇒ y ′ = 2 ⋅ x 2 + ⋅ 3x 2 + 2 ⋅ 2 x − 1 = 5 x 3 + x 2 + 4 x − 1
2 2 2
−9 − 9 −4
7
22) y = 4 − 5 x 7 + x − 6 = x − 5x 2 + x − 6 ⇒
2x 2
−9
5
7 18 35 5
⇒ y′ = ⋅ (−4) x −5 − 5 ⋅ x 2 + 1 − 0 = 5 − x +1
2 2 x 2
−5 −9
1 4
1 1 −5 4 −5 −5
23) y = 4
5
= = 5 = x ⇒ y′ =
4
x = 9
=
x 4
x 5 4 4 x9
4
x4 4x 4
1
−9 −11
−9 −9 −9
1
x2
x −5
24) y = 5 = 5 = x 2 = x 2
⇒ y′ = x 2
= 11
=
x x 2 2 2 x 11
2x
3 −1
3x 3x 3x 3 1− 3
25) y = = = 3
= x 2
= x 2
⇒
6x3 6 ⋅ x3 6 6
6⋅x 2
−3
3 (−1) −3 1 −3 1 −3
⇒ y′ = ⋅ x 2
= ⋅ 3
= ⋅ =
6 2 2 6 2
2 6 x3 2 6x 3
x
3
3 2
2 x 2 2x
26) y = 2
− + 5 x 3 − x + 5 = 2 − 2 x −1 + 5 x 3 − x + 5 ⇒
x x x
3 −1
−2
−1
⇒ y = 2x 2
− 2x + 5x − x + 5 = 2 x 3 2
− 2 x −1 + 5 x 3 − x + 5 ⇒
−3
(−1) 2 −1 2
⇒ y′ = 2 ⋅ x − 2 ⋅ (−1) x − 2 + 5 ⋅ 3 x 2 − 1 + 0 = 3 + 2 + 15 x 2 − 1 ⇒
2 x
x2
−1 2
⇒ y′ = + 2 + 15 x 2 − 1
x 3 x
(
27) y ′ = 3x 2 e x + x 3 e x = 3x 2 + x 3 ⋅ e x )
x2 + 2
28) y ′ = (2 x + 0) ⋅ ln x + (x + 2)⋅
1
= 2 x ln x +
2
x x
29) y ′ = 3 ⋅ ln 3 ⋅ sin x + 3 ⋅ cos x = (ln 3 ⋅ sin x + cos x ) ⋅ 3 x
x x
1 1
30) y ′ = ⋅
x ln 10
⋅ tan x + log x ⋅ 1 + tan 2 x =
tan x
(
ln 10 ⋅ x
+ log x ⋅ 1 + tan 2 x ) ( )
⎛1 ⎞ ⎛1 ⎞
31) y ′ = ⎜ ⋅ 3x 2 + 2 x − 0 ⎟ ⋅ cos x + ⎜ x 3 + x 2 − 1⎟ ⋅ (− sin x) ⇒
⎝3 ⎠ ⎝3 ⎠
( )
⎛1 ⎞
⇒ y ′ = x 2 + 2 x ⋅ cos x − ⎜ x 3 + x 2 − 1⎟ ⋅ sin x
⎝3 ⎠
32) y ′ =
1
( )
⋅ x 2 + 1 + arctan x ⋅ (2 x + 0) = 1 + 2 x arctan x
1+ x2
1 1 1 5 1
33) y ′ = 5 ⋅ + ⋅ = +
cos x x ln 2 cos x ln 2 ⋅ x
2 2
2 1
34) y = 2
+ ln x − 5 x = 2 x − 2 + ln x − 5 x ⇒ y ′ = 2 ⋅ (−2) x −3 + − 5 x ⋅ ln 5 ⇒
x x
−4 1
⇒ y ′ = 3 + − 5 x ⋅ ln 5
x x
1
(
35) y ′ = 3x 2 ln x + x 3 ⋅ − 2 x cos x + x 2 (− sin x) ⇒
x
)
⇒ y ′ = 3x ln x + x 2 − (2 x cos x − x 2 sin x ) = 3x 2 ln x + x 2 − 2 x cos x + x 2 sin x ⇒
2
⇒ y ′ = x 2 (3 ln x + 1 + sin x ) − 2 x cos x
1 −2 1
1
36) y = log 5 + x ⋅ cos x = log 5 + x ⋅ cos x ⇒ y ′ = 0 + x 3 ⋅ cos x + x 3 ⋅ (− sin x) ⇒
3 3
3
cos x 3 cos x 3
⇒ y′ = 2
− x ⋅ sin x = − x ⋅ sin x
3 33 x 2
3x
37) y ′ =
(4 ⋅ 1 + 0) ⋅ (x 2 + 1) − (4 x + 3) ⋅ (2 x + 0) = 4(x 2 + 1) − (4 x + 3) ⋅ 2 x ⇒
(x 2 + 1)2 (x 2 + 1)2
4 x 2 + 4 − 8x 2 − 6 x − 4x 2 − 6x + 4
⇒ y′ = =
(x 2
+ 1)
2
(x 2
+ 1)
2
38) y ′ =
(4 x 3
− 3 ⋅ 3x 2 ) ⋅ ( x − 2) − (x 4 − 3 x 3 ) ⋅ (1 − 0)
=
(4 x 3
− 9 x 2 ) ⋅ ( x − 2 ) − (x 4 − 3 x 3 )
⇒
( x − 2 )2 ( x − 2 )2
4 x 4 − 8 x 3 − 9 x 3 + 18 x 2 − x 4 + 3 x 3 3x 4 − 14 x 3 + 18 x 2
⇒ y′ = =
( x − 2 )2 ( x − 2 )2
1 2
⋅ x − ln x ⋅ 2 x
x − ln x ⋅ 2 x x(1 − ln x ⋅ 2 ) 1 − 2 ln x
39) y ′ = x = = =
(x )
2 2 x4 x4 x3
−1
x2 − 3
( )
1
x
1
x2
1 2
x ⋅ x 2
− 3 − x 2
⋅ (2 x − 0 ) − x ⋅ 2x
2 2 x
40) y = 2 = ⇒ y′ = = ⇒
x − 3 x2 − 3 x2 − 3
2
(
x2 − 3
2
) ( )
x − 3 − 2 x ⋅ x ⋅ 2x
2
2 x x 2 − 3 − 4x 2 − 3x 2 − 3
⇒ y′ = = =
(x 2
−3 )2
2 x x2 − 3 ( ) 2
2 x x2 − 3 ( )2
−1 −5
41) y ′ = 5 + 2 x ⋅ ln 2 = + 2 x ⋅ ln 2
1− x 2
1− x 2
⎛ 1⎞
⎜1 ⋅ e + xe + ⎟ x − xe + ln x ⋅ 1
x x x
( )
xe x + x 2 e x + 1 − xe x − ln x x 2 e x + 1 − ln x
42) y ′ = ⎝
x⎠
= =
x2 x2 x2
43) y ′ = 5 x ⋅ ln 5 ⋅ cos x + 5 x ⋅ (− sin x ) + ⋅ = 5 x (ln 5 ⋅ cos x − sin x ) +
1 1 1
x ln 3 x ln 3
44) y ′ =
( )
(2 ⋅ 2 x − 0) ⋅ (x − 3) − 2 x − 1 ⋅ (1 − 0) = 4 x(x − 3) − 2 x − 1 = 4 x 2 − 12 x − 2 x 2 + 1 ⇒
2 2
( )
(x − 3)2 (x − 3)2 (x − 3)2
2 x 2 − 12 x + 1
⇒ y′ =
(x − 3)2
45) y ′ =
( )
0 ⋅ x 2 + x + 1 − 1 ⋅ (2 x + 1 + 0 )
=
− 2x − 1
(x 2
+ x +1 )2
(x + x + 1)
2 2
−1
( ) ( ) ⇒ y ′ = (3 x − 0) ⋅ x + (x − 1) ⋅ x 2 ⇒
1 1
1
46) y = x 3 − 1 ⋅ x = x 3 − 1 ⋅ x 2 2 2 3
2
x3 −1
⇒ y ′ = 3x 2 x +
2 x
3x 5 − 2 x
( )
47) y ′ = 3 ⋅ 5 x 4 − 2 ⋅ arcsin x + 3x 5 − 2 x ⋅ ( ) 1
= (15 x 4 − 2) ⋅ arcsin x +
1− x2 1− x2
−1 1 ⎛ 1 ⎞ 1
48) y ′ = e x cot x + e x ⋅ 2 + = e x ⎜ cot x − ⎟+
sin x x ⎝ sin 2 x ⎠ x
49) y ′ = (5 x 4 + 2 − 0 ) ⋅ sin x + (x 5 + 2 x − 1) ⋅ cos x = (5 x 4 + 2) ⋅ sin x + (x 5 + 2 x − 1) ⋅ cos x
50) y ′ =
(1 − 3 cos x ) ⋅ (2 x + 2 sin x ) − (x − 3 sin x ) ⋅ (2 + 2 cos x ) ⇒
(2 x + 2 sin x )2
2 x + 2 sin x − 6 x cos x − 6 sin x cos x − 2 x − 2 x cos x + 6 sin x + 6 sin x cos x
⇒ y′ = ⇒
(2 x + 2 sin x )2
8 sin x − 8 x cos x 8(sin x − x cos x ) 2(sin x − x cos x )
⇒ y′ = = =
(2 x + 2 sin x )2 4( x + sin x )
2
(x + sin x )2
51) y ′ =
(6 ⋅ 3x 2 − 5)⋅ x cos x − (6 x 3 − 5x )⋅ (1 ⋅ cos x + x ⋅ (− sin x)) ⇒
(x cos x )2
⇒ y′ =
(18x 2 − 5)⋅ x cos x − (6 x 3 − 5x )⋅ (cos x − x sin x ) ⇒
x 2 cos 2 x
18 x 3 cos x − 5 x cos x − 6 x 3 cos x + 6 x 4 sin x + 5 x cos x − 5 x 2 sin x
⇒ y′ = ⇒
x 2 cos 2 x
12 x 3 cos x + 6 x 4 sin x − 5 x 2 sin x x 2 (12 x cos x + (6 x 2 − 5)sin x )
⇒ y′ = = ⇒
x 2 cos 2 x x 2 cos 2 x
12 x cos x + (6 x 2 − 5)sin x
⇒ y′ =
cos 2 x
52) y ′ =
(1 − (1 + tan 2 x ))⋅ (x + tan x ) − (x − tan x ) ⋅ (1 + 1 + tan 2 x ) ⇒
(x + tan x )2
− tan 2 x ⋅ ( x + tan x ) − ( x − tan x ) ⋅ (2 + tan 2 x )
⇒ y′ = ⇒
(x + tan x )2
− x tan 2 x − tan 3 x − 2 x − x tan 2 x + 2 tan x + tan 3 x
⇒ y′ = ⇒
(x + tan x )2
− 2 x tan 2 x − 2 x + 2 tan x
⇒ y′ =
(x + tan x )2
53) y ′ = (− sin x ) ⋅ ln x + cos x ⋅ = − sin x ⋅ ln x +
1 cos x
x x
2x 5x
2 x ln 2 log 2 x − 5 x ln 5 log 2 x − +
⇒ y′ = x ln 2 x ln 2 ⇒
(log 2 x )2
⎛ 1 ⎞ x⎛ 1 ⎞
2 x ⎜ ln 2 log 2 x − ⎟+5 ⎜ − ln 5 log 2 x ⎟
⇒ y′ = ⎝
x ln 2 ⎠ ⎝ x ln 2 ⎠
(log 2 x ) 2
1
56) y ′ = 2 x ln x sin x + x 2 ⋅ ⋅ sin x + x 2 ln x cos x = 2 x ln x sin x + x sin x + x 2 ln x cos x
x
( ) ( ) ( ) (
57) y ′ = 7 x 3 + 4 ⋅ 3x 2 + 0 = 7 x 3 + 4 ⋅ 3x 2 = 21x 2 x 3 + 4
6
) 6 6
cos(log x )
59) y ′ = cos(log x ) ⋅ ⋅
1 1
=
x ln 10 x ln 10
( )
60) y ′ = − sin 3 x − x − 2 ⋅ (3 ⋅ 2 x − 1 − 0) = − sin 3 x 2 − x − 2 ⋅ (6 x − 1)
2
( )
61) y ′ = 2 5 x
3
+ 2 x −1
(
⋅ ln 2 ⋅ 5 ⋅ 3 x 2 + 2 − 0 = 2 5 x ) 3
+ 2 x −1
(
⋅ ln 2 ⋅ 15 x 2 + 2 )
x
1 e
62) y ′ = ⋅ ex =
1+ e ( ) x 2 1 + e2x
3x 2 + 2 x
63) y ′ =
1
x3 + x2 + 2
3 x 2
+ 2 x + 0 = (
x3 + x2 + 2
)
1 2x
64) y ′ = ⋅ 2x =
1− x2
2
( )1− x4
65) y ′ =
1
⋅
( )
(2 x + 0) ⋅ x 3 − x 2 + 1 ⋅ 3x 2 ⋅ e cos x + ln⎛⎜ x 2 + 1 ⎞⎟ ⋅ e cos x ⋅ (− sin x) ⇒
⎜ x3 ⎟
x2 +1
3
x3
2
( ) ⎝ ⎠
x
x 3 2 x 4 − 3 x 4 − 3 x 2 cos x ⎛ x 2 + 1 ⎞ cos x
⇒ y′ = 2 ⋅ ⋅ e − ln ⎜⎜ 3 ⎟⎟ ⋅ e ⋅ sin x ⇒
x +1 x6 ⎝ x ⎠
⇒ y′ = 6 2
(
x 5 − x 2 − 3 cos x
⋅e
)
⎛ x 2 + 1 ⎞ cos x
− ln⎜⎜ 3 ⎟⎟ ⋅ e ⋅ sin x ⇒
x x +1 ( )⎝ x ⎠
⎛ − x2 − 3 ⎛ x2 +1⎞ ⎞ cos x
⇒ y ′ = ⎜⎜ − ⎜ ⎟ ⋅ ⎟⋅e
⎝ x x (
2
+ 1
ln
⎝ )
⎜ x3 ⎟
⎠
sin x ⎟
⎠
1
e x − e −x ⎛ e x − e −x ⎞2
66) y = =⎜ ⎟⎟ ⇒
e x + e − x ⎜⎝ e x + e − x ⎠
−1
1 ⎛ e x − e −x
⇒ y ′ = ⋅ ⎜⎜ x
( )(
⎞ 2 e x − e − x (−1) ⋅ e x + e − x − e x − e − x ⋅ e x + e − x (−1)
⎟⎟ ⋅
) (
⇒
)( )
2 ⎝ e + e −x ⎠ e x + e −x
2
( )
1
⇒ y′ = ⋅
1
⋅
e +e ( x −x
)⋅ (e x
+e −x
) − (e x
−e −x
)⋅ (e x
− e−x )⇒
2 e −e
x − x
(e x
+e −x 2
)
e x + e −x
1 e x + e−x e x + e−x − e x − e−x
⇒ y′ = ⋅ x ⋅
( ) (
2
) 2
⇒
2 e − e −x e x + e −x
2
( )
1 e x + e − x e 2 x + 2e x e − x + e −2 x − e 2 x − 2e x e − x + e −2 x
⇒ y′ = ⋅ x ⋅ ⇒
( )
2 e − e −x e x + e−x
2
( )
−x −2 x
1 e +e e x 2x
+2+e −e 2x
+ 2 − e −2 x
⇒ y′ = ⋅ x ⋅ ⇒
2 e −e −x
(e x
+ e −x ) 2
1 e x + e−x 4 2 e x + e−x
⇒ y′ = ⋅ x ⋅ =
2 e − e −x e x + e −x 2 ( e x + e −x
2
)e x − e−x ( )
67) y ′ =
1
⋅
(1 + 0) ⋅ (1 − 2 x ) − (x + 2) ⋅ (0 − 2) ⇒
⎛ x+2 ⎞
2
(1 − 2 x )2
1+ ⎜ ⎟
⎝ 1 − 2x ⎠
1 1 − 2x + 2x + 4 5
⇒ y′ = ⋅ = ⇒
1+
( x + 2)
2
(1 − 2x)
2
(1 − 2 x ) + (x + 2)
2 2
(1 − 2 x )2
5 5 5 1
⇒ y′ = = = =
1 − 4x + 4x + x + 4x + 4 5 + 5x
2 2 2
5⋅ 1+ x 2
1+ x2 ) (
2 cos(x )
( ) ( ) ( ) ⋅ 2 x = −2 x sin (x ) ⋅ ln (x ) +
2
1
68) y ′ = − sin x ⋅ 2 x ⋅ ln x + cos x ⋅ 2
2 2 2 2 2
x x
′
1
′ −
69) y ′ = 5 x ln 5 ⋅ ⎜ ⎟ = 5 x ln 5 ⋅ (x −1 ) = 5 x ln 5 ⋅ (−1) x − 2 =
1 1 1
⎛ 1 ⎞ 5 x
ln 5
⎝ x⎠
2
x
70) y ′ =
( ( ))
− sin x ⋅ 2 x ⋅ cos x − cos x ⋅ 2 cos x ⋅ (− sin x )
2 2 2
( )
⇒
cos 2 x
2
( )
⇒ y′ =
( ( )
2 cos x ⋅ − x sin x 2 cos x + cos x 2 sin x
=
( )
2 cos x 2 sin x − x sin x 2 cos x ) ( ( ) ( ) )
cos 4 x cos 3 x
( ) ( ( ))
71) y = tan x 4 = tan x 4
1
2 ( ( )) )⋅ 4 x ⇒
⇒ y′ =
1
2
( ( ))
−1
(
⋅ tan x 4 2 ⋅ 1 + tan x 4
2 3
⇒ y′ =
1
⋅ (1 + tan (x ))
( )) 2 4
⋅ 4x3 =
(2 x 3 1 + tan 2 x 4
2 tan (x ) 4
( ) tan x 4
72) y ′ = cos(2 x + x ) ⋅ 2(2 x + x ) ⋅ (2 ⋅ 3x + 1) = cos(2 x + x ) ⋅ 2(2 x + x ) ⋅ (6 x + 1) ⇒
3 2 3 2 3 2 3 2
1 1 1 1
74) y ′ = ⋅ = ⋅
1+ ( ln x )
2
2 ln x x 2 x ln x ⋅ (1 + ln x )
75) y ′ =
1
( ( )) (
⋅ − sin x 2 e x ⋅ 2 xe x + x 2 e x = ) ( )
− 2 x + x 2 ⋅ e x sin x 2 e x ( )
2 cos x e ( 2 x
) 2 cos x e ( 2 x
)
76) y ′ =
1
⋅
1
⋅
(0 − (− sin x) ) ⋅ (1 + cos x ) − (1 − cos x ) ⋅ (0 − sin x ) ⇒
1 − cos x
2
1 − cos x (1 + cos x )2
1 + cos x 1 + cos x
1 sin x ⋅ (1 + cos x ) + (1 − cos x ) ⋅ sin x sin x ⋅ (1 + cos x + 1 − cos x )
⇒ y′ = ⋅ = ⇒
1 − cos x (1 + cos x ) 2
2 ⋅ (1 − cos x ) ⋅ (1 + cos x )
2⋅
1 + cos x
2 sin x sin x 1
⇒ y′ = = =
(
2 ⋅ 1 − cos x sin x sin x
2 2
)
′
1 1 ⎛ 1 − sin (2 x ) ⎞
77) y ′ = ⋅ ⋅ ⎜⎜ ⎟⎟ ⇒
⎛ 1 − sin (2 x ) ⎞ 2 1 − sin (2 x ) ⎝ 1 + sin (2 x ) ⎠
2
1 + ⎜⎜ ⎟
1 + sin (2 x )
⎝ 1 + sin (2 x ) ⎟
⎠
− cos(2 x ) ⋅ 2 ⋅ (1 + sin (2 x )) − (1 − sin (2 x )) ⋅ cos(2 x ) ⋅ 2
⇒ y′ = ⇒
1 − sin (2 x ) ⎛ 1 − sin (2 x ) ⎞
⋅ ⎜1 + ⎟ ⋅ (1 + sin (2 x ))
2
2
1 + sin (2 x ) ⎜⎝ 1 + sin (2 x ) ⎟⎠
2 ⋅ (− cos(2 x ) − cos(2 x )sin (2 x ) − cos(2 x ) + sin (2 x ) cos(2 x ))
⇒ y′ = ⇒
1 − sin (2 x ) 1 + sin (2 x ) + 1 − sin (2 x )
⋅ ⋅ (1 + sin (2 x ))
2
2
1 + sin (2 x ) 1 + sin (2 x )
− 2 cos(2 x ) − cos(2 x )
⇒ y′ = =
1 − sin (2 x ) 1 − sin (2 x )
⋅ 2 ⋅ (1 + sin (2 x )) (1 + sin (2 x )) ⋅
1 + sin (2 x ) 1 + sin (2 x )
− ⋅ (1 + ln x ) − (1 − ln x ) ⋅
1 1
1 1 − 1 − ln x − 1 + ln x
78) y ′ = ⋅ x x = ⋅ ⇒
2
1 − ln x (1 + ln x )
2
2
1 − ln x x(1 + ln x )
2
1 + ln x 1 + ln x
1 −2 −1 1 + ln x
⇒ y′ = ⋅ =
1 − ln x x(1 + ln x ) x(1 + ln x ) 1 − ln x
2 2
2
1 + ln x
79) y ′ =
1
⋅
1
⋅
(e x
)( ) (
− e − x (−1) ⋅ e x + e − x − e x − e − x ⋅ e x + e − x (−1) )( )⇒
e −e
x −x
2
e −ex −x
(e x
+e −x 2
)
e x + e −x e x + e−x
⇒ y′ =
1
⋅
(
e x + e−x − e x − e−x
⇒
) (
2
) 2
2 x
e x − e −x e x
+ e −x 2
( )
e + e−x
⇒ y′ =
(
e 2 x + 2e x e − x + e −2 x − e 2 x − 2e x e − x + e −2 x
⇒
)
(
2 e x − e−x e x + e−x )( )
e 2 x + 2 + e −2 x − e 2 x + 2 − e −2 x 4 2
⇒ y′ = = = 2x
2 e −e
2x
(
−2 x
2 e −e
2x
) −2 x
e − e −2 x ( )
⎛1⎞ 1 ⎛1⎞ x 1
80) y ′ = 1 ⋅ arctan⎜ ⎟ + x ⋅ ⋅ (−1) x − 2 = arctan⎜ ⎟ − ⋅ 2 ⇒
⎝ x⎠ ⎝ x ⎠ 1+ 1 x
2
⎛1⎞
1+ ⎜ ⎟
⎝ x⎠ x2
⎛1⎞ x
⇒ y ′ = arctan⎜ ⎟ − 2
⎝ x ⎠ x +1
1 ⎛ 1 1 ⎞ 1 ⎛ x ⎞
81) y ′ = ⋅ ⎜⎜1 + ⋅ ⋅ 2 x ⎟⎟ = ⋅ ⎜1 + 2 ⎟⇒
x + ln x 2 + 1 ⎝ x2 +1 2 x2 +1 ⎠ x + ln x 2
+ 1 ⎝ x + 1 ⎠
1 x +1+ x
2
x + x +1
2
⇒ y′ =
x + ln x + 1 2
⋅
x +1
2
=
(
x + 1 ⋅ x + ln x 2 + 1
2
)( )
1 1 1 ⋅ (1 − x ) − (1 + x ) ⋅ (−1) 1 1− x +1+ x
82) y ′ = ⋅ ⋅ = ⋅ ⇒
1+ x
2
1+ x (1 − x)
2
2
1+ x (1 − x ) 2
1− x 1− x 1− x
2 1
⇒ y′ = =
2(1 + x ) ⋅ (1 − x ) 1 − x 2
⎛
⎜
⎜
1
+
⋅ 2 x + 1
⎞
⎟ ⋅ 1+ x2 − x − 1+ x2 + x ⋅⎜
⎟ ( ⎛
⎜
1
+
)(
⋅ 2 x − 1
⎞
⎟
⎟ )
⋅⎝ ⎠ ⎝ ⎠⇒
2 2
1 2 1 x 2 1 x
83) y ′ =
1+ x + x
2
1+ x − x
2
2
( )
1+ x − x
2
⎛
⎜
⎜
1+ x
x
+ 1
⎞
(
⎟ ⋅ 1+ x2 − x − 1+ x2 + x ⋅ ⎜
⎟ )( ⎛
⎜
x
− 1
⎞
⎟
⎟ )
⇒ y′ = ⎝ ⎠ ⎝ 1+ x ⎠⇒
2 2
(
1+ x + x ⋅ 1+ x − x
2 2
)( )
( − x )− ( 1 + x ) x −1 +1 +x x
x + 1+ x2 2
⋅ 1+ x2 2
+x ⋅
1+ x2 2
⇒ y′ = ⇒
1+ x2 − x2
⇒ y′ =
( )(
1+ x2 + x ⋅ 1+ x2 − x − x + 1+ x2 ⋅ x − 1+ x2 )( )( )⇒
1+ x 2
⇒ y′ =
(1 + x 2 2
) (
− x − x − 1+ x2 2
( )) = 1 − (x 2
−1− x2 )= 2
1+ x2 1+ x2 1+ x2
(3 x
ln 3 ⋅ x 3 + 3 x ⋅ 3x 2 ⋅ 3x − 3 x ⋅ x 3 ⋅ ) 1
⋅3
2 3x
84) y ′ = ⇒
( 3x ) 2
(3 x
ln 3 ⋅ x 3 + 3 x ⋅ 3 x 2 ⋅ 2 3 x ) ( )
2
− 3 x ⋅ 3x 3
2 3x
⇒ y′ = ⇒
3x
⇒ y′ =
(
3 ln 3 ⋅ x + 3 ⋅ 3 x 2 ⋅ 6 x − 3 x ⋅ 3 x 3
x 3 x
) =
3 x ln 3 ⋅ 6 x 4 + 3 x ⋅ 18 x 3 − 3 x ⋅ 3 x 3
⇒
6 x 3x 6 x 3x
3 x 3 (2 x ln 3 + 6 − 1)
3 x
x 2 3 x (2 ln 3 ⋅ x + 5)
⇒ y′ = =
6 x 3x 2 3x
85) y ′ =
1
⋅
3x x − 4 − x ⋅ 2 x
2 2 3
=
(
3 x 4 − 12 x 2 − 2 x 4
⇒
)
2 2
x3 x2 − 4
2
( )
2 x −4 ⋅ 2
2 2 ( x3 )
x −4 x −4
⇒ y′ =
(x − 12 x ) x − 4 = x (x − 12) x − 4 = x(x − 12) x
4 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
−4
2(x − 4) ⋅ x 2(x − 4) ⋅ x x 2(x − 4 ) ⋅
2 2 3 2 2 2 2
x
86) y ′ =
(1 ⋅ cos(2 x ) + x ⋅ (− sin (2 x )) ⋅ 2) ⋅ tan (3x ) − x cos(2 x ) ⋅ (1 + (tan (3x ))2 )⋅ 3 ⇒
(tan (3x ))2
⇒ y′ =
(cos(2 x ) − 2 x sin (2 x )) ⋅ tan (3x ) − 3x cos(2 x ) ⋅ (1 + tan 2 (3x ))
tan 2 (3x )
87) y ′ = 2 cos (5 x ) ln 2 ⋅ (− sin (5 x )) ⋅ 5 = −5 ln 2 ⋅ 2 cos (5 x ) sin (5 x )
2x
⋅ (2 x + 5) − x − 1 ⋅ 2 2 (
2 x 2 + 5x − 2 x 2 − 1 )2
88) y ′ =
2 x2 −1
=
x2 −1
=
(
2 x 2 + 5x − 2 x 2 − 1 )⇒
(2 x + 5) 2
(2 x + 5)2 (2 x + 5) 2
⋅ x −1
2
2 x + 5x − 2 x + 2
2 2
5x + 2
⇒ y′ = =
(2 x + 5)2 ⋅ x2 −1 (2 x + 5)2 ⋅ x 2 − 1
1 ⋅ cos x − x ⋅ (− sin x ) cos x ⋅ (cos x + x sin x )
x x
1
89) y ′ = e cos x
⋅ ⋅ = e cos x ⋅
2
x cos x 2 x cos 2 x
2
cos x
4x3
( )( ) 2 41x+ x
3
⋅ 1+ x4 −1 − 1+ 1+ x4 ⋅
1 1 2 1+ x4 4
90) y ′ = ⋅ ⋅ ⇒
1+ 1+ x 4
2
1+ 1+ x 4
( 1 + x − 1)
4
2
1+ x −1 4
1+ x −1
4
1
2x3
1+ x 4
(
⋅ 1+ x4 −1−1− 1+ x4 )
⇒ y′ = ⋅ ⇒
2⋅
1+ 1+ x4 ( 1 + x − 1)
4
2
1+ x −1 4
− 2x3 − 2 x3
1+ x4 1+ x4 − 2x3 −2
⇒ y′ =
(1 + 1+ x4 ⋅ 1+ x4 −1 )( ) = 4
=
1+ x −1 x4 1+ x4
=
x 1+ x4
x
(−1) ⎛ − ln (5 sin x ) cos x ⎞
⇒ ⋅ y ′ = 2 ⋅ ln(5 sin x ) + ⋅
1 1 1
⋅ 5 cos x ⇒ y ′ = y ⋅ ⎜ + ⎟⇒
y x x 5 sin x ⎝ x2 x sin x ⎠
⎛ − ln (5 sin x ) cos x ⎞
⇒ y ′ = x 5 sin x ⋅ ⎜ + ⎟
⎝ x2 x sin x ⎠
1 1
92) ln y = ln x cos x ⇒ ln y = cos x ⋅ ln x ⇒ ⋅ y ′ = − sin x ⋅ ln x + cos x ⋅ ⇒
y x
⎛ cos x ⎞ cos x ⎛ cos x ⎞
⇒ y ′ = y ⋅ ⎜ − sin x ⋅ ln x + ⎟ ⇒ y′ = x ⋅ ⎜ − sin x ⋅ ln x + ⎟
⎝ x ⎠ ⎝ x ⎠
93) ln y = ln (ln x ) ⇒ ln y = e x ⋅ ln (ln x ) ⇒ ⋅ y ′ = e x ⋅ ln (ln x ) + e x ⋅
ex 1 1 1
⋅ ⇒
y ln x x
⎛ ex ⎞ ⎛ 1 ⎞
⇒ y ′ = y ⋅ ⎜⎜ e x ⋅ ln (ln x ) + ⎟⎟ ⇒ y ′ = (ln x )e ⋅ e x ⎜ ln (ln x ) +
x
⎟
⎝ x ln x ⎠ ⎝ x ln x ⎠
ln (1 − x )
( ) ( )
1
1
94) ln y = ln 1 − x ln (1+ x ) ⇒ ln y = ⋅ ln 1 − x ⇒ ln y =
⇒
ln (1 + x ) ln (1 + x )
⋅ ln (1 + x ) − ln (1 − x )⋅
1 (−1) 1 1
⋅ ⋅
1 1− x 2 x 1+ x 2 x
⇒ ⋅ y′ = ⇒
y (ln(1 + x )) 2
− (1 + x )⋅ ln (1 + x ) − (1 − x )⋅ ln (1 − x )
⇒ y′ = y ⋅
(1 − x )⋅ (1 + x )⋅ 2 x ⇒
(ln(1 + x )) 2
− (ln (1 + x ) + ln (1 − x )) + x ⋅ (ln (1 − x ) − ln (1 + x ))
⇒ y ′ = (1 − x ) ( ) ⋅
1
ln 1+ x ⇒
(1 − x ) ⋅ 2 x ⋅ (ln (1 + x ))
2
( ((
− ln 1 + x ⋅ 1 − x + x ⋅ ln⎜⎜ )(⎛1− x ⎞
⎟
⎟ )))
( ) +
1
⇒ y ′ = 1 − x ln (1+ x) ⋅ ⎝ 1 x ⎠⇒
(1 − x ) ⋅ 2 x ⋅ ln 1 + x
2
( ( ))
⎛1− x ⎞
− ln(1 − x ) + x ⋅ ln⎜⎜ ⎟
⎟
( ) +
1
⇒ y ′ = 1 − x ln (1+ x) ⋅ ⎝ 1 x ⎠
(1 − x ) ⋅ 2 ( ( )) x ⋅ ln 1 + x
2
ln (ln x )
⋅ 2 x ⋅ ln (x 2 ) − ln x 2 − 1 ⋅
1 1 1
⋅ ⋅ 2x
ln x − 1 2
x2 −1 2 x2 −1 x2
⇒y= ⇒ y′ = ⇒
ln (x 2 ) (ln(x )) 2 2
x ln (x ) 2 ln x − 1 x ln (x ) − (x − 1) ⋅ ln (
−
2 2 2 2 2
x2 −1 )
2
x − 1 2
x x ⋅ (x − 1) 2
⇒ y′ = = ⇒
ln (x ) 2 2
ln (x ) 2 2
x ln (x ) − (x − 1) ⋅ ln (x − 1)
2 2 2 2
⇒ y′ =
x ⋅ (x − 1) ⋅ ln (x )
2 2 2
⇒ y′ = 1 + x
2
−
sin x =
(1 + x 2 )⋅ sin x ⇒
(ln(sin x ))2 ln 2 (sin x )
⇒ y′ =
x ln (sin x ) ⋅ sin x − ln 1 + x 2 ⋅ cos x ⋅ 1 + x 2 ( )
( )
1 + x 2 ⋅ sin x ⋅ ln 2 (sin x )
98) y = log arctan x (x 2 ) ⇒ (arctan x ) = x 2 ⇒ ln (arctan x ) = ln (x 2 ) ⇒
y
( y
)
⇒ y ln (arctan x ) = 2 ln x ⇒ y =
2 ln x
⇒
ln (arctan x )
2 ln(arctan x ) 2 ln x
⋅ ln(arctan x ) − 2 ln x ⋅
2 1 1 −
⇒ y′ = x
⋅
arctan x 1 + x =2 x 1 + x ⋅ arctan x
2
⇒
( )
(ln(arctan x )) 2
ln (arctan x )
2
( )
2 1 + x 2 arctan x ⋅ ln(arctan x ) − 2 x ln x
⇒ y′ =
( )
x ⋅ 1 + x 2 arctan x
=
( )
2 1 + x 2 arctan x ⋅ ln(arctan x ) − 2 x ln x
ln 2 (arctan x ) ( )
x ⋅ 1 + x 2 arctan x ⋅ ln 2 (arctan x )
⎛ ⎞ xy ′
⋅ y ′ ⎟ − 6 x − 7(1 ⋅ y + xy ′) − 0 = 0 ⇒ 2 y +
1
99) 2⎜1 ⋅ y + x ⋅ − 6 x − 7 y − 7 xy ′ = 0 ⇒
⎜ ⎟
⎝ 2 y ⎠ y
xy ′ ⎛ x ⎞ 6x + 7 y − 2 y
⇒ − 7 xy ′ = 6 x + 7 y − 2 y ⇒ ⎜ − 7 x ⎟ y′ = 6x + 7 y − 2 y ⇒ y′ =
⎜ y ⎟ x
y ⎝ ⎠ − 7x
y
( )
100) 2 x ln 2 ⋅ y 2 + 2 x ⋅ 2 yy ′ − 2 y ln 2 ⋅ y ′ ⋅ x 2 + 2 y ⋅ 2 x = 1 ⋅ y + xy ′ ⇒
⇒ 2 x ln 2 ⋅ y 2 + 2 x ⋅ 2 yy ′ − 2 y ln 2 ⋅ y ′ ⋅ x 2 − 2 y ⋅ 2 x = y + xy ′ ⇒
⇒ 2 x ⋅ 2 yy ′ − 2 y ln 2 ⋅ y ′ ⋅ x 2 − xy ′ = y − 2 x ln 2 ⋅ y 2 + 2 y ⋅ 2 x ⇒
( )
⇒ 2 x ⋅ 2 y − 2 y ln 2 ⋅ x 2 − x y ′ = y − 2 x ln 2 ⋅ y 2 + 2 y ⋅ 2 x ⇒
y − 2 ln 2 ⋅ y + 2 ⋅ 2 x
x 2 y
⇒ y′ =
2 x ⋅ 2 y − 2 y ln 2 ⋅ x 2 − x
− 2x − 3
101) 2 x + 2 yy ′ + 3 − 5 y ′ = 0 ⇒ 2 yy ′ − 5 y ′ = −2 x − 3 ⇒ y ′ =
2y − 5
102)
1
⋅
(1 + y ′) ⋅ (x 2 − y 3 ) − (x + y ) ⋅ (2 x − 3 y 2 y ′) = 0 ⇒
x+ y (x2 − y3 )
2
x2 − y3
x 2 − y 3 + (x 2 − y 3 )y ′ − 2 x 2 + 3xy 2 y ′ − 2 xy + 3 y 3 y ′
⇒ =0⇒
(x + y ) ⋅ (x 2 − y 3 )
x 2 + 2 xy + y 3
⇒ (x 2 − y 3 + 3 xy 2 + 3 y 3 )y ′ − x 2 − 2 xy − y 3 = 0 ⇒ y ′ =
x 2 + 3xy 2 + 2 y 3
103) cos( x + y ) ⋅ (1 + y ′) + e y ⋅ y ′ = y ′ ⇒ cos( x + y ) + cos( x + y ) ⋅ y ′ + e y ⋅ y ′ − y ′ = 0 ⇒
− cos( x + y )
( )
⇒ cos( x + y ) + e y − 1 y ′ = − cos( x + y ) ⇒ y ′ =
cos(x + y ) + e y − 1
104) 2 x + 2 ⋅ (1 ⋅ y + xy ′) + 2 yy ′ + y ′ − 1 = 0 ⇒ 2 x + 2 y + 2 xy ′ + 2 yy ′ + y ′ − 1 = 0 ⇒
1 − 2x − 2 y
⇒ 2 xy ′ + 2 yy ′ + y ′ = 1 − 2 x − 2 y ⇒ (2 x + 2 y + 1) y ′ = 1 − 2 x − 2 y ⇒ y ′ =
1 + 2x + 2 y
3x 2 − y 2
105) 1 ⋅ y + x ⋅ 2 yy ′ − 3 x 2 + y ′ − 0 = 0 ⇒ (2 xy + 1) y ′ = 3 x 2 − y 2 ⇒ y ′ =
2
2 xy + 1
y = ax y ′ = a x ⋅ ln a y = a f ( x) y ′ = a f ( x ) ⋅ ln a ⋅ f ′( x)
Si a = e y = e x y′ = e x Si a = e y = e f ( x ) y ′ = e f ( x ) ⋅ f ′( x)
1 1 1 1
y = log a x y′ = ⋅ y = log a f ( x) y′ = ⋅ ⋅ f ′( x)
x ln a f ( x) ln a
1 Si a = e 1
Si a = e y = ln x y′ = y′ = ⋅ f ′( x)
x y = ln f ( x) f ( x)
y = sin x y ′ = cos x y = sin f ( x) y ′ = cos f ( x) ⋅ f ′( x)
y = cos x y ′ = − sin x y = cos f ( x) y ′ = − sin f ( x) ⋅ f ′( x)
f ′( x)
y = tan x y ′ = 1 + tan 2 x =
1
y = tan f ( x) ( )
y ′ = 1 + tan 2 f ( x) ⋅ f ′( x) =
cos 2 x cos 2 f ( x)
− f ′( x)
y = cot x (
y ′ = − 1 + cot 2 x = )−1
y = cot f ( x) ( )
y ′ = − 1 + cot 2 f ( x) ⋅ f ′( x) =
sin 2 x sin 2 f ( x)
1 1
y = arcsin x y′ = y = arcsin f ( x) y′ = ⋅ f ′( x)
1− x2 1 − ( f ( x) )
2
−1 −1
y = arccos x y′ = y = arccos f ( x) y′ = ⋅ f ′( x)
1− x2 1 − ( f ( x) )
2
1 1
y = arctan x y′ = y = arctan f ( x) y′ = ⋅ f ′( x)
1 + ( f ( x) )
2
1+ x2
−1 −1
y = arccot x y′ = y = arccot f (x) y′ = ⋅ f ′( x)
1 + ( f ( x) )
2
1+ x2
Propiedades
• y = f ( x) ± g ( x) ï y ′ = f ′( x) ± g ′( x)
• y = k ⋅ f (x) ï y ′ = k ⋅ f ′(x)
• y = f ( x) ⋅ g ( x) ï y ′ = f ′( x) ⋅ g ( x) + f ( x) ⋅ g ′( x)
f ( x) f ′( x) ⋅ g ( x) − f ( x) ⋅ g ′( x)
• y= ï y′ =
g ( x) ( g ( x ) )2