EJERCICIOS

1.-
𝑑𝑦
= 𝑠𝑒𝑛(5𝑥)
𝑑𝑥
𝑑𝑦 = 𝑠𝑒𝑛 (5𝑥)𝑑𝑛

∫ 𝑑𝑦 = ∫ 𝑠𝑒𝑛 (5𝑥)𝑑𝑥

u= 5x du= 5dx
1
𝑦= ∫ 𝑠𝑒𝑛 (𝑢)𝑑𝑢
2
1
𝑦= = (− cos 𝑢 + 𝑐)
5

3.-
𝑑𝑥 + 𝑒 3𝑥 𝑑𝑦 = 0
𝑑𝑥 = −𝑒 3𝑥 𝑑𝑦
𝑑𝑥
− = 𝑑𝑦
𝑒 3𝑥

− ∫ 𝑒 −3𝑥 𝑑𝑥 = ∫ 𝑑𝑦

𝑐 − 𝑒 3𝑥 = 𝑦

5.-
𝑑𝑦
𝑥 = 4𝑦
𝑑𝑥
𝑥𝑑𝑦 = 4𝑦𝑑𝑥
𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑥
=
4𝑦 𝑥
1 𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑥
∫ =∫
4 𝑦 𝑥
1
ln(𝑦) = 𝑙𝑛𝑥 + 𝑐
4
1
𝑦 4 = 𝑥𝑒 𝑐
2.-
𝑑𝑦
= (𝑥 + 1)2
𝑑𝑥

∫ 𝑑𝑦 2 = ∫ 𝑥 2 + 2𝑥 + 1 𝑑𝑥

𝑥3
𝑦= + 𝑥2 + 𝑥 + 𝑐
3

4.-
𝑑𝑦 − (𝑦 − 1)2 𝑑𝑥 = 0
𝑑𝑦
∫ = ∫ 𝑑𝑥
(𝑦 − 1)2
1
− 𝑓𝑐 = 𝑥
𝑦−1

6.-
𝑑𝑦
+ 2𝑥𝑦 2 = 0
𝑑𝑥
𝑑𝑦
= −2𝑥𝑦 2
𝑑𝑥
 𝑑𝑦
∫ = −2 ∫ 𝑥𝑑𝑥
𝑦2
1
− = −𝑥 2 + 𝑐
𝑦
1
= 𝑥2 + 𝑐
𝑦

7.-
𝑑𝑦
= 𝑒 3𝑥+2𝑦
𝑑𝑥
𝑑𝑦
∫ = ∫ 𝑒 3𝑥 𝑑𝑥
𝑒 2𝑦
𝑒 −2𝑦 = 𝑒 3𝑥 + 𝑐
−2𝑦 = ln(𝑒 3𝑥 + 𝑐)
−2𝑦 = 3𝑥𝑙𝑛(𝑐)
3𝑦𝑙𝑛(𝑐)
𝑦=
2

9.-
𝑑𝑥 𝑦+1 2
𝑦𝑙𝑛(𝑥) =( )
𝑑𝑦 𝑥
(𝑦 + 1)2
∫ 𝑥 2 ln(𝑥) 𝑑𝑥 = ∫ 𝑑𝑦
𝑦
1
𝑢 = 𝑥2 𝑢=
𝑥
𝑑𝑢 = 2𝑥𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 = 𝑙𝑛 + 𝑑𝑥
𝑥2 1 𝑦 2 + 2𝑦 + 1𝑑𝑦
− ∫ 2𝑥𝑑𝑥 = ∫
𝑥 𝑥 𝑦
𝑦2
𝑥 − (2𝑥 + 𝑐) = + 2𝑦 + 𝑙𝑛(𝑦)
2
𝑦
−𝑥 + 𝑐 = 𝑦 ( + 2) + 𝑙𝑛𝑦
2
11.-
𝑐𝑠𝑐𝑦 𝑑𝑥 + 𝑠𝑒𝑐 2 + 𝑑𝑦 = 0
csc 𝑦 𝑑𝑥 = −𝑐𝑜𝑠 2𝑥 𝑑𝑦

∫ −𝑠𝑒𝑐 2𝑥 𝑑𝑥 = ∫ 𝑠𝑒𝑛 𝑦 𝑑𝑦

− tan(𝑥) + 𝑐 = − cos 𝑦
cos(𝑦) = tan(𝑥) + 𝑐
8.-
𝑑𝑦
𝑦𝑒 𝑥 = 𝑒 −𝑦 + 𝑒 −2𝑥−𝑦
𝑑𝑥
𝑦𝑒 𝑥 𝑑𝑦 = 𝑒 −𝑦 (1 + 𝑒 −2𝑥 )𝑑𝑥
𝑦𝑑𝑦 1 + 𝑒 −2𝑥 𝑑𝑥
∫ −𝑦 = ∫
𝑒 𝑒𝑥
1 3
𝑒 𝑦 (𝑦 − 1) = − −𝑥
− 3𝑥 + 𝑐
𝑒 𝑒

10.-
𝑑𝑦 2𝑦 + 3 2
=( )
𝑑𝑥 4𝑥 + 5
𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑥
∫ = ∫
(2𝑦 + 3)2 (4𝑥 + 5)2
−1 −1
=
2(2𝑦 + 3 4(4𝑥 + 5)
2(4𝑥 + 5) = 2 + 3
8𝑥 + 5 = 2𝑦 + 3
8𝑥 + 2
𝑦=
2
𝑦 = 4𝑥 + 1
12.-
sin(3𝑥) 𝑑𝑥 + 2𝑦𝑐𝑜𝑠 3 (3𝑥)𝑑𝑦 = 0
sin(3𝑥) 𝑑𝑥
∫ = ∫ −2𝑦𝑑𝑦
𝑐𝑜𝑠 3 (3𝑥)
−1
+ 𝑐 = −𝑦 2
6𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 (3𝑥)
1 1
𝑦=( + 𝑐) 2
6𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 (3𝑥)

13.-
(𝑒 𝑦 + 1)2 𝑐 −𝑦 𝑑𝑥 + (𝑒 𝑥 + 1)3 𝑒 −𝑥 𝑑𝑦 = 0
𝑒 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 𝑒 𝑦 𝑑𝑦
∫ 𝑥 =∫ 𝑦
(𝑒 + 1)3 (𝑒 + 1)2
𝑢 = 𝑒𝑥 + 1 𝑧 = 𝑒𝑦 + 1
𝑑𝑢 = 𝑒 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑧 = 𝑒 𝑦 𝑑𝑦
𝑑𝑢 𝑑𝑧
∫ 3
=∫
(𝑢) (𝑧)2
2 −1
𝑐− =
(𝑒 𝑥 + 1)2 𝑒 𝑦 + 1
1 2
= 𝑥 −𝑐
𝑒3 + 1 (𝑒 + 1)2
𝑙𝑛(𝑒 3 + 1)−1 = 2𝑙𝑛(𝑒 𝑥 + 1)−2 − 𝑐
2
−1
𝑙𝑛(𝑒 𝑥 + 1)−2
−(3)𝑙𝑛(1) =( )
ln(𝑐)

𝑥 −4 𝑙𝑛(1)−4
3 ln(1) =
ln(𝑒)

15.-
𝑑𝑠
= 𝑘𝑆
𝑑𝑟
 𝑑𝑠
∫ = ∫ 𝑘𝑑𝑟
𝑠
𝑐 + ln(𝑠) = 𝑘𝑟
𝑐 + ln(𝑠) = 𝑟

14.-
1 1
𝑥(1 + 𝑦 2 )2 𝑑𝑥 = 𝑦(1 + 𝑥 2 )2 𝑑𝑦
𝑥 𝑑𝑥 𝑦 𝑑𝑦
∫ 1 =∫ 1
(1 + 𝑥 2 )2 (1 + 𝑦 2 )2
1 1
(1 + 𝑥 2 )2 + 𝑐 = (1 + 𝑦 2 )2
1 2
𝑦 = ((1 + 𝑥 2 )2 + 𝑐) − 1

16.-
𝑑𝑄
𝑘(𝑄 − 70)
𝑑𝑡
𝑑𝑄
∫ = ∫ 𝑘𝑑𝑧
(𝑄 − 70)
𝑐 + ln(𝑄 − 70) 𝑘𝑡
ln(𝑄 − 70)
𝑐+ =𝑡
𝑘

17.-
𝑑𝑝
= 𝑝 − 𝑝2
𝑑𝑡
𝑑𝑝
∫ = ∫ 𝑑𝑡
𝑝 − 𝑝2
𝑑𝑝
∫ =𝑧
𝑝(1 − 𝑝)
𝑝 𝑝
+ = 𝐴 − 𝐴𝑝 + 𝐵𝑝
𝑝 1−𝑝
𝐴=1 − 𝐴𝑝 + 𝐵𝑝 = 0 𝐵=𝐴=1
1𝑑𝑝 1𝑑𝑝
∫ +∫ =𝑡
𝑝 1−𝑝
ln(𝑝) + ln(1 − 𝑝) + 𝑐 = 𝑡

19.-
𝑑𝑦 𝑥𝑦 + 3𝑥 − 𝑦 − 3
=
𝑑𝑥 𝑥𝑦 − 2𝑥 + 4𝑦 − 8
𝑑𝑦 𝑦(𝑥 − 1) + 3𝑥 − 3
=
𝑑𝑥 𝑥(𝑦 − 2) + 4𝑦 − 8
𝑑𝑦 𝑦(𝑥 − 1) + 3(𝑥 − 1)
=
𝑑𝑥 𝑥(𝑦 − 2) + 2(𝑦 − 4)
𝑑𝑦 (𝑦 + 3)(𝑥 + 1)
=
𝑑𝑥 (𝑥 + 2)(𝑦 − 4)
𝑦−4 𝑥−1
( )𝑑𝑦 = ( ) 𝑑𝑥
𝑦+3 𝑥+2
1 1
𝑦−4 𝑥−1
𝑦 + 3√ −𝑦 −3 𝑥 + 2√ −𝑥 −2
−7 −3

7 3
∫1 − 𝑑𝑦 = ∫ 1 − 𝑑𝑥
𝑦+3 𝑥+2
𝑦 − 7 ln(𝑦 + 3) = 𝑥 − 3 ln(𝑥 − 2) + 𝑐

18.-
𝑑𝑁
+ 𝑁 = 𝑁𝑡𝑒 𝑧+2
𝑑𝑡
𝑑𝑁
= 𝑁𝑡𝑒 𝑧+2 − 𝑁
𝑑𝑡
𝑑𝑁
∫ = ∫ 𝑡𝑒 𝑧+2 − 1𝑑𝑡
𝑁
𝑙𝑛𝑁 = 𝑒 𝑧+2 (𝑧 + 1) − 𝑡 + 𝑐
𝑡+2 )(𝑡−1)
𝑁 = 𝑒 (𝑒 − 𝑒𝑡 + 𝑐

20.-
𝑑𝑦 𝑥𝑦 + 2𝑦 − 𝑥 − 2
=
𝑑𝑥 𝑥𝑦 − 3𝑦 + 𝑥 − 3
𝑑𝑦 (𝑥 + 2)𝑦 − 𝑥 − 2
=
𝑑𝑥 𝑦(𝑥 − 3) + 𝑥 − 3
𝑑𝑦 (𝑥 + 2)(𝑦 − 1)
=
𝑑𝑥 (𝑥 − 3)(𝑦 + 1)
(𝑦 + 1) 𝑥−3
∫ 𝑑𝑦 = ∫ 𝑑𝑥
(𝑦 − 1) 𝑥+7
𝑦 − ln(𝑦 − 1) + ln(𝑦 − 1) = 𝑥 + 2 log(𝑥 + 2) − 3 ln(𝑥 + 2) + 𝑐
𝑦 = 𝑥 − 5 ln(𝑥 + 2) + 𝑐

21.-
𝑑𝑦
= 𝑥√1 − 𝑦 𝑧
𝑑𝑥
𝑑𝑦
∫ = ∫ 𝑥𝑑𝑥
√1 − 𝑦 𝑧−1

𝑥2
𝑎𝑟𝑐 𝑠𝑒𝑛 (𝑦) = +𝑐
2

23.-
𝑑𝑥 𝜋
= 4(𝑥 2 + 1) 𝑥( ) = 1
𝑑𝑦 4
𝑑𝑥
= 𝑑𝑦
4𝑥 2 + 4
 𝑑𝑥
∫ = ∫ 𝑑𝑦
4𝑥 2 + 4
1
𝑎𝑟𝑐 𝑡𝑔(𝑥) + 𝑐 = 𝑦
2
1 𝜋
𝑎𝑟𝑐 𝑡𝑔 ( ) + 𝑐 = 1
2 4
1 1
+𝑐 =1 𝑐=
2 2
1 1
𝑎𝑟𝑐 tan(𝑥) + = 𝑦
2 2

22.-
𝑑𝑦
(𝑒 𝑥 + 𝑒 −𝑥 ) = 𝑦2
𝑑𝑥
𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑥
∫ =
𝑦 2 𝑒 𝑥 + 𝑒 −𝑥
−1
= 𝑎𝑟𝑐 tan(𝑒 𝑥 ) + 𝑐
𝑦
−1
=𝑦
𝑎𝑟𝑐 tan(𝑒 𝑥 ) + 𝑐

24.-
𝑑𝑦 𝑦 2 − 1
= = 𝑦(2) = 2
𝑑𝑥 𝑥 2 − 1
 𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑥
∫ =∫ 2
𝑦2 −1 𝑥 −1
1 𝑦−1 1 𝑥−1
ln ( ) = ln ( )+𝑐
2 𝑦+1 2 𝑥+1
𝑦−1 𝑥−1
= +𝑐
𝑦+1 𝑥+1
2−1 2−1
= +𝑐
2+1 2+1
1 1
=3+𝑐
3

C=0
𝑦−1 𝑥−1
=
𝑦+1 𝑥+1

25.-
𝑑𝑦
𝑥2 = 𝑦 − 𝑥𝑦 𝑦(−1) = −1
𝑑𝑥
𝑑𝑦
𝑥2 = 𝑦(1 − 𝑥)
𝑑𝑥
𝑑𝑦 1 − 𝑥
= 2 𝑑𝑦
𝑦 𝑥
𝑑𝑦 1−𝑥
∫ = ∫ 2 𝑑𝑥
𝑦 𝑥
1
ln(𝑦) = − ln(𝑥) + 𝑐
𝑥
1
𝑦 = −𝑒 𝑥 − 𝑥 + 𝑐
1
−1 = 𝑒 −1 + 1 + 𝑐
𝑒 −1 − 2 = 𝑐
−1
𝑦 = 𝑒 𝑥 − 𝑥 + 𝑒 −1 − 2

27.-

2
√1 − 𝑦 2 𝑑𝑥 − √1 − 𝑥 2 𝑑𝑦 = 0 ; 𝑦(𝑜) = √
3

√1 − 𝑦 2 𝑑𝑥 = √1 − 𝑥 2 𝑑𝑦
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑦
∫ =∫
√1 − 𝑥 2 √1 − 𝑦 2

𝑎𝑟𝑐 𝑠𝑒𝑛(𝑥) + 𝑐 = 𝑎𝑟𝑐 𝑠𝑒𝑛 𝑦

𝑠𝑒𝑛(𝑎𝑟𝑐 𝑠𝑒𝑛(𝑥)) + 𝑐 = 𝑠𝑒𝑛(𝑎𝑟𝑐 𝑠𝑒𝑛(𝑦))

2
𝑥+𝑐 =𝑦 𝑜+𝑐 =√
3

√3
𝑥+ =𝑦
2
26.-
𝑑𝑦 5
+ 2𝑦 = 1 𝑦(𝑜) =
𝑑𝑡 2
𝑑𝑦
∫ = ∫ 𝑑𝑡
1 − 2𝑦
ln(1 − 2𝑦)
− =𝑡+𝑐
2
ln(1 − 2𝑦) = −2𝑡 + 𝑐
1 − 2𝑦 = 𝑒 −2𝑡 + 𝑐
𝑒 −2𝑡 + 𝑐 − 1
𝑦=
−2
5 𝑒𝑜 + 𝑐 − 1
=
2 −2
5 𝑐
=
2 −2
−5 = 𝑐
𝑒 −2𝑡 − 6
𝑦=
−2
𝑒 −2𝑡
𝑦= +3
−2

28.-
(1 + 𝑥 4 )𝑑𝑦 + 𝑥(1 + 4𝑦 2 )𝑑𝑥 = 0 ; 𝑦(1) = 0
(1 + 𝑥 4 )𝑑𝑦 = −𝑥(1 + 4𝑦 2 )𝑑𝑥
𝑑𝑦 𝑥 𝑑𝑥
2
=
1 + 𝑑𝑦 1 + 𝑥4
1
𝑎𝑟𝑐 tan(2𝑦) = 𝑎𝑟𝑐 tan(𝑥 2 ) + 𝑐
2
1
2𝑦 = tan ( 𝑎𝑟𝑐 tan(𝑥 2 )) + 𝑐
2
1
tan (2 𝑎𝑟𝑐 tan(𝑥 2 )) + 𝑐
𝑦=
2
1
tan (2 𝑎𝑟𝑐 tan(1)2 )
𝑜= +𝑐
2
𝜋
tan (8)
𝑜= +𝑐
2
√2 − 1
𝑜= +𝑐
2
1 √2
𝑐= −
2 2
1
tan(2 𝑎𝑟𝑐 tan(𝑥 2 )) 1√2
𝑦= +
2 2
29.-
𝑑𝑦 2
= 𝑦𝑒 −𝑥 𝑦(4) = 1
𝑑𝑥
𝑥 𝑥
𝑑𝑦 2
∫ = ∫ 𝑒 −𝑥 𝑑𝑥
4 𝑦 4
𝑥
2
𝑙𝑛𝑦 = ∫ 𝑒 −𝑥 𝑑𝑥
4
𝑥 −𝑥2
𝑦4 = 𝑒 ∫4 𝑒 𝑑𝑥

𝑥 −𝑥2
𝑦(𝑥) − 𝑦(4) = 𝑒 ∫4 𝑒 𝑑𝑥

𝑥 −𝑥2
𝑦(𝑥) = 1 + 𝑒 ∫4 𝑒 𝑑𝑥
30.-
𝑑𝑦 2 1
𝑦 𝑠𝑒𝑛(𝑥)2 𝑦(−2) =
𝑑𝑥 3
𝑑𝑦
∫ = ∫ 𝑠𝑒𝑛(𝑥)2 𝑑𝑥
𝑦2
1 𝑥 1
− = − 𝑠𝑒𝑛(2𝑥) + 𝑐
𝑦 2 4
1 1 𝑥
= 𝑠𝑒𝑛(2𝑥) − + 𝑐
𝑦 4 2
1 1 (−2𝑐)
= 𝑠𝑒𝑛(2(−2)) − +𝑐
3 4 2
1
3= 𝑠𝑒𝑛(−4) + 1 + 𝑐
4
𝑠𝑒𝑛(−4)
2− =𝑐
4
1 1 𝑥 𝑠𝑒𝑛(−4)
= 𝑠𝑒𝑛(2𝑥) − + 2 −
𝑦 4 2 4

Lista 2 makarenko pag 39

Ecuaciones con variable separable y ecuaciones reducibles a ellas
81- (1 + 𝑦 2 )𝑑𝑥 + (1 + 𝑥 2 )𝑑𝑦 = 0
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑦
∫ (1+𝑥 2 ) + ∫ (1+𝑦 2 ) = 0

arctan(𝑥) + arctan(𝑦) = 𝑐

82- (1 + 𝑦 2 )𝑑𝑥 + 𝑥𝑦 𝑑𝑦 = 0
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑦
∫ + ∫ 𝑦 (1+𝑦 2) = 0
𝑥

1
ln|𝑥| + ln|1 + 𝑦 2 | = 𝑐
2

ln|𝑥 2 | + ln|1 + 𝑦 2 | = 𝑐

ln|𝑥 2 ∗ |1 + 𝑦 2 || = 𝑐
2 ∗|1+𝑦 2 ||
𝑒 ln|𝑥 = 𝑒𝑐
𝑥 2 (1 + 𝑦 2 ) = 𝑐
𝑐
𝑦 = √𝑥 2 − 1

83- (𝑦 2 + 𝑥𝑦 2 )𝑦´ + 𝑥 2 − 𝑦𝑥 2 = 0
(𝑦 2 +𝑥𝑦 2 )𝑑𝑦
=−𝑥 2 + 𝑦𝑥 2
𝑑𝑥

𝑦 2 (1+𝑥 )𝑑𝑦
= 𝑥 2 (𝑦 − 1)
𝑑𝑥

𝑦2 𝑥2
∫ 𝑦−1 𝑑𝑦 − ∫ 𝑥+1 𝑑𝑥 = 0
1 1
∫ 𝑦 + 1 𝑑𝑦 ∫ 𝑦−1 𝑑𝑦 − ∫ 𝑥 − 1 𝑑𝑥 − ∫ 𝑥+1 𝑑𝑥 = 0

𝑦2 𝑥2
+ 𝑦 + ln|𝑦 − 1| − + 𝑥 − ln|𝑥 + 1| = 𝑐
2 2

84- (1 + 𝑦 2 )𝑑𝑥 = 𝑥𝑑𝑦

𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑦
∫ − ∫ (1+𝑦 2 ) = 0
𝑥

ln|𝑥| − arctan(𝑦) = 𝑐
𝑦 = arctan(ln|𝑐𝑥|)

85- 𝑥√1 − 𝑦 2 𝑑𝑥 + 𝑦√1 − 𝑥 2 𝑑𝑦 = 0

 𝑥 𝑦
∫ √1−𝑥 2 𝑑𝑥 + ∫ √1−𝑦 2 𝑑𝑦 = 0

𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑏𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑏 𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑐∗𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑐
∫ 𝑑𝑏 + ∫ 𝑑𝑐 = 0
𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑏 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑐

−𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑏 − 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑐 = 𝑐

√1 − 𝑦 2 + √1 − 𝑥 2 = 𝑐

86- 𝑥√1 + 𝑦 2 + 𝑦𝑦´√1 + 𝑥 2 = 0

𝑥 𝑦
∫ √1+𝑥 2 𝑑𝑥 + ∫ √1+𝑦 2 𝑑𝑦 = 0

sec2 𝑏∗𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑏 sec2 𝑐∗𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑐

∫ 𝑠𝑒𝑐𝑏
𝑑𝑏 + ∫ 𝑠𝑒𝑐𝑐
𝑑𝑐 = 0

𝑠𝑒𝑐𝑏 + 𝑠𝑒𝑐𝑐 = 𝑐

√1 + 𝑦 2 + √1 + 𝑥 2 = 𝑐

𝑦2
97- (1 − 𝑦)𝑒 𝑦 𝑦´ + 𝑥𝑙𝑛𝑥 = 0
(1−𝑦)𝑒 𝑦 𝑥
∫ 𝑑𝑦 + ∫ 𝑑𝑥 = 0
𝑦2 𝑥𝑙𝑛𝑥

𝑒𝑦 𝑒𝑦
∫ 𝑦 2 𝑑𝑦 − ∫ 𝑦
𝑑𝑦 + ln |ln |𝑥|| = 𝑐

Integrando por partes

𝑒𝑦 𝑒𝑦 𝑒𝑦
∫ 𝑦 2 𝑑𝑦 − (𝑦 2 − ∫ − 𝑦 2 𝑑𝑦) + ln |ln |𝑥|| = 𝑐

− 𝑒𝑦
+ ln |ln |𝑥|| = 𝑐
𝑦2
3
98- (1 + 𝑦 2 )𝑑𝑥 = (𝑦 − √1 + 𝑦 2 )(1 + 𝑥 2 )2 𝑑𝑦

𝑑𝑥 (𝑦−√1+𝑦 2 )
∫ 3 =∫ (1+𝑦 2 )
𝑑𝑦
(1−𝑥 2 )2

𝑦 √1+𝑦 2
∫ sec 2 𝑎 𝑑𝑎 − ∫ 1+𝑦 2 𝑑𝑦 + ∫ (1+𝑦 2) 𝑑𝑦 = 0
1
tan(𝑎) − 2 ln| 1 + 𝑦 2 | + ln|√1 + 𝑦 2 + 𝑦| = 0

𝑥 √1+𝑦2 +𝑦
√1−𝑥 2
+ ln | 1 |=0
(1+𝑦 2 )2
100- 𝑥𝑦 2 (𝑥𝑦´ + 𝑦) = 𝑎2
𝑧
𝑧 = 𝑥𝑦 𝑦=𝑥
𝑑𝑧
𝑥 −𝑧
𝑑𝑥
𝑦´ = 2
𝑥

𝑑𝑧
𝑧2 𝑥 −𝑧 𝑧
𝑥 (𝑥 2 ) (𝑥 ( 𝑑𝑥
+ 𝑥)) = 𝑎2
𝑥2

𝑧2 𝑑𝑧 𝑧
(𝑥 𝑑𝑥 − 𝑧 + 𝑥) = 𝑎2
𝑥

∫ 𝑧 2 𝑑𝑧 = ∫ 𝑎2 𝑥 𝑑𝑥
𝑧3 𝑎2 𝑥 2
3
− 2
=𝑐

101- (1 + 𝑥 2 𝑦 2 𝑦) + (𝑥𝑦 − 1)2 𝑥𝑦´ = 0

𝑧
𝑧 = 𝑥𝑦 𝑦=𝑥
𝑑𝑧
𝑥 −𝑧
𝑑𝑥
𝑦´ = 2
𝑥
𝑑𝑧
(1+𝑧 2 )𝑧 𝑥 −𝑧
+ (𝑧 − 1)2 𝑥 ( 𝑑𝑥
2
)=0
𝑥 𝑥

Multiplicando por x
𝑑𝑧
(1+𝑧 2 )𝑧 𝑥 −𝑧
+ (𝑧 − 1)2 ( 𝑑𝑥
)=0
1 1

2𝑑𝑥 (𝑧−1)2
𝑑𝑥 + 𝑑𝑧
𝑥 𝑧2

2𝑑𝑥 (𝑧−1)2
∫ 𝑑𝑥 + ∫ 𝑑𝑧
𝑥 𝑧2
2 1
2 ln|𝑥| + ∫ 𝑑𝑧 − ∫ 𝑧 𝑑𝑧 + ∫ 𝑧 2 𝑑𝑧 = 𝑐
1
2 ln|𝑥| + 𝑧 − 2 ln|𝑧| − 𝑧 = 𝑐
1
2 ln|𝑥| + 𝑧 − 2 ln|𝑥𝑦| − 𝑥𝑦 = 𝑐

102- (𝑥 2 𝑦 3 + 𝑦 + 𝑥 − 2)𝑑𝑥 + (𝑥 3 𝑦 2 + 𝑥)𝑑𝑦 = 0

𝑧
𝑧 = 𝑥𝑦 𝑦=𝑥
𝑑𝑧
𝑥 −𝑧
𝑑𝑥
𝑦´ = 𝑥2
 𝑧3 𝑧
( 𝑥 + 𝑥 + 𝑥 − 2) 𝑑𝑥 + (𝑥𝑧 2 + 𝑥)𝑑𝑦 = 0

𝑧3 𝑧 𝑑𝑦
( 𝑥 + 𝑥 + 𝑥 − 2 + 𝑥𝑧 2 + 𝑥) 𝑑𝑥 = 0
𝑑𝑧
𝑧3 𝑧 𝑥 −𝑧
( 𝑥 + 𝑥 + 𝑥 − 2 + 𝑥𝑧 2 + 𝑥) 𝑑𝑥
2
=0
𝑥

𝑧3 𝑧 𝑑𝑧 𝑧(𝑧 2 +1)
+ 𝑥 + 𝑥 − 2 + (𝑧 2 + 1) 𝑑𝑥 −
𝑥 𝑥

∫(𝑧 2 + 1)𝑑𝑧 + ∫(𝑥 − 2 )𝑑𝑥 = 0

𝑧3 𝑥2
+𝑧+ − 2𝑥 = 𝑐
3 2

𝑥3𝑦3 𝑥2
+ 𝑥𝑦 + − 2𝑥 = 𝑐
3 2

105- (𝑙𝑛𝑥 + 𝑦 3 )𝑑𝑥 − 3𝑥𝑦 2 𝑑𝑦 = 0

𝑧 = 𝑙𝑛𝑥 + 𝑦 3
𝑑𝑧 1
= 𝑥 + 3𝑦 2 𝑦´
𝑑𝑥
𝑥𝑑𝑧
3𝑦 2 𝑦´ = −1
𝑑𝑥

Sustituir en ecuación original

𝑥𝑑𝑧
𝑙𝑛𝑥 + 𝑦 3 − ( 𝑑𝑥 − 1) = 0
𝑥𝑑𝑧
𝑧− +1=0
𝑑𝑥
𝑑𝑧 𝑑𝑥
∫ 𝑧+1 − ∫ 𝑥
=0

ln|𝑧| − ln|𝑥| = 𝑐
𝑦3
𝑙𝑛𝑥 + =𝑐
𝑥

107- (𝑦 − 𝑥𝑦´) = 𝑎(1 + 𝑥 2 𝑦´ )

𝑦 − 𝑎 = 𝑥𝑦´ + 𝑎𝑥 2 𝑦´
𝑦 − 𝑎 = 𝑦´(𝑥 + 𝑎𝑥 2 )
𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑥
− ∫ 𝑦−𝑎 + ∫ 𝑥+𝑎𝑥 2 = 0

𝑑𝑥 𝑎
∫ − ∫ 𝑎𝑥+1 𝑑𝑥 − ln|𝑦 − 𝑎| = 𝑐
𝑥

ln|𝑥| − ln|𝑎𝑥 + 1| − ln|𝑦 − 𝑎| = 𝑐

 𝑥
= 𝑐(𝑦 − 𝑎)
𝑎𝑥+1

EJERCICIOS A

(𝑎) (3𝑥 + 2𝑦 2 )𝑑𝑥 + 2𝑥𝑦𝑑𝑦 = 0

𝑀(𝑥, 𝑦) = 3𝑥 + 2𝑦 2
𝑁(𝑥, 𝑦) = 2𝑥𝑦
𝑀𝑌 = 4𝑦 ≠ 𝑁𝑥 = 2𝑦
𝑀𝑌 − 𝑁𝑥 4𝑦 − 2𝑦 2𝑦 1
= = =
𝑁 2𝑥𝑦 2𝑦𝑥 𝑥
1
𝜇(𝑥, 𝑦) = 𝑒 ∫𝑥𝑑𝑥 = 𝑒 ln 𝑥 = 𝑥
Multiplicando por el factor integrante
(3𝑥 2 + 2𝑥𝑦 2 )𝑑𝑥 + 2𝑥 2 𝑦𝑑𝑦 = 0
𝑀(𝑥, 𝑦) = 3𝑥 2 + 2𝑥𝑦 2
𝑁(𝑥, 𝑦) = 2𝑥 2 𝑦
𝑀𝑌 = 4𝑦𝑥 = 𝑁𝑥 = 4𝑦𝑥 𝐸𝑠 𝑒𝑥𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑎 𝑙𝑎 𝑒𝑐𝑢𝑎𝑐𝑖𝑜𝑛
2𝑥 2 ∫ 𝑦𝑑𝑦 = 𝑥 2 𝑦 2 + 𝑔(𝑥)
𝐷𝑒𝑟𝑖𝑣𝑎𝑛𝑑𝑜
2𝑥𝑦 2 + 𝑔′ (𝑦) = 3𝑥 2 + 2𝑦 2 𝑥
𝑔′ (𝑥) = 3𝑥 2
𝐼𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑔𝑟𝑎𝑛𝑑𝑜
∫ 𝑔′ (𝑥) = ∫ 3𝑥 2 𝑑𝑥 → 𝑔(𝑥) = 𝑥 3
𝑆𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑐𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑔𝑒𝑛𝑒𝑟𝑎𝑙
𝑥2𝑦2 + 𝑥3 = 𝐶

(𝑏) (2𝑥 3 − 𝑦)𝑑𝑥 + 𝑥𝑑𝑦 = 0 ; 𝑦(1) = 1

𝑀(𝑥, 𝑦) = 2𝑥 3 − 𝑦
𝑁(𝑥, 𝑦) = 𝑥
𝑀𝑌 = −1 ≠ 𝑁𝑥 = 1
𝑀𝑌 − 𝑁𝑥 −1 − 1 2
= =−
𝑁 𝑥 𝑥
1
𝜇(𝑥, 𝑦) = 𝑒 −2 ∫𝑥𝑑𝑥 = 𝑒 −2 ln 𝑥 = 𝑥 −2
𝑀𝑢𝑙𝑡𝑖𝑝𝑙𝑖𝑐𝑎𝑛𝑑𝑜 𝑝𝑜𝑟 𝑒𝑙 𝑓𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑜𝑟 𝑖𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑔𝑟𝑎𝑛𝑡𝑒
(2𝑥 − 𝑦𝑥 −2 )𝑑𝑥 + 𝑥 −1 dy = 0
𝑀(𝑥, 𝑦) = 2𝑥 − 𝑦𝑥 −2
𝑁(𝑥, 𝑦) = 𝑥 −1
𝑀𝑌 = −𝑥 −2 = 𝑁𝑥 = −𝑥 −2 𝐸𝑠 𝑒𝑥𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑎
𝐼𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑔𝑟𝑎𝑛𝑑𝑜
𝑦
∫ 𝑥 −1 dy = + g(x)
𝑥
Derivando 𝑒 𝑖𝑔𝑢𝑎𝑙𝑎𝑛𝑑𝑜
−𝑥 −2 y + g ′ (x) = 2x − y𝑥 −2
∫ g ′ (x) ∫ 2xdx
𝑔(𝑥) = 𝑥 2
𝑆𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑐𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑔𝑒𝑛𝑒𝑟𝑎𝑙
𝑥
+ 𝑥2 = 𝐶
𝑦
𝑆𝑢𝑠𝑡𝑖𝑡𝑢𝑦𝑒𝑛𝑑𝑜 𝑙𝑜𝑠 𝑣𝑎𝑙𝑜𝑟𝑒𝑠
1
+1=𝐶 → 𝐶 =2
1
𝑆𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑐𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑝𝑎𝑟𝑡𝑖𝑐𝑢𝑙𝑎𝑟
𝑥
+ 𝑥2 = 2
𝑦

𝑑𝑦
1. = 5𝑦
𝑑𝑥

𝑑𝑦
− 5𝑦 = 0
𝑑𝑥
𝑃(𝑥) = −5

𝑒 − ∫ 5𝑑𝑥 = 𝑒 −5𝑥
𝑑 −5𝑥
∫ (𝑒 𝑦) = ∫ 0
𝑑𝑥
𝑒 −5𝑥 𝑦 = 𝑐
𝑦 = 𝑒 5𝑥 𝑐

𝑑𝑦
2. + 2𝑦 = 0
𝑑𝑥

𝑃(𝑥) = 2

𝑒 ∫ 2𝑑𝑥 = 𝑒 2𝑥
𝑑 2𝑥
∫ (𝑒 𝑦) = ∫ 0
𝑑𝑥
 𝑒 2𝑥 𝑦 = 𝑐
𝑦 = 𝑒 −2𝑥 𝑐

𝑑𝑦
3. + 𝑦 = 𝑒 3𝑥
𝑑𝑥
𝑃(𝑥) = 1
𝑒 ∫ 𝑑𝑥 = 𝑒 𝑥
𝑑 1
∫ (𝑒 𝑥 𝑦) = ∫ 4𝑒 4𝑥 𝑑𝑥
𝑑𝑥 4
4𝑥
𝑒
𝑒𝑥𝑦 = +𝑐
4
𝑒 3𝑥
𝑦= +𝑐
4

𝑑𝑦
4. 3 𝑑𝑥 + 12𝑦 = 4
𝑑𝑦 4
+ 4𝑦 =
𝑑𝑥 3
𝑃(𝑥) = 4

𝑒 ∫ 4𝑑𝑥 = 𝑒 4𝑥
𝑑 1
∫ (𝑒 4𝑥 𝑦) = ∫ 4𝑒 4𝑥 𝑑𝑥
𝑑𝑥 3
4𝑥
𝑒
𝑒 4𝑥 𝑦 = +𝑐
3
1
𝑦 = +𝑐
3

𝑑𝑦
5. + 3𝑥 2 𝑦 = 𝑥 2
𝑑𝑥
𝑃(𝑥) = 3𝑥 2
2 𝑑𝑥 3
𝑒 ∫ 3𝑥 = 𝑒𝑥
𝑑 𝑥3 3
∫ (𝑒 𝑦) = ∫ 𝑒 𝑥 𝑥 2 𝑑𝑥
𝑑𝑥
3 1
𝑒 𝑥 𝑦 = ∫ 𝑥 3 3𝑥 2 𝑑𝑥
3
3
𝑥2
𝑒𝑥
𝑒 𝑦= +𝑐
3
 1 3
𝑦= + 𝑐𝑒 −𝑥
3

𝑑𝑦
6. + 2𝑥𝑦 = 𝑥 3
𝑑𝑥
𝑃(𝑥) = 2𝑥
2
𝑒 ∫ 2𝑥𝑑𝑥 = 𝑒 𝑥
𝑑 𝑥2 2
∫ (𝑒 𝑦) = ∫ 𝑒 𝑥 𝑥 3 𝑑𝑥
𝑑𝑥
2 2 2 2 2 2 6
𝑒 𝑥 𝑦 = 𝑒 𝑥 𝑥 3 − ∫ 𝑒 𝑥 3𝑥 2 𝑑𝑥 = 𝑒 𝑥 𝑥 3 − 𝑒 𝑥 3𝑥 2 + 3 ∫ 𝑒 𝑥 𝑥𝑑𝑥
3
2 2 2 2
𝑒 𝑥 𝑦 = 𝑒 𝑥 𝑥 3 − 𝑒 𝑥 3𝑥 2 + 3𝑒 𝑥 + 𝑐
2
𝑦 = 𝑥 3 − 3𝑥 2 + 3 + 𝑐𝑒 −𝑥

𝑑𝑦
7. 𝑥 2 𝑑𝑥 + 𝑥𝑦 = 1
𝑑𝑦 𝑥𝑦 1
+ 2= 2
𝑑𝑥 𝑥 𝑥
1
𝑃(𝑥) =
𝑥
1
𝑒 ∫𝑥𝑑𝑥 = 𝑒 ln 𝑥 = 𝑥
𝑑 1
∫ (𝑥𝑦) = ∫ 𝑑𝑥
𝑑𝑥 𝑥
𝑥𝑦 = ln 𝑥 + 𝑐
ln 𝑥 + 𝑐
𝑦=
𝑥

𝑑𝑦
8. = 2𝑦 + 𝑥 2 + 5
𝑑𝑥
𝑑𝑦
− 2𝑦 = 𝑥 2 + 5
𝑑𝑥
𝑃(𝑥) = −2
𝑒 ∫ −2𝑑𝑥 = 𝑒 −2𝑥
𝑑 𝑥2 5
∫ (𝑒 −2𝑥 𝑦) = ∫ 2𝑥 + 2𝑥 𝑑𝑥
𝑑𝑥 𝑒 𝑒
5
𝑒 −2𝑥 𝑦 = − 𝑒 −2𝑥 + 𝑥 2 𝑒 −2𝑥 − ∫ 𝑒 −2𝑥 2𝑥𝑑𝑥 + 𝑐
2
5
𝑒 −2𝑥 𝑦 = − 𝑒 −2𝑥 + 𝑥 2 𝑒 −2𝑥 − 𝑒 −2𝑥 2𝑥 − ∫ 𝑒 −2𝑥 (−2)𝑑𝑥 + 𝑐
2
 5
𝑒 −2𝑥 𝑦 = − 𝑒 −2𝑥 + 𝑥 2 𝑒 −2𝑥 − 𝑒 −2𝑥 2𝑥 − 𝑒 −2𝑥 + 𝑐
2
7
𝑦 = − + 𝑥 2 − 2𝑥 + 𝑐𝑒 2𝑥
2

𝑑𝑦
9. 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 − 𝑦 = 𝑥 2 sin 𝑥
𝑑𝑦 𝑦
− = 𝑥 sin 𝑥
𝑑𝑥 𝑥
1
𝑃(𝑥) = −
𝑥
1 1
𝑒 − ∫𝑥𝑑𝑥 =
𝑥
𝑑
∫ (𝑥𝑦) = ∫ sin 𝑥 𝑑𝑥
𝑑𝑥
𝑥𝑦 = − cos 𝑥 + 𝑐
𝑦 = − xcos 𝑥 + 𝑐𝑥

𝑑𝑦
10. 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 + 2𝑦 = 3
𝑑𝑦 2𝑦 3
+ =
𝑑𝑥 𝑥 𝑥
2
𝑃(𝑥) =
𝑥
2
𝑒 ∫𝑥𝑑𝑥 = 𝑥 2
𝑑 2
∫ (𝑥 𝑦) = ∫ 3𝑥𝑑𝑥
𝑑𝑥
3𝑥 2
𝑥2𝑦 = +𝑐
2
3 𝑐
𝑦= + 2
2 𝑥

𝑑𝑦
11. 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 + 4𝑦 = 𝑥 3 − 𝑥
𝑑𝑦 4
+ 𝑦 = 𝑥2 − 1
𝑑𝑥 𝑥
4
𝑃(𝑥) =
𝑥
2
𝑒 ∫𝑥𝑑𝑥 = 𝑥 4
 𝑑 4
∫ (𝑥 𝑦) = ∫ 𝑥 6 − 𝑥 4 𝑑𝑥
𝑑𝑥
𝑥7 𝑥5
𝑥4𝑦 = − +𝑐
7 5
3
𝑥 𝑥 𝑐
𝑦= − + 4
7 5 𝑥
𝑑𝑦
12. (1 + 𝑥) 𝑑𝑥 − 𝑥𝑦 = 𝑥 + 𝑥 2
𝑑𝑦 𝑥 𝑥 + 𝑥2
− 𝑦=
𝑑𝑥 1 + 𝑥 1+𝑥
𝑥
𝑃(𝑥) = −
1+𝑥
𝑥
𝑒 ∫ −1+𝑥𝑑𝑥 = 𝑥 4
1+𝑥 = 𝑢
𝑑𝑢 = 𝑑𝑥
𝑥 =𝑢−1
𝑢−1
𝑒 ∫ − 𝑢 𝑑𝑢 = 𝑒 −𝑢 𝑒 ln 𝑢
𝑢 1+𝑥
= 𝑢 = 1+𝑥
𝑒 𝑒
𝑑 1+𝑥 𝑥 + 𝑥2
∫ ( 1+𝑥 𝑦) = ∫ 1+𝑥 𝑑𝑥
𝑑𝑥 𝑒 𝑒
1+𝑥 1 2𝑥
1+𝑥
𝑦 = 𝑥𝑒 −(1+𝑥) + ∫ − 1+𝑥 𝑑𝑥 + 𝑥 2 𝑒 −(1+𝑥) − ∫ 1+𝑥 𝑑𝑥 + 𝑐
𝑒 𝑒 𝑒
1+𝑥 −(1+𝑥)
1 2 −(1+𝑥) −(1+𝑥)
1
𝑦 = 𝑥𝑒 + + 𝑥 𝑒 − 2𝑥𝑒 − 2 ∫ − 𝑑𝑥 + 𝑐
𝑒 1+𝑥 𝑒 1+𝑥 𝑒 1+𝑥
𝑥 1 𝑥2 𝑐
𝑦=− − + +
1+𝑥 1+𝑥 1+𝑥 1+𝑥

𝑑𝑦
13. 𝑥 2 𝑑𝑥 + 𝑥(𝑥 + 2)𝑦 = 𝑒 𝑥
𝑑𝑦 2 𝑒𝑥
+ (1 + )𝑦 = 2
𝑑𝑥 𝑥 𝑥
2
𝑃(𝑥) = 1 +
𝑥
2
𝑒 ∫ 1+𝑥𝑑𝑥 = 𝑒 𝑥 𝑥 2
𝑑 𝑥 2
∫ (𝑒 𝑥 𝑦) = ∫ 𝑒 2𝑥 𝑑𝑥
𝑑𝑥
𝑒 2𝑥
𝑒 𝑥𝑥2𝑦 = +𝑐
2
𝑒𝑥 𝑐
𝑦= 2+ 𝑥 2
2𝑥 𝑒 𝑥
 𝑑𝑦
14. 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 + (1 + 𝑥)𝑦 = 𝑒 −𝑥 sin 2𝑥
𝑑𝑦 1
+ (1 + )𝑦 = 𝑥 −1 𝑒 −𝑥 sin 2𝑥
𝑑𝑥 𝑥
1
𝑃(𝑥) = 1 +
𝑥
1
𝑒 ∫ 1+𝑥𝑑𝑥 = 𝑒 𝑥 𝑥
𝑑 𝑥
∫ (𝑒 𝑥𝑦) = ∫ sin 2𝑥 𝑑𝑥
𝑑𝑥
cos 2𝑥
𝑒 𝑥 𝑥𝑦 = − +𝑐
2
cos 2𝑥 𝑐
𝑦=− 𝑥
+ 𝑥
2𝑒 𝑥 𝑒 𝑥
15. 𝑦𝑑𝑥 − 4(𝑥 + 𝑦 6 𝑑𝑦) = 0
𝑑𝑥 4𝑥
− = 4𝑦 5
𝑑𝑦 𝑦
4
𝑃(𝑦) = −
𝑦
4
∫ −𝑦𝑑𝑦
𝑒 = 𝑦 −4
𝑑
∫ (𝑦 −4 𝑥) = ∫ 4𝑦𝑑𝑦
𝑑𝑦
𝑦 −4 𝑥 = 2𝑦 2 + 𝑐
𝑥 = 2𝑦 6 + 𝑐𝑦 4
16. 𝑦𝑑𝑥 = (𝑦𝑒 𝑦 − 2𝑥)𝑑𝑦
𝑑𝑥
+ 2𝑦𝑥 = 𝑦 2 𝑒 𝑦
𝑑𝑦
𝑃(𝑦) = 2𝑦
2
𝑒 ∫ 2𝑦𝑑𝑦 = 𝑒 𝑦
𝑑 𝑦2 2
∫ (𝑒 𝑥) = ∫ 𝑦 2 𝑒 𝑦 +𝑦 𝑑𝑦
𝑑𝑦
2 2 +𝑦 2 +𝑦
𝑒 𝑦 𝑥 = 𝑦2𝑒 𝑦 − ∫ 2𝑦𝑒 𝑦 𝑑𝑦 + 𝑐
2 2 +𝑦 2 +𝑦
𝑒 𝑦 𝑥 = 𝑦2𝑒 𝑦 − 𝑒𝑦 +𝑐

𝑐
𝑥 = 𝑦2𝑒 𝑦 − 𝑒 𝑦 + 2
𝑒𝑦
𝑑𝑦
17. cos 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 + sin 𝑥 𝑦 = 1
 𝑑𝑦
+ tan 𝑥 𝑦 = sec 𝑥
𝑑𝑥
𝑃(𝑥) = tan 𝑥
𝑒 ∫ tan 𝑥𝑑𝑥 = sec 𝑥
𝑑
∫ (sec 𝑥 𝑦) = ∫ sec 𝑥 2 𝑑𝑥
𝑑𝑥
sec 𝑥 𝑦 = tan 𝑥 + 𝑐
tan 𝑥 𝑐
𝑦= +
sec 𝑥 sec 𝑥
2 𝑑𝑦 3
18. cos 𝑥 sin 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 + cos 𝑥 𝑦 = 1
𝑑𝑦 1
+ cot 𝑥 𝑦 =
𝑑𝑥 cos 𝑥 2 sin 𝑥
𝑃(𝑥) = cot 𝑥
𝑒 cot 𝑥𝑑𝑥 = sin 𝑥
∫

𝑑
∫ (sin 𝑥 𝑦) = ∫ sec 𝑥 2 𝑑𝑥
𝑑𝑥
sin 𝑥 𝑦 = tan 𝑥 + 𝑐
tan 𝑥 𝑐
𝑦= +
sin 𝑥 sin 𝑥

𝑑𝑦
19. (𝑥 + 1) 𝑑𝑥 + (𝑥 + 2)𝑦 = 2𝑥𝑒 −𝑥
𝑑𝑦 𝑥 + 2 2𝑥𝑒 −𝑥
+ 𝑦=
𝑑𝑥 𝑥 + 1 𝑥+1
𝑥+2
𝑃(𝑥) =
𝑥+1
𝑥+2
𝑒 ∫𝑥+1𝑑𝑥 = 𝑒 𝑥 (𝑥 + 1)
𝑑 𝑥+1
∫ (𝑒 (𝑥 + 1)𝑦) = ∫ 2𝑥𝑑𝑥
𝑑𝑥
𝑒 𝑥+1 (𝑥 + 1)𝑦 = 𝑥 2 + 𝑐
𝑑𝑦
20. (𝑥 + 2)2 𝑑𝑥 = 5 − 8𝑦 − 4𝑥𝑦
𝑑𝑦 8 + 4𝑥 5
+ 2
𝑦=
𝑑𝑥 (𝑥 + 2) (𝑥 + 2)2
4
𝑃(𝑥) =
𝑥+2
4
𝑒 ∫𝑥+2𝑑𝑥 = (𝑥 + 2)4
𝑑
∫ ((𝑥 + 2)4 𝑦) = ∫ 5(𝑥 + 2)2 𝑑𝑥
𝑑𝑥
 5𝑥 3
(𝑥 + 2)4 𝑦 = + 10𝑥 2 + 20𝑥 + 𝑐
3
𝑑𝑦
21. 𝑑𝑥 + sec 𝑥 𝑦 = cos 𝑥
𝑃(𝑥) = sec 𝑥
𝑒 ∫ sec 𝑥𝑑𝑥 = sec 𝑥 + tan 𝑥
𝑑
∫ (sec 𝑥 + tan 𝑥 𝑦) = ∫ 1 + sin 𝑥 𝑑𝑥
𝑑𝑥
(sec 𝑥 + tan 𝑥)𝑦 = 𝑥 − cos 𝑥 + 𝑐
𝑑𝑦
22. 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 + (3𝑥 + 1)𝑦 = 𝑒 −3𝑥
1
𝑃(𝑥) = 3 +
𝑥
1
𝑒 ∫ 3+𝑥𝑑𝑥 = 𝑥𝑒 3𝑥
𝑑
∫ (𝑥𝑒 3𝑥 𝑦) = ∫ 𝑑𝑥
𝑑𝑥
𝑥𝑒 3𝑥 𝑦 = 𝑥 + 𝑐
𝑑𝑦
23. 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 + 𝑦 = 𝑒 𝑥 , 𝑦(1) = 2
1
𝑃(𝑥) =
𝑥
1
𝑒 ∫𝑥𝑑𝑥 = 𝑥
𝑑
∫ (𝑥𝑦) = ∫ 𝑒 𝑥 𝑑𝑥
𝑑𝑥
𝑥𝑦 = 𝑒 𝑥 + 𝑐
2=𝑒+𝑐
𝑒𝑥 + 2 − 𝑒
𝑦=
𝑥
𝑑𝑖
24. 𝐿 𝑑𝑡 + 𝑅𝑖 = 𝐸, 𝑖(0) = 𝑖0
𝑅
𝑃(𝑡) =
𝐿
𝑅 𝑅
𝑒 ∫ 𝐿 𝑑𝑡 = 𝑒 𝐿 𝑡
𝑑 𝑅 𝐸 𝑅
∫ (𝑒 𝐿 𝑡 𝑖) = ∫ 𝑒 𝐿 𝑡 𝑑𝑡
𝑑𝑡 𝐿
𝑅 𝐸 𝑅
(𝑒 𝐿 𝑡 𝑖) = 𝑒 𝐿 𝑡 + 𝑐
𝑅
𝐸
𝑐 = 𝑖0 −
𝑅
𝐸
𝐸 𝑖0 − 𝑅
𝑖= + 𝑅
𝑅
𝑒 𝐿𝑡
 𝑑𝑦
25. (𝑥 + 1) 𝑑𝑥 + 𝑦 = ln 𝑥 , 𝑦(1) = 10
1
𝑃(𝑥) =
𝑥+1
1
𝑒 ∫𝑥+1𝑑𝑥 = 𝑥 + 1
𝑑
∫ ((𝑥 + 1)𝑦) = ∫ ln 𝑥 𝑑𝑥
𝑑𝑥
𝑥 ln 𝑥 − 𝑥 + 𝑐
𝑦=
𝑥+1
ln 1 − 1 + 𝑐
10 =
2
𝑐 = 21
𝑥 ln 𝑥 − 𝑥 + 21
𝑦=
𝑥+1

Makarenko pag 52 ej 176-181

176.
𝑑𝑦
+ 2𝑦 = 𝑥 2 + 2𝑥
𝑑𝑥

𝑝(𝑥) = 𝑒 ∫ 2𝑑𝑥 = 𝑒 2𝑥
𝑑𝑦
𝑒 2𝑥 𝑑𝑥 + 𝑒 2𝑥 2𝑦 = 𝑒 2𝑥 (𝑥 2 + 2𝑥)

𝑑 2𝑥
∫ (𝑒 𝑦) = ∫ 𝑒 2𝑥 (𝑥 2 + 2𝑥)𝑑𝑥
𝑑𝑥

𝑒 2𝑥 𝑦 = ∫ 𝑥 2 𝑒 2𝑥 𝑑𝑥 + ∫ 2𝑥𝑒 2𝑥 𝑑𝑥

𝑢 = 𝑥2 𝑑𝑣 = 𝑒 2𝑥 𝑤 = 2𝑥 𝑑𝑤 = 2𝑑𝑥
1
𝑑𝑢 = 2𝑥 𝑣 = 𝑒 2𝑥
2
1 1 1
𝑒 2𝑥 𝑦 = ( 𝑥 2 𝑒 2𝑥 − ∫ 2𝑥 𝑒 2𝑥 𝑑𝑥) + 2 ∫ 𝑤 𝑒 𝑤 𝑑𝑤
2 2 4
1 1
𝑒 2𝑥 𝑦 = ( 𝑥 2 𝑒 2𝑥 − ∫ 𝑥𝑒 2𝑥 𝑑𝑥) + (𝑤𝑒 𝑤 − ∫ 𝑒 𝑤 𝑑𝑤)
2 2
1 1 1
𝑒 2𝑥 𝑦 = ( 𝑥 2 𝑒 2𝑥 − 𝑒 2𝑥 (2𝑥 − 1)) + (𝑤𝑒 𝑤 − 𝑒 𝑤 ) + 𝑐
2 4 2
 1 2𝑥 2 1 1
𝑒 2𝑥 𝑦 = 𝑒 (𝑥 − (2𝑥 − 1)) + (2𝑥𝑒 2𝑥 − 𝑒 2𝑥 ) + 𝑐
2 2 2
1 2 2𝑥 1 2𝑥 1
𝑒 2𝑥 𝑦 = 𝑥 𝑒 − 𝑒 (2𝑥 − 1) + 𝑥𝑒 2𝑥 − 𝑒 2𝑥 + 𝑐
2 4 2
1 1 1
𝑒 2𝑥 𝑦 = 𝑒 2𝑥 ( 𝑥 2 − (2𝑥 − 1) + 𝑥 − ) + 𝑐
2 4 2
1 1 1 1
𝑒 2𝑥 𝑦 = 𝑒 2𝑥 ( 𝑥 2 − ( 𝑥 − ) + 𝑥 − ) + 𝑐
2 2 4 2
1
𝑒 2𝑥 𝑦 = 𝑒 2𝑥 (2𝑥 2 − 2𝑥 + 1 + 4𝑥 − 2) + 𝑐
4
1
𝑒 2𝑥 4 (2𝑥 2 − 2𝑥 + 1 + 4𝑥 − 2) + 𝑐
𝑦=
𝑒 2𝑥
1 𝑐
𝑦= (2𝑥 2 − 2𝑥 + 1 + 4𝑥 − 2) + 2𝑥
4 𝑒
1
𝑦 = 𝐶𝑒 −2𝑥 + (2𝑥 2 + 2𝑥 − 1)
4
177.
𝑑𝑦
(𝑥 2 + 2𝑥 − 1) − (𝑥 + 1)𝑦 = 𝑥 − 1
𝑑𝑥
𝑑𝑦 𝑥+1 𝑥−1
− 2 = 2
𝑑𝑥 𝑥 + 2𝑥 − 1 𝑥 + 2𝑥 − 1

𝑦 = 𝑒 − ∫ 𝑝(𝑥)𝑑𝑥 [∫ 𝑒 𝑝(𝑥)𝑑𝑥 𝑄(𝑥)𝑑𝑥 + 𝑐 ]

𝑥+1 𝑥−1
𝑃(𝑥) = − 𝑦 𝑄(𝑥) =
𝑥 2 + 2𝑥 − 1 𝑥 2 + 2𝑥 − 1
−∫ 2
𝑥+1
𝑑𝑥 −∫ 2
𝑥+1
𝑑𝑥 𝑥−1
𝑦=𝑒 𝑥 +2𝑥−1 [∫ 𝑒 𝑥 +2𝑥−1 𝑑𝑥 + 𝑐]
(𝑥 2 + 2𝑥 − 1)
1 2 +2𝑥−1) 1 2 +2𝑥−1) 𝑥−1
𝑦 = 𝑒 2ln(𝑥 [∫ 𝑒 −2ln(𝑥 𝑑𝑥 + 𝑐]
(𝑥 2 + 2𝑥 − 1)
𝑥−1
𝑦 = √(𝑥 2 + 2𝑥 − 1)[∫ 3⁄ 𝑑𝑥 + 𝑐]
(𝑥 2 + 2𝑥 − 1) 2

𝑢 =𝑥−1 𝑑𝑢 = 𝑑𝑥
𝑥−1
𝑦 = √(𝑥 2 + 2𝑥 − 1)[∫ 3⁄ 𝑑𝑥 + 𝑐]
((𝑥 − 1)2 − 2) 2
 𝑢
𝑦 = √(𝑥 2 + 2𝑥 − 1)[∫ 3⁄ 𝑑𝑢 + 𝑐]
(𝑢2 − 2) 2

𝑣 = 𝑢2 − 2 𝑑𝑣 = 2𝑢𝑑𝑢
1 3
𝑦 = √(𝑥 2 + 2𝑥 − 1)[ ∫ 𝑣 − ⁄2 𝑑𝑣 + 𝑐]
2
3
2
1 𝑣 − ⁄2+1
𝑦= √(𝑥 + 2𝑥 − 1)[ + 𝑐]
2−3 + 1
2
1
2
1 𝑣 − ⁄2
𝑦 = √(𝑥 + 2𝑥 − 1)[ + 𝑐]
2 1
2
𝑢+1
𝑦 = √(𝑥 2 + 2𝑥 − 1)[ + 𝑐]
√𝑢2 − 2
𝑥
𝑦 = √(𝑥 2 + 2𝑥 − 1)[ + 𝑐]
√(𝑥 − 1)2 − 2
𝑥
𝑦 = √(𝑥 2 + 2𝑥 − 1) [ + 𝑐]
√𝑥 2 + 2𝑥 − 1
𝑦 = 𝑥 + 𝐶√(𝑥 2 + 2𝑥 − 1)

178.
𝑥𝑙𝑛𝑥 ∗ 𝑦 ′ − 𝑦 = 𝑥 3 (3𝑙𝑛𝑥 − 1)
𝑑𝑦 1 𝑥 2 (3𝑙𝑛𝑥 − 1)
− 𝑦=
𝑑𝑥 𝑥𝑙𝑛𝑥 𝑙𝑛𝑥

1
𝑝(𝑥) = 𝑒 ∫𝑥𝑙𝑛𝑥𝑑𝑥 = 𝑒 ln(ln(𝑥)) = ln(𝑥)
𝑑𝑦 1 𝑥 2 (3𝑙𝑛𝑥 − 1)
ln(𝑥) − ln(𝑥) 𝑦 = ln(𝑥)
𝑑𝑥 𝑥𝑙𝑛𝑥 ln(𝑥)
d
∫ [ ln(𝑥) 𝑦] = ∫ 𝑥 2 (3𝑙𝑛𝑥 − 1)𝑑𝑥
dx

ln(𝑥) 𝑦 = ∫ 𝑥 2 (3𝑙𝑛𝑥 − 1)𝑑𝑥

ln(𝑥) 𝑦 = ∫ 𝑥 2 (3𝑙𝑛𝑥 − 1)𝑑𝑥

ln(𝑥) 𝑦 = ∫(𝑥 2 3𝑙𝑛𝑥 − 𝑥 2 )𝑑𝑥

2
𝑥3
ln(𝑥) 𝑦 = 3 ∫(𝑥 𝑙𝑛𝑥)𝑑𝑥 −
3
𝑢 = 𝑙𝑛𝑥 𝑑𝑣 = 𝑥 2
𝑑𝑥 𝑥3
𝑑𝑢 = 𝑣=
𝑥 3
𝑥3 𝑥 3 𝑑𝑥 𝑥3
ln(𝑥) 𝑦 = 3 [ln(𝑥) − ∫ ]+
3 3 𝑥 3

𝑥3 1 𝑥3
ln(𝑥) 𝑦 = 3 [ln(𝑥) − ∫ 𝑥 2 𝑑𝑥] +
3 3 3

𝑥3 𝑥3 𝑥3
ln(𝑥) 𝑦 = 3 [ln(𝑥) − + 𝑐] +
3 9 3

ln(𝑥) 𝑦 = ln(𝑥) 𝑥 3 + 𝑐
ln(𝑥) 𝑥 3 + 𝑐
𝑦=
ln(𝑥)
𝑥3
𝑦 = ln( + 𝑐)
ln(𝑥)

179.
𝑑𝑦
(𝑎2 − 𝑥 2 ) + 𝑥𝑦 = 𝑎2
𝑑𝑥

𝑑𝑦 𝑥 𝑎2
+ 𝑦= 2
𝑑𝑥 (𝑎2 − 𝑥 2 ) (𝑎 − 𝑥 2 )
𝑥 1
∫ 2 2 𝑑𝑥 2 −𝑥 2 )
𝑝(𝑥) = 𝑒 (𝑎 −𝑥 ) = 𝑒 2ln(𝑎 = √𝑎2 − 𝑥 2
𝑑𝑦 𝑥 𝑎2
√𝑎2 − 𝑥 2 √ 2
+ 𝑎 −𝑥 2 √ 2
𝑦 = 𝑎 −𝑥 2
𝑑𝑥 (𝑎2 − 𝑥 2 ) (𝑎2 − 𝑥 2 )
𝑑 𝑎2
√ 2 2
∫ ( 𝑎 − 𝑥 ∗ 𝑦) = ∫ 3 𝑑𝑥
𝑑𝑥 (𝑎2 − 𝑥 2 ) ⁄2
 1
(√𝑎2 − 𝑥 2 ∗ 𝑦) = 𝑎2 ∫ 3⁄ 𝑑𝑥
(𝑎2 − 𝑥 2 ) 2

𝑥 = a sin(𝑢) 𝑑𝑥 = 𝑎 cos(𝑢)𝑑𝑢
acos(𝑢)𝑑𝑢
(√𝑎2 − 𝑥 2 ∗ 𝑦) = 𝑎2 ∫ 3 3⁄
𝑎 ⁄2 (1 − sin2 (𝑢)) 2

1 acos(𝑢)𝑑𝑢
(√𝑎2 − 𝑥 2 ∗ 𝑦) = 𝑎2 3 ∫ 3
(𝑎2 ) ⁄2 (𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 (𝑢)) ⁄2
1 cos(𝑢)𝑑𝑢
(√𝑎2 − 𝑥 2 ∗ 𝑦) = 𝑎3 3 ∫
(𝑎2 ) ⁄2 𝑐𝑜𝑠 3 (𝑢)

1 𝑑𝑢
(√𝑎2 − 𝑥 2 ∗ 𝑦) = 𝑎3 3 ∫ 2
(𝑎2 ) ⁄2 𝑐𝑜𝑠 (𝑢)

(√𝑎2 − 𝑥 2 ∗ 𝑦) = tan(𝑢) + 𝑐

1
(√𝑎2 − 𝑥 2 ∗ 𝑦) = tan (arcsin( 𝑥)) + 𝑐
𝑎
𝑥
(√𝑎2 − 𝑥 2 ∗ 𝑦) = +𝑐
√𝑎2 − 𝑥 2
𝑥
1 +𝑐
(𝑎 − 𝑥 2 ) ⁄2
2
𝑦=
√𝑎2 + 𝑥 2
𝑥
𝑦 = √𝑎2 − 𝑥 2 ( + 𝑐)
√𝑎2 − 𝑥 2
180.
𝑑𝑦
2𝑥 − 𝑦 = 3𝑥 2
𝑑𝑥
𝑑𝑦 1 3
− 𝑦= 𝑥
𝑑𝑥 2𝑥 2
1 1 1
𝑝(𝑥) = 𝑒 ∫ −2𝑥𝑑𝑥 = 𝑒 −2ln(𝑥) =
√𝑥
1 𝑑𝑦 1 1 1 3
− 𝑦= 𝑥
√𝑥 𝑑𝑥 √𝑥 2𝑥 √𝑥 2
𝑑 1 1 3
( 𝑦) = 𝑥
𝑑𝑥 √𝑥 √𝑥 2
 1 3𝑥
( 𝑦) = ∫ 𝑑𝑥
√𝑥 2√𝑥
1 3
( 𝑦) = ∫ √𝑥𝑑𝑥
√𝑥 2
1 3
( 𝑦) = 𝑥 ⁄2 + 𝑐
√𝑥
3⁄
𝑦 = √𝑥(𝑥 2 + 𝑐)

𝑦 = 𝑥 2 + √𝑥𝑐

181.
(𝑥 + 1)𝑑𝑦 − [2𝑦 + (𝑥 + 1)4 ]𝑑𝑥 = 0
(𝑥 + 1)𝑑𝑦 = [2𝑦 + (𝑥 + 1)4 ]𝑑𝑥
𝑑𝑦
(𝑥 + 1) = [2𝑦 + (𝑥 + 1)4 ]
𝑑𝑥
𝑑𝑦
(𝑥 + 1) − 2𝑦 = (𝑥 + 1)4
𝑑𝑥
𝑑𝑦 2
− 𝑦 = (𝑥 + 1)3
𝑑𝑥 (𝑥 + 1)
 −2 1
∫(𝑥+1)𝑑𝑥 −2 ∫ 𝑑𝑥
𝑝(𝑥) = 𝑒 =𝑒 (𝑥+1) = 𝑒 −2ln(𝑥+1) = (𝑥 + 1)−2
𝑑𝑦 2 (𝑥 + 1)3
(𝑥 + 1)−2 − 𝑦 =
𝑑𝑥 (𝑥 + 1)3 (𝑥 + 1)2
𝑑𝑦
(𝑥 + 1)−2 − 2(𝑥 + 1)𝑦 = (𝑥 + 1)
𝑑𝑥
𝑑
((𝑥 + 1)−2 𝑦) = (𝑥 + 1)
𝑑𝑥

(𝑥 + 1)2 𝑦 = ∫(𝑥 + 1) 𝑑𝑥

2
(𝑥 + 1)2
(𝑥 + 1) 𝑦 = +𝑐
2

2
(𝑥 + 1)2
𝑦 = (𝑥 + 1) ( + 𝑐)
2
(𝑥 + 1)4
𝑦= + 𝑐(𝑥 + 1)2
2

182.
𝑑𝑦 1
=
𝑑𝑥 𝑥𝑠𝑒𝑛(𝑦) + 2𝑠𝑒𝑛(2𝑦)
𝑑𝑥 𝑥𝑠𝑒𝑛(𝑦) + 2𝑠𝑒𝑛(2𝑦)
=
𝑑𝑦 1
𝑑𝑥
− 𝑥𝑠𝑒𝑛(𝑦) = 2𝑠𝑒𝑛(2𝑦)
𝑑𝑦
𝑝(𝑥) = 𝑒 ∫ −𝑠𝑒𝑛(𝑦) = 𝑒 −cos(𝑥)
𝑑𝑥
𝑒 −cos(𝑥) − 𝑒 −cos(𝑥) 𝑥𝑠𝑒𝑛(𝑦) = 𝑒 −cos(𝑥) 2𝑠𝑒𝑛(2𝑦)
𝑑𝑦
𝑑 −cos(𝑥)
(𝑒 𝑥) = 𝑒 −cos(𝑥) 2𝑠𝑒𝑛(2𝑦)
𝑑𝑥

𝑒 −cos(𝑥) 𝑥 = ∫ 𝑒 −cos(𝑥) 2𝑠𝑒𝑛(2𝑦)𝑑𝑦

𝑒 −cos(𝑥) 𝑥 = 4𝑒 −cos(𝑥) ∫ 𝑠𝑒𝑛(𝑦)cos(𝑦)𝑑𝑦

𝑒 −cos(𝑥) 𝑥 = 𝑒 − cos(𝑥) (4− 4cos(𝑦) ) + 𝑐

4𝑒 −cos(𝑥) 4cos(𝑦) + 𝑐
𝑥=
𝑒 −cos(𝑥)
𝑥 = 4 − 4cos(𝑦) + 𝑐𝑒 cos(𝑥)

𝑥 = 4(1 − cos(𝑦) ) + 𝑐𝑒 cos(𝑥)

183.
𝑑𝑦 2
− 2𝑥𝑦 = 2𝑥𝑒 𝑥
𝑑𝑥
2
𝑝(𝑥) = 𝑒 ∫ −2𝑥𝑑𝑥 = 𝑒 −𝑥
2 𝑑𝑦 2
𝑒 −𝑥 − 𝑒 −𝑥 2𝑥𝑦 = 2𝑥
𝑑𝑥
𝑑 −𝑥 2
(𝑒 𝑦) = 2𝑥
𝑑𝑥
2
𝑒 −𝑥 𝑦 = ∫ 2𝑥𝑑𝑥

2
𝑒 −𝑥 𝑦 = 𝑥 2 + 𝑐
2
𝑦 = 𝑒 𝑥 (𝑥 2 + 𝑐)
184.

3
𝑑𝑦 3
𝑥3 − 2
𝑥(𝑥 + 1) + (2𝑥 + 1)𝑦 =
𝑑𝑥 𝑥
𝑑𝑦 (2𝑥 3 + 1) 𝑥3 − 2
+ 𝑦 =
𝑑𝑥 𝑥(𝑥 3 + 1) 𝑥 2 (𝑥 3 + 1)
 (2𝑥 3 +1)
(2𝑥 3 +1)
∫ 𝑑𝑥 ∫ 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 ln(
𝑥 3 +1
) 𝑥3 + 1
𝑃(𝑥) = 𝑒 𝑥(𝑥 3 +1) = 𝑒 (𝑥 3 +1) = 𝑒 𝑥 =
𝑥
𝑥 3 + 1 𝑑𝑦 𝑥 3 + 1 (2𝑥 3 + 1) 𝑥3 + 1 𝑥3 − 2
+ 𝑦 =
𝑥 𝑑𝑥 𝑥 𝑥(𝑥 3 + 1) 𝑥 𝑥 2 (𝑥 3 + 1)
𝑥3 + 1 𝑥3 + 1 𝑥3 − 2
𝑦=∫ 𝑑𝑥
𝑥 𝑥 𝑥 2 (𝑥 3 + 1)
𝑥3 + 1 𝑥3 − 2
𝑦=∫ 𝑑𝑥
𝑥 𝑥3
𝑥3 + 1 1
𝑦=𝑥+ 2+𝑐
𝑥 𝑥
𝑥 1
𝑦= (𝑥 + 2 + 𝑐)
𝑥3 +1 𝑥
𝑐𝑥 1
𝑦= +
𝑥3 +1 𝑥

185.
dy
+ 𝑦𝑐𝑜𝑠(𝑥) = 𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑥𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥 𝑌(0) = 1
dx

𝑝(𝑥) = 𝑒 ∫ 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥𝑑𝑥 = 𝑒 𝑠𝑒𝑛(𝑥)

dy
𝑒 𝑠𝑒𝑛(𝑥) dx + 𝑒 𝑠𝑒𝑛(𝑥) 𝑦𝑐𝑜𝑠(𝑥) = 𝑒 𝑠𝑒𝑛(𝑥) 𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑥𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥

𝑒 𝑠𝑒𝑛(𝑥) 𝑦 = ∫ 𝑒 𝑠𝑒𝑛(𝑥) 𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑥𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥 𝑑𝑥

𝑒 𝑠𝑒𝑛(𝑥) 𝑦 = ∫ 𝑒 𝑠𝑒𝑛(𝑥) 𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑥𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥 𝑑𝑥

𝑒 𝑠𝑒𝑛(𝑥) 𝑦 = 𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑥𝑒 𝑠𝑒𝑛(𝑥) − 𝑒 𝑠𝑒𝑛(𝑥) + 𝑐

𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑥𝑒 𝑠𝑒𝑛(𝑥) −𝑒 𝑠𝑒𝑛(𝑥) +𝑐
𝑦= 𝑒 𝑠𝑒𝑛(𝑥)

𝑦 = 𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑥 − 1 + 𝑐𝑒 −𝑠𝑒𝑛(𝑥)

EJERCICIOS A
Resuelva cada uno de los siguientes ejercicios, sujetos a las condiciones donde se
den.
 𝑑𝑦 𝑥
(𝑎) = − 𝑦 ; 𝑦 = 2 𝑑𝑜𝑛𝑑𝑒 𝑥 = 1
𝑑𝑥

𝑦𝑑𝑦 = −𝑥𝑑𝑥 → 𝑥𝑑𝑥 + 𝑦𝑑𝑦 = 0

𝐼𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑔𝑟𝑎𝑛𝑑𝑜 𝑐𝑎𝑑𝑎 𝑡é𝑟𝑚𝑖𝑛𝑜 𝑑𝑒 𝑙𝑎 𝑒𝑐𝑢𝑎𝑐𝑖ó𝑛
∫ 𝑦𝑑𝑦 + ∫ 𝑥𝑑𝑥 = 𝐶
𝑆𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑐𝑖ó𝑛 𝑔𝑒𝑛𝑒𝑟𝑎𝑙
1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2
𝑦 + 𝑥 = 𝐶 →2( 𝑦 + 𝑥 ) = 𝐶 → 𝑦2 + 𝑥2 = 𝐶
2 2 2 2
𝑎𝑝𝑙𝑖𝑐𝑎𝑛𝑑𝑜 𝑣𝑎𝑙𝑜𝑟𝑒𝑠 𝑖𝑛𝑖𝑐𝑖𝑎𝑙𝑒𝑠
4+1=𝐶 →𝐶 =5
𝑆𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑐𝑖ó𝑛 𝑝𝑎𝑟𝑡𝑖𝑐𝑢𝑙𝑎𝑟
𝑦2 + 𝑥2 = 5
𝑑𝑦 𝑥
(𝑏) = − ; 𝑦(1) = 3
𝑑𝑥 𝑦
𝑆𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑐𝑖ó𝑛:
𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑥
+ =0
𝑦 𝑥
𝐼𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑔𝑟𝑎𝑛𝑑𝑜 𝑐𝑎𝑑𝑎 𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑚𝑖𝑛𝑜
𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑥
∫ +∫ =𝐶
𝑦 𝑥
ln 𝑦 + ln 𝑥 = 𝐶 → ln 𝑥𝑦 = ln 𝐶 → 𝑥𝑦 = 𝐶
(1)(3) = 𝐶 → 𝐶 = 3
ln 𝑦 + ln 𝑥 = 3

(𝑐) 3𝑥(𝑦 2 + 1)𝑑𝑥 + 𝑦(𝑥 2 + 2)𝑑𝑦 = 0

3𝑥 𝑦
𝑑𝑥 + 𝑑𝑦 = 0
𝑥2 + 2 𝑦2 + 1
3𝑥 𝑦
∫ 2 𝑑𝑥 + ∫ 2 𝑑𝑦 = 𝐶
𝑥 𝑦 +1
1 2𝑦𝑑𝑦 3 2𝑥𝑑𝑥 1 3
∫ 2 + ∫ 2 = 𝐶 → ln(𝑦 2 + 1) + ln(𝑥 2 + 2) = 𝐶
2 𝑦 +1 2 𝑥 +2 2 2
ln((𝑦 + 1) (𝑥 + 2) ) = 𝐶 → (𝑦 + 1)(𝑥 + 2)3 = 𝐶
2 2 3 2 2

(𝑑) 2𝑦𝑑𝑥 + 𝑒 −3𝑥 𝑑𝑦 = 0

𝑑𝑦
2𝑒 3𝑥 𝑑𝑥 + =0
𝑦
𝑑𝑦
∫ 2𝑒 3𝑥 𝑑𝑥 + ∫ =𝐶
𝑦
2
ln 𝑦 + 𝑒 3𝑥 = C → 3 ln 𝑦 + 2 𝑒 3𝑥 = C
3
 𝑥 + 𝑥𝑦 2
(𝑒) 𝑦 ′ = ; 𝑦(1) = 0
4𝑦
𝑑𝑦 𝑥(1 + 𝑦 2 ) 4𝑦
= → 𝑑𝑦 − 𝑥𝑑𝑥 = 0
𝑑𝑥 4𝑦 1 + 𝑦2
4𝑦
∫ 𝑑𝑦 − ∫ 𝑥𝑑𝑥 = 𝐶
1 + 𝑦2
2𝑦 2)
1 2
2∫ 𝑑𝑦 − ∫ 𝑥𝑑𝑥 = 𝐶 → 2 ln(1 + 𝑦 − 𝑥 → 4 ln(1 + 𝑦 2 ) − 𝑥 2 = 𝐶
1 + 𝑦2 2
𝑑𝜙
(f) 𝑟 𝑑𝑟 = 𝜙 2 + 1

Solución:
𝑑𝜙 𝑑𝜙 𝑑𝑟
𝑟 = 𝜙 2 + 1 ⇔ 𝜙2 +1 − =0
𝑑𝑟 𝑟

𝑑𝜙 𝑑𝑟
⇒∫ −∫ =𝐶
ϕ2 +1 𝑟

∴ arctan 𝜙 − ln|𝑟| = 𝐶
(g) 𝑠𝑒𝑛2 𝑦𝑑𝑥 + 𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 𝑥𝑑𝑦 = 0; 𝑦 (𝜋⁄4) = 𝜋⁄4

Solución:
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑦
𝑠𝑒𝑛2 𝑦𝑑𝑥 + 𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 𝑥𝑑𝑦 = 0 ⇔ 𝑐𝑜𝑠2 𝑥 + = 0 ⇔ 𝑠𝑒𝑐 2 𝑥𝑑𝑥 + 𝑐𝑠𝑐 2 𝑦𝑑𝑦 = 0
𝑠𝑒𝑛2 𝑦

⇒ ∫ 𝑠𝑒𝑐 2 𝑥𝑑𝑥 + ∫ 𝑐𝑠𝑐 2 𝑦𝑑𝑦 = 𝐶 ⇔ 𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑥 − 𝑐𝑜𝑡𝑦 = 𝐶

𝑥 = 𝜋⁄4 , 𝑦 = 𝜋⁄4 (2)
tan(𝜋⁄4) − cot(𝜋⁄4) = 𝐶 ⇔ 1 − 1 = 𝐶 ⇔ 𝐶 = 0 {(2) 𝑒𝑛 (1)} (3)
Al sustituir (3) en (1), se obtiene finalmente
1
tan 𝑥 − cot 𝑦 = 0 ⇔ tan 𝑥 = cot 𝑦 ⇔ tan 𝑥 = ⇔ tan 𝑥 tan 𝑦 = 1
tan 𝑦

(h) 𝑥 √1 + 𝑦 2 𝑑𝑥 = 𝑦 √1 + 𝑥 2 𝑑𝑦
Solución:
𝑥 𝑦
𝑥√1 + 𝑦 2 𝑑𝑥 = 𝑦√1 + 𝑥 2 𝑑𝑦 ⇔ 𝑑𝑥 − 𝑑𝑦 = 0
√1 + 𝑥 2 √1 + 𝑦 2
 𝑥 𝑦
⇒ ∫ √1+𝑥 2
𝑑𝑥 − ∫ 𝑑𝑦 = 𝐶1
√1+𝑦 2

1 2𝑥𝑑𝑥 1 2𝑦𝑑𝑦 2 𝑥𝑑𝑥 2 𝑦𝑑𝑦

⇒ ∫ − ∫ = 𝐶1 ⇔ ∫ − ∫ = 2𝐶1 (1)
2 √1 + 𝑥 2 2 √1 + 𝑦 2 √1 + 𝑥 2 √1 + 𝑦 2

Sea
𝑢 = 1 + 𝑥 2 ⇒ 𝑑𝑢 = 2𝑥𝑑𝑥
𝑢 = 1 + 𝑦 2 ⇒ 𝑑𝑣 = 2𝑦𝑑𝑦
Al sustituir (2) en (1) nos quedan dos integrales de evaluación directa:
𝑑𝑢 𝑑𝑣
∫ − ∫ = 2𝐶, ⇔ ∫ 𝑢−1⁄2 𝑑𝑢 − ∫ 𝑣 −1⁄2 𝑑𝑣 = 𝐶2
√𝑢 √𝑣

Resuelva la ecuación diferencial dada usando coeficientes indeterminados

1.-𝑦´´ + 3𝑦´ + 2𝑦 = 6

𝑚2 + 3𝑚 + 2 = 0
(𝑚 + 2)(𝑚 + 1)
𝑚1 = −2 𝑚2 = −1
𝑌𝑐 = 𝐶1 𝑒 −𝑥 𝐶2 𝑒 −2𝑥
𝑌𝑃 = 𝐴
𝑌𝑃 ´ = 0
𝑌𝑃′′ = 0
2A=6 A=3
𝑌𝑃 = 3
𝑌 = 𝐶1 𝑒 −𝑥 𝐶2 𝑒 −2𝑥 + 3

2.-𝑦´´ − 10𝑦´ + 25𝑦 = 30𝑥 + 3

𝑚2 − 10𝑚 + 25 = 0
(𝑚 − 5)(𝑚 − 5)
𝑚1 = 5 𝑚2 = 5
𝑌𝑐 = 𝐶1 𝑒 5𝑥 𝐶2 𝑥𝑒 5𝑥
𝑌𝑃 = 𝐴x+B
𝑌𝑃 ´ = 𝐴
𝑌𝑃′′ = 0
25A=30 -10A+25B=3
A=6/5 B= 6/5
6
𝑌𝑃 = 𝑥 + 6/5
5
6 6
𝑌𝑐 = 𝐶1 𝑒 5𝑥 𝐶2 𝑥𝑒 5𝑥 + 𝑥 +
5 5