submerger

English

Etymology

From submerge +‎ -er.

Noun

submerger (plural submergers)

1. (rare) Someone or something that submerges.

Anagrams

• Umbergers

French

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin submergere.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /syb.mɛʁ.ʒe/

• Audio:

  (file)

Verb

submerger

1. to submerge

   Ce navire a été submergé.

   The ship sank.

2. to engulf in or with something

   Je suis submergé de travail.

   I'm snowed under with work.

Conjugation

This is a regular -er verb, but the stem is written submerge- before endings that begin with -a- or -o- (to indicate that the -g- is a "soft" /ʒ/ and not a "hard" /ɡ/). This spelling change occurs in all verbs in -ger, such as neiger and manger.

Conjugation of submerger (see also Appendix:French verbs)

infinitive	simple	submerger
	compound	avoir + past participle
present participle or gerund1	simple	submergeant /syb.mɛʁ.ʒɑ̃/
	compound	ayant + past participle
past participle		submergé /syb.mɛʁ.ʒe/
		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		je (j’)	tu	il, elle, on	nous	vous	ils, elles
(simple tenses)	present	submerge /syb.mɛʁʒ/	submerges /syb.mɛʁʒ/	submerge /syb.mɛʁʒ/	submergeons /syb.mɛʁ.ʒɔ̃/	submergez /syb.mɛʁ.ʒe/	submergent /syb.mɛʁʒ/
	imperfect	submergeais /syb.mɛʁ.ʒɛ/	submergeais /syb.mɛʁ.ʒɛ/	submergeait /syb.mɛʁ.ʒɛ/	submergions /syb.mɛʁ.ʒjɔ̃/	submergiez /syb.mɛʁ.ʒje/	submergeaient /syb.mɛʁ.ʒɛ/
	past historic2	submergeai /syb.mɛʁ.ʒe/	submergeas /syb.mɛʁ.ʒa/	submergea /syb.mɛʁ.ʒa/	submergeâmes /syb.mɛʁ.ʒam/	submergeâtes /syb.mɛʁ.ʒat/	submergèrent /syb.mɛʁ.ʒɛʁ/
	future	submergerai /syb.mɛʁ.ʒə.ʁe/	submergeras /syb.mɛʁ.ʒə.ʁa/	submergera /syb.mɛʁ.ʒə.ʁa/	submergerons /syb.mɛʁ.ʒə.ʁɔ̃/	submergerez /syb.mɛʁ.ʒə.ʁe/	submergeront /syb.mɛʁ.ʒə.ʁɔ̃/
	conditional	submergerais /syb.mɛʁ.ʒə.ʁɛ/	submergerais /syb.mɛʁ.ʒə.ʁɛ/	submergerait /syb.mɛʁ.ʒə.ʁɛ/	submergerions /syb.mɛʁ.ʒə.ʁjɔ̃/	submergeriez /syb.mɛʁ.ʒə.ʁje/	submergeraient /syb.mɛʁ.ʒə.ʁɛ/
(compound tenses)	present perfect	present indicative of avoir + past participle
	pluperfect	imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle
	past anterior2	past historic of avoir + past participle
	future perfect	future of avoir + past participle
	conditional perfect	conditional of avoir + past participle
subjunctive		que je (j’)	que tu	qu’il, qu’elle	que nous	que vous	qu’ils, qu’elles
(simple tenses)	present	submerge /syb.mɛʁʒ/	submerges /syb.mɛʁʒ/	submerge /syb.mɛʁʒ/	submergions /syb.mɛʁ.ʒjɔ̃/	submergiez /syb.mɛʁ.ʒje/	submergent /syb.mɛʁʒ/
	imperfect2	submergeasse /syb.mɛʁ.ʒas/	submergeasses /syb.mɛʁ.ʒas/	submergeât /syb.mɛʁ.ʒa/	submergeassions /syb.mɛʁ.ʒa.sjɔ̃/	submergeassiez /syb.mɛʁ.ʒa.sje/	submergeassent /syb.mɛʁ.ʒas/
(compound tenses)	past	present subjunctive of avoir + past participle
	pluperfect2	imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle
imperative		–	tu	–	nous	vous	–
simple		—	submerge /syb.mɛʁʒ/	—	submergeons /syb.mɛʁ.ʒɔ̃/	submergez /syb.mɛʁ.ʒe/	—
compound		—	simple imperative of avoir + past participle	—	simple imperative of avoir + past participle	simple imperative of avoir + past participle	—
1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en.
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way: past historic → present perfect past anterior → pluperfect imperfect subjunctive → present subjunctive pluperfect subjunctive → past subjunctive (Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81).

Synonyms

submerger has most of the time a passive voice, active and transitive synonym is immerger.

Related terms

• submersible
• submersion
• immerger
• émerger

Further reading

• “submerger”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.