kindred

See also: Kindred

English

Alternative forms

• kinred (obsolete)

Etymology

From Middle English kyndrede, from older kynrede (“kindred”), from Old English cynrēd, cynrǣden (“kindred, family, stock”), from cynn (“kind, kin, lineage”) + -rǣden (“condition, state”). Equivalent to kin +‎ -red, see these. The -d- is epenthetic between a nasal and a liquid (as e.g. in spindle).

Pronunciation

• enPR: ˈkĭndrĭd, ˈkĭndrəd, IPA^(key): /ˈkɪndɹɪd/, /ˈkɪndɹəd/

• Audio (Southern England):

  (file)

• Audio (US):

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Noun

kindred (countable and uncountable, plural kindreds)

1. (often plural only) Distant and close relatives, collectively; kin. (Can we add an example for this sense?)
2. (often plural only) People of the same ethnic descent, not including speaker; brethren.
   • 1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Rev 1:7:

     *Behold he commeth with clouds, and euery eye ſhal ſee him,and they alſo which pearced him: and all kinreds of the earth ſhall waıle becauſe of him: euen ſo. Amen.

3. (countable) A grouping of relatives.
   • c. 1593 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tragedy of Richard the Third: […]”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act I, scene i]:

     Cla. By heauen, I thinke there is no man ſecure / But the Queenes Kindred, and night-walking Heralds, […]

4. (uncountable) Blood relationship.
   • 1777, Richard Brinsley Sheridan, The School for Scandal, V.i:

     He that is in Distress tho' a stranger has a right to claim kindred with the wealthy—

5. (uncountable) Affinity, likeness.
6. (countable) One who is kindred, literally or figuratively; a kin, kinsman.
   • 1995, Alanis Morissette (lyrics and music), “All I Really Want”, in Jagged Little Pill:

     And what I wouldn't give to find a soulmate?/Someone else to catch this drift/And what I wouldn't give to meet a kindred?

7. (countable, Germanic paganism) A household or group following the modern pagan faith of Heathenry or Ásatrú.

   Synonyms: hearth, garth, stead

   • 2009, Mark Ludwig Stinson, Heathen Gods: A Collection of Essays Concerning the Folkway of Our People‎^[1], page 174:

     We talked with Jonina about our kindred, Heathenry in the United States, Asatru in Iceland, and the details of our religious practice. […]

   • 2013 November 8, Patricia M. Lafayllve, A Practical Heathen's Guide to Asatru‎^[2], Llewellyn Worldwide, →ISBN, page 117:

     Your chosen kindred or other group is a Venn circle that contains you, but it may not be the same circle as your family.

   • 2019 May 20, Theodoric Dukka, A Heathen's Guide: Experiences & Advice On Magic & Spiritworking‎^[3], →ISBN, page 101:

     Not all, but many people believe that if you're not in a kindred, then you are not a real Norse Pagan or heathen.

Synonyms

• (people of same ethnic descent): brethren, kinship

Translations

kin — see kin

people of same ethnic descent

• Bulgarian: род (bg) m (rod), клан (bg) m (klan)
• Catalan: saga (ca) f
• Chinese:

  Mandarin: 親屬／亲属 (zh) (qīnshǔ), 眷屬／眷属 (zh) (juànshǔ)

• Dutch: soortgenoten (nl)
• French: tribu (fr) f
• German: Stammesbrüder (de) m pl, Stammesgeschwister n pl, Artgenossen (de) m pl
• Middle English: kynrede
• Spanish: etnia (es) f

Adjective

kindred (not comparable)

1. Of the same nature, or of similar character.
   • 1924, Aristotle, Metaphysics, translated by W. D. Ross, Nashotah, Wisconsin, USA: The Classical Library, 2001, book 1, part 1.

     We have said in the Ethics what the difference is between art and science and the other kindred faculties;

2. Connected, related, cognate, akin.

   kindred tongues

Synonyms

• See also Thesaurus:akin

Derived terms

• kindred soul
• kindred spirit

 

Translations

of the same nature

• Bulgarian: сроден (bg) (sroden), сходен (bg) (shoden)
• Dutch: gelijkaardig (nl), gelijkwaardig (nl), equivalent (nl)
• Finnish: samankaltainen (fi)
• Georgian: მონათესავე (monatesave), ნათესაური (natesauri)
• German: verwandt (de), gleichartig (de), ähnlich (de)
• Greek:

  Ancient: συγγενικός (sungenikós)

• Italian: affine (it)
• Polish: pokrewny (pl)
• Portuguese: semelhante (pt)
• Russian: ро́дственный (ru) (ródstvennyj)
• Swedish: besläktad (sv)
• Ukrainian: споріднений (uk) m (sporidnenyj)

Anagrams

• drinked