kilenc

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Hungarian

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Hungarian numbers (edit)
90
 ←  8 9 10  → 
    Cardinal: kilenc
    Nominal: kilences
    Ordinal: kilencedik
    Day of month: kilencedike
    A.o.: kilencedszer, kilencedjére
    Adverbial: kilencszer
    Multiplier: kilencszeres
    Distributive: kilencesével
    Collective: mind a kilenc
    Fractional: kilenced
    Number of people: kilencen

Etymology

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First attested in 1378. Uncertain origin. Perhaps developed from the kül ~ kil variants of kívül (outside). The “outside of something” meaning may refer to the fact that the number ten has not yet been reached. Compare Northern Mansi онтолов (ontolov, literally side to ten) vs. лов (lov) and Northern Khanty яртъяӈ (jart”jaṇ) vs. яӈ (jaṇ) (“nine” and “ten”). The n is perhaps an adverb-of-location suffix; the c [t͡s] may be a remnant of a word with the meaning of “ten” in related languages, as in Komi-Zyrian ӧкмыс (ökmys), Udmurt укмыс (ukmys). See also nyolc (eight) and harminc (thirty).[1]

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): [ˈkilɛnt͡s]
  • Audio:(file)
  • Hyphenation: ki‧lenc
  • Rhymes: -ɛnt͡s

Numeral

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kilenc

  1. nine

Declension

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Inflection (stem in -e-, front unrounded harmony)
singular plural
nominative kilenc kilencek
accusative kilencet kilenceket
dative kilencnek kilenceknek
instrumental kilenccel kilencekkel
causal-final kilencért kilencekért
translative kilenccé kilencekké
terminative kilencig kilencekig
essive-formal kilencként kilencekként
essive-modal
inessive kilencben kilencekben
superessive kilencen kilenceken
adessive kilencnél kilenceknél
illative kilencbe kilencekbe
sublative kilencre kilencekre
allative kilenchez kilencekhez
elative kilencből kilencekből
delative kilencről kilencekről
ablative kilenctől kilencektől
non-attributive
possessive - singular
kilencé kilenceké
non-attributive
possessive - plural
kilencéi kilencekéi
Possessive forms of kilenc
possessor single possession multiple possessions
1st person sing. kilencem kilenceim
2nd person sing. kilenced kilenceid
3rd person sing. kilence kilencei
1st person plural kilencünk kilenceink
2nd person plural kilencetek kilenceitek
3rd person plural kilencük kilenceik

Derived terms

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Compound words with numerals
Other compound words

(Non-institutionalized adjectival compounds with single-element numerals [excerpt]):
kilencezres, kilencmilliós, kilencmilliárdos, kilencbilliós; kilencméteres, kilenccentis, kilenckilós, kilencdekás, kilencgrammos, kilenctonnás, kilencliteres; kilencwattos, kilencamperes; kilencperces, kilencórás, kilencórai, kilencórányi, kilencnapi, kilencnapos, kilenchetes, kilencheti, kilencéves, kilencévi, kilenchavi; kilencpercenként, kilencóránként, kilencnaponta, kilencnaponként, kilenchetente, kilenchetenként, kilenchavonta, kilenchavonként, kilencévente, kilencévenként; kilencfokos, kilencfokú, kilencirányú, kilencoldalas, kilencoldalú, kilenckötetes, kilencdimenziós, kilencszázalékos, kilenckerekű, kilencfős, kilencfőnyi, kilencnyelvű, kilencgyerekes / kilencgyermekes, kilenctagú, kilencelemű, kilencrészes, kilencemeletes, kilencrétegű, kilencszintes, kilencablakos, kilencajtós, kilencüléses, kilencjegyű, kilencpontos, kilencszavas, kilencbetűs, kilencsoros; kilencforintos, kilencdolláros, kilenceurós; kilenclábú, kilencágú, kilencfejű, kilenckezű, kilenckarú, kilencszemű, kilencfülű, kilenclevelű.

References

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  1. ^ kilenc in Károly Gerstner, editor, Új magyar etimológiai szótár [New Etymological Dictionary of Hungarian] (ÚESz.), Online edition (beta version), Budapest: MTA Research Institute for Linguistics / Hungarian Research Centre for Linguistics, 2011–2024.

Further reading

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  • kilenc in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (“The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language”, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN