chi
Translingual
[edit]Symbol
[edit]chi
English
[edit]← phi |
![]() ![]() |
→ psi |
Wikipedia article on chi |
Etymology 1
[edit]From Latin chī, from Ancient Greek χεῖ (kheî).
Alternative forms
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]chi (plural chis)
- The twenty-second letter of the Classical and Modern Greek alphabets.
Derived terms
[edit]Derived terms
[edit]Translations
[edit]
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Etymology 2
[edit]From the Mandarin 氣/气 (qì) from the Wade–Giles romanization: chʻi⁴, from Middle Chinese 氣 (MC khj+jH), from Old Chinese 氣 (OC *kʰɯds, “breath, vapor”). Compare modern Japanese 気 (ki), Korean 기(氣) (gi) and Vietnamese khí (氣).
Pronunciation
[edit]- IPA(key): /t͡ʃiː/
Audio (Southern England): (file)
Noun
[edit]chi (usually uncountable, plural chis)
- (philosophy) A life force in traditional Chinese philosophy, culture, medicine, etc, related (but not limited) to breath and circulation.
- [1987, “ch'i”, in Encyclopedia Britannica[1], 15th edition, volume 3, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 186, column 3:
- Early Taoist philosophers and alchemists regarded ch'i as a vital force inhering in the breath and bodily fluids and developed techniques to alter and control the movement of ch'i within the body; their aim was to achieve physical longevity and spiritual power.]
- 2001, Eoin Colfer, Artemis Fowl, Viking Press, page 196:
- He took several deep breaths, finding his chi as Butler had taught him.
- 2013 April 2, David Tanis, “Hurry Up, Spring”, in The New York Times[2], →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 02 April 2013, Dining & Wine[3]:
- At the greenmarket, it’s still mostly potatoes and apples. There are no tender greens, fava beans, peas, asparagus, artichokes, sorrel, rhubarb or early strawberries.
Those harbingers of the season are said to be full of chi, or qi, the Chinese word for life force. We’re craving them as we’re craving lighter, brighter-tasting meals, food that is greener and fresher.
- 2017 January 8, Leslie Hsu Oh, “I tried the Chinese practice of ‘sitting the month’ after childbirth”, in The Washington Post[4], →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 08 January 2017, Health & Science[5]:
- According to traditional Chinese medicine, blood carries chi, your “life force,” which fuels all the functions of the body. When you lose blood, you lose chi, and this causes your body to go into a state of yin (cold). When yin (cold) and yang (hot) are out of balance, your body will suffer physical disorders.
Alternative forms
[edit]Related terms
[edit]Translations
[edit]
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See also
[edit]Etymology 3
[edit]From the pinyin romanization of Mandarin 尺 (chǐ). Doublet of chek.
Alternative forms
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]- IPA(key): /t͡ʃə/
Audio (Southern England): (file)
Noun
[edit]chi (usually uncountable, plural chis)
- The Chinese foot, a traditional Chinese unit of length based on the human forearm.
- (Mainland China) The Chinese unit of length standardized in 1984 as 1/3 of a meter.
- (Taiwan) The Taiwanese unit of length standardized as 10/33 of a meter, identical to the Japanese shaku.
- (Hong Kong) The chek or Hong Kong foot, a unit of length standardized as 0.371475 meters.
Synonyms
[edit]- (traditional, mainland): Chinese foot
- (Taiwan): Taiwanese foot
- (Hong Kong): Hong Kong foot, chek
Related terms
[edit]- shaku, the equivalent Japanese unit
Etymology 4
[edit]Noun
[edit]chi (plural chis)
- Clipping of chihuahua.
See also
[edit]Anagrams
[edit]Atsahuaca
[edit]Noun
[edit]chi
Cornish
[edit]Alternative forms
[edit]- (Standard Cornish) chy
Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Brythonic *tɨɣ, from Proto-Celtic *tegos, from Proto-Indo-European *(s)teg-.
Pronunciation
[edit]- (Revived Middle Cornish) IPA(key): [tʃiː]
Noun
[edit]chi m (plural chiow or treven)
- (Standard Written Form) house
Mutation
[edit]Cornish consonant mutation | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
unmutated | soft | aspirate | hard | mixed | mixed after 'th |
chi | ji | unchanged | unchanged | unchanged | unchanged |
Dutch
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Ancient Greek χεῖ (kheî).
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]chi m or f (plural chi's, diminutive chi'tje n)
- chi (letter of the Greek alphabet)
Further reading
[edit]chi on the Dutch Wikipedia.Wikipedia nl
Esperanto
[edit]Particle
[edit]chi
- H-system spelling of ĉi
Garo
[edit]Alternative forms
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Bodo-Garo *tɯi¹ (“water”), from Proto-Tibeto-Burman *ti(y), from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *m-t(w)əj-n ~ m-ti-s (“water; fluid; liquid; river; to soak; to spit”). Cognate with Atong (India) tyi (“water”), Kokborok twi (“water”).
Noun
[edit]chi
Derived terms
[edit]- chibatram
- chibima
- chibol
- chidari
- chidek
- chiga
- chigitok
- chiganduri
- chijima
- chiklok
- chimik
- chipek
- chirama
- chiret
- chiriking
References
[edit]- The Bodos in Assam: a socio-cultural study, year 2005-2006 (2007)
Guerrero Amuzgo
[edit]Noun
[edit]chi
Adverb
[edit]chi
Italian
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]From Latin quis, from Proto-Indo-European *kʷis, *kʷos.
Pronoun
[edit]chi
Etymology 2
[edit]From Latin quī, from Old Latin quei, from Proto-Italic *kʷoi.
Pronoun
[edit]chi
Etymology 3
[edit]Borrowed from Latin chī, from Ancient Greek χεῖ (kheî).
Noun
[edit]chi m or f (invariable)
- chi (Greek letter)
Further reading
[edit]chi in Luciano Canepari, Dizionario di Pronuncia Italiana (DiPI)
Japanese
[edit]Romanization
[edit]chi
K'iche'
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Conjunction
[edit]chi
Related terms
[edit]- are chi (“in order that”)
- chi chawal (“in secret”)
- chi ik’ (“monthly”)
- chi jumul (“once again”)
- chi nojimal (“slowly; little by little”)
- chi saqil (“in the open; openly”)
- libaj chi (“early”)
- rajwaxik chi (“to be necessary to”)
- taqom chi kaj (“commanded from heaven; sent from heaven”)
- -umal chi (“because”)
- wuqoj chi paq (“bubble”)
- wuqüb chi wuqub (“7x7”)
References
[edit]- Allen J. Christenson, Kʼiche-English dictionary
Kokborok
[edit]Numeral
[edit]chi
References
[edit]- Binoy Debbarma, Concise Kokborok-English-Bengali Dictionary (2001)
Ladin
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Latin quis, from Proto-Indo-European *kʷís. Cognates include French qui and Italian chi.
Pronoun
[edit]chi
Lashi
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Pronoun
[edit]chi
- what?
References
[edit]- Hkaw Luk (2017) A grammatical sketch of Lacid[6], Chiang Mai: Payap University (master thesis)
Lombard
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Akin to Italian chi, from Latin quis.
Pronoun
[edit]chi
Mandarin
[edit]Romanization
[edit]chi
- Nonstandard spelling of chī.
- Nonstandard spelling of chí.
- Nonstandard spelling of chǐ.
- Nonstandard spelling of chì.
Usage notes
[edit]- Transcriptions of Mandarin into the Latin script often do not distinguish between the critical tonal differences employed in the Mandarin language, using words such as this one without indication of tone.
Norman
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Adjective
[edit]chi m
- Alternative form of chièr
Polish
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]Interjection
[edit]chi
- he (expression of laughter)
Etymology 2
[edit]Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek χεῖ (kheî).
Noun
[edit]chi n (indeclinable)
- chi (Greek letter Χ, χ)
Etymology 3
[edit]Borrowed from Mandarin 氣/气 (qì), from Middle Chinese 氣 (MC khj+jH), from Old Chinese 氣 (OC *kʰɯds).
Noun
[edit]chi n (indeclinable)
- (philosophy, pseudoscience) chi (fundamental life-force or energy)
Further reading
[edit]- chi in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
- chi in Polish dictionaries at PWN
Portuguese
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]
Noun
[edit]chi m (plural chis)
- (Portugal, colloquial) bear hug (any especially large, tight or enthusiastic hug)
- Synonym: chi-coração
Noun
[edit]chi m (plural chis)
- Alternative form of qi
Sardinian
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Latin quid, from Proto-Italic *kʷid, from Proto-Indo-European *kʷid.
Pronunciation
[edit]Conjunction
[edit]chi
- (Limba Sarda Comuna) that
Pronoun
[edit]chi
Sassarese
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From a conflation of Latin quia, quod, and other conjunctions.
Pronunciation
[edit]Conjunction
[edit]chi
- that
- Li me' amigghi dìzini chi soggu simpàtiggu
- My friends say that I'm nice
- than
- Mégliu figlioru di la bonasorthi chi figlioru di re
- Better [to be] son of good luck than son of a king
Derived terms
[edit]Related terms
[edit]Pronoun
[edit]chi
- (relative) who, whom, which
- Lu giràniu, chi ha curori dibessi, dura umbè di tempu fioriddu
- Geraniums, which have various colors, stay in blossom for a long time
- (literally, “The geranium, which has different colors, lasts a lot of time in blossom”)
Adjective
[edit]chi (invariable)
References
[edit]- Rubattu, Antoninu (2006) Dizionario universale della lingua di Sardegna, 2nd edition, Sassari: Edes
Spanish
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From sí.
Pronunciation
[edit]Particle
[edit]chi
Vietnamese
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]- (Hà Nội) IPA(key): [t͡ɕi˧˧]
- (Huế) IPA(key): [t͡ɕɪj˧˧]
- (Saigon) IPA(key): [cɪj˧˧]
Audio (Hà Nội): (file)
Etymology 1
[edit]Sino-Vietnamese word from 支 (“branch; to spend”).
Noun
[edit]chi
Derived terms
[edit]Related terms
[edit]- (Taxonomy) phân loại sinh học; vực (“domain”) / liên giới (“domain”), giới (“kingdom”), ngành (“phylum”), lớp (“class”), bộ (“order”), họ (“family”), chi (“genus”) / giống (“genus”) , loài (“species”) (Category: vi:Taxonomy)
Verb
[edit]chi
Derived terms
[edit]Etymology 2
[edit]Sino-Vietnamese word from 肢.
Noun
[edit]chi
Usage notes
[edit]In everyday speech, limbs collectively are referred to as tay chân or chân tay, but there is no word for an individual limb, apart from the more specific tay (“arm”) and chân (“leg”).
Derived terms
[edit]Etymology 3
[edit](This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.) Cognate with gì (the form affected by lenition) and Muong Bi chi.
Pronoun
[edit]- (Central Vietnam, literary elsewhere) what; whatever
- Synonym: gì
- Mi mần chi rứa?
- What are you doing over there?
- (Can we date this quote?), “Tình đến rồi đi [Love Comes and Goes]”, performed by Thu Thủy:
- Cuộc tình đến rồi đi. Buồn làm chi nhung nhớ làm gì.
- Love comes and goes. Why be sad? Why be tormented by it?
Derived terms
[edit]Adverb
[edit]- (Central Vietnam, Southern Vietnam) what for
- Làm vậy chi?
- What did you do that for?
Welsh
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]From Middle Welsh chwi, from Proto-Celtic *swīs (compare Breton c’hwi, Cornish hwi, Old Irish síi), from Proto-Indo-European *wos.
Alternative forms
[edit]- chwi (literary)
Pronoun
[edit]chi
- you (plural; polite)
Usage notes
[edit]- In the singular, chi is a polite form like French vous or German Sie.
- Chi is a feature of most registers of Modern Welsh, whereas very literary Welsh employs chwi.
- In certain southwestern dialects, chi is used as the indefinite personal pronoun like English you.
Etymology 2
[edit]Noun
[edit]chi m
- aspirated form of ci
Mutation
[edit]Welsh mutation | |||
---|---|---|---|
radical | soft | nasal | aspirate |
ci | gi | nghi | chi |
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. |
Yola
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Clipping of chemis (“pieces”).
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]chi
- A small quantity
- Synonym: smaddereen
- 1867, GLOSSARY OF THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY:
- A chi of barach.
- A little barley.
References
[edit]- Jacob Poole (d. 1827) (before 1828) William Barnes, editor, A Glossary, With some Pieces of Verse, of the old Dialect of the English Colony in the Baronies of Forth and Bargy, County of Wexford, Ireland, London: J. Russell Smith, published 1867, page 30
Zou
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]From Proto-Kuki-Chin *tsii, from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *dzəy. Cognates include Burmese အစေ့ (a.ce.).
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]chi
Etymology 2
[edit]From Proto-Kuki-Chin *tsii, from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *m-tsji.
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]chi
References
[edit]- Lukram Himmat Singh (2013) A Descriptive Grammar of Zou, Canchipur: Manipur University, page 44
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