carrus

English

Alternative forms

• charrus

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin carrus. Doublet of car.

Noun

carrus (plural carri)

1. (uncommon, historical) A load: various English units of weight or volume based upon standardized cartloads of certain commodities.

Synonyms

• See load

Hyponyms

• See load

Latin

Alternative forms

• carrum, charrus

Etymology

Borrowed from Gaulish *karros, from Proto-Celtic *karros (“wagon”), from Proto-Indo-European *ḱr̥sós, zero-grade form of *ḱers- (“to run”). Doublet of currus.

Pronunciation

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): /ˈkar.rus/, [ˈkärːʊs̠]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /ˈkar.rus/, [ˈkärːus]

Noun

carrus m (genitive carrī); second declension

1. a wagon, a two-wheeled baggage cart
2. a cartload, a wagonload
3. (New Latin) car
4. (Medieval Latin) a load, an English unit of weight
   • c. 1300, Tractatus de Ponderibus et Mensuris:

     Saccus lane debet ponderare viginti & octo petras & solebat ponderare unam summam frumenti & ponderat sextam partem unius carri de plumbo

     The sack of wool ought to weigh twenty & eight stone & is accustomed to weigh one quarter of wheat & weights the sixth part of one cartload of lead.

Declension

Second-declension noun.

Case	Singular	Plural
Nominative	carrus	carrī
Genitive	carrī	carrōrum
Dative	carrō	carrīs
Accusative	carrum	carrōs
Ablative	carrō	carrīs
Vocative	carre	carrī

Synonyms

• (vehicle): plaustrum, iumentum, currus
• (unit of weight or volume): charrus, carecta, plaustrata

Hyponyms

• (¹⁄₃₀ carrus) fontinellus, fotmal, pes
• (¹⁄₁₅₀ carrus) petra
• (¹⁄₂₁₀₀ carrus) libra

Derived terms

• carrārius
• carricō
• carrūca

Descendants

• → Albanian: *karr
  • Albanian: qerre
    • Albanian: kerr
• → Ancient Greek: κάρρον (kárrhon)
• Aromanian: car
• Asturian: carru
• Catalan: carro
• → Czech: kára
• → Dutch: kar
• Friulian: cjâr, cjar
• → German: Karre
• Italian: carro
• Occitan: car, carri, carro
• → Old Armenian: կառք (kaṙkʻ), կառ (kaṙ) — uncommon, in the singular
  • → Armenian: կառք (kaṙkʻ)
• Old French: char
  • French: char
• Old French: carre
  • → Middle English: carre, car, kerre
    • English: car (see there for further descendants)
    • Yola: car
• Old Galician-Portuguese: carro
  • Fala: carru
  • Galician: carro
  • Portuguese: carro
• Old Spanish: carro
  • Spanish: carro
    • → Cebuano: karo
    • → Tagalog: karo
• → Polish: kareta
• → Russian: карета (kareta)
• Romagnol: car
• Romanian: car, încărca
• Sardinian: carru
• Sicilian: carru
• Venetan: car, caro, caret
• → Old Norse: kerra f
  • Icelandic: kerra
  • Faroese: kerra
  • Norwegian Nynorsk: kjerre; (dialectal) kjerra, kjørr, kjarra
  • Norwegian Bokmål: kjerre
  • Swedish: kärra
  • Danish: kærre

References

• “carrus”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “carrus”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• carrus in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
• carrus in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• “carrus”, in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898), Harper's Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
• “carrus”, in William Smith et al., editor (1890), A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, London: William Wayte. G. E. Marindin

Sardinian

Noun

carrus m pl

1. plural of carru