blamál
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Hungarian
[edit]Etymology
[edit]First attested in 1876.[1] From German blamieren, from French blâmer, from Late Latin blasphemare, from blasphemia.[2] With the verb-forming suffix -ál.
Pronunciation
[edit]Verb
[edit]blamál
- (transitive, colloquial) to compromise someone, bring shame on someone, disgrace someone
Conjugation
[edit]conjugation of blamál
Click for archaic forms | 1st person sg | 2nd person sg informal |
3rd person sg, 2nd p. sg formal |
1st person pl | 2nd person pl informal |
3rd person pl, 2nd p. pl formal | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Indicative mood |
Present | Indef. | blamálok | blamálsz | blamál | blamálunk | blamáltok | blamálnak | |
Def. | blamálom | blamálod | blamálja | blamáljuk | blamáljátok | blamálják | |||
2nd-p. o. | blamállak | ― | |||||||
Past | Indef. | blamáltam | blamáltál | blamált | blamáltunk | blamáltatok | blamáltak | ||
Def. | blamáltam | blamáltad | blamálta | blamáltuk | blamáltátok | blamálták | |||
2nd-p. o. | blamáltalak | ― | |||||||
Future | Future is expressed with a present-tense verb with a completion-marking prefix and/or a time adverb, or—more explicitly—with the infinitive plus the conjugated auxiliary verb fog, e.g. blamálni fog. | ||||||||
Archaic Preterit |
Indef. | blamálék | blamálál | blamála | blamálánk | blamálátok | blamálának | ||
Def. | blamálám | blamálád | blamálá | blamálánk | blamálátok | blamálák | |||
2nd-p. o. | blamálálak | ― | |||||||
Archaic Past | Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala (volt), e.g. blamál vala, blamált vala/volt. | ||||||||
Archaic Future |
Indef. | blamálandok | blamálandasz | blamáland | blamálandunk | blamálandotok | blamálandanak | ||
Def. | blamálandom | blamálandod | blamálandja | blamálandjuk | blamálandjátok | blamálandják | |||
2nd-p. o. | blamálandalak | ― | |||||||
Conditional mood |
Present | Indef. | blamálnék | blamálnál | blamálna | blamálnánk | blamálnátok | blamálnának | |
Def. | blamálnám | blamálnád | blamálná | blamálnánk (or blamálnók) |
blamálnátok | blamálnák | |||
2nd-p. o. | blamálnálak | ― | |||||||
Past | Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. blamált volna | ||||||||
Subjunctive mood |
Present | Indef. | blamáljak | blamálj or blamáljál |
blamáljon | blamáljunk | blamáljatok | blamáljanak | |
Def. | blamáljam | blamáld or blamáljad |
blamálja | blamáljuk | blamáljátok | blamálják | |||
2nd-p. o. | blamáljalak | ― | |||||||
(Archaic) Past | Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. blamált légyen | ||||||||
Infinitive | blamálni | blamálnom | blamálnod | blamálnia | blamálnunk | blamálnotok | blamálniuk | ||
Other forms |
Verbal noun | Present part. | Past part. | Future part. | Adverbial participle | Causative | |||
blamálás | blamáló | blamált | blamálandó | blamálva (blamálván) | blamáltat | ||||
The archaic passive conjugation had the same -(t)at/-(t)et suffix as the causative, followed by -ik in the 3rd-person singular (and the concomitant changes in conditional and subjunctive mostly in the 1st- and 3rd-person singular like with other traditional -ik verbs). | |||||||||
potential conjugation of blamál
Click for archaic forms | 1st person sg | 2nd person sg informal |
3rd person sg, 2nd p. sg formal |
1st person pl | 2nd person pl informal |
3rd person pl, 2nd p. pl formal | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Indicative mood |
Present | Indef. | blamálhatok | blamálhatsz | blamálhat | blamálhatunk | blamálhattok | blamálhatnak | |
Def. | blamálhatom | blamálhatod | blamálhatja | blamálhatjuk | blamálhatjátok | blamálhatják | |||
2nd-p. o. | blamálhatlak | ― | |||||||
Past | Indef. | blamálhattam | blamálhattál | blamálhatott | blamálhattunk | blamálhattatok | blamálhattak | ||
Def. | blamálhattam | blamálhattad | blamálhatta | blamálhattuk | blamálhattátok | blamálhatták | |||
2nd-p. o. | blamálhattalak | ― | |||||||
Archaic Preterit |
Indef. | blamálhaték | blamálhatál | blamálhata | blamálhatánk | blamálhatátok | blamálhatának | ||
Def. | blamálhatám | blamálhatád | blamálhatá | blamálhatánk | blamálhatátok | blamálhaták | |||
2nd-p. o. | blamálhatálak | ― | |||||||
Archaic Past | Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala, e.g. blamálhat vala, blamálhatott vala/volt. | ||||||||
Archaic Future |
Indef. | blamálhatandok or blamálandhatok |
blamálhatandasz or blamálandhatsz |
blamálhatand or blamálandhat |
blamálhatandunk or blamálandhatunk |
blamálhatandotok or blamálandhattok |
blamálhatandanak or blamálandhatnak | ||
Def. | blamálhatandom or blamálandhatom |
blamálhatandod or blamálandhatod |
blamálhatandja or blamálandhatja |
blamálhatandjuk or blamálandhatjuk |
blamálhatandjátok or blamálandhatjátok |
blamálhatandják or blamálandhatják | |||
2nd-p. o. | blamálhatandalak or blamálandhatlak |
― | |||||||
Conditional mood |
Present | Indef. | blamálhatnék | blamálhatnál | blamálhatna | blamálhatnánk | blamálhatnátok | blamálhatnának | |
Def. | blamálhatnám | blamálhatnád | blamálhatná | blamálhatnánk (or blamálhatnók) |
blamálhatnátok | blamálhatnák | |||
2nd-p. o. | blamálhatnálak | ― | |||||||
Past | Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. blamálhatott volna | ||||||||
Subjunctive mood |
Present | Indef. | blamálhassak | blamálhass or blamálhassál |
blamálhasson | blamálhassunk | blamálhassatok | blamálhassanak | |
Def. | blamálhassam | blamálhasd or blamálhassad |
blamálhassa | blamálhassuk | blamálhassátok | blamálhassák | |||
2nd-p. o. | blamálhassalak | ― | |||||||
(Archaic) Past | Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. blamálhatott légyen | ||||||||
Inf. | (blamálhatni) | (blamálhatnom) | (blamálhatnod) | (blamálhatnia) | (blamálhatnunk) | (blamálhatnotok) | (blamálhatniuk) | ||
Positive adjective | blamálható | Neg. adj. | blamálhatatlan | Adv. part. | (blamálhatva / blamálhatván) | ||||
Derived terms
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ blamál in Zaicz, Gábor (ed.). Etimológiai szótár: Magyar szavak és toldalékok eredete (‘Dictionary of Etymology: The origin of Hungarian words and affixes’). Budapest: Tinta Könyvkiadó, 2006, →ISBN. (See also its 2nd edition.)
- ^ Tótfalusi, István. Idegenszó-tár: Idegen szavak értelmező és etimológiai szótára (’A Storehouse of Foreign Words: an explanatory and etymological dictionary of foreign words’). Budapest: Tinta Könyvkiadó, 2005. →ISBN
Further reading
[edit]- blamál in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (“The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language”, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN
- blamál in Ittzés, Nóra (ed.). A magyar nyelv nagyszótára (‘A Comprehensive Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 2006–2031 (work in progress; published A–ez as of 2024)
Categories:
- Hungarian terms derived from German
- Hungarian terms derived from French
- Hungarian terms derived from Late Latin
- Hungarian verbs suffixed with -ál
- Hungarian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Hungarian/aːl
- Rhymes:Hungarian/aːl/2 syllables
- Hungarian lemmas
- Hungarian verbs
- Hungarian transitive verbs
- Hungarian colloquialisms