assaillir

French

Etymology

Inherited from Old French assaillir, assalir, from Late Latin assalīre (“attack”, literally “jump on”), from Latin salīre (“jump”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /a.sa.jiʁ/

• Audio:

  (file)

Verb

assaillir

1. to assail; to assault; to attack

Conjugation

This verb is part of a small group of verbs in -ir that conjugate in the indicative imperfect and present, the subjunctive present, and the present participle, as if they ended in -er. They are sometimes written with an 'e' in the future and imperfect, like cueillir and other verbs in -llir.

Conjugation of assaillir (see also Appendix:French verbs)

infinitive	simple	assaillir
	compound	avoir + past participle
present participle or gerund1	simple	assaillant /a.sa.jɑ̃/
	compound	ayant + past participle
past participle		assailli /a.sa.ji/
		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		je (j’)	tu	il, elle, on	nous	vous	ils, elles
(simple tenses)	present	assaille /a.saj/	assailles /a.saj/	assaille /a.saj/	assaillons /a.sa.jɔ̃/	assaillez /a.sa.je/	assaillent /a.saj/
	imperfect	assaillais /a.sa.jɛ/	assaillais /a.sa.jɛ/	assaillait /a.sa.jɛ/	assaillions /a.saj.jɔ̃/	assailliez /a.saj.je/	assaillaient /a.sa.jɛ/
	past historic2	assaillis /a.sa.ji/	assaillis /a.sa.ji/	assaillit /a.sa.ji/	assaillîmes /a.sa.jim/	assaillîtes /a.sa.jit/	assaillirent /a.sa.jiʁ/
	future	assaillirai or assaillerai /a.sa.ji.ʁe/ or /a.saj.ʁe/	assailliras or assailleras /a.sa.ji.ʁa/ or /a.saj.ʁa/	assaillira or assaillera /a.sa.ji.ʁa/ or /a.saj.ʁa/	assaillirons or assaillerons /a.sa.ji.ʁɔ̃/ or /a.saj.ʁɔ̃/	assaillirez or assaillerez /a.sa.ji.ʁe/ or /a.saj.ʁe/	assailliront or assailleront /a.sa.ji.ʁɔ̃/ or /a.saj.ʁɔ̃/
	conditional	assaillirais or assaillerais /a.sa.ji.ʁɛ/ or /a.saj.ʁɛ/	assaillirais or assaillerais /a.sa.ji.ʁɛ/ or /a.saj.ʁɛ/	assaillirait or assaillerait /a.sa.ji.ʁɛ/ or /a.saj.ʁɛ/	assaillirions or assaillerions /a.sa.ji.ʁjɔ̃/ or /a.sa.jə.ʁjɔ̃/	assailliriez or assailleriez /a.sa.ji.ʁje/ or /a.sa.jə.ʁje/	assailliraient or assailleraient /a.sa.ji.ʁɛ/ or /a.saj.ʁɛ/
(compound tenses)	present perfect	present indicative of avoir + past participle
	pluperfect	imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle
	past anterior2	past historic of avoir + past participle
	future perfect	future of avoir + past participle
	conditional perfect	conditional of avoir + past participle
subjunctive		que je (j’)	que tu	qu’il, qu’elle	que nous	que vous	qu’ils, qu’elles
(simple tenses)	present	assaille /a.saj/	assailles /a.saj/	assaille /a.saj/	assaillions /a.saj.jɔ̃/	assailliez /a.saj.je/	assaillent /a.saj/
	imperfect2	assaillisse /a.sa.jis/	assaillisses /a.sa.jis/	assaillît /a.sa.ji/	assaillissions /a.sa.ji.sjɔ̃/	assaillissiez /a.sa.ji.sje/	assaillissent /a.sa.jis/
(compound tenses)	past	present subjunctive of avoir + past participle
	pluperfect2	imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle
imperative		–	tu	–	nous	vous	–
simple		—	assaille /a.saj/	—	assaillons /a.sa.jɔ̃/	assaillez /a.sa.je/	—
compound		—	simple imperative of avoir + past participle	—	simple imperative of avoir + past participle	simple imperative of avoir + past participle	—
1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en.
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way: past historic → present perfect past anterior → pluperfect imperfect subjunctive → present subjunctive pluperfect subjunctive → past subjunctive (Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81).

Further reading

• “assaillir”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.

Middle French

Verb

assaillir

1. to assail; to assault; to attack

Old French

Verb

assaillir

1. alternative infinitive of assalir.

Conjugation

This verb conjugates as a third-group verb. This verb has irregularities in its conjugation. Old French conjugation varies significantly by date and by region. The following conjugation should be treated as a guide.

    Conjugation of assaillir (see also Appendix:Old French verbs)

		simple			compound
infinitive		assaillir			avoir assali, assailli
gerund		en assalant, assaillant			gerund of avoir + past participle
present participle		assalant, assaillant
past participle		assali, assailli
person		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		jo	tu	il	nos	vos	il
simple tenses	present	assail	assaus	assaut	assalons, assaillons	assalez, assailliez	assalent, assaillent
	imperfect	assaloie, assaleie, assailloie, assailleie	assaloies, assaleies, assailloies, assailleies	assaloit, assaleit, assailloit, assailleit	assaliiens, assaliens, assailliiens, assailliens	assaliiez, assaliez, assailliiez, assailliez	assaloient, assaleient, assailloient, assailleient
	preterite	assali, assailli	assalis, assaillis	assali, assailli	assalimes, assaillimes	assalistes, assaillistes	assalirent, assaillirent
	future	assaudrai	assaudras	assaudra	assaudrons	assaudroiz, assaudreiz, assaudrez	assaudront
	conditional	assaudroie, assaudreie	assaudroies, assaudreies	assaudroit, assaudreit	assaudriiens, assaudriens	assaudriiez, assaudriez	assaudroient, assaudreient
compound tenses	present perfect	present tense of avoir + past participle
	pluperfect	imperfect tense of avoir + past participle
	past anterior	preterite tense of avoir + past participle
	future perfect	future tense of avoir + past participle
	conditional perfect	conditional tense of avoir + past participle
subjunctive		que jo	que tu	qu’il	que nos	que vos	qu’il
simple tenses	present	assaille	assailles	assaille	assailliens, assaillons	assailliez	assaillent
	imperfect	assaillise	assaillises	assaillit	assaillisons, assaillisiens	assaillisoiz, assaillisez, assaillisiez	assaillisent
compound tenses	past	present subjunctive of avoir + past participle
	pluperfect	imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle
imperative		–	tu	–	nos	vos	–
		—	assail	—	assalons, assaillons	assalez, assailliez	—