momentum
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English
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Latin mōmentum. Doublet of moment and movement.
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]momentum (countable and uncountable, plural momentums or momenta)
- (physics) Of a body in motion: the tendency of a body to maintain its inertial motion; the product of its mass and velocity, or the vector sum of the products of its masses and velocities.
- (physics) Strength or force gained by motion or movement.
- The impetus, either of a body in motion, or of an idea or course of events; a moment.
- 1843, Nathaniel Hawthorne, Mosses from an Old Manse, The Old Apple Dealer:
- The travellers swarm forth from the cars. All are full of the momentum which they have caught from their mode of conveyance.
- 1882, Thomas Hardy, chapter II, in Two on a Tower. A Romance. [...] In Three Volumes, volume II, London: Sampson Low, Marston, Searle, & Rivington, […], →OCLC, page 31:
- Their intention to become husband and wife, at first halting and timorous, had accumulated momentum with the lapse of hours, till it now bore down every obstacle in its course.
- 2013 September 14, Jane Shilling, “The Golden Thread: the Story of Writing, by Ewan Clayton, review [print edition: Illuminating language]”, in The Daily Telegraph (Review)[1], page R29:
- Though his account of written communication over the past 5,000 years necessarily has a powerful forward momentum, his diversions down the fascinating byways of the subject are irresistible ...
Derived terms
[edit]Translations
[edit]product of mass and velocity
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impetus, either of a body in motion, or of an idea or course of events
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- The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.
Translations to be checked
See also
[edit]Indonesian
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Internationalism, learned borrowing from Latin mōmentum.
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]momentum (plural momentum-momentum, first-person possessive momentumku, second-person possessive momentummu, third-person possessive momentumnya)
Derived terms
[edit]Related terms
[edit]Further reading
[edit]- “momentum” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.
Latin
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From *movimentum (compare later Medieval Latin movimentum), from Proto-Italic *mowementom. Equivalent to moveō (“move, set in motion; excite”) + -mentum (“suffix used to forming nouns from verbs”).
Pronunciation
[edit]- (Classical Latin) IPA(key): /moːˈmen.tum/, [moːˈmɛn̪t̪ʊ̃ˑ]
- (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /moˈmen.tum/, [moˈmɛn̪t̪um]
Noun
[edit]mōmentum n (genitive mōmentī); second declension
- movement, motion, impulse; course
- change, revolution, movement, disturbance
- particle, part, point
- (of time) brief space, moment (in time), short time
- Synonym: vestīgium
- cause, circumstance
- weight, influence, importance
- Synonyms: importantia, gravitās, pondus, opportūnitās
- mōmentum facere/habere ― to have importance, to exercise influence
- maximē mōmentī ― most important
- (New Latin, physics) momentum, quantity of motion [from 18th c.]
- (New Latin, physics, mechanics) moment (product of a distance and physical quantity) [from 15th c.]
Declension
[edit]Second-declension noun (neuter).
Case | Singular | Plural |
---|---|---|
Nominative | mōmentum | mōmenta |
Genitive | mōmentī | mōmentōrum |
Dative | mōmentō | mōmentīs |
Accusative | mōmentum | mōmenta |
Ablative | mōmentō | mōmentīs |
Vocative | mōmentum | mōmenta |
Derived terms
[edit]Descendants
[edit]- Albanian: mënd
- Asturian: momentu
- Catalan: moment
- Dutch: moment
- → English: momentum
- Esperanto: momento
- Friulian: moment
- Galician: momento
- German: Moment
- Irish: móimint
- Italian: momento
- Ladin: mument, mumënt
- Old French: moment
- Occitan: moment
- Polish: moment
- Portuguese: momento
- Romansch: mument, mumaint
- Russian: моме́нт (momént)
- Sardinian: mamentu, mementu, momentu
- Scottish Gaelic: mòmaid
- Sicilian: mumentu
- Spanish: momento
- Venetian: momento, mumento
References
[edit]- “momentum”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “momentum”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
- momentum in Enrico Olivetti, editor (2003-2024), Dizionario Latino, Olivetti Media Communication
- momentum in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
- momentum in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
- Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book[2], London: Macmillan and Co.
- at the important moment: momento temporis
- important results are often produced by trivial causes: ex parvis saepe magnarum rerum momenta pendent
- to be of great (no) importance: magni (nullius) momenti esse
- to determine the issue of; to turn the scale: momentum afferre ad aliquid
- at the important moment: momento temporis
Categories:
- English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *m(y)ewh₁-
- English terms borrowed from Latin
- English terms derived from Latin
- English doublets
- English 3-syllable words
- English terms with IPA pronunciation
- English terms with audio links
- English lemmas
- English nouns
- English uncountable nouns
- English countable nouns
- English nouns with irregular plurals
- en:Physics
- English terms with quotations
- Indonesian internationalisms
- Indonesian terms borrowed from Latin
- Indonesian learned borrowings from Latin
- Indonesian terms derived from Latin
- Indonesian 3-syllable words
- Indonesian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Indonesian/tʊm
- Rhymes:Indonesian/tʊm/3 syllables
- Rhymes:Indonesian/ʊm
- Rhymes:Indonesian/ʊm/3 syllables
- Rhymes:Indonesian/m
- Rhymes:Indonesian/m/3 syllables
- Indonesian lemmas
- Indonesian nouns
- id:Mechanics
- Latin terms inherited from Proto-Italic
- Latin terms derived from Proto-Italic
- Latin 3-syllable words
- Latin terms with IPA pronunciation
- Latin lemmas
- Latin nouns
- Latin second declension nouns
- Latin neuter nouns in the second declension
- Latin neuter nouns
- Latin terms with usage examples
- New Latin
- la:Physics
- la:Mechanics
- Latin words in Meissner and Auden's phrasebook