Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/sunnǭ

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

Possibly feminized from *sunnô (“sun”) in an opposing gender pair with masculine *mēnô (“moon”), akin to Latin cognate sōl m (“sun”) and lūna f (“moon”).^[1] See *sunnô.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈsun.nɔ̃ː/

Noun

*sunnǭ f^[2]^[3]^[1]^[4]

the sun

Inflection

ōn-stemDeclension of *sunnǭ (ōn-stem)
	singular	plural
nominative	*sunnǭ	*sunnōniz
vocative	*sunnǭ	*sunnōniz
accusative	*sunnōnų	*sunnōnunz
genitive	*sunnōniz	*sunnōnǫ̂
dative	*sunnōni	*sunnōmaz
instrumental	*sunnōnē	*sunnōmiz

Related terms

Descendants

Proto-West Germanic: *sunnā
- Old English: sunne f
  - Middle English: sonne, sunne, sone, son, sune, sun, sunna, sunnæ, synne, soen, zunne (Southern West Mid), zonne (Kent)
    - English: sun
    - Scots: sun
    - Yola: zin
- Old Frisian: sunne f
  - North Frisian: san
  - Saterland Frisian: Sunne
  - West Frisian: sinne
- Old Saxon: sunna f
  - Middle Low German: sunne, sonne f or m
    - Dutch Low Saxon: zunne
    - German Low German: Sünn, Sünne
    - Plautdietsch: Sonn
- Old Dutch: sunna f
  - Middle Dutch: sonne f or m
    - Dutch: zon
      - Afrikaans: son
      - Berbice Creole Dutch: sono
      - Jersey Dutch: zon
      - Negerhollands: son, zon
      - → Sranan Tongo: son (see there for further descendants)
    - Limburgish: zón
    - West Flemish: zunne
    - Zealandic: zunne
- Old High German: sunna f
  - Middle High German: sunne f or m
    - Alemannic German: Sunnä
      Italian Walser: sunna, sunnu, sònnò, ŝchunna, ŝchunnà
    - Bavarian: Son
      Cimbrian: sunn, sonde, zunna
      Mòcheno: sunn
      Udinese: suna, sune, sunne
      Viennese: Sun
    - Central Franconian: Sonn, Sunn (rarer variant)
      - Hunsrik: Sunn, Sonn
      - Luxembourgish: Sonn
    - German: Sonne
    - Rhine Franconian:
      Palatine German: Sunn
      Pennsylvania German: Sunn
    - Vilamovian: zunn, zun
    - Yiddish: זון (zun)
Old Norse: sunna
- Icelandic: sunna
- Faroese: sunna
- Norn: sjiner
Gothic: 𐍃𐌿𐌽𐌽𐍉 (sunnō)
Crimean Gothic: sune

References

↑ ^1.0 ^1.1 Franck, Johannes (1892) “zon”, in Etymologisch woordenboek der nederlandsche taal (in Dutch), The Hague: 's-Gravenhage: Martinus Nijhoff: “Germ. *sunnô(n)-”
^ Hilmarsson, Jörundur (1987) “Reflexes of I.-E. *suH2n̥to-/-ōn ‘sunny’ in Germanic and Tocharian”, in Sprache 33, pages 56–78
^ Boutkan, Dirk, Siebinga, Sjoerd (2005) “sunne”, in Old Frisian Etymological Dictionary (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 1), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 382: “PGMC: *sunnō, *sunnan-”
^ Guus Kroonen (2013) “*soel- ~ *sunnōn-”, in Alexander Lubotsky, editor, Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎^[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 463-464

[EWNT-1] 1.0 ^1.1 Franck, Johannes (1892) “zon”, in Etymologisch woordenboek der nederlandsche taal (in Dutch), The Hague: 's-Gravenhage: Martinus Nijhoff: “Germ. *sunnô(n)-”

[Hilmarsson-2] Hilmarsson, Jörundur (1987) “Reflexes of I.-E. *suH2n̥to-/-ōn ‘sunny’ in Germanic and Tocharian”, in Sprache 33, pages 56–78

[3] Boutkan, Dirk, Siebinga, Sjoerd (2005) “sunne”, in Old Frisian Etymological Dictionary (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 1), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 382: “PGMC: *sunnō, *sunnan-”

[4] Guus Kroonen (2013) “*soel- ~ *sunnōn-”, in Alexander Lubotsky, editor, Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎^[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 463-464

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