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震

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also: ☳
震 U+9707, 震
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-9707
← 霆
[U+9706] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 霈 →
[U+9708]

Translingual

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Han character

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震 (Kangxi radical 173, 雨+7, 15 strokes, cangjie input 一月一一女 (MBMMV), four-corner 10232, composition ⿱⻗辰)

Derived characters

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References

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  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 1374, character 21
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 42300
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1883, character 25
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 4064, character 1
  • Unihan data for U+9707

Chinese

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trad. 震
simp. # 震

Glyph origin

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Historical forms of the character 震
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Small seal script
Characters in the same phonetic series (辰) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
辴 *tʰɯl, *tʰɯnʔ, *tʰɯn
屒 *tɯnʔ, *djɯn
振 *tjɯn, *tjɯns
侲 *tjɯn, *tjɯn
桭 *tjɯn, *djɯn
唇 *tjɯn, *ɦljun
帪 *tjɯn
賑 *tjɯnʔ, *tjɯns
裖 *tjɯnʔ
敐 *tjɯnʔ, *djɯn
震 *tjɯn
娠 *tjɯns, *hljɯn
蜃 *djɯns, *djɯnʔ, *djins
辰 *djɯn
晨 *djɯn, *ɦljɯn
宸 *djɯn
鷐 *djɯn
麎 *djɯn
祳 *djɯnʔ
脤 *djɯnʔ
鋠 *djɯnʔ
磭 *ŋrɯnʔ, *ŋ̊ʰjaɡ, *ŋaɡ
陙 *djun
脣 *ɦljun
漘 *ɦljun

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *tjɯn) : semantic 雨 + phonetic 辰 (OC *djɯn).

Etymology

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Related to 振 (OC *tjɯns, “to shake”), probably from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *dar ~ d(u/i)r (“to tremble; to shiver”) (Schuessler, 2007).

Pronunciation 1

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Note:
  • zen3 - literary;
  • ten3 - vernacular (“to shake”).
Note:
  • zing2 - literary;
  • dung3 - vernacular (“to shake”).
Note:
  • zhen4 - literary;
  • ten3 - vernacular (“to shake”).
    Rime
    Character 震
    Reading # 1/1
    Initial (聲) 章 (23)
    Final (韻) 眞 (43)
    Tone (調) Departing (H)
    Openness (開合) Open
    Division (等) III
    Fanqie 章刃切
    Baxter tsyinH
    Reconstructions
    Zhengzhang
    Shangfang         		/t͡ɕiɪnH/
    Pan
    Wuyun         		/t͡ɕinH/
    Shao
    Rongfen         		/t͡ɕjenH/
    Edwin
    Pulleyblank         		/cinH/
    Li
    Rong         		/t͡ɕiĕnH/
    Wang
    Li         		/t͡ɕĭĕnH/
    Bernhard
    Karlgren         		/t͡ɕi̯ĕnH/
    Expected
    Mandarin
    Reflex         		zhèn
    Expected
    Cantonese
    Reflex         		zan3
    Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
    Character 震
    Reading # 1/1
    Modern
    Beijing
    (Pinyin)         		zhèn
    Middle
    Chinese         		‹ tsyinH ›
    Old
    Chinese         		/*tər-s/
    English clap of thunder

    Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

    * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
    * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
    * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
    * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

    * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
    Zhengzhang system (2003)
    Character 震
    Reading # 1/1
    No. 1367
    Phonetic
    component         		辰
    Rime
    group         		文
    Rime
    subdivision         		1
    Corresponding
    MC rime         		震
    Old
    Chinese         		/*tjɯn/

    Definitions

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    震

    1. † thunder
    2. † (of lightning) to strike
    3. to tremble; to shake; to jolt; to quake
    4. (literary, or in compounds) earthquake
      震央  ―  zhènyāng  ―  epicentre of an earthquake
    5. (literary, or in compounds) † to be excited; to be aroused; to be shocked
    6. † to stir; to invigorate
    7. † power; prestige; dignity
    8. † to fear; to tremble
    9. † the east
    10. 4th of the 8 trigrams
    11. 51st hexagram of the I Ching
    12. (～國) (historical) Jin; Zhen (original name of the Balhae state)
    13. a surname
    Synonyms
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    • (thunder): 雷 (léi); (Cantonese, Hokkien, Teochew) 雷公 (léigōng); (Jin) 忽雷
    • (to shake): 震動／震动 (zhèndòng)
    • (earthquake):
    Dialectal synonyms of 地震 (“(to have an) earthquake”) [map]
    Variety Location Words
    Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 地震
    Northeastern Mandarin Beijing 地震, 地動, 鰲魚眨眼兒, 鰲魚翻身
    Taiwan 地震, 地牛翻身
    Chengde 地震
    Chifeng 地震, 地動
    Hulunbuir (Hailar) 地震
    Heihe 地震
    Qiqihar 地震
    Harbin 地震
    Jiamusi 地震
    Baicheng 地震
    Changchun 地震, 地動
    Tonghua 地震, 地動
    Shenyang 地震, 老鱉翻身
    Jinzhou 地震, 地動
    Singapore 地震
    Jilu Mandarin Tianjin 地震
    Tangshan 地震, 鰲魚翻身
    Cangzhou 地震
    Baoding 地震, 地動
    Shijiazhuang 地震, 地動
    Lijin 地震, 地動
    Jinan 地震, 地動
    Jiaoliao Mandarin Dalian 地陷
    Dandong 地震, 地動
    Yantai 地震
    Qingdao 地震
    Zhucheng 地震
    Central Plains Mandarin Luoyang 地動
    Lingbao 地動
    Jining 地震, 鰲魚眨眼地翻身
    Wanrong 地動
    Linfen 地震
    Shangqiu 地震, 地動, 鰲魚翻身
    Yuanyang 地震
    Zhengzhou 地動
    Xinyang 地動
    Baihe 地震, 地動, 鰲魚翻身
    Xi'an 地震, 地動
    Baoji 地震, 地動
    Tianshui 地動, 龍翻身哩
    Xining 地震, 地牛搖頭
    Xuzhou 地震, 地動
    Fuyang 地震, 地動
    Qimen (Anling; Junhua) 鰲魚翻身
    Sokuluk (Gansu Dungan) 地動
    Lanyin Mandarin Yinchuan 地震
    Lanzhou 地震, 地動
    Dunhuang 地震
    Hami 地震, 蛟龍翻身
    Ürümqi 地動
    Southwestern Mandarin Chengdu 地震, 地動
    Nanchong 地震, 地動
    Dazhou 地動, 鰲魚眨眼兒
    Hanyuan 地震, 地動
    Xichang 地震, 鰲魚翻身, 地動
    Zigong 地震
    Chongqing 地震, 鰲魚翻身
    Wuhan 地震, 鰲魚翻身
    Yichang 地震, 鰲魚翻身
    Xiangyang 地震, 鰲魚翻身
    Tianmen 地震, 鰲魚換肩
    Guiyang 地震, 地動
    Zunyi 地震
    Bijie 地震
    Liping 地震
    Zhaotong 地震, 鰲魚翻身
    Dali 地震
    Kunming 地震, 鱷魚翻身
    Mengzi 地震
    Guilin 地震
    Guanyang 地震, 地動
    Liuzhou 地震
    Jishou 地震
    Changde 鰲魚翻身
    Hanzhong 地震, 地動, 鱷魚翻身
    Kokang 地動, 鰲魚翻身
    Mae Salong (Lancang) 地震, 地動
    Mae Sai (Tengchong) 地震
    Jianghuai Mandarin Nanjing 地震, 地動, 鰲魚翻身, 鰲魚擦眼睛, 鰲魚眨眼睛
    Yangzhou 地震, 鰲魚翻身
    Lianyungang 地震
    Lianshui 地震, 地動
    Nantong 地震, 地動
    Anqing 地震
    Wuhu 地震, 地動
    Hefei 地震
    Hong'an 地震, 鰲魚翻身
    Cantonese Guangzhou 地震
    Hong Kong 地震
    Taishan 地震, 地牛躝側
    Yangjiang 地震
    Qinzhou 鰲魚翻身, 鰲魚動翅
    Gan Nanchang 地震
    Pingxiang 地震, 孽龍轉身
    Hakka Meixian 地震, 天地轉側
    Huizhou (Huicheng; Bendihua) 地牛轉側
    Wuhua (Shuizhai) 地震
    Wuhua (Huacheng) 地轉側
    Wuhua (Changbu) 地震, 地轉側
    Wuhua (Mianyang) 地震
    Jiexi 地牛轉肩
    Jiexi (Huizhai) 地牛換肩
    Luhe 地牛轉肩
    Changting 鰲魚翻身
    Longyan (Yongding) 地轉側
    Longyan (Xiayang, Yongding) 地動
    Longyan (Gaobei, Yongding) 地震
    Longyan (Hukeng, Yongding) 地震
    Liancheng (Peitian) 鰲魚轉側, 地震
    Liancheng (Juxi) 地震
    Liancheng (Zhongbao) 地震
    Liancheng (Laiyuan) 地震, 地動
    Miaoli (N. Sixian) 地動, 地牛翻身, 地牛轉肩
    Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) 地動
    Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) 地動, 地牛翻身, 地牛轉肩
    Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) 地動
    Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) 地動
    Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) 地動
    Nantou (Guoxing; Lufeng) 地動
    Bobai (Longtan) 地震
    Pontianak (Meixian) 地動
    Bangkok (Meixian) 天轉側
    Bangkok (Fengshun) 地牛轉肩
    Huizhou Shexian 地震
    Qimen (Anling; Minhua) 鰲魚翻身, 地震
    Jin Taiyuan 地震, 地動
    Yangyuan 地震, 地動
    Datong 地震, 地動
    Xinzhou 地動
    Lüliang (Lishi) 地震, 地動
    Changzhi 地動
    Linhe 地震, 地動
    Jining 地搖
    Hohhot 地震, 地動
    Erenhot 地震
    Pingshan 地動
    Zhangjiakou 地震
    Handan 地震, 地動
    Linzhou 地動
    Suide 地震, 土牛兒翻身
    Northern Min Jian'ou 地震, 地牛反肩
    Eastern Min Fuzhou 地震, 地牛轉肩
    Gutian 地震, 地牛車轉身 dated
    Southern Min Xiamen 地動
    Xiamen (Tong'an) 地動
    Quanzhou 地動, 地牛翻身
    Zhangzhou 地動, 地牛翻身
    Zhangzhou (Longhai) 地動
    Zhangpu 地動
    Dongshan 地牛過肩, 地顫 rural
    Taipei 地動
    New Taipei (Sanxia) 地牛翻身, 地動
    Kaohsiung 地動, 塗牛翻身
    Yilan 地牛翻身, 地動
    Changhua (Lukang) 地動
    Taichung 地動, 地牛翻身
    Tainan 地動, 塗牛翻身
    Hsinchu 地動, 地牛翻身
    Kinmen 地動, 地牛翻身
    Penghu (Magong) 地動, 地牛翻身
    Penang (Hokkien) 地動, 地顫
    Manila (Hokkien) 地動
    Chaozhou 地震
    Shantou 地震
    Jieyang 地牛換肩
    Haifeng 地牛翻身
    Puxian Min Putian 地動
    Xianyou 地動
    Shaojiang Min Shaowu 龍翻身, 牛搏肩
    Southern Pinghua Nanning (Tingzi) 地震
    Wu Shanghai 地震, 地動
    Suzhou 地震
    Wuxi 地震, 天搖地動
    Wenzhou 地震, 地藏王轉肩
    Xiang Changsha 地震
    Shuangfeng 地震
    • (to be excited):

    Compounds

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    References

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    Pronunciation 2

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    Definitions

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    震

    1. Alternative form of 娠 (shēn, “to be pregnant”)

    Japanese

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    Kanji

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    震

    (Jōyō kanji)

    1. to quake
    2. to tremble

    Readings

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    Compounds

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    Korean

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    Hanja

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    震 • (jin) (hangeul 진, revised jin, McCune–Reischauer chin, Yale cin)

    1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

    Vietnamese

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    Han character

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    震: Hán Nôm readings: chấn, dấn

    1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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