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訓

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also: 训
訓 U+8A13, 訓
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-8A13
← 訒
[U+8A12] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 訔 →
[U+8A14]

Translingual

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Stroke order
10 strokes

Han character

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訓 (Kangxi radical 149, 言+3, 10 strokes, cangjie input 卜口中中中 (YRLLL), four-corner 02600, composition ⿰訁川)

Derived characters

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References

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  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 1148, character 6
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 35238
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1614, character 18
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 3942, character 2
  • Unihan data for U+8A13

Chinese

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trad. 訓
simp. 训

Glyph origin

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Characters in the same phonetic series (川) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
川 *kʰjon
釧 *kʰjons
巛 *kʰuːn
巡 *sɢljun
馴 *sɢljun
紃 *sɢljun, *ɢljun
甽 *kljuns, *kʷeːnʔ
順 *ɢljuns
訓 *qʰuns

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *qʰuns) : semantic 訁 (“speech”) + phonetic 川 (OC *kʰjon).

Etymology

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Perhaps from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *s-kul (“to instruct, explain, admonish”). Compare Tibetan སྐུལ་བ (skul ba, “to exhort”).

Pronunciation

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Rime
Character 訓
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 曉 (32)
Final (韻) 文 (59)
Tone (調) Departing (H)
Openness (開合) Closed
Division (等) III
Fanqie 許運切
Baxter xjunH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/hɨunH/
Pan
Wuyun 		/hiunH/
Shao
Rongfen 		/xiuənH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/hunH/
Li
Rong 		/xiuənH/
Wang
Li 		/xĭuənH/
Bernhard
Karlgren 		/xi̯uənH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		xùn
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		fan3
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 訓
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		xùn
Middle
Chinese 		‹ xjunH ›
Old
Chinese 		/*l̥u[n]-s/ (W dialect: *l̥- > x- )
English instruct

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 訓
Reading # 1/1
No. 1637
Phonetic
component 		川
Rime
group 		文
Rime
subdivision 		2
Corresponding
MC rime 		訓
Old
Chinese 		/*qʰuns/

Definitions

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訓

  1. to teach; to instruct; to lecture
  2. to explain
  3. to explain the meaning or sense of a word
  4. to reprimand; to slam; to rebuke; to denounce
  5. (colloquial) to scold
  6. to train; to drill
  7. teachings; explanation; exegesis
  8. model; example
  9. to submit to; to yield to; to obey
  10. a surname: Xun
  11. (linguistics) To interpret / read a Chinese character or phrase by associating it with a (usually) non-Sinitic native morpheme or phrase with identical meaning. Applied in Sinitic dialects to Mandarin or Literary Chinese characters, and in the Sinosphere to Literary Chinese. For example, reading (訓／训) the character 人 (“person”) as Min Nan lâng (“person”), Korean 사람 (saram, “person”), or Japanese ひと (hito, “person”).
    Coordinate term: 音 (yīn)

Synonyms

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  • (to teach):
  • (to explain):
  • (to reprimand):
  • (model):

Compounds

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References

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  • 莆田市荔城区档案馆 [Putian City Licheng District Archives], editor (2022), “训”, in 莆仙方言文读字汇 [Puxian Dialect Literary Reading Dictionary] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), page 272.

Japanese

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Kanji

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訓

(Fourth grade kyōiku kanji)

  1. instruction
  2. teachings

Readings

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  • Go-on: くん (kun, Jōyō)
  • Kan-on: くん (kun, Jōyō)
  • Tō-on: きん (kin)
  • Kun: おしえる (oshieru, 訓える)、よむ (yomu, 訓む)

Compounds

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Compounds

Etymology 1

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Kanji in this term
訓
くん
Grade: 4
on'yomi

Pronunciation

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Noun

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訓(くん) • (kun) 

  1. kun'yomi

Etymology 2

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Proper noun

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訓(さとし) • (Satoshi) 

  1. a male given name

References

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  1. ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  2. ^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN

Korean

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Hanja

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訓 (eumhun 가르칠 훈 (gareuchil hun))

  1. hanja form? of 훈 (“teaching”)

Synonyms

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Compounds

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See also

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Vietnamese

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Han character

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訓: Hán Nôm readings: huấn

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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