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策

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also: 筞
策 U+7B56, 策
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-7B56
← 筕
[U+7B55] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 筗 →
[U+7B57]

Translingual

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Han character

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策 (Kangxi radical 118, 竹+6, 12 strokes, cangjie input 竹木月 (HDB), four-corner 88902, composition ⿱𥫗朿)

Derived characters

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References

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  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 883, character 18
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 26009
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1312, character 15
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 2963, character 9
  • Unihan data for U+7B56

Chinese

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trad. 策
simp. # 策
alternative forms
筞
筴
箣
𠞁
𠞦
筞
筴
箣
𠞁
𠞦
𠷽
𢄆
𥳯
 

Glyph origin

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Characters in the same phonetic series (朿) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
債 *ʔsreːɡs, *ʔsreːɡ
積 *ʔseɡs, *ʔseɡ
刺 *sʰeɡs, *sʰeɡ
莿 *sʰeːɡs, *raːds
㓨 *sʰeɡs
朿 *sʰeɡs
漬 *zeɡs
耫 *zraːd, *zreːɡ
嘖 *ʔsraːɡ, *ʔsreːɡ, *zreːɡ
梀 *sreːɡ, *sʰloːɡ, *sloːɡ, *l̥ʰoɡ
捒 *sreːɡ, *sroɡs, *sroɡs
幘 *ʔsreːɡ
簀 *ʔsreːɡ
嫧 *ʔsreːɡ, *sʰreːɡ, *sʰeɡ
謮 *ʔsreːɡ
責 *ʔsreːɡ
皟 *sʰreːɡ
憡 *sʰreːɡ
策 *sʰreːɡ
筴 *sʰreːɡ, *kreːb, *keːb
拺 *sʰreːɡ, *sreːɡ
賾 *zreːɡ
鰿 *zreːɡ, *ʔseɡ
擌 *sreːɡ
蹟 *ʔseɡ
襀 *ʔseɡ
磧 *sʰeɡ
洓 *sʰeɡ
績 *ʔseːɡ
勣 *ʔseːɡ
樍 *ʔseːɡ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *sʰreːɡ) : semantic 竹 (“bamboo”) + phonetic 朿 (OC *sʰeɡs).

Pronunciation

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Note:
  • cháik - literary;
  • cháh - vernacular.
  • Dialectal data
Variety Location 策
Mandarin Beijing /t͡sʰɤ⁵¹/
Harbin /t͡sʰɤ⁵³/
Tianjin /t͡sʰɤ⁵³/
Jinan /t͡sʰə²¹³/
/ʈ͡ʂʰei²¹³/
Qingdao /t͡sʰə⁵⁵/
/ʈ͡ʂʰe⁵⁵/
Zhengzhou /ʈ͡ʂʰɛ²⁴/
Xi'an /t͡sʰei²¹/
Xining /t͡sʰɨ⁴⁴/
Yinchuan /t͡sʰə¹³/
Lanzhou /ʈ͡ʂʰə¹³/
Ürümqi /t͡sʰɤ²¹³/
/t͡sʰei²¹³/
Wuhan /t͡sʰɤ²¹³/
Chengdu /t͡sʰe³¹/
Guiyang /t͡sʰɛ²¹/
Kunming /t͡sʰə³¹/
Nanjing /t͡sʰəʔ⁵/
Hefei /t͡sʰɐʔ⁵/
Jin Taiyuan /t͡sʰaʔ²/
Pingyao /t͡sʰʌʔ¹³/
Hohhot /t͡sʰaʔ⁴³/
Wu Shanghai /t͡sʰaʔ⁵/
Suzhou /t͡sʰəʔ⁵/
/t͡sʰɑʔ⁵/
Hangzhou /t͡sʰɑʔ⁵/
Wenzhou /t͡sʰa²¹³/
Hui Shexian /t͡sʰɛʔ²¹/
Tunxi /t͡sʰa⁵/
Xiang Changsha /t͡sʰə²⁴/
Xiangtan /t͡sʰæ²⁴/
Gan Nanchang /t͡sʰɛʔ⁵/
Hakka Meixian /t͡sʰet̚¹/
Taoyuan /t͡sʰet̚²²/
Cantonese Guangzhou /t͡sʰak̚³/
Nanning /t͡sʰak̚³³/
Hong Kong /t͡sʰak̚³/
Min Xiamen (Hokkien) /t͡sʰik̚³²/
Fuzhou (Eastern Min) /t͡sʰaiʔ²³/
Jian'ou (Northern Min) /t͡sʰɛ²⁴/
Shantou (Teochew) /t͡sʰeʔ²/
Haikou (Hainanese) /sek̚⁵/
/sɛ⁵⁵/
Rime
Character 策
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 初 (19)
Final (韻) 麥 (119)
Tone (調) Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) II
Fanqie 楚革切
Baxter tsrheak
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/t͡ʃʰˠɛk̚/
Pan
Wuyun 		/ʈ͡ʂʰᵚæk̚/
Shao
Rongfen 		/t͡ʃʰɐk̚/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/ʈ͡ʂʰəɨjk̚/
Li
Rong 		/t͡ʃʰɛk̚/
Wang
Li 		/t͡ʃʰæk̚/
Bernhard
Karlgren 		/ʈ͡ʂʰæk̚/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		che
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		cak1
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 策
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		cè
Middle
Chinese 		‹ tsrhɛk ›
Old
Chinese 		/*[tsʰ](ˁ)rek/
English tablet, record

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 策
Reading # 1/1
No. 1765
Phonetic
component 		朿
Rime
group 		錫
Rime
subdivision 		0
Corresponding
MC rime 		策
Old
Chinese 		/*sʰreːɡ/

Definitions

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策

  1. plan; scheme; strategy
  2. (literary) to plan; to scheme
  3. † to calculate; to estimate
  4. (historical) bamboo or wooden strips used for writing on in ancient China
    Synonyms: 冊 / 册 (cè), 簡策 / 简策, 簡冊 / 简册 (jiǎncè)
  5. (historical) a kind of emperor's edict
  6. (historical) a type of essay in ancient China, used in imperial examinations where questions on political or economic affairs were set
  7. (historical) a kind of computing tool in ancient China, on which the multiplication table was written for multiplication, division or extracting the square root during the Qing dynasty
  8. (historical) spur
  9. (literary) to spur; to whip; to urge with a horsewhip
  10. † to drive; to urge
  11. † number; value
  12. (literary) cane; walking stick
  13. † to lean on; to rest on support
  14. (calligraphy) upward horizontal stroke (the fifth of the Eight Principles of Yong)
  15. (Mainland China Hokkien) to confer; to consult; to coordinate; to discuss
    策價錢／策价钱 [Hokkien]  ―  chhek kè-chîⁿ [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]  ―  to discuss the price
  16. (Chinese astronomy) Gamma Cassiopeiae
  17. a surname

Compounds

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Descendants

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Sino-Xenic (策):
  • → Japanese: 策(さく) (saku)

References

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Japanese

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Kanji

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策

(Sixth grade kyōiku kanji)

  1. scheme; plan; policy; step; means

Readings

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Etymology

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Japanese Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia ja
Kanji in this term
策
さく
Grade: 6
on'yomi

Middle Chinese 策 (t͡ʃʰˠɛk̚)

Pronunciation

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Noun

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策(さく) • (saku) 

  1. plan; policy
    正(しょう)直(じき)は決(けっ)して最(さい)上(じょう)の策(さく)ではない。
    Shōjiki wa kesshite saijō no saku de wa nai.
    Honesty is never the best policy.
  2. the fifth of the Eight Principles of Yong

Hypernyms

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Coordinate terms

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Derived terms

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Suffix

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策(さく) • (-saku) 

  1. plan, policy

References

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  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN

Korean

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Etymology

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(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “Middle Korean readings, if any”)

Pronunciation

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Hanja

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Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

Wikisource

策 • (chaek) (hangeul 책, revised chaek, McCune–Reischauer ch'aek, Yale chayk)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

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Han character

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策: Hán Nôm readings: sách

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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