堵
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Translingual
[edit]Han character
[edit]堵 (Kangxi radical 32, 土+8, 11 strokes, cangjie input 土十大日 (GJKA), four-corner 44160, composition ⿰土者)
Derived characters
[edit]References
[edit]- Kangxi Dictionary: page 234, character 9
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 5279
- Dae Jaweon: page 472, character 3
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 448, character 7
- Unihan data for U+5835
Chinese
[edit]simp. and trad. |
堵 | |
---|---|---|
alternative forms | 𡦡 𩫭 |
Glyph origin
[edit]Old Chinese | |
---|---|
觰 | *rtaːʔ, *rtaː |
諸 | *tjaː, *tja |
者 | *tjaːʔ |
堵 | *tjaːʔ, *taːʔ |
赭 | *tjaːʔ |
撦 | *l̥ʰjaːʔ |
扯 | *tʰjaːʔ |
闍 | *djaː, *taː |
奢 | *hljaː |
鍺 | *toːlʔ |
都 | *taː |
醏 | *taː |
覩 | *taːʔ |
睹 | *taːʔ |
暏 | *taːʔ |
賭 | *taːʔ |
帾 | *taːʔ |
楮 | *taːʔ, *tʰaʔ |
屠 | *daː, *da |
瘏 | *daː |
廜 | *daː |
鷵 | *daː |
緒 | *ljaʔ |
豬 | *ta |
猪 | *ta |
瀦 | *ta |
藸 | *ta, *da |
櫫 | *ta |
褚 | *taʔ, *tʰaʔ |
著 | *taʔ, *tas, *da, *taɡ, *daɡ |
箸 | *tas, *das |
儲 | *da |
躇 | *da |
櫧 | *tja |
藷 | *tja, *djas |
蠩 | *tja |
煮 | *tjaʔ |
渚 | *tjaʔ |
煑 | *tjaʔ |
陼 | *tjaʔ |
翥 | *tjas |
署 | *djas |
薯 | *djas |
曙 | *djas |
書 | *hlja |
暑 | *hjaʔ |
鐯 | *taɡ |
擆 | *taɡ |
櫡 | *taɡ |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲/形声, OC *tjaːʔ, *taːʔ) : semantic 土 + phonetic 者 (OC *tjaːʔ).
Pronunciation 1
[edit]- Mandarin
- Cantonese
- Hakka (Sixian, PFS): tù
- Eastern Min (BUC): dū
- Southern Min
- Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): 5tu
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄉㄨˇ
- Tongyong Pinyin: dǔ
- Wade–Giles: tu3
- Yale: dǔ
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: duu
- Palladius: ду (du)
- Sinological IPA (key): /tu²¹⁴/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: dou2
- Yale: dóu
- Cantonese Pinyin: dou2
- Guangdong Romanization: dou2
- Sinological IPA (key): /tou̯³⁵/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
- Wiktionary: u2
- Sinological IPA (key): /u⁵⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: tù
- Hakka Romanization System: duˇ
- Hagfa Pinyim: du2
- Sinological IPA: /tu¹¹/
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: dū
- Sinological IPA (key): /tu³³/
- (Fuzhou)
- Southern Min
- Wu
- Middle Chinese: tuX
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*tˤaʔ/
- (Zhengzhang): /*taːʔ/
Definitions
[edit]堵
- (obsolete) a unit of measure of the length and height of a wall
- (literary) wall
- to block up; to stop up
- (Teochew) to encounter
- stifled; suffocated
- (obsolete) An ancient unit of measure, denoting sixteen bells or chimes hanging on a bell pendant stand.
- Classifier for walls. ⇒ all nouns using this classifier
- a surname
Synonyms
[edit]- (to block up): 塞 (sāi)
- (to encounter):
Variety | Location | Words |
---|---|---|
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 遇, 碰, 遭 | |
Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 遇, 碰 |
Malaysia | 遇, 碰 | |
Singapore | 遇, 碰 | |
Cantonese | Guangzhou | 遇, 撞 |
Hong Kong | 遇, 撞 | |
Zhongshan (Shiqi) | 遇, 撞 | |
Singapore (Guangfu) | 遇 | |
Hakka | Meixian | 遇, 撞 |
Southern Min | Xiamen | 拄, 撞, 衝, 磅 |
Quanzhou | 拄, 撞, 衝 | |
Zhangzhou | 拄, 衝 | |
Tainan | 拄, 撞, 磅 | |
Penang (Hokkien) | 拄 | |
Singapore (Hokkien) | 拄 | |
Manila (Hokkien) | 拄, 遇 | |
Chaozhou | 遇, 堵 | |
Shantou | 遇 | |
Jieyang | 遇, 堵 | |
Singapore (Teochew) | 堵 | |
Wu | Shanghai | 碰 |
- (classifier for walls):
Dialectal synonyms of 堵 (“(classifier for walls)”) [map]
Variety | Location | Words |
---|---|---|
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 堵, 面, 道 | |
Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 堵, 面, 道 |
Jilu Mandarin | Jinan | 堵 |
Jiaoliao Mandarin | Yantai (Muping) | 堵 |
Central Plains Mandarin | Luoyang | 堵 |
Xi'an | 堵 | |
Xining | 堵 | |
Lanyin Mandarin | Ürümqi | 堵 |
Southwestern Mandarin | Chengdu | 堵 |
Guiyang | 堵 | |
Liuzhou | 堵 | |
Cantonese | Guangzhou | 埲, 幅 |
Hong Kong | 埲, 幅 | |
Dongguan | 條 | |
Hakka | Meixian | 皮 |
Huizhou | Jixi | 堵, 面 |
Jin | Taiyuan | 堵 |
Xinzhou | 堵 | |
Northern Min | Jian'ou | 板, 堵 |
Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 堵 |
Southern Min | Xiamen | 堵 |
Quanzhou | 堵 | |
Zhangzhou | 堵 | |
Taipei (Wanhua) | 片 | |
Kaohsiung | 面 | |
Yilan | 堵 | |
Changhua (Lukang) | 面 | |
Taichung | 片 | |
Taichung (Wuqi) | 片 | |
Tainan | 堵, 面 | |
Taitung | 片 | |
Hsinchu | 片 | |
Penghu (Magong) | 片 | |
Jieyang | 爿, 埤, 片 | |
Puning | 方, 埤 | |
Haikou | 幅 | |
Southern Pinghua | Nanning (Tingzi) | 幅 |
Wu | Shanghai | 堵 |
Shanghai (Chongming) | 堵 | |
Suzhou | 堵 | |
Danyang | 堵 | |
Hangzhou | 堵 | |
Jinhua | 堵 | |
Xiang | Changsha | 堵 |
Compounds
[edit]Pronunciation 2
[edit]- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄓㄜˇ
- Tongyong Pinyin: jhě
- Wade–Giles: chê3
- Yale: jě
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jee
- Palladius: чжэ (čžɛ)
- Sinological IPA (key): /ʈ͡ʂɤ²¹⁴/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: ze2
- Yale: jé
- Cantonese Pinyin: dze2
- Guangdong Romanization: zé2
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sɛː³⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Middle Chinese: tsyaeX
- Old Chinese
- (Zhengzhang): /*tjaːʔ/
Definitions
[edit]堵
- (~河) Zhe or Du River (river in Hubei Province, China)
Japanese
[edit]Shinjitai (extended) |
Shinjitai (extended) |
堵󠄀 堵+ 󠄀 ?(Adobe-Japan1) |
![]() |
![]() |
堵󠄂 堵+ 󠄂 ?(Hanyo-Denshi) (Moji_Joho) | ||||
Kyūjitai | 堵 | ![]() | ||
The displayed kanji may be different from the image due to your environment. See here for details. |
Kanji
[edit]堵
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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Readings
[edit]Korean
[edit]Hanja
[edit]堵 • (do) (hangeul 도, revised do, McCune–Reischauer to)
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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Vietnamese
[edit]Han character
[edit]- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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References
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