叔
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Translingual
[edit]| Stroke order | |||
|---|---|---|---|
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Han character
[edit]叔 (Kangxi radical 29, 又+6, 8 strokes, cangjie input 卜火水 (YFE), four-corner 27940, composition ⿰尗又)
Derived characters
[edit]- 俶, 埱, 婌, 掓, 椒, 淑, 琡, 諔(𰵴), 踧, 䱙(𩾈), 寂, 菽, 惄, 督, 裻, 錖, 㾥
- 𭂑, 𠴫, 𡹧, 𢛼, 𣥹, 𬆷, 𭽭, 𮀣, 𥚔, 𥟧, 𥺱, 𫃬, 𨧷, 𨺏, 𩜂, 𧡕, 𢉌, 𢃝, 𣈉, 𤟏, 𤬂, 𥁽, 𥓍, 𥺤, 𮛣, 𧇝
- 𰐱, 𰠍, 𰩒, 𰆜
References
[edit]- Kangxi Dictionary: page 165, character 42
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 3154
- Dae Jaweon: page 376, character 24
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 396, character 1
- Unihan data for U+53D4
Chinese
[edit]Glyph origin
[edit]| Historical forms of the character 叔 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Western Zhou | Warring States | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) |
| Bronze inscriptions | Chu slip and silk script | Small seal script |
|
|
|
| Old Chinese | |
|---|---|
| 椒 | *ʔsliw |
| 茮 | *ʔsliw |
| 踧 | *l'ɯːwɢ, *ʔslɯwɢ |
| 蔋 | *l'ɯːwɢ |
| 惄 | *nɯːwɢ |
| 戚 | *sʰlɯːwɢ |
| 慼 | *sʰlɯːwɢ |
| 鏚 | *sʰlɯːwɢ |
| 慽 | *sʰlɯːwɢ |
| 磩 | *sʰlɯːwɢ |
| 寂 | *zlɯːwɢ |
| 嘁 | *ʔsluːb |
| 墄 | *sʰlɯːɡ |
| 摵 | *srɯːɡ, *ʔslɯwɢ, *srɯwɢ |
| 督 | *ʔl'uːwɢ |
| 錖 | *ʔl'uːwɢ |
| 裻 | *ʔl'uːwɢ, *sluːwɢ |
| 傶 | *ʔslɯːwɢ |
| 蹙 | *ʔslɯwɢ |
| 槭 | *ʔslɯwɢ |
| 縬 | *ʔslɯwɢ, *ʔsrɯwɢ |
| 顣 | *ʔslɯwɢ |
| 敊 | *l̥ʰɯwɢ |
| 琡 | *ʔljɯwɢ, *l̥ʰjɯwɢ |
| 俶 | *l̥ʰjɯwɢ |
| 埱 | *l̥ʰjɯwɢ |
| 淑 | *ɦljɯwɢ |
| 婌 | *ɦljɯwɢ |
| 尗 | *hljɯwɢ |
| 叔 | *hljɯwɢ |
| 掓 | *hljɯwɢ |
| 菽 | *hljɯwɢ |
| 鮛 | *hljɯwɢ |
Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) and phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *hljɯwɢ) : phonetic 尗 (OC *hljɯwɢ, “wooden stake”) + semantic 又 (“hand”) – using a wooden stake to dig the ground. Later borrowed for other uses.
Etymology 1
[edit]| simp. and trad. |
叔 | |
|---|---|---|
| alternative forms | ||
Sagart (1999) connects it to 督 (OC *ᵃtuk, “middle”) and reconstructs the Old Chinese as *ᵇs-tuk, the prefix possibly having a nominalizing function.
Alternatively, Starostin proposes a possible derivation from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *t(h)u (~ -iw) (“nephew”) and reconstructs the Old Chinese as *tikʷ (< *tiw-k?) ~ *tu-k.
Pronunciation
[edit]- Mandarin
- (Standard)
- (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): su2
- Cantonese
- Gan (Wiktionary): suh6
- Hakka
- Jin (Wiktionary): sueh4
- Northern Min (KCR): sṳ̆
- Eastern Min (BUC): cé̤ṳk
- Southern Min
- Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): 7soq
- Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): shou6
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, Mainland)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄕㄨ
- Tongyong Pinyin: shu
- Wade–Giles: shu1
- Yale: shū
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shu
- Palladius: шу (šu)
- Sinological IPA (key): /ʂu⁵⁵/
- (Standard Chinese, Taiwan)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄕㄨˊ
- Tongyong Pinyin: shú
- Wade–Giles: shu2
- Yale: shú
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shwu
- Palladius: шу (šu)
- Sinological IPA (key): /ʂu³⁵/
- (Chengdu)
- Sichuanese Pinyin: su2
- Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: su
- Sinological IPA (key): /su²¹/
- (Standard Chinese, Mainland)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: suk1
- Yale: sūk
- Cantonese Pinyin: suk7
- Guangdong Romanization: sug1
- Sinological IPA (key): /sʊk̚⁵/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
- Wiktionary: suuk2
- Sinological IPA (key): /sɵk̚⁵⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Gan
- (Nanchang)
- Wiktionary: suh6
- Sinological IPA (key): /suʔ⁵/
- (Nanchang)
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: suk
- Hakka Romanization System: sugˋ
- Hagfa Pinyim: sug5
- Sinological IPA: /suk̚²/
- (Meixian)
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Jin
- (Taiyuan)+
- Wiktionary: sueh4
- Sinological IPA (old-style): /suəʔ²/
- (Taiyuan)+
- Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
- Kienning Colloquial Romanized: sṳ̆
- Sinological IPA (key): /sy²⁴/
- (Jian'ou)
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: cé̤ṳk
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡søyʔ²⁴/
- (Fuzhou)
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chek
- Tâi-lô: tsik
- Phofsit Daibuun: zeg
- IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /t͡siɪk̚³²/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chiak
- Tâi-lô: tsiak
- Phofsit Daibuun: ciag
- IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡siak̚⁵/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: cheh
- Tâi-lô: tseh
- Phofsit Daibuun: zeq
- IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡seʔ⁵/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
Note:
- chek/chiak/cheh - vernacular (“paternal uncle; uncle; dad”);
- siok - literary.
- (Teochew)
- Peng'im: zêg4 / sog4
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tsek / sok
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sek̚²/, /sok̚²/
Note:
- zêg4 - vernacular;
- sog4 - literary.
- Middle Chinese: syuwk
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*s-tiwk/
- (Zhengzhang): /*hljɯwɢ/
Definitions
[edit]叔
- † third brother (of four)
- paternal uncle (father's younger brother)
- brother-in-law (husband's younger brother)
- uncle (a term of address for a man around one's father's age or slightly younger)
- (historical) shu, a high rank in the early Zhou aristocracy
- 4th cent. BC, 《竹書紀年》 (Bamboo Annals), s.v. "周宣王" (Xuan King):
- 五年... 秋八月，方叔帥師伐荊蠻
- Year 5 [c. 820 BC]... Autumn, Month 8: Fangshu ("Uncle" Fang) led a force to slaughter the Jingman.
- 三監是管叔鮮、蔡叔度和霍叔處。
- The Three Guards were Guanshu Xian, Caishu Du, and Huoshu Chu.
- 4th cent. BC, 《竹書紀年》 (Bamboo Annals), s.v. "周宣王" (Xuan King):
- (Mainland China Hokkien, euphemistic) dad; father
- a surname
Synonyms
[edit]Compounds
[edit]- 三叔 (sānshū)
- 世叔
- 中叔
- 么叔
- 二叔 (èrshū)
- 五叔
- 以叔援嫂
- 仲叔
- 伯仲叔季 (bózhòngshūjì)
- 伯叔
- 伯夷叔齊／伯夷叔齐
- 保叔塔
- 叔丈
- 叔丈人
- 叔丈母
- 叔于田
- 叔仲
- 叔伯 (shūbai)
- 叔先
- 叔公 (shūgōng)
- 叔叔
- 叔向
- 叔均
- 叔夏
- 叔夜
- 叔妹
- 叔姑
- 叔姪／叔侄 (shūzhí)
- 叔婆 (shūpó)
- 叔子 (shūzi)
- 叔季 (shūjì)
- 叔孫／叔孙 (Shūsūn)
- 叔山
- 叔帶／叔带
- 叔度
- 叔度陂
- 叔度陂湖
- 叔待
- 叔援嫂溺
- 叔敖
- 叔旦
- 叔服
- 叔母 (shūmǔ)
- 叔父 (shūfù)
- 叔牙
- 叔獻／叔献
- 叔相
- 叔祖 (shūzǔ)
- 叔祖母 (shūzǔmǔ)
- 叔翁
- 叔舅
- 叔豹
- 叔達／叔达
- 叔郎
- 叔鮪／叔鲔
- 叔齊／叔齐
- 同叔
- 四叔 (sìshū)
- 大叔 (dàshū)
- 大叔于田
- 太叔 (Tàishū)
- 夷叔
- 女叔
- 嫂溺叔援
- 子叔
- 孟仲叔季
- 季叔
- 孫叔／孙叔
- 家叔
- 小叔 (xiǎoshū)
- 小叔子 (xiǎoshūzi)
- 小爺叔／小爷叔
- 山姆叔叔 (Shānmǔ shūshu)
- 山姆大叔 (Shānmǔ Dàshū)
- 師叔／师叔 (shīshū)
- 庶叔
- 廖叔
- 從叔／从叔
- 從祖叔母／从祖叔母
- 惠叔
- 戎叔
- 方叔
- 族叔
- 步叔
- 班叔
- 申叔
- 痴叔
- 癡叔／痴叔
- 皇叔 (huángshū)
- 磬叔
- 老叔
- 芻叔／刍叔
- 范叔
- 蔡叔
- 血叔
- 表叔 (biǎoshū)
- 衰叔
- 賢叔／贤叔
- 阿叔 (āshū)
- 飂叔／𮨵叔
- 飂叔安／𮨵叔安
- 養叔／养叔
- 鮑叔／鲍叔
Descendants
[edit]- → English: Ah Chek
- → Malay: encik
- → Indonesian: encik
- → Tagalog: Intsik
- → Cebuano: Insik
- → Thai: เจ๊ก (jék)
- → Khmer: ចិក (cək)
- → Vietnamese: Chệch
Etymology 2
[edit]| simp. and trad. |
叔 | |
|---|---|---|
| alternative forms | ||
Cognate with 收 (OC *qʰljɯw, “to gather; to harvest”) (Schuessler, 2007).
Pronunciation
[edit]- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, Mainland)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄕㄨ
- Tongyong Pinyin: shu
- Wade–Giles: shu1
- Yale: shū
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shu
- Palladius: шу (šu)
- Sinological IPA (key): /ʂu⁵⁵/
- (Standard Chinese, Taiwan)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄕㄨˊ
- Tongyong Pinyin: shú
- Wade–Giles: shu2
- Yale: shú
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shwu
- Palladius: шу (šu)
- Sinological IPA (key): /ʂu³⁵/
- (Standard Chinese, Mainland)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: suk1
- Yale: sūk
- Cantonese Pinyin: suk7
- Guangdong Romanization: sug1
- Sinological IPA (key): /sʊk̚⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Middle Chinese: syuwk
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*s-tiwk/
- (Zhengzhang): /*hljɯwɢ/
Definitions
[edit]叔
- (obsolete) to gather; to harvest
- 七月食瓜，八月斷壺，九月叔苴，采荼薪樗。 [Pre-Classical Chinese, trad.]
- From: The Classic of Poetry, c. 11th – 7th centuries BCE, translated based on James Legge's version
- Qīyuè shí guā, bāyuè duàn hú, jiǔyuè shū jū, cǎi tú xīn chū. [Pinyin]
- In the seventh month, they eat the melons;
In the eighth, they cut down the bottle-gourds;
In the ninth, they gather the hemp-seed;
They gather the sowthistle and make firewood of the Fetid tree.
七月食瓜，八月断壶，九月叔苴，采荼薪樗。 [Pre-Classical Chinese, simp.]
Etymology 3
[edit]| simp. and trad. |
叔 | |
|---|---|---|
Pronunciation
[edit]- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, standard in Mainland)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄕㄨ
- Tongyong Pinyin: shu
- Wade–Giles: shu1
- Yale: shū
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shu
- Palladius: шу (šu)
- Sinological IPA (key): /ʂu⁵⁵/
- (Standard Chinese, standard in Taiwan)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄕㄨˊ
- Tongyong Pinyin: shú
- Wade–Giles: shu2
- Yale: shú
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shwu
- Palladius: шу (šu)
- Sinological IPA (key): /ʂu³⁵/
- (Standard Chinese, variant)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄔㄨˋ
- Tongyong Pinyin: chù
- Wade–Giles: chʻu4
- Yale: chù
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chuh
- Palladius: чу (ču)
- Sinological IPA (key): /ʈ͡ʂʰu⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese, standard in Mainland)+
Definitions
[edit]叔
Etymology 4
[edit]| simp. and trad. |
叔 | |
|---|---|---|
Pronunciation
[edit]- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, Mainland)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄕㄨ
- Tongyong Pinyin: shu
- Wade–Giles: shu1
- Yale: shū
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shu
- Palladius: шу (šu)
- Sinological IPA (key): /ʂu⁵⁵/
- (Standard Chinese, Taiwan)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄕㄨˊ
- Tongyong Pinyin: shú
- Wade–Giles: shu2
- Yale: shú
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shwu
- Palladius: шу (šu)
- Sinological IPA (key): /ʂu³⁵/
- (Standard Chinese, Mainland)+
Definitions
[edit]叔
Etymology 5
[edit]| simp. and trad. |
叔 | |
|---|---|---|
Pronunciation
[edit]- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, Mainland)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄕㄨ
- Tongyong Pinyin: shu
- Wade–Giles: shu1
- Yale: shū
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shu
- Palladius: шу (šu)
- Sinological IPA (key): /ʂu⁵⁵/
- (Standard Chinese, Taiwan)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄕㄨˊ
- Tongyong Pinyin: shú
- Wade–Giles: shu2
- Yale: shú
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shwu
- Palladius: шу (šu)
- Sinological IPA (key): /ʂu³⁵/
- (Standard Chinese, Mainland)+
Definitions
[edit]叔
Compounds
[edit]References
[edit]Japanese
[edit]Kanji
[edit]叔
Readings
[edit]Korean
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Middle Chinese 叔 (MC syuwk). Recorded as Middle Korean 슉〮 (syúk) (Yale: syuk) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.
Hanja
[edit]
叔 (eumhun 아저씨 숙 (ajeossi suk))
Compounds
[edit]Compounds
References
[edit]- 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典. [1]
Vietnamese
[edit]Han character
[edit]- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
{{rfdef}}.
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