亞
|
Translingual
[edit]Traditional | 亞 |
---|---|
Shinjitai | 亜 |
Simplified | 亚 |
Han character
[edit]亞 (Kangxi radical 7, 二+6, 8 strokes, cangjie input 一中中一 (MLLM), four-corner 10107, composition ⿴二⿰⿳丨一𠃑⿳𠃑一丨)
- Shuowen Jiezi radical №506
Derived characters
[edit]- 俹, 啞, 埡, 婭, 孲, 𡹄, 𢛟, 掗, 𣵾, 椏, 𤦩, 𦜖, 𥏝, 䃁, 稏, 𥺼, 𦩒, 𠼞, 䛩, 𨁶, 錏, 𩜄, 𩤃, 𩩤, 𩸋, 䢝, 𩗽
- 㝞, 𦲕, 𥦳, 𠨣, 壼, 𥮳, 𠁏, 𠆊, 𠁕, 𩭯, 𢑹, 𡱻, 𢩔, 瘂, 氬, 堊, 𡹅, 惡, 𣇩, 𤊗, 琧, 𤲢, 蝁, 𣉩, 𩸖, 𠁐, 閸, 𡈀, 𬘃
- 𠜲, 𣂪, 㰳, 𫡷, 𤲾, 𩓩, 𬪿, 𩸇, 鵶, 𣛽, 𥉢, 𧓥, 𠠇, 斵, 𧢗, 𣤼
References
[edit]- Kangxi Dictionary: page 87, character 13
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 274
- Dae Jaweon: page 183, character 20
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 23, character 2
- Unihan data for U+4E9E
Chinese
[edit]trad. | 亞 | |
---|---|---|
simp. | 亚 | |
alternative forms | 亜 𠀓 𠄮 俹/𱎫 䢝 |
Glyph origin
[edit]Historical forms of the character 亞 | |||
---|---|---|---|
Shang | Western Zhou | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) |
Oracle bone script | Bronze inscriptions | Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
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References:
Mostly from Richard Sears' Chinese Etymology site (authorisation),
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Pictogram (象形) : an overhead view of a construction, likely a 亞-shaped tomb.
Etymology 1
[edit]Probably from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *ʔrak (“inferior; dependent”), whence Tibetan རག (rag, “to depend on; subject; subservient; dependent”) (Bodman, 1980; Coblin, 1986).
Karlgren (1957) connects it to 惡 (OC *qaːɡ, “evil”), but Schuessler (2007) considers this to be unlikely due to the semantics.
The shangsheng pronunciation in Mandarin (yǎ) is a result of influence from the pronunciation of 啞/哑 (yǎ), whose written form contains 亞 as a component (Fu, 1958).
Pronunciation
[edit]- Mandarin
- (Standard)
- (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): ya4
- Cantonese
- Gan (Wiktionary): nga3
- Hakka
- Jin (Wiktionary): ia3
- Northern Min (KCR): ngā
- Eastern Min (BUC): ā
- Southern Min
- Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): 1ia
- Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): ia4
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, standard in Mainland and Taiwan)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄧㄚˋ
- Tongyong Pinyin: yà
- Wade–Giles: ya4
- Yale: yà
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yah
- Palladius: я (ja)
- Sinological IPA (key): /jä⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese, common variant)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄧㄚˇ
- Tongyong Pinyin: yǎ
- Wade–Giles: ya3
- Yale: yǎ
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yea
- Palladius: я (ja)
- Sinological IPA (key): /jä²¹⁴/
- (Chengdu)
- Sichuanese Pinyin: ya4
- Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: ia
- Sinological IPA (key): /ia²¹³/
- (Standard Chinese, standard in Mainland and Taiwan)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: aa3
- Yale: a
- Cantonese Pinyin: aa3
- Guangdong Romanization: a3
- Sinological IPA (key): /aː³³/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
- Wiktionary: a1
- Sinological IPA (key): /a³³/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
- Gan
- (Nanchang)
- Wiktionary: nga3
- Sinological IPA (key): /ŋa²¹³/
- (Nanchang)
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: á
- Hakka Romanization System: aˋ
- Hagfa Pinyim: a3
- Sinological IPA: /a³¹/
- (Meixian)
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Jin
- (Taiyuan)+
- Wiktionary: ia3
- Sinological IPA (old-style): /ia⁴⁵/
- (Taiyuan)+
- Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
- Kienning Colloquial Romanized: ngā
- Sinological IPA (key): /ŋa⁵⁵/
- (Jian'ou)
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: ā
- Sinological IPA (key): /a³³/
- (Fuzhou)
- Southern Min
- a, ah - vernacular;
- à - literary.
- Middle Chinese: 'aeH
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*ʔˤrak-s/
- (Zhengzhang): /*qraːɡs/
Definitions
[edit]亞
- † a house (four walls & windows, seen from above)
- second; inferior
- † Alternative form of 婭/娅
- a surname
Etymology 2
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]- Mandarin
- (Standard)
- (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): ya4
- Cantonese
- Gan (Wiktionary): nga3
- Hakka
- Jin (Wiktionary): ia3
- Northern Min (KCR): ngā
- Eastern Min (BUC): ā
- Southern Min
- Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): 1ia
- Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): ia4
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, standard in Mainland and Taiwan)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄧㄚˋ
- Tongyong Pinyin: yà
- Wade–Giles: ya4
- Yale: yà
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yah
- Palladius: я (ja)
- Sinological IPA (key): /jä⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese, common variant)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄧㄚˇ
- Tongyong Pinyin: yǎ
- Wade–Giles: ya3
- Yale: yǎ
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yea
- Palladius: я (ja)
- Sinological IPA (key): /jä²¹⁴/
- (Chengdu)
- Sichuanese Pinyin: ya4
- Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: ia
- Sinological IPA (key): /ia²¹³/
- (Standard Chinese, standard in Mainland and Taiwan)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: aa3
- Yale: a
- Cantonese Pinyin: aa3
- Guangdong Romanization: a3
- Sinological IPA (key): /aː³³/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
- Wiktionary: a1
- Sinological IPA (key): /a³³/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
- Gan
- (Nanchang)
- Wiktionary: nga3
- Sinological IPA (key): /ŋa²¹³/
- (Nanchang)
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: á / â
- Hakka Romanization System: aˋ / aˊ
- Hagfa Pinyim: a3 / a1
- Sinological IPA: /a³¹/, /a²⁴/
- (Meixian)
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Jin
- (Taiyuan)+
- Wiktionary: ia3
- Sinological IPA (old-style): /ia⁴⁵/
- (Taiyuan)+
- Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
- Kienning Colloquial Romanized: ngā
- Sinological IPA (key): /ŋa⁵⁵/
- (Jian'ou)
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: ā
- Sinological IPA (key): /a³³/
- (Fuzhou)
- Southern Min
- Wu
- Xiang
- (Changsha)
- Wiktionary: ia4
- Sinological IPA (key): /i̯a̠⁴⁵/
- (Changsha)
Definitions
[edit]亞
Descendants
[edit]Etymology 3
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄧㄚ
- Tongyong Pinyin: ya
- Wade–Giles: ya1
- Yale: yā
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: ia
- Palladius: я (ja)
- Sinological IPA (key): /jä⁵⁵/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: aa3
- Yale: a
- Cantonese Pinyin: aa3
- Guangdong Romanization: a3
- Sinological IPA (key): /aː³³/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Southern Min
- (Teochew)
- Peng'im: a1
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: a
- Sinological IPA (key): /a³³/
- (Teochew)
Definitions
[edit]亞
Etymology 4
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]- Southern Pinghua (Nanning, Jyutping++): aa3
- Southern Pinghua
- (Nanning Pinghua, Tingzi)
- Jyutping++: aa3
- Sinological IPA (key): /a⁵⁵/
- (Nanning Pinghua, Tingzi)
Definitions
[edit]亞
- (Nanning Pinghua) this
- 亞件衫/亚件衫 [Nanning Pinghua] ― aa3 gyun6 saam1 [Jyutping++] ― this shirt
Synonyms
[edit]Compounds
[edit]- 中亞/中亚 (Zhōngyà)
- 中亞細亞/中亚细亚 (Zhōng-Yàxìyà)
- 亞丁/亚丁 (Yàdīng)
- 亞丁灣/亚丁湾 (Yàdīngwān)
- 亞伯拉罕/亚伯拉罕 (Yàbólāhǎn)
- 亞元/亚元
- 亞加狄亞/亚加狄亚
- 亞匹/亚匹
- 亞卿/亚卿
- 亞喬木/亚乔木
- 亞塞拜然/亚塞拜然
- 亞太地區/亚太地区
- 亞於/亚于 (yàyú)
- 亞東/亚东 (yàdōng)
- 亞松森/亚松森 (Yàsōngsēn)
- 亞格拉/亚格拉
- 亞歲/亚岁
- 亞洲/亚洲 (Yàzhōu)
- 亞洲鐵人/亚洲铁人
- 亞熱帶/亚热带 (yàrèdài)
- 亞父/亚父
- 亞爾薩斯/亚尔萨斯
- 亞特拉斯/亚特拉斯
- 亞特蘭大/亚特兰大 (Yàtèlándà)
- 亞獻/亚献
- 亞瑟王/亚瑟王 (Yàsè Wáng)
- 亞瓦格/亚瓦格 (yàwǎgé)
- 亞當/亚当 (Yàdāng)
- 亞當/亚当 (Yàdāng)
- 亞當斯密/亚当斯密
- 亞硫酐/亚硫酐
- 亞硫酸/亚硫酸 (yàliúsuān)
- 亞硝酸/亚硝酸 (yàxiāosuān)
- 亞硝酸鹽/亚硝酸盐 (yàxiāosuānyán)
- 亞科瑞克/亚科瑞克 (yàkēruìkè)
- 亞米契斯/亚米契斯
- 亞細亞洲/亚细亚洲 (Yàxìyà Zhōu)
- 亞美利加/亚美利加 (Yàměilìjiā)
- 亞美尼亞/亚美尼亚 (Yàměiníyà)
- 亞聖/亚圣 (yàshèng)
- 亞肩疊背/亚肩叠背
- 亞腰葫蘆/亚腰葫芦
- 亞膠/亚胶
- 亞蔬中心/亚蔬中心
- 亞衛一號/亚卫一号
- 亞裔/亚裔 (yàyì)
- 亞軍/亚军 (yàjūn)
- 亞述帝國/亚述帝国
- 亞速群島/亚速群岛
- 亞運/亚运 (Yàyùn)
- 亞馬孫河/亚马孙河
- 亞麻/亚麻 (yàmá)
- 亞麻仁油/亚麻仁油
- 以利亞/以利亚 (Yǐlìyà)
- 以賽亞/以赛亚 (Yǐsàiyà)
- 伊利亞德/伊利亚德
- 低亞/低亚
- 保加利亞/保加利亚 (Bǎojiālìyà)
- 克拉斯諾亞爾斯克/克拉斯诺亚尔斯克 (Kèlāsīnuòyà'ěrsīkè)
- 內亞/内亚 (Nèiyà)
- 利比亞/利比亚 (Lìbǐyà)
- 匹亞/匹亚
- 半亞/半亚
- 南亞/南亚 (Nányà)
- 厄利垂亞/厄利垂亚 (Èlìchuíyà)
- 吉亞/吉亚 (Jíyà)
- 周亞夫/周亚夫
- 哈利路亞/哈利路亚 (hālìlùyà)
- 哥倫比亞/哥伦比亚 (Gēlúnbǐyà)
- 喬治亞/乔治亚 (Qiáozhìyà)
- 圭亞那/圭亚那 (Guīyànà)
- 坦尚尼亞/坦尚尼亚 (Tǎnshàngníyà)
- 塞爾維亞/塞尔维亚
- 塔非亞酒/塔非亚酒
- 大亞灣/大亚湾 (Dàyàwān)
- 奈及利亞/奈及利亚 (Nàijílìyà)
- 奧依亞依拉克/奥依亚依拉克 (Àoyīyà Yīlākè)
- 奧林比亞/奥林比亚
- 小亞細亞/小亚细亚
- 尚比亞/尚比亚 (Shàngbǐyà)
- 岡比亞/冈比亚 (Gāngbǐyà)
- 巴伐利亞/巴伐利亚
- 巴波亞/巴波亚 (bābōyà)
- 巴西利亞/巴西利亚 (Bāxīlìyà)
- 布亞/布亚 (Bùyà)
- 布爾喬亞/布尔乔亚 (bù'ěrqiáoyà)
- 布里亞族
- 希斯亞德/希斯亚德
- 帕提亞/帕提亚 (Pàtíyà)
- 幾內亞/几内亚
- 幾內亞灣/几内亚湾
- 彌賽亞/弥赛亚 (Mísàiyà)
- 德佛亞克/德佛亚克
- 愛奧尼亞/爱奥尼亚
- 愛沙尼亞/爱沙尼亚 (Àishāníyà)
- 披亞諾/披亚诺
- 拔爾波亞/拔尔波亚
- 拉脫維亞/拉脱维亚 (Lātuōwéiyà)
- 斯里賈亞瓦德納普拉科特/斯里贾亚瓦德纳普拉科特 (Sīlǐ Jiǎyàwǎdénàpǔlā Kētè)
- 東亞/东亚 (Dōngyà)
- 東北亞/东北亚 (Dōngběiyà)
- 東南亞/东南亚 (Dōngnányà)
- 柯克亞/柯克亚 (Kēkèyà)
- 栝矢亞/栝矢亚
- 歐亞/欧亚
- 歐亞大陸/欧亚大陆
- 毛里塔尼亞 (Máolǐtǎníyà)
- 汎亞/泛亚
- 沈亞之
- 波士尼亞/波士尼亚 (Bōshìníyà)
- 波希米亞/波希米亚 (Bōxīmǐyà)
- 流亞/流亚 (liúyà)
- 澳大利亞/澳大利亚 (Àodàlìyà)
- 熱那亞/热那亚 (Rènàyà)
- 玻利維亞/玻利维亚 (Bōlìwéiyà)
- 瑪利亞/玛利亚 (Mǎlìyà)
- 甘比亞/甘比亚 (Gānbǐyà)
- 科克亞/科克亚 (Kēkèyà)
- 突尼西亞/突尼西亚
- 索馬利亞/索马利亚 (Suǒmǎlìyà)
- 維吉尼亞/维吉尼亚 (Wéijíníyà)
- 罷亞/罢亚
- 羅亞爾河/罗亚尔河
- 羅德西亞/罗德西亚 (Luódéxīyà)
- 羅馬尼亞/罗马尼亚 (Luómǎníyà)
- 聖露西亞/圣露西亚 (Shènglùxīyà)
- 肯亞/肯亚 (Kěnyà)
- 莎士比亞/莎士比亚 (Shāshìbǐyà)
- 蒙古利亞/蒙古利亚
- 衣索比亞/衣索比亚 (Yīsuǒbǐyà)
- 西亞/西亚 (Xīyà)
- 西伯利亞/西伯利亚 (Xībólìyà)
- 西利西亞/西利西亚
- 諾亞/诺亚 (Nuòyà)
- 賴比瑞亞/赖比瑞亚 (Làibǐruìyà)
- 那密比亞/那密比亚
- 阿亞圖拉/阿亚图拉 (āyàtúlā)
- 阿摩尼亞/阿摩尼亚 (āmóníyà)
- 馬來亞/马来亚 (Mǎláiyà)
- 馬來西亞/马来西亚 (Mǎláixīyà)
- 馬利亞/马利亚 (Mǎlìyà)
References
[edit]- “亞”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
- Dictionary of Chinese Character Variants (教育部異體字字典), A00057
Japanese
[edit]亜 | |
亞 |
Kanji
[edit](Jinmeiyō kanji, kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form 亜)
- rank
- follow
- sub- prefix
Readings
[edit]Definitions
[edit]For pronunciation and definitions of 亞 – see the following entry. | ||
| ||
(This term, 亞, is the kyūjitai of the above term.) |
Usage notes
[edit]Korean
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Middle Chinese 亞 (MC 'aeH).
- Recorded as Middle Korean ᅙᅡᆼ〮 (Yale: qá) in Dongguk Jeongun (東國正韻 / 동국정운), 1448.
- Recorded as Early Modern Korean 아 (Yale: a) in Samun Seonghwi (三韻聲彙 / 삼운성휘), 1751.
Pronunciation
[edit]- (phonetic element in transliterations):
- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [a̠]
- Phonetic hangul: [아]
- (second; sub-; ranking next; etc.):
- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [a̠(ː)]
- Phonetic hangul: [아(ː)]
- Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.
Hanja
[edit]- hanja form? of 아 (“second; sub-”)
- hanja form? of 아 (“ranking next; coming after”)
- hanja form? of 아 (“Asia (abbreviation)”)
- hanja form? of 아 (“used as a prefix to names”)
Compounds
[edit]Proper noun
[edit]Hanja in this term |
---|
亞 |
Usage notes
[edit]A common convention in news headlines, this is almost always written solely in the Hanja form, even in contemporary Korean text otherwise devoid of any Hanja.
References
[edit]- 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전/電子字典. [2]
Vietnamese
[edit]Han character
[edit]References
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- Southern Pinghua hanzi
- Chinese particles
- Southern Pinghua particles
- Nanning Pinghua
- Southern Pinghua terms with collocations
- Japanese kanji
- Japanese jinmeiyō kanji
- Japanese kanji with goon reading え
- Japanese kanji with kan'on reading あ
- Japanese kanji with kan'on reading あつ
- Japanese kanji with kan'on reading おう
- Japanese kanji with kun reading つ・ぎ
- Japanese kanji with kun reading つ・ぐ
- Korean terms derived from Middle Chinese
- Middle Korean hanja
- Early Modern Korean hanja
- Korean terms with long vowels in the first syllable
- Korean lemmas
- Korean hanja
- Korean hanja forms
- Korean proper nouns
- Korean proper nouns in Han script
- Korean short forms
- Vietnamese lemmas
- Vietnamese Han characters