मकर

Hindi

Etymology

From Sanskrit मकर (makara). Cognate with Marathi मकर (makar).

Pronunciation

• (Delhi) IPA^(key): /mə.kəɾ/, [mɐ.kɐɾ]

Noun

मकर • (makar) m (Urdu spelling مکر)

1. a sea monster
2. a crocodile

Declension

Declension of मकर (masc cons-stem)

	singular	plural
direct	मकर makar	मकर makar
oblique	मकर makar	मकरों makarõ
vocative	मकर makar	मकरो makaro

Proper noun

मकर • (makar) m (Urdu spelling مکر)

1. (astronomy) Capricornus
2. (astrology) Capricorn

See also

Zodiac signs in Hindi · राशियाँ (rāśiyā̃) (layout · text)
मेष (meṣ)	वृष (vŕṣ)	मिथुन (mithun)	कर्क (kark)
सिंह (sĩh)	कन्या (kanyā)	तुला (tulā)	वृश्चिक (vŕścik)
धनु (dhanu)	मकर (makar)	कुंभ (kumbh)	मीना (mīnā)

References

• McGregor, Ronald Stuart (1993) “मकर”, in The Oxford Hindi-English Dictionary, London: Oxford University Press

Marathi

Etymology

From Sanskrit मकर (makara). Cognate with Hindi मकर (makar).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /mə.kəɾ/

Proper noun

मकर • (makar) m

1. (astronomy) Capricornus
2. (astrology) Capricorn

See also

Zodiac signs in Marathi · राशी (rāśī) (layout · text)
मेष (meṣ)	वृषभ (vŕṣabh)	मिथुन (mithun)	कर्क (karka)
सिंह (siuha)	कन्या (kanyā)	तूळ (tūḷ)	वृश्चिक (vŕścik)
धनु (dhanu)	मकर (makar)	कुंभ (kumbha)	मीन (mīn)

Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

Alternative scripts

• মকৰ (Assamese script)
• ᬫᬓᬭ (Balinese script)
• মকর (Bengali script)
• 𑰦𑰎𑰨 (Bhaiksuki script)
• 𑀫𑀓𑀭 (Brahmi script)
• မကရ (Burmese script)
• મકર (Gujarati script)
• ਮਕਰ (Gurmukhi script)
• 𑌮𑌕𑌰 (Grantha script)
• ꦩꦏꦫ (Javanese script)
• 𑂧𑂍𑂩 (Kaithi script)
• ಮಕರ (Kannada script)
• មករ (Khmer script)
• ມກຣ (Lao script)
• മകര (Malayalam script)
• ᠮᠠᡬᠠᡵᠠ (Manchu script)
• 𑘦𑘎𑘨 (Modi script)
• ᠮᠠᢉᠠᠷᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
• 𑧆𑦮𑧈 (Nandinagari script)
• 𑐩𑐎𑐬 (Newa script)
• ମକର (Odia script)
• ꢪꢒꢬ (Saurashtra script)
• 𑆩𑆑𑆫 (Sharada script)
• 𑖦𑖎𑖨 (Siddham script)
• මකර (Sinhalese script)
• 𑩴𑩜𑩼 (Soyombo script)
• 𑚢𑚊𑚤 (Takri script)
• மகர (Tamil script)
• మకర (Telugu script)
• มกร (Thai script)
• མ་ཀ་ར (Tibetan script)
• 𑒧𑒏𑒩 (Tirhuta script)
• 𑨢𑨋𑨫 (Zanabazar Square script)

Etymology

Of unclear origin. Likely a borrowing, along with नक्र (nakra, “Scorpio; alligator; sea monster”), to which it may be related, from a non-Indo-European source, perhaps Dravidian. Attempts to connect the word with fish names in Hellenic and Baltic, as well as with Old Church Slavonic мокръ (mokrŭ, “wet”), are unconvincing.

Pronunciation

• (Vedic) IPA^(key): /mɐ́.kɐ.ɾɐ/
• (Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /ˈmɐ.kɐ.ɾɐ/

Noun

मकर • (mákara) stem, m

1. a kind of sea-monster (sometimes confounded with the crocodile, shark, dolphin)
2. (astrology, astronomy) name of the 10th sign of the zodiac (Capricornus)
3. the 10th arc of 30 degrees in any circle L.
4. an army of troops in the form of a मकर Mn. vii, 187
5. an earring shaped like a मकर BhP. (Cf. मकर-कुण्डल)
6. the hands folded in the form of a मकर Cat.
7. one of the 9 treasures of Kubera
8. one of the 8 magical treasures called पद्मिनी

Declension

Masculine a-stem declension of मकर (mákara)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	मकरः mákaraḥ	मकरौ / मकरा¹ mákarau / mákarā¹	मकराः / मकरासः¹ mákarāḥ / mákarāsaḥ¹
Vocative	मकर mákara	मकरौ / मकरा¹ mákarau / mákarā¹	मकराः / मकरासः¹ mákarāḥ / mákarāsaḥ¹
Accusative	मकरम् mákaram	मकरौ / मकरा¹ mákarau / mákarā¹	मकरान् mákarān
Instrumental	मकरेण mákareṇa	मकराभ्याम् mákarābhyām	मकरैः / मकरेभिः¹ mákaraiḥ / mákarebhiḥ¹
Dative	मकराय mákarāya	मकराभ्याम् mákarābhyām	मकरेभ्यः mákarebhyaḥ
Ablative	मकरात् mákarāt	मकराभ्याम् mákarābhyām	मकरेभ्यः mákarebhyaḥ
Genitive	मकरस्य mákarasya	मकरयोः mákarayoḥ	मकराणाम् mákarāṇām
Locative	मकरे mákare	मकरयोः mákarayoḥ	मकरेषु mákareṣu
Notes	¹Vedic

Descendants

• Hindi: मकर (makar)
• → Malayalam: മകരം (makaraṁ)
• Marathi: मकर (makar)
• Pali: makara
  • → Burmese: မကာရ (ma.kara.)
  • → Khmer: មករ (môkâr), មករា (mĕəʼkaʼraa)
  • → Thai: มกร (má-gɔɔn), มังกร (mang-gɔɔn)
• Punjabi: magar (“crocodile”)

  Gurmukhi script: ਮਗਰ

  Shahmukhi script: مَگَر

• → Middle Chinese: 摩竭 (MC ma gjot|gjet)
  • Cantonese: 摩羯 (mo¹ kit³)
  • Mandarin: 摩羯 (mójié)
  • Min Nan: 摩羯 (mô͘-kiat)
• → Tamil: மகரம் (makaram)
• → Telugu: మకరము (makaramu)

See also

Zodiac signs in Sanskrit (layout · text)
मेष (meṣa)	ऋषभ (ṛṣabha)	मिथुन (mithuna)	कर्कटक (karkaṭaka)
सिंह (siṃha)	कन्या (kanyā)	तुला (tulā)	वृश्चिक (vṛścika)
धनु (dhanu)	मकर (makara)	कुम्भ (kumbha)	मीन (mīna)

References

• Apte, Vaman Shivram (1890) “मकरः”, in The practical Sanskrit-English dictionary, Poona: Prasad Prakashan
• Monier Williams (1899) “मकर”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 771/2.
• Mayrhofer, Manfred (1996) “MAḾH- - mákara-”, in Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎^[1] (in German), volume II, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 286
• Mayrhofer, Manfred (1963) “makamakāyate— mákarah”, in Kurzgefasstes Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindischen [A Concise Etymological Sanskrit Dictionary]‎^[2] (in German), volume II, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, pages 539-540