غير
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Arabic
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]Root |
---|
غ ي ر (ḡ y r) |
14 terms |
Compare غَارَ (ḡāra, “to be jealous, to display zeal”).
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]غَيْر • (ḡayr) m
- (in construct state):
- other than, different from, unlike
- غَيْرُهُ ― ḡayruhu ― another (literally, “other than him”)
- هَل عِنْدَكَ أَصْدِقَاءُ غَيْرُ هَٰؤُلَاءِ؟
- hal ʕindaka ʔaṣdiqāʔu ḡayru hāʔulāʔi?
- Do you have any friends other than these?
- رَأَيْتُ رَجُلًا غَيْرَهُ
- raʔaytu rajulan ḡayrahu
- I saw a man other than him.
- 609–632 CE, Qur'an, 6:68:
- وَإِذَا رَأَيۡتَ ٱلَّذِينَ يَخُوضُونَ فِيۤ ءَايَٰتِنَا فَأَعۡرِضۡ عَنۡهُمۡ حَتَّىٰ يَخُوضُوا۟ فِي حَدِيثٍ غَيۡرِهِۦ ۚ وَإِمَّا يُنسِيَنَّكَ ٱلشَّيۡطَٰنُ فَلَا تَقۡعُدۡ بَعۡدَ ٱلذِّكۡرَىٰ مَعَ ٱلۡقَوۡمِ ٱلظَّٰلِمِينَ
- (please add an English translation of this quotation)
- except, save, but
- لَا أُرِيدُ غَيْرَ ذٰلِكَ.
- lā ʔurīdu ḡayra ḏālika.
- I want only this.
- (literally, “I don’t want anything but this.”)
- وَصَلَ الْمُسَافِرُونَ غَيْرَ وَاحِدٍ.
- waṣala l-musāfirūna ḡayra wāḥidin.
- All the travellers arrived but one.
- 609–632 CE, Qur'an, 7:59:
- لَقَدْ أَرْسَلْنَا نُوحًا إِلَىٰ قَوْمِهِ فَقَالَ يَا قَوْمِ اعْبُدُوا اللَّهَ مَا لَكُم مِّنْ إِلَٰهٍ غَيْرُهُ إِنِّي أَخَافُ عَلَيْكُمْ عَذَابَ يَوْمٍ عَظِيمٍ
- (please add an English translation of this quotation)
- more than
- غَيْرَ مَرَّةٍ
- ḡayra marratin
- more than once
- no, not, un-, non-, in-, dis-
- غَيْرُ طَيِّبٍ
- ḡayru ṭayyibin
- not good
- هَٰذَا غَيْرُ قَانُونِيٍّ
- hāḏā ḡayru qānūniyyin
- This is illegal
- يَكُونُ غَيْرَ قَانُونِيٍّ
- yakūnu ḡayra qānūniyyin
- It is illegal
- هٰذَا الْمَحَلٌّ غَيْرُ مَفْتُوحٍ لِلنَاسِ غَيْرِ الْمُتَحَضَّرِينَ وَالمُتَوَحِّشِينَ
- hāḏā l-maḥallun ḡayru maftūḥin li-n-nāsi ḡayri al-mutaḥaḍḍarīna wa-l-mutawaḥḥišīna
- This place is not open for uncivilized or uncouth people.
- (literally, “This place is not open for the other-than-civilized and uncouth people.”)
- other than, different from, unlike
- (in definite state اَلْغَيْر (al-ḡayr)):
Declension
[edit]Declension of noun غَيْر (ḡayr)
Synonyms
[edit]- إِلَّا (ʔillā), سِوَى (siwā), دُونَ (dūna), إِلَّا (ʔillā), عَدَا (ʕadā), خَلَا (ḵalā), حَاشَا (ḥāšā)
Derived terms
[edit]- غَيْرِيّ (ḡayriyy)
- بِغَيْرِ (biḡayri, “without”)
- لَا غَيْرُ (lā ḡayru, “only, just, nothing besides that”)
Descendants
[edit]- → Azerbaijani: qeyr
- → Chagatai: غیر
- → Ladino: gher (Haketia)
- → Ottoman Turkish: غیر (gayr)
- Turkish: gayr
- → Persian: غیر (ğeyr)
- → Turkmen: gaýr
Etymology 2
[edit]Root |
---|
غ ي ر (ḡ y r) |
14 terms |
Pronunciation
[edit]Verb
[edit]غَيَّرَ • (ḡayyara) II, non-past يُغَيِّرُ (yuḡayyiru)
- (transitive) to change, to alter
- 609–632 CE, Qur'an, 13:11:
- إِنَّ اللَّٰهَ لَا يُغَيِّرُ مَا بِقَوْمٍ حَتَّى يُغَيِّرُوا مَا بِأَنْفُسِهِمْ
- ʔinna llāha lā yuḡayyiru mā biqawmin ḥattā yuḡayyirū mā biʔanfusihim
- (please add an English translation of this quotation)
Conjugation
[edit]Conjugation of
غَيَّرَ
(form-II sound)verbal noun الْمَصْدَر |
taḡyīr | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل |
muḡayyir | |||||||||||
passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول |
muḡayyar | |||||||||||
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | ḡayyartu |
ḡayyarta |
غَيَّرَ ḡayyara |
ḡayyartumā |
ḡayyarā |
ḡayyarnā |
ḡayyartum |
ḡayyarū | |||
f | ḡayyarti |
ḡayyarat |
ḡayyaratā |
ḡayyartunna |
ḡayyarna | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع |
m | ʔuḡayyiru |
tuḡayyiru |
yuḡayyiru |
tuḡayyirāni |
yuḡayyirāni |
nuḡayyiru |
tuḡayyirūna |
yuḡayyirūna | |||
f | tuḡayyirīna |
tuḡayyiru |
tuḡayyirāni |
tuḡayyirna |
yuḡayyirna | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | ʔuḡayyira |
tuḡayyira |
yuḡayyira |
tuḡayyirā |
yuḡayyirā |
nuḡayyira |
tuḡayyirū |
yuḡayyirū | |||
f | tuḡayyirī |
tuḡayyira |
tuḡayyirā |
tuḡayyirna |
yuḡayyirna | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | ʔuḡayyir |
tuḡayyir |
yuḡayyir |
tuḡayyirā |
yuḡayyirā |
nuḡayyir |
tuḡayyirū |
yuḡayyirū | |||
f | tuḡayyirī |
tuḡayyir |
tuḡayyirā |
tuḡayyirna |
yuḡayyirna | |||||||
imperative الْأَمْر |
m | غَيِّرْ ḡayyir |
ḡayyirā |
ḡayyirū |
||||||||
f | ḡayyirī |
ḡayyirna | ||||||||||
passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | ḡuyyirtu |
ḡuyyirta |
غُيِّرَ ḡuyyira |
ḡuyyirtumā |
ḡuyyirā |
ḡuyyirnā |
ḡuyyirtum |
ḡuyyirū | |||
f | ḡuyyirti |
ḡuyyirat |
ḡuyyiratā |
ḡuyyirtunna |
ḡuyyirna | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع |
m | ʔuḡayyaru |
tuḡayyaru |
yuḡayyaru |
tuḡayyarāni |
yuḡayyarāni |
nuḡayyaru |
tuḡayyarūna |
yuḡayyarūna | |||
f | tuḡayyarīna |
tuḡayyaru |
tuḡayyarāni |
tuḡayyarna |
yuḡayyarna | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | ʔuḡayyara |
tuḡayyara |
yuḡayyara |
tuḡayyarā |
yuḡayyarā |
nuḡayyara |
tuḡayyarū |
yuḡayyarū | |||
f | tuḡayyarī |
tuḡayyara |
tuḡayyarā |
tuḡayyarna |
yuḡayyarna | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | ʔuḡayyar |
tuḡayyar |
yuḡayyar |
tuḡayyarā |
yuḡayyarā |
nuḡayyar |
tuḡayyarū |
yuḡayyarū | |||
f | tuḡayyarī |
tuḡayyar |
tuḡayyarā |
tuḡayyarna |
yuḡayyarna |
Etymology 3
[edit]See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
Pronunciation
[edit]Adjective
[edit]غُيُر • (ḡuyur) m pl
Noun
[edit]غُيُر • (ḡuyur) m pl
References
[edit]- Баранов, Х. К. (2011) “غير”, in Большой арабско-русский словарь (Bolʹšoj arabsko-russkij slovarʹ), 11th edition, Москва: Живой язык, →ISBN
- Lane, Edward William (1863) “غير”, in Arabic-English Lexicon[1], London: Williams & Norgate
- Wehr, Hans (1960) “غير”, in J. Milton Cowan, editor, A Dictionary of Modern Written Arabic, 3rd edition, Ithaca, NY: Otto Harrassowitz
Etymology 4
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]غَيْر • (ḡēr) m (plural غيار (ḡayār))
North Levantine Arabic
[edit]Pronoun
[edit]غير • (ḡayr, ḡēr)
- (definite) other than
- ما عنا غير القرايب.
- ma ʿinna ḡayr li-'rāyib.
- We have nobody but the relatives.
- (indefinite) other
South Levantine Arabic
[edit]Root |
---|
غ ي ر |
5 terms |
Etymology 1
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Preposition
[edit]غير • (ḡēr)
- except, apart from
- other, another, else, different
- Synonym: تاني (tāni)
- un-, in-, dis- (turning the meaning of nouns and adjectives into the opposite)
Inflection
[edit]Inflected forms of غير | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Base form | غير (ḡēr) | ||||
Personal-pronoun- including forms |
singular | plural | |||
m | f | ||||
1st person | غيري (ḡēri) | غيرنا (ḡērna) | |||
2nd person | غيرك (ḡērak) | غيرك (ḡērek) | غيركم (ḡērkom) | ||
3rd person | غيره (ḡēro) | غيرها (ḡērha) | غيرهم (ḡērhom) |
Etymology 2
[edit]From Arabic غَيَّرَ (ḡayyara).
Pronunciation
[edit]Verb
[edit]غيّر • (ḡayyar) II (present بغيّر (biḡayyer))
- (transitive) to change, to alter
Conjugation
[edit]Conjugation of غيّر (ḡayyar) | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
singular | plural | |||||||
1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | |||
past | m | غيّرت (ḡayyart) | غيّرت (ḡayyart) | غيّر (ḡayyar) | غيّرنا (ḡayyarna) | غيّرتو (ḡayyartu) | غيّرو (ḡayyaru) | |
f | غيّرتي (ḡayyarti) | غيّرت (ḡayyarat) | ||||||
present | m | بغيّر (baḡayyer) | بتغيّر (bitḡayyer) | بغيّر (biḡayyer) | منغيّر (minḡayyer) | بتغيّرو (bitḡayyru) | بغيّرو (biḡayyru) | |
f | بتغيّري (bitḡayyri) | بتغيّر (bitḡayyer) | ||||||
subjunctive | m | اغيّر (aḡayyer) | تغيّر (tḡayyer) | يغيّر (yḡayyer) | نغيّر (nḡayyer) | تغيّرو (tḡayyru) | يغيّرو (yḡayyru) | |
f | تغيّري (tḡayyri) | تغيّر (tḡayyer) | ||||||
imperative | m | غيّر (ḡayyer) | غيّرو (ḡayyru) | |||||
f | غيّري (ḡayyri) |
Categories:
- Arabic terms belonging to the root غ ي ر
- Arabic 1-syllable words
- Arabic terms with IPA pronunciation
- Arabic lemmas
- Arabic nouns
- Arabic masculine nouns
- Arabic terms with usage examples
- Arabic terms with quotations
- ar:Law
- Arabic nouns with basic triptote singular
- Arabic 3-syllable words
- Arabic verbs
- Arabic form-II verbs
- Arabic sound verbs by conjugation
- Arabic hollow form-II verbs
- Arabic hollow verbs
- Arabic form-II verbs with ي as second radical
- Arabic transitive verbs
- Arabic verbs with full passive
- Arabic 2-syllable words
- Arabic non-lemma forms
- Arabic adjective forms
- Arabic noun forms
- Arabic terms borrowed from English
- Arabic terms derived from English
- Arabic terms with irregular pronunciations
- Regional Arabic
- North Levantine Arabic lemmas
- North Levantine Arabic pronouns
- North Levantine Arabic terms with usage examples
- South Levantine Arabic terms belonging to the root غ ي ر
- South Levantine Arabic terms inherited from Arabic
- South Levantine Arabic terms derived from Arabic
- South Levantine Arabic terms with IPA pronunciation
- South Levantine Arabic terms with audio links
- South Levantine Arabic lemmas
- South Levantine Arabic prepositions
- South Levantine Arabic terms with usage examples
- South Levantine Arabic verbs
- South Levantine Arabic form-II verbs
- South Levantine Arabic transitive verbs