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σθένος

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary

Ancient Greek

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Etymology

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Unknown.[1] The cluster /stʰ/ is unusual for Ancient Greek terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European. However several hypotheses for an Indo-European derivation exist:

  • Cognate with Old English stīþ (hard, cruel, violent) (English stith (stiff, hard)), from Proto-Indo-European *stHen-.[2] This assumes that a sequence *-TH- could result in Greek -θ- (-th-), which is disputed.

The latter two both assume Proto-Hellenic *skʷʰénos.

This etymology is incomplete. You can help Wiktionary by elaborating on the origins of this term.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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σθένος (sthénosn (genitive σθένεος or σθένους); third declension

  1. strength, might, power

Inflection

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Derived terms

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Descendants

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  • Greek: σθένος (sthénos)

References

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  1. 1.0 1.1 Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “σθένος”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 1325–1326
  2. 2.0 2.1 George Melville Bolling, "The Etymology of ΣΘΕΝΟΣ", The American Journal of Philology 21 (1900), 315f

Further reading

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Greek

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Etymology

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Borrowed from Ancient Greek σθένος (sthénos).

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /ˈsθe.nos/
  • Hyphenation: σθέ‧νος

Noun

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σθένος (sthénosn

  1. moral or emotional strength, might, power
  2. (chemistry) valence, valency
  3. (grammar, linguistics) valency (number of grammatical arguments a verb can take)

Declension

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Declension of σθένος
singular plural
nominative σθένος (sthénos) σθένη (sthéni)
genitive σθένους (sthénous) σθενών (sthenón)
accusative σθένος (sthénos) σθένη (sthéni)
vocative σθένος (sthénos) σθένη (sthéni)

Further reading

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