soma
English
Pronunciation
- (General American) IPA(key): /ˈsoʊmə/
- (Received Pronunciation) IPA(key): /ˈsəʊmə/
Audio (Southern England): (file) - Rhymes: (General American) -oʊmə, (Received Pronunciation) -əʊmə
- Hyphenation: so‧ma
Etymology 1
From New Latin, from Ancient Greek σῶμα (sôma, “body”).
Noun
- (anatomy) The whole axial portion of an animal, including the head, neck, trunk, and tail.
- (biology) The body of an organism in contrast to the germ cells.
- (cytology) The bulbous part of a neuron, containing the cell nucleus.
- (philosophy) The corporeal body, as distinguished from the psyche or soul and the pneuma or spirit.
- Synonyms: see Thesaurus:body
Derived terms
Related terms
Translations
Etymology 2
Transliteration of Sanskrit सोम (soma). Doublet of haoma.
Noun
soma (uncountable)
- (Vedic religion) A ritual drink in ancient Vedic culture, obtained by pressing the Soma plant.
- 2006, Karen Armstrong, The Great Transformation, Atlantic Books, published 2007, page 82:
- Once he had drunk the intoxicating soma, he experienced an ascent to the gods without having to die a violent death, as in the old ritual.
- (by extension, science fiction) Any kind of intoxicating drug.
- 1932, Aldous Huxley, Brave New World[1], London: Chatto & Windus:
- […] there is always soma, delicious soma, half a gramme for a half-holiday, a gramme for a week-end, two grammes for a trip to the gorgeous East, three for a dark eternity on the moon […]
Alternative forms
Related terms
Translations
Anagrams
Dutch
Etymology
Noun
soma ? (plural soma's, diminutive somaatje n)
Fijian
Adverb
soma
- often, frequently
- Synonym: wasoma
Finnish
Etymology
From Proto-Finnic *soma, possibly borrowed from Proto-Germanic *sōmaz, *sōmiz (“suitable”). Related to Karelian šoma, Livvi čoma, Ludian čoma and Veps čoma (with irregular initial consonants due to the affectionate nature of the word).
Pronunciation
Adjective
soma (comparative somempi, superlative somin)
Declension
Inflection of soma (Kotus type 10/koira, no gradation) | |||
---|---|---|---|
nominative | soma | somat | |
genitive | soman | somien | |
partitive | somaa | somia | |
illative | somaan | somiin | |
singular | plural | ||
nominative | soma | somat | |
accusative | nom. | soma | somat |
gen. | soman | ||
genitive | soman | somien somain rare | |
partitive | somaa | somia | |
inessive | somassa | somissa | |
elative | somasta | somista | |
illative | somaan | somiin | |
adessive | somalla | somilla | |
ablative | somalta | somilta | |
allative | somalle | somille | |
essive | somana | somina | |
translative | somaksi | somiksi | |
abessive | somatta | somitta | |
instructive | — | somin | |
comitative | — | somine |
Derived terms
Further reading
- “soma”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish][2] (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-03
Anagrams
French
Pronunciation
Audio: (file)
Noun
soma m (plural somas)
Further reading
- “soma”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.
Galician
Etymology
From Old Galician-Portuguese soma (“top”) (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), from Latin summa (“top”).
Pronunciation
Noun
soma f (plural somas)
References
- Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, Ana Isabel Boullón Agrelo (2006–2022) “soma”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
- Xavier Varela Barreiro, Xavier Gómez Guinovart (2006–2018) “soma”, in Corpus Xelmírez - Corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: ILG
- Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, editor (2006–2013), “soma”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega [Dictionary of Dictionaries of the Galician language] (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
- Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, editors (2003–2018), “soma”, in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
- Rosario Álvarez Blanco, editor (2014–2024), “soma”, in Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega, →ISSN
Italian
Pronunciation
Etymology 1
From Late Latin sauma, from alteration of Latin sagma, from Ancient Greek σάγμα (ságma). Compare the doublet salma (“corpse”). Cognate to French somme (“packsaddle”).
Noun
soma f (plural some)
- the load borne by a pack animal
- (by extension) the measure of the capacity of a given animal to bear a load
- (figurative, literary)
Derived terms
Further reading
- soma1 in Treccani.it – Vocabolario Treccani on line, Istituto dell'Enciclopedia Italiana
Etymology 2
Borrowed from New Latin, from Ancient Greek σῶμα (sôma).
Noun
soma m (plural somi)
Derived terms
Further reading
- soma2 in Treccani.it – Vocabolario Treccani on line, Istituto dell'Enciclopedia Italiana
Etymology 3
Transliteration of Ancient Greek σῶμα (sôma).
Noun
soma m (plural somata)
- (music, historical, Byzantine Greece) second interval
Further reading
- soma3 in Treccani.it – Vocabolario Treccani on line, Istituto dell'Enciclopedia Italiana
Etymology 4
Borrowed from English soma, from Sanskrit सोम (soma), from Proto-Indo-Aryan *sáwHmas, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *sáwHmas, derived from the root *sawH- (“to press out, to extract”).
Noun
soma m (invariable) (historical)
- name of an as yet unidentified plant
- soma (juice extracted from the above plant, used as a ritual drink)
Further reading
- soma4 in Treccani.it – Vocabolario Treccani on line, Istituto dell'Enciclopedia Italiana
Anagrams
Italiot Greek
Etymology
From Ancient Greek σῶμα (sôma).
Noun
soma n
Japanese
Romanization
soma
Latvian
Etymology 1
Borrowed from Old East Slavic сума (suma) (compare Russian сума́ (sumá)), itself borrowed (via Polish) from Old High German soum (“burden”) (compare German Saum), from Ancient Greek σάγμα (ságma) (whence also Latin sagma, sauma (“burden saddle, burden”)). The borrowing happened in the 13th century, when Old East Slavic у was still pronounced as [oː]. The word soma is first attested in 17th-century dictionaries with meanings such as “bread sack”, “bag”, “travel bag”.[1]
Pronunciation
Noun
soma f (4th declension)
- bag, pack (fabric, leather, etc. object with straps or handles, used for carrying small objects, groceries, etc.)
- pasta soma ― mail bag
- medību soma ― (hunting) game bag
- skolas soma ― satchel, school bag
- iepirkumu soma ― shopping bag
- ceļa soma, ceļasoma ― suitcase (lit. travelling bag)
- rokas soma, rokassoma ― purse (lit. hand bag)
- mugursoma ― backpack, knapsack, rucksack
- (biology, anatomy) pouch (skin fold in marsupials to keep a newborn baby)
- ķengura soma ― kangaroo pouch
Declension
Derived terms
See also
Etymology 2
See soms.
Noun
soma m
References
- ^ Karulis, Konstantīns (1992) “soma”, in Latviešu Etimoloģijas Vārdnīca (in Latvian), Rīga: AVOTS, →ISBN
Polish
Pronunciation
Etymology 1
Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek σῶμα (sôma).
Noun
soma f
- (anatomy) soma (the whole axial portion of an animal, including the head, neck, trunk, and tail)
- (anatomy) soma (the corporeal body, as distinguished from the psyche or soul)
Declension
Derived terms
Related terms
Etymology 2
Borrowed from Sanskrit सोम (soma).
Noun
soma f
- (Vedic religion) soma (ritual drink in ancient Vedic and continuing Hindu culture)
Declension
Etymology 3
See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
Noun
soma m animal
Further reading
- soma in Polish dictionaries at PWN
Portuguese
Etymology 1
From Old Galician-Portuguese soma, from Latin summa.
Pronunciation
Noun
soma f (plural somas)
- (arithmetic) sum (quantity obtained by addition or aggregation)
- sum (quantity of money)
Etymology 2
Borrowed from New Latin, from Ancient Greek σῶμα (sôma, “body”).
Pronunciation
- Hyphenation: so‧ma
Noun
soma m (plural somas)
Etymology 3
Borrowed from Sanskrit सोम (sóma), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *sauma, from Proto-Indo-European *sew(h)-.
Pronunciation
- Hyphenation: so‧ma
Noun
soma m (plural somas)
Etymology 4
See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
Pronunciation
- Rhymes: -ɔmɐ
- Hyphenation: so‧ma
Verb
soma
- inflection of somar:
Romanian
Etymology
Verb
a soma (third-person singular present somează, past participle somat) 1st conj.
- to summon
Conjugation
infinitive | a soma | ||||||
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gerund | somând | ||||||
past participle | somat | ||||||
number | singular | plural | |||||
person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | |
indicative | eu | tu | el/ea | noi | voi | ei/ele | |
present | somez | somezi | somează | somăm | somați | somează | |
imperfect | somam | somai | soma | somam | somați | somau | |
simple perfect | somai | somași | somă | somarăm | somarăți | somară | |
pluperfect | somasem | somaseși | somase | somaserăm | somaserăți | somaseră | |
subjunctive | eu | tu | el/ea | noi | voi | ei/ele | |
present | să somez | să somezi | să someze | să somăm | să somați | să someze | |
imperative | — | tu | — | — | voi | — | |
affirmative | somează | somați | |||||
negative | nu soma | nu somați |
Rwanda-Rundi
Verb
-soma (infinitive gusoma, perfective -somye)
- to read
Serbo-Croatian
Noun
soma (Cyrillic spelling сома)
Spanish
Pronunciation
Etymology 1
Borrowed from Ancient Greek σῶμα (sôma, “body”).
Noun
soma m (plural somas)
Etymology 2
Noun
soma f (plural somas)
- a kind of thick flour
Further reading
- “soma”, in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014
Swahili
Etymology
Of Bantu origin.
Pronunciation
Verb
-soma (infinitive kusoma)
Conjugation
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Imperatives | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Some forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information. |
Derived terms
Swazi
Verb
-sóma
Inflection
This verb needs an inflection-table template.
Ternate
Pronunciation
Noun
soma
References
- Rika Hayami-Allen (2001) A descriptive study of the language of Ternate, the northern Moluccas, Indonesia, University of Pittsburgh
Turkish
Noun
soma
- Latvian etymologies from LEV
- English 2-syllable words
- English terms with IPA pronunciation
- English terms with audio links
- Rhymes:English/oʊmə
- Rhymes:English/oʊmə/2 syllables
- Rhymes:English/əʊmə
- Rhymes:English/əʊmə/2 syllables
- English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *tewh₂-
- English terms derived from New Latin
- English terms derived from Ancient Greek
- English lemmas
- English nouns
- English countable nouns
- English nouns with irregular plurals
- en:Anatomy
- en:Biology
- en:Cytology
- en:Philosophy
- English terms borrowed from Sanskrit
- English transliterations of Sanskrit terms
- English terms derived from Sanskrit
- English doublets
- English uncountable nouns
- en:Vedic religion
- English terms with quotations
- en:Science fiction
- en:Fictional materials
- Dutch lemmas
- Dutch nouns
- Dutch nouns with plural in -s
- Dutch slang
- Fijian lemmas
- Fijian adverbs
- Finnish terms inherited from Proto-Finnic
- Finnish terms derived from Proto-Finnic
- Finnish terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- Finnish 2-syllable words
- Finnish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Finnish/omɑ
- Rhymes:Finnish/omɑ/2 syllables
- Finnish lemmas
- Finnish adjectives
- Finnish koira-type nominals
- French terms with audio links
- French lemmas
- French nouns
- French countable nouns
- French masculine nouns
- fr:Cytology
- Galician terms inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese
- Galician terms derived from Old Galician-Portuguese
- Galician terms inherited from Latin
- Galician terms derived from Latin
- Galician terms with IPA pronunciation
- Galician lemmas
- Galician nouns
- Galician countable nouns
- Galician feminine nouns
- Italian 2-syllable words
- Italian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Italian/ɔma
- Rhymes:Italian/ɔma/2 syllables
- Italian terms inherited from Late Latin
- Italian terms derived from Late Latin
- Italian terms inherited from Latin
- Italian terms derived from Latin
- Italian terms derived from Ancient Greek
- Italian doublets
- Italian lemmas
- Italian nouns
- Italian countable nouns
- Italian feminine nouns
- Italian literary terms
- Italian terms borrowed from New Latin
- Italian terms derived from New Latin
- Italian nouns with irregular gender
- Italian masculine nouns
- it:Medicine
- Italian terms borrowed from Ancient Greek
- Italian transliterations of Ancient Greek terms
- it:Music
- Italian historical terms
- Italian terms borrowed from English
- Italian terms derived from English
- Italian terms derived from Sanskrit
- Italian terms derived from Proto-Indo-Aryan
- Italian terms derived from Proto-Indo-Iranian
- Italian indeclinable nouns
- Italian terms with uncertain meaning
- Italiot Greek terms inherited from Ancient Greek
- Italiot Greek terms derived from Ancient Greek
- Italiot Greek lemmas
- Italiot Greek nouns
- Italiot Greek neuter nouns
- Japanese non-lemma forms
- Japanese romanizations
- Latvian terms borrowed from Old East Slavic
- Latvian terms derived from Old East Slavic
- Latvian terms derived from Old High German
- Latvian terms derived from Ancient Greek
- Latvian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Latvian words with level intonation
- Latvian lemmas
- Latvian nouns
- Latvian feminine nouns
- Latvian terms with usage examples
- lv:Biology
- lv:Anatomy
- Latvian fourth declension nouns
- Latvian non-lemma forms
- Latvian noun forms
- lv:Bags
- Polish 2-syllable words
- Polish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Polish/ɔma
- Rhymes:Polish/ɔma/2 syllables
- Polish terms with homophones
- Polish terms borrowed from Ancient Greek
- Polish learned borrowings from Ancient Greek
- Polish terms derived from Ancient Greek
- Polish lemmas
- Polish nouns
- Polish feminine nouns
- pl:Anatomy
- Polish terms borrowed from Sanskrit
- Polish terms derived from Sanskrit
- pl:Vedic religion
- Polish singularia tantum
- Polish non-lemma forms
- Polish noun forms
- Portuguese terms inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese
- Portuguese terms derived from Old Galician-Portuguese
- Portuguese terms inherited from Latin
- Portuguese terms derived from Latin
- Portuguese 2-syllable words
- Portuguese terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Portuguese/ɔmɐ
- Rhymes:Portuguese/ɔmɐ/2 syllables
- Rhymes:Portuguese/omɐ
- Rhymes:Portuguese/omɐ/2 syllables
- Portuguese lemmas
- Portuguese nouns
- Portuguese countable nouns
- Portuguese feminine nouns
- pt:Arithmetic
- Portuguese terms borrowed from New Latin
- Portuguese terms derived from New Latin
- Portuguese terms derived from Ancient Greek
- Portuguese nouns with irregular gender
- Portuguese masculine nouns
- pt:Anatomy
- pt:Cytology
- Portuguese terms borrowed from Sanskrit
- Portuguese terms derived from Sanskrit
- Portuguese terms derived from Proto-Indo-Iranian
- Portuguese terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- pt:Religion
- Portuguese non-lemma forms
- Portuguese verb forms
- Romanian terms borrowed from French
- Romanian terms derived from French
- Romanian lemmas
- Romanian verbs
- Romanian verbs in 1st conjugation
- Rwanda-Rundi lemmas
- Rwanda-Rundi verbs
- Serbo-Croatian non-lemma forms
- Serbo-Croatian noun forms
- Spanish 2-syllable words
- Spanish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Spanish/oma
- Rhymes:Spanish/oma/2 syllables
- Spanish terms borrowed from Ancient Greek
- Spanish terms derived from Ancient Greek
- Spanish lemmas
- Spanish nouns
- Spanish countable nouns
- Spanish nouns with irregular gender
- Spanish masculine nouns
- es:Biology
- Spanish terms inherited from Latin
- Spanish terms derived from Latin
- Spanish feminine nouns
- Swahili terms derived from Bantu languages
- Swahili terms with audio links
- Swahili lemmas
- Swahili verbs
- Swazi lemmas
- Swazi verbs
- Ternate terms with IPA pronunciation
- Ternate lemmas
- Ternate nouns
- Turkish non-lemma forms
- Turkish noun forms