indul
Hungarian
[edit]Etymology
[edit]The stem is likely from Proto-Uralic *jome- (“to go, to set off”)[1] + -dul (verb-forming suffix).[2]
Pronunciation
[edit]Verb
[edit]indul
- (intransitive) to set off, set out, head somewhere (begin a trip)
- (intransitive) to start (in the passive sense)
Conjugation
[edit]conjugation of indul
Click for archaic forms | 1st person sg | 2nd person sg informal |
3rd person sg, 2nd p. sg formal |
1st person pl | 2nd person pl informal |
3rd person pl, 2nd p. pl formal | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Indicative mood |
Present | Indef. | indulok | indulsz | indul | indulunk | indultok | indulnak | |
Def. | intransitive verb, definite forms are not used | ||||||||
2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
Past | Indef. | indultam | indultál | indult | indultunk | indultatok | indultak | ||
Def. | ― | ||||||||
2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
Future | Future is expressed with a present-tense verb with a completion-marking prefix and/or a time adverb, or—more explicitly—with the infinitive plus the conjugated auxiliary verb fog, e.g. indulni fog. | ||||||||
Archaic Preterit |
Indef. | indulék | indulál | indula | indulánk | indulátok | indulának | ||
Def. | ― | ||||||||
2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
Archaic Past | Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala (volt), e.g. indul vala, indult vala/volt. | ||||||||
Archaic Future |
Indef. | indulandok | indulandasz | induland | indulandunk | indulandotok | indulandanak | ||
Def. | ― | ||||||||
2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
Conditional mood |
Present | Indef. | indulnék | indulnál | indulna | indulnánk | indulnátok | indulnának | |
Def. | ― | ||||||||
2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
Past | Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. indult volna | ||||||||
Subjunctive mood |
Present | Indef. | induljak | indulj or induljál |
induljon | induljunk | induljatok | induljanak | |
Def. | ― | ||||||||
2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
(Archaic) Past | Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. indult légyen | ||||||||
Infinitive | indulni | indulnom | indulnod | indulnia | indulnunk | indulnotok | indulniuk | ||
Other forms |
Verbal noun | Present part. | Past part. | Future part. | Adverbial participle | Causative | |||
indulás | induló | indult | ― | indulva (indulván) | indít | ||||
potential conjugation of indul
Click for archaic forms | 1st person sg | 2nd person sg informal |
3rd person sg, 2nd p. sg formal |
1st person pl | 2nd person pl informal |
3rd person pl, 2nd p. pl formal | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Indicative mood |
Present | Indef. | indulhatok | indulhatsz | indulhat | indulhatunk | indulhattok | indulhatnak | |
Def. | intransitive verb, definite forms are not used | ||||||||
2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
Past | Indef. | indulhattam | indulhattál | indulhatott | indulhattunk | indulhattatok | indulhattak | ||
Def. | ― | ||||||||
2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
Archaic Preterit |
Indef. | indulhaték | indulhatál | indulhata | indulhatánk | indulhatátok | indulhatának | ||
Def. | ― | ||||||||
2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
Archaic Past | Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala, e.g. indulhat vala, indulhatott vala/volt. | ||||||||
Archaic Future |
Indef. | indulhatandok or indulandhatok |
indulhatandasz or indulandhatsz |
indulhatand or indulandhat |
indulhatandunk or indulandhatunk |
indulhatandotok or indulandhattok |
indulhatandanak or indulandhatnak | ||
Def. | ― | ||||||||
2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
Conditional mood |
Present | Indef. | indulhatnék | indulhatnál | indulhatna | indulhatnánk | indulhatnátok | indulhatnának | |
Def. | ― | ||||||||
2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
Past | Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. indulhatott volna | ||||||||
Subjunctive mood |
Present | Indef. | indulhassak | indulhass or indulhassál |
indulhasson | indulhassunk | indulhassatok | indulhassanak | |
Def. | ― | ||||||||
2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
(Archaic) Past | Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. indulhatott légyen | ||||||||
Inf. | (indulhatni) | (indulhatnom) | (indulhatnod) | (indulhatnia) | (indulhatnunk) | (indulhatnotok) | (indulhatniuk) | ||
Positive adjective | ― | Neg. adj. | ― | Adv. part. | (indulhatva / indulhatván) | ||||
Derived terms
[edit](With verbal prefixes):
Expressions
Related terms
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ Entry #188 in Uralonet, online Uralic etymological database of the Hungarian Research Centre for Linguistics.
- ^ indul in Zaicz, Gábor (ed.). Etimológiai szótár: Magyar szavak és toldalékok eredete (‘Dictionary of Etymology: The origin of Hungarian words and affixes’). Budapest: Tinta Könyvkiadó, 2006, →ISBN. (See also its 2nd edition.)
Further reading
[edit]- indul in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (“The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language”, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN
Categories:
- Hungarian terms inherited from Proto-Uralic
- Hungarian terms derived from Proto-Uralic
- Hungarian verbs suffixed with -dul
- Hungarian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Hungarian terms with audio pronunciation
- Rhymes:Hungarian/ul
- Rhymes:Hungarian/ul/2 syllables
- Hungarian lemmas
- Hungarian verbs
- Hungarian intransitive verbs