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galva

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See also: gálva and galvā

Latvian

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 galva on Latvian Wikipedia

Etymology

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From Proto-Balto-Slavic *galˀwā́ˀ.[1]

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): [ɡɑ̂ɫva]
  • Audio:(file)

Noun

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galva f (4th declension)

  1. head (top or front of the body, where the brain is located)
    cilvēka, suņa, čūskas galvaa human, dog's, snake's head
    galvas muskuļihead muscles
    pagriezt galvuto turn one's head
    pamāt ar galvuto nod one's head
    saņemt galvu rokāsto take one's head in one's hands
    purināt, kratīt galvuto shake one's head
    galva sāpthe head hurts
    galvas tableteshead(ache) tablets, pills
  2. hair, feathers (on the head)
    sirma galvagray hair
    mazgāt galvuto wash one's hair
    sukāt, ķemmēt galvuto brush, to comb one's hair
    galva balta kā ābelehair as white as an apple tree
  3. on, or around, the head (1)
    likt cepuri galvāto put a hat on one's head
    siet lakatu galvāto tie a scarf around one's head
  4. life
    riskēt ar savu galvuto gamble with one's head (= life)
  5. mind, intelligence, understanding, memory
    gaiša, gudra galvabright, smart head
    cilvēks ar galvua person with head (= wise, intelligent)
    zināt no galvasto know (something) from the head (= by heart)
    rēķināt galvāto calculate in one's head
    paturēt skaidru galvuto keep a clear head (= remain calm)
  6. top (especially round) part of an object
    naglas, skrūves galvathe head of a nail, a screw
    āmura, cirvja galvathe head of a hammer, an axe
  7. authoritative person, boss, leader
    valdības galvathe head of the government
    ģimenes galvathe head of the family
  8. a person or animal as a counting unit
    septiņu galvu liela ģimenea family with seven heads (= members)

Declension

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Derived terms

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References

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  1. ^ Karulis, Konstantīns (1992) “galva”, in Latviešu Etimoloģijas Vārdnīca[1] (in Latvian), Rīga: AVOTS, →ISBN

Lithuanian

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 galva on Lithuanian Wikipedia

Etymology

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From Proto-Balto-Slavic *galˀwā́ˀ.

Pronunciation

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  • (nominative singular) IPA(key): [ɡɐɫ̪ˈvɐ]
  • (instrumental/vocative singular)
This entry needs pronunciation information. If you are familiar with the IPA then please add some!

Noun

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galvà f (plural galvos) stress pattern 3

  1. (anatomy) head (top part of the body)
  2. (figuratively) mind (intelligence, memory)
    Synonyms: prõtas (mind), aumuõ (mind), intelèktas (intellect), smẽgenys (brain)
    turì galvojè?What do you mean? (literally, “What do you have in mind?”)
    Kokià pirmà mintìs ateĩna į̃ gálvą?What is the first thought that comes to mind?
    Jìs tùri labaĩ gẽrą gálvą.He has a very good mind [memory, intelligence].
    Tókias mintìs reĩkia mèsti ìš galvõs.Such thoughts need to be put out of one's mind.
    • 1939, Antanas Maceina, Pedagogikos istorija[2], Kaunas: Žaibo bendrovė:
      Visa mokiniai turėjo mokytis iš galvos, nes vadovėlių anuo metu romėnai dar neturėjo.
      The pupils had to learn everything by heart [literally head], as textbooks were not yet available to the Romans at that time.
  3. leader (person in charge, with authority)
    Synonyms: vãdas, vadõvas, lýderis, vir̃šininkas, vyresnỹsis
    šeimõs galvàthe head of the family

Declension

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Derived terms

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References

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