風
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Translingual
Stroke order | |||
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Han character
風 (Kangxi radical 182, 風+0, 9 strokes, cangjie input 竹弓竹中戈 (HNHLI) or 竹弓一中戈 (HNMLI), four-corner 77210, composition ⿵𠘨䖝)
Derived characters
- Appendix:Chinese radical/風
- 偑, 𭂖, 𠷕, 堸, 㜄, 𡺤, 𢞁, 𢱚, 渢, 猦, 𨺢, 𣈼, 楓(枫), 煈, 𤧑, 碸, 𦂱, 䑺, 𧍯, 𣽝, 諷(讽), 𨐦, 𩹥, 𬷣, 𪋖, 𪕴
- 𩖰, 嵐(岚), 葻, 𬕜, 檒, 𩄏, 瘋(疯), 闏, 𣄖, 𬬣
Descendants
References
- Kangxi Dictionary: page 1411, character 1
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 43756
- Dae Jaweon: page 1930, character 20
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 7, page 4480, character 1
- Unihan data for U+98A8
Chinese
trad. | 風 | |
---|---|---|
simp. | 风 | |
alternative forms |
Glyph origin
Historical forms of the character 風 | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Shang | Western Zhou | Warring States | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) | ||
Oracle bone script | Bronze inscriptions | Chu slip and silk script | Qin slip script | Ancient script | Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲/形声, OC *plum, *plums) : phonetic 凡 (OC *bom) + semantic 虫 (“insects”). Ancient Chinese people thought that insects appear with wind. (Insects refer to any kind of animal, such as tigers (大蟲)).
In the oracle bone script, the character 鳳 (OC *bums, “male fenghuang”) was phonetically borrowed to represent 風 (OC *plum, *plums). The right part of the bronze inscription of the character consists of phonetic 凡 (OC *bom) at the top, and three parts depicting the fur on the tail of the male fenghuang at the bottom. Subsequent forms of 風 are based on the right part of its bronze inscription, with two of the three threads of "fur" removed for simplification. The 虫 in the Chu script and Qin script of 風 was likely a result of further simplification of the "fur". Shuowen misinterpreted the character 風 by associating it with insects. (Li, 2012)
Etymology
Possibly from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *buŋ (“wind”) (STEDT). Velar nasal final -ŋ, restored later in Middle Chinese (Schuessler, 2007), is preserved in cognates like Proto-Central Naga *m-puŋ, Jingpho mabung, nbung, Drung nvmbeung.
Pronunciations 1, 2, and 3 are all cognates; with both 2 and 3 evolving from *prəm-s, exoactive (with causative suffix -s) of *prəm (Schuessler, 2007). It is unclear how Old Chinese *prəm is related to Tibetan རླུང (rlung) and Proto-Tai *C̬.lɯmᴬ.
Korean 바람 (baram) may have been borrowed from Chinese (Zhao, 2007). The Chinese word has a wide range of extended meanings, and interestingly many of these have exact parallels in the Korean item. Compare Chinese 風流 and 風騷 with Korean 바람둥이 (baramdung'i).
Cognate with:
- 飛廉 (OC *pɯl ɡ·rem, “wind god”)
- 蜚蠊 (OC *pɯlʔ/bɯls ɡ·rem, “cockroach”) (note the preservation of the -r- infix in Old Chinese through disyllabification, also 嵐 (OC *b·ruːm), 葻 (OC *b·uːm))
- 瘋 (OC *plum, “mad, insane”)
- 諷 (OC *plums, “to mock, to advise”)
- 帆 (OC *bom, *boms, “sail”)
The development from Old Chinese to Middle Chinese was irregular, driven by dissimilation of the initial and coda bilabial consonants.
Pronunciation 1
- Mandarin
- (Standard)
- (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): fong1
- (Dungan, Cyrillic and Wiktionary): фын (fɨn, I)
- Cantonese
- Gan (Wiktionary): fung1
- Hakka
- Jin (Wiktionary): feng1
- Northern Min (KCR): hó̤ng
- Eastern Min (BUC): hŭng
- Southern Min
- Wu (Northern, Wugniu): 1fon
- Xiang
- (Changsha, Wiktionary): hong1
- (Loudi, Wiktionary): heng1
- (Hengyang, Wiktionary): heng1
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄈㄥ
- Tongyong Pinyin: fong
- Wade–Giles: fêng1
- Yale: fēng
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: feng
- Palladius: фэн (fɛn)
- Sinological IPA (key): /fɤŋ⁵⁵/
- (Standard Chinese, erhua-ed) (風兒/风儿)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄈㄥㄦ
- Tongyong Pinyin: fongr
- Wade–Giles: fêng1-ʼrh
- Yale: fēngr
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: fengl
- Palladius: фэнр (fɛnr)
- Sinological IPA (key): /fɤ̃ɻ⁵⁵/
- (Chengdu)
- Sichuanese Pinyin: fong1
- Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: fung
- Sinological IPA (key): /foŋ⁵⁵/
- (Dungan)
- Cyrillic and Wiktionary: фын (fɨn, I)
- Sinological IPA (key): /fəŋ²⁴/
- (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: fung1
- Yale: fūng
- Cantonese Pinyin: fung1
- Guangdong Romanization: fung1
- Sinological IPA (key): /fʊŋ⁵⁵/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
- Wiktionary: fuung1
- Sinological IPA (key): /fɵŋ³³/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Gan
- (Nanchang)
- Wiktionary: fung1
- Sinological IPA (key): /fuŋ⁴²/
- (Nanchang)
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: fûng
- Hakka Romanization System: fungˊ
- Hagfa Pinyim: fung1
- Sinological IPA: /fuŋ²⁴/
- (Meixian)
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Jin
- (Taiyuan)+
- Wiktionary: feng1
- Sinological IPA (old-style): /fə̃ŋ¹¹/
- (Taiyuan)+
- Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
- Kienning Colloquial Romanized: hó̤ng
- Sinological IPA (key): /xɔŋ⁵⁴/
- (Jian'ou)
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: hŭng
- Sinological IPA (key): /huŋ⁵⁵/
- (Fuzhou)
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, Jinjiang, Nan'an, Hui'an, Yongchun, Zhangpu, Changtai, Longyan, General Taiwanese, Magong, Singapore, Penang, Klang)
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Jinjiang, Nan'an, Hui'an, Yongchun, Kinmen, Philippines, Klang)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hoang
- Tâi-lô: huang
- Phofsit Daibuun: hoafng
- IPA (Yongchun, Kinmen): /huaŋ⁴⁴/
- IPA (Quanzhou, Jinjiang, Nan'an, Hui'an, Philippines, Klang): /huaŋ³³/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: png
- Tâi-lô: png
- Phofsit Daibuun: pngf
- IPA (Xiamen): /pŋ̍⁴⁴/
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: puiⁿ
- Tâi-lô: puinn
- Phofsit Daibuun: pvuy
- IPA (Zhangzhou): /puĩ⁴⁴/
- (Teochew)
- Peng'im: huang1 / hong1
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: huang / hong
- Sinological IPA (key): /huaŋ³³/, /hoŋ³³/
- huang1 - vernacular;
- hong1 - literary.
- huang1 - vernacular;
- hong1 - literary.
- Dialectal data
- Middle Chinese: pjuwng
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*prəm/
- (Zhengzhang): /*plum/
Definitions
風
- wind (Classifier: 陣/阵 m; 股 m)
- 風雨/风雨 ― fēngyǔ ― wind and rain; hardships
- 狂風/狂风 ― kuángfēng ― gale
- 外面風很大/外面风很大 ― wàimiàn fēng hěn dà ― It's very windy outside.
- 蘀兮蘀兮,風其吹女。叔兮伯兮,倡予和女。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
- From: The Classic of Poetry, c. 11th – 7th centuries BCE, translated based on James Legge's version
- Tuò xī tuò xī, fēng qí chuī nǚ. Shū xī bó xī, chàng yǔ hé nǚ. [Pinyin]
- Ye withered leaves! Ye withered leaves! How the wind is blowing you away! O ye uncles, Give us the first note, and we will join in with you.
萚兮萚兮,风其吹女。叔兮伯兮,倡予和女。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]
- to air-dry
- (in compounds) air-dried
- general mood; custom
- 天子省風以作樂,器以鐘之,輿以行之。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
- From: Commentary of Zuo, c. 4th century BCE, translated based on James Legge's version
- Tiānzǐ xǐnɡfēng yǐ zuòyuè, qì yǐ zhōng zhī, yú yǐ xíng zhī. [Pinyin]
- The son of Heaven examines the manners [of the people], to guide him in making his music. In his instruments he collects the notes, and by those notes the music goes forth.
天子省风以作乐,器以钟之,舆以行之。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]
- demeanour
- cultivation; moralisation
- 王曰:「嗚呼!說,四海之內,咸仰朕德,時乃風。股肱惟人,良臣惟聖。」 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
- From: Forged Old Text of the Book of Documents, circa 3rd – 4th century CE
- Wáng yuē: “Wūhū! Shuō, sìhǎi zhī nèi, xián yǎng zhèn dé, shí nǎi fēng. Gǔgōng wéi rén, liáng chén wéi shèng.” [Pinyin]
- The king said, "Oh! Yue, that all within the four seas look up to my virtue is owing to you. As his legs and arms form the man, so does a good minister form the sage (king)."
王曰:「呜呼!说,四海之内,咸仰朕德,时乃风。股肱惟人,良臣惟圣。」 [Classical Chinese, simp.]
- style; manner
- (in compounds) scene; scenery
- news; information
- love; affection; to become sexually attracted; to copulate
- 風月/风月 ― fēngyuè ― romance
- 風情/风情 ― fēngqíng ― amorous feelings
- 風馬牛不相及/风马牛不相及 ― fēng mǎ niú bù xiàngjí ― irrelevant
- 馬牛其風,臣妾逋逃,勿敢越逐,祗復之,我商賚汝。乃越逐不復,汝則有常刑!無敢寇攘,逾垣牆,竊馬牛,誘臣妾,汝則有常刑! [Classical Chinese, trad.]
- From: The Book of Documents, circa 7th – 4th centuries BCE
- Mǎ niú qí fēng, chénqiè būtáo, wù gǎn yuè zhú, zhī fù zhī, wǒ shāng lài rǔ. Nǎi yuè zhú bù fù, rǔ zé yǒu chángxíng! Wúgǎn kòurǎng, yú yuánqiáng, qiè mǎ niú, yòu chénqiè, rǔ zé yǒu chángxíng! [Pinyin]
- When the horses or cattle are seeking one another, or when your followers, male or female, abscond, presume not to leave the ranks to pursue them. But let them be carefully returned. I will reward you (among the people) who return them according to their value. But if you leave your places to pursue them, or if you who find them do not restore them, you shall be dealt with according to the regular punishments. And let none of you presume to commit any robbery or detain any creature that comes in your way, to jump over enclosures and walls to steal (people's) horses or oxen, or to decoy away their servants or female attendants. If you do so, you shall be dealt with according to the regular punishments.
马牛其风,臣妾逋逃,勿敢越逐,祗复之,我商赉汝。乃越逐不复,汝则有常刑!无敢寇攘,逾垣墙,窃马牛,诱臣妾,汝则有常刑! [Classical Chinese, simp.]
- dissolute; promiscuous
- ungrounded; baseless
- one of the three sections of Shijing, consisting of ballads
- (in general) folk song; ballad
- (obsolete) Alternative form of 瘋/疯 (fēng, “mad; insane”)
- 樵子聞言,仰天大笑道:「你原來是個風和尚。」行者道:「我不風啊,這是老實話。」 [Written Vernacular Chinese, trad.]
- From: Wu Cheng'en, Journey to the West, 16th century CE
- Qiáozǐ wén yán, yǎngtiān dàxiào dào: “Nǐ yuánlái shì ge fēng héshàng.” Xíngzhě dào: “Wǒ bù fēng a, zhè shì lǎoshí huà.” [Pinyin]
- (please add an English translation of this usage example)
樵子闻言,仰天大笑道:「你原来是个风和尚。」行者道:「我不风啊,这是老实话。」 [Written Vernacular Chinese, simp.]
- (traditional Chinese medicine) one of the "Six Excesses" (六淫) that cause diseases in traditional Chinese medicine
- (traditional Chinese medicine) a type of diseases that are typically acute
- (Cantonese) rumour
- (Cantonese) Short for 颱風/台风 (“typhoon”). (Classifier: 個/个 c; 隻/只 c)
- (Hokkien) minty
- (Philippine Hokkien) spicy
- (Magong Hokkien) fuel gas; gas
- a surname. Feng; Fung
Synonyms
- (spicy):
- (typhoon):
- (fuel gas): 瓦斯 (wǎsī)
Compounds
- 一帆風順/一帆风顺 (yīfānfēngshùn)
- 下風/下风 (xiàfēng)
- 上風/上风 (shàngfēng)
- 世風/世风 (shìfēng)
- 中風/中风 (zhòngfēng)
- 作風/作风 (zuòfēng)
- 信風/信风 (xìnfēng)
- 傷風/伤风 (shāngfēng)
- 光風/光风
- 兜風/兜风 (dōufēng)
- 八風/八风 (bāfēng)
- 冒風/冒风
- 冬風/冬风
- 冷風/冷风 (lěngfēng)
- 凌風
- 凱風/凯风 (kǎifēng)
- 刁風/刁风
- 刮風/刮风 (guāfēng)
- 剛風/刚风
- 勁風/劲风
- 北風/北风 (běifēng)
- 匪風/匪风
- 協風/协风
- 南風/南风 (nánfēng)
- 厲風/厉风 (lìfēng)
- 反風/反风 (fǎnfēng)
- 口風/口风 (kǒufēng)
- 可風/可风
- 古風/古风 (gǔfēng)
- 向風/向风
- 吹風/吹风 (chuīfēng)
- 和風/和风 (héfēng)
- 商風/商风 (shāngfēng)
- 喉風/喉风
- 喝風/喝风
- 囂風/嚣风
- 回風/回风
- 國風/国风 (guófēng)
- 團風/团风 (Tuánfēng)
- 土風/土风
- 培風/培风
- 大風/大风 (dàfēng)
- 失風/失风
- 妖風/妖风 (yāofēng)
- 威風/威风 (wēifēng)
- 季風/季风 (jìfēng)
- 學風/学风 (xuéfēng)
- 宗風/宗风
- 家風/家风 (jiāfēng)
- 寒風/寒风 (hánfēng)
- 屏風/屏风 (píngfēng)
- 山風/山风 (shānfēng)
- 希風/希风
- 常風/常风 (chángfēng)
- 幼風/幼风
- 徐風/徐风
- 御風/御风
- 從風/从风
- 微風/微风 (wēifēng)
- 德風/德风
- 心風/心风
- 恆風/恒风
- 惠風/惠风 (huìfēng)
- 悲風/悲风
- 惡風/恶风
- 成風/成风 (chéngfēng)
- 手風/手风
- 扶風/扶风 (fúfēng)
- 把風/把风 (bǎfēng)
- 拉風/拉风 (lāfēng)
- 招風/招风 (zhāofēng)
- 披風/披风 (pīfēng)
- 接風/接风 (jiēfēng)
- 揚風/扬风
- 搏風/搏风
- 搐風/搐风
- 搖風/摇风
- 搧風/搧风 (shānfēng)
- 搬風/搬风
- 搶風/抢风 (qiāngfēng)
- 摶風/抟风
- 撇風/撇风
- 撮風/撮风
- 擋風/挡风 (dǎngfēng)
- 放風/放风 (fàngfēng)
- 政風/政风 (zhèngfēng)
- 整風/整风 (zhěngfēng)
- 文風/文风 (wénfēng)
- 旋風/旋风 (xuànfēng)
- 春風/春风 (chūnfēng)
- 星風/星风 (xīngfēng)
- 晚風/晚风 (wǎnfēng)
- 晨風/晨风 (chénfēng)
- 景風/景风
- 暄風/暄风
- 暖風/暖风
- 暴風/暴风 (bàofēng)
- 曉風/晓风
- 朔風/朔风 (shuòfēng)
- 望風/望风 (wàngfēng)
- 松風/松风
- 東風/东风 (dōngfēng)
- 校風/校风 (xiàofēng)
- 條風/条风
- 梅風/梅风
- 樹大招風/树大招风 (shùdàzhāofēng)
- 歐風/欧风
- 正風/正风 (zhèngfēng)
- 歪風/歪风 (wāifēng)
- 民風/民风 (mínfēng)
- 油風/油风
- 泠風/泠风
- 流風/流风
- 海風/海风 (hǎifēng)
- 淳風/淳风
- 涼風/凉风 (liángfēng)
- 清風/清风 (qīngfēng)
- 淫風/淫风 (yínfēng)
- 淒風/凄风
- 湯風/汤风
- 漲風/涨风
- 漏風/漏风 (lòufēng)
- 瀑風/瀑风
- 烈風/烈风 (lièfēng)
- 焚風/焚风 (fénfēng)
- 熏風 (xūnfēng)
- 熛風/熛风
- 爭風/争风
- 牌風/牌风
- 牙風/牙风
- 狂風/狂风 (kuángfēng)
- 狂風暴雨/狂风暴雨 (kuángfēngbàoyǔ)
- 狂風驟雨/狂风骤雨 (kuángfēngzhòuyǔ)
- 玄風/玄风
- 男風/男风 (nánfēng)
- 畫風/画风 (huàfēng)
- 疾風/疾风 (jífēng)
- 痛風/痛风 (tòngfēng)
- 瘢風/瘢风
- 發風/发风
- 盪風/荡风
- 盲風/盲风 (mángfēng)
- 省風/省风
- 相風/相风
- 看風/看风
- 眇風/眇风
- 知風/知风
- 祛風/祛风
- 秋風/秋风 (qiūfēng)
- 穀風/谷风 (gǔfēng)
- 窩風/窝风
- 素風/素风
- 終風/终风 (zhōngfēng)
- 結風/结风
- 綑風/捆风
- 緒風/绪风
- 罡風/罡风 (gāngfēng)
- 義風/义风
- 翾風/翾风
- 聞風/闻风
- 肝風/肝风
- 胡風/胡风
- 腥風/腥风
- 膨風/膨风
- 臍風/脐风
- 臨風/临风
- 臺風/台风 (táifēng)
- 興風/兴风
- 芳風/芳风
- 英風/英风
- 著風/著风
- 薰風/薰风 (xūnfēng)
- 蘋風/𬞟风
- 衝風/冲风
- 西風/西风 (xīfēng)
- 見風/见风
- 觀風/观风
- 詩風/诗风 (shīfēng)
- 話風/话风 (huàfēng)
- 變風/变风
- 谷風/谷风 (gǔfēng)
- 豳風/豳风
- 賭風/赌风
- 贔風/赑风
- 走風/走风 (zǒufēng)
- 起風/起风 (qǐfēng)
- 跳風/跳风
- 輕風/轻风 (qīngfēng)
- 轉風/转风
- 巡風/巡风 (xúnfēng)
- 迅風/迅风
- 迎風/迎风 (yíngfēng)
- 逆風/逆风 (nìfēng)
- 迴風/回风
- 透風/透风 (tòufēng)
- 通風/通风 (tōngfēng)
- 通風報信/通风报信 (tōngfēngbàoxìn)
- 過風/过风
- 遮風擋雨/遮风挡雨 (zhēfēngdǎngyǔ)
- 遺風/遗风 (yífēng)
- 選風/选风
- 邶風/邶风
- 鄉風/乡风
- 采風 (cǎifēng)
- 金風/金风 (jīnfēng)
- 長風/长风 (chángfēng)
- 門風/门风 (ménfēng)
- 閃風/闪风
- 開風/开风
- 閬風/阆风
- 閶風/阊风 (chāngfēng)
- 闌風/阑风 (lánfēng)
- 關風/关风
- 防風/防风 (fángfēng)
- 防風林/防风林 (fángfēnglín)
- 陣風/阵风
- 陰風/阴风 (yīnfēng)
- 陸風/陆风 (lùfēng)
- 雄風/雄风 (xióngfēng)
- 雌風/雌风
- 露風/露风 (lòufēng)
- 頂風/顶风 (dǐngfēng)
- 順風/顺风 (shùnfēng)
- 頭風/头风
- 頹風/颓风
- 顛風/颠风
- 風不吹,樹不搖/风不吹,树不摇
- 風不怕,雨不怕/风不怕,雨不怕
- 風乾/风干 (fēnggān)
- 風人/风人
- 風什/风什
- 風伯/风伯
- 風信/风信
- 風俗/风俗 (fēngsú)
- 風候/风候
- 風傳/风传 (fēngchuán)
- 風儀/风仪
- 風光/风光
- 風兒/风儿
- 風刀霜劍/风刀霜剑
- 風剪/风剪
- 風力/风力 (fēnglì)
- 風動/风动
- 風勢/风势 (fēngshì)
- 風化/风化 (fēnghuà)
- 風厲/风厉
- 風口/风口 (fēngkǒu)
- 風向/风向 (fēngxiàng)
- 風后
- 風吹日曬/风吹日晒
- 風吹草動/风吹草动 (fēngchuīcǎodòng)
- 風吹雨打/风吹雨打 (fēngchuīyǔdǎ)
- 風味/风味 (fēngwèi)
- 風和日麗/风和日丽 (fēnghérìlì)
- 風圈/风圈 (fēngquān)
- 風團/风团 (fēngtuán)
- 風土/风土 (fēngtǔ)
- 風塵/风尘 (fēngchén)
- 風塵僕僕/风尘仆仆
- 風壓/风压
- 風姓/风姓
- 風姨/风姨
- 風姿/风姿 (fēngzī)
- 風子/风子
- 風字頭/风字头 (fēngzìtóu)
- 風害/风害 (fēnghài)
- 風家/风家
- 風寒/风寒 (fēnghán)
- 風尚/风尚 (fēngshàng)
- 風帆/风帆 (fēngfān)
- 風師/风师
- 風帽/风帽 (fēngmào)
- 風平浪靜/风平浪静 (fēngpínglàngjìng)
- 風度/风度 (fēngdù)
- 風從/风从
- 風快/风快
- 風息/风息
- 風情/风情 (fēngqíng)
- 風態/风态
- 風憲/风宪
- 風戽/风戽
- 風扇/风扇 (fēngshàn)
- 風措/风措
- 風捲殘雲/风卷残云
- 風擋/风挡 (fēngdǎng)
- 風操/风操
- 風教/风教
- 風斗
- 風日/风日
- 風景/风景 (fēngjǐng)
- 風景區/风景区 (fēngjǐngqū)
- 風景畫/风景画
- 風暴/风暴 (fēngbào)
- 風暴潮/风暴潮 (fēngbàocháo)
- 風月/风月 (fēngyuè)
- 風望/风望
- 風格/风格 (fēnggé)
- 風概/风概
- 風標/风标 (fēngbiāo)
- 風機/风机
- 風欠/风欠
- 風氣/风气 (fēngqì)
- 風水/风水
- 風汛/风汛
- 風沙/风沙 (fēngshā)
- 風波/风波
- 風洞/风洞
- 風流/风流 (fēngliú)
- 風浪/风浪 (fēnglàng)
- 風浴/风浴
- 風清/风清 (fēngqīng)
- 風涼/风凉 (fēngliáng)
- 風涼話/风凉话 (fēngliánghuà)
- 風源/风源
- 風潮/风潮 (fēngcháo)
- 風潑/风泼
- 風濤/风涛
- 風火/风火 (fēnghuǒ)
- 風火牆/风火墙
- 風災/风灾 (fēngzāi)
- 風烈/风烈
- 風煙/风烟
- 風熱/风热
- 風燈/风灯 (fēngdēng)
- 風燭/风烛 (fēngzhú)
- 風爐/风炉
- 風物/风物 (fēngwù)
- 風牽/风牵
- 風狂雨驟/风狂雨骤 (fēngkuángyǔzhòu)
- 風猷/风猷
- 風球/风球 (fēngqiú)
- 風琴/风琴 (fēngqín)
- 風生水起/风生水起 (fēngshēngshuǐqǐ)
- 風病/风病
- 風疾/风疾
- 風疹/风疹 (fēngzhěn)
- 風痴/风痴 (fēngchī)
- 風痺/风痹
- 風療/风疗
- 風癱/风瘫 (fēngtān)
- 風發/风发 (fēngfā)
- 風省/风省
- 風眼/风眼 (fēngyǎn)
- 風磨/风磨
- 風神/风神 (fēngshén)
- 風穴/风穴 (fēngxué)
- 風笛/风笛 (fēngdí)
- 風節/风节
- 風箏/风筝
- 風箱/风箱 (fēngxiāng)
- 風範/风范 (fēngfàn)
- 風篷/风篷 (fēngpéng)
- 風簷/风檐
- 風紀/风纪 (fēngjì)
- 風級/风级
- 風羊/风羊
- 風義/风义
- 風習/风习 (fēngxí)
- 風耗/风耗
- 風聞/风闻 (fēngwén)
- 風聲/风声 (fēngshēng)
- 風肉/风肉 (fēngròu)
- 風能/风能 (fēngnéng)
- 風致/风致
- 風色/风色
- 風花雪月/风花雪月 (fēnghuāxuěyuè)
- 風草/风草
- 風華/风华 (fēnghuá)
- 風藥/风药
- 風虔/风虔
- 風蝕/风蚀 (fēngshí)
- 風蝶/风蝶
- 風行/风行 (fēngxíng)
- 風衣/风衣 (fēngyī)
- 風角/风角 (fēngjiǎo)
- 風言/风言
- 風評/风评 (fēngpíng)
- 風話/风话
- 風語/风语
- 風調/风调
- 風謠/风谣
- 風貌/风貌 (fēngmào)
- 風起/风起
- 風趣/风趣 (fēngqù)
- 風路/风路
- 風車/风车 (fēngchē)
- 風速/风速 (fēngsù)
- 風邁/风迈
- 風邪/风邪 (fēngxié)
- 風采 (fēngcǎi)
- 風量/风量
- 風鈴/风铃 (fēnglíng)
- 風鏟/风铲
- 風鏡/风镜 (fēngjìng)
- 風鐸/风铎
- 風鑒/风鉴
- 風門/风门 (fēngmén)
- 風阻/风阻
- 風障/风障
- 風險/风险 (fēngxiǎn)
- 風雅/风雅 (fēngyǎ)
- 風雞/风鸡
- 風雨/风雨 (fēngyǔ)
- 風雨同舟/风雨同舟 (fēngyǔtóngzhōu)
- 風雨如晦/风雨如晦 (fēngyǔrúhuì)
- 風雨如磐/风雨如磐
- 風雨飄搖/风雨飘摇 (fēngyǔpiāoyáo)
- 風雪/风雪 (fēngxuě)
- 風雲/风云 (fēngyún)
- 風雹/风雹
- 風雷/风雷 (fēngléi)
- 風霆/风霆
- 風霜/风霜 (fēngshuāng)
- 風霾/风霾
- 風靜/风静
- 風靡/风靡 (fēngmǐ)
- 風韻/风韵 (fēngyùn)
- 風響/风响
- 風領/风领
- 風頭/风头
- 風風火火/风风火火 (fēngfēnghuǒhuǒ)
- 風風雨雨/风风雨雨 (fēngfēngyǔyǔ)
- 風颱/风台
- 風飄/风飘
- 風餐露宿/风餐露宿 (fēngcānlùsù)
- 風馳/风驰
- 風馳電掣/风驰电掣 (fēngchídiànchè)
- 風騷/风骚 (fēngsāo)
- 風驅/风驱
- 風骨/风骨 (fēnggǔ)
- 風高/风高
- 風魔/风魔
- 風鳥/风鸟 (fēngniǎo)
- 風鶴/风鹤
- 風鼓/风鼓
- 颱風/台风 (táifēng)
- 颳風/刮风 (guāfēng)
- 颶風/飓风 (jùfēng)
- 飄風/飘风
- 飂風/𮨵风
- 飆風/飙风 (biāofēng)
- 飛風/飞风
- 餘風/余风
- 驅風/驱风
- 驚風/惊风 (jīngfēng)
- 高風/高风 (gāofēng)
- 鬥風/斗风
- 麗風/丽风 (lìfēng)
- 黃風/黄风
- 鼓風/鼓风
Descendants
Others:
- →? Old Korean: (via Old Chinese) (Zhao, 2007)
Pronunciation 2
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄈㄥˋ
- Tongyong Pinyin: fòng
- Wade–Giles: fêng4
- Yale: fèng
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: fenq
- Palladius: фэн (fɛn)
- Sinological IPA (key): /fɤŋ⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: fung3
- Yale: fung
- Cantonese Pinyin: fung3
- Guangdong Romanization: fung3
- Sinological IPA (key): /fʊŋ³³/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Middle Chinese: pjuwngH
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*prəm-s/
- (Zhengzhang): /*plums/
Definitions
風
Compounds
Pronunciation 3
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄈㄥˇ
- Tongyong Pinyin: fǒng
- Wade–Giles: fêng3
- Yale: fěng
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: feeng
- Palladius: фэн (fɛn)
- Sinological IPA (key): /fɤŋ²¹⁴/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄈㄥˋ
- Tongyong Pinyin: fòng
- Wade–Giles: fêng4
- Yale: fèng
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: fenq
- Palladius: фэн (fɛn)
- Sinological IPA (key): /fɤŋ⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: fung3
- Yale: fung
- Cantonese Pinyin: fung3
- Guangdong Romanization: fung3
- Sinological IPA (key): /fʊŋ³³/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Middle Chinese: pjuwngH
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*prəm-s/
- (Zhengzhang): /*plums/
Definitions
風
- † Alternative form of 諷/讽 (fěng, “to criticize; to mock; to ridicule; to satire”)
- † Alternative form of 諷/讽 (fěng, “to advise in mild tone and indirect manner”)
Compounds
References
- “風”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
- Dictionary of Chinese Character Variants (教育部異體字字典), A04572
Japanese
Kanji
- wind
- custom, influence
- transmission
- satire
- gossip
- Alternative spelling of 諷 (fū): recite
- appearance, form, style
- taste, charm
- poetry, folk song
- illness, sickness
- drooping
Readings
- Go-on: ふ (fu, Jōyō †)、ふう (fū, Jōyō)
- Kan-on: ほう (hō)
- Kun: かぜ (kaze, 風, Jōyō)、かざ (kaza, 風, Jōyō †)、ち (chi, 風)、て (te, 風)、すがた (sugata, 風)、ならわし (narawashi, 風)、ふり (furi, 風)
- Nanori: か (ka)
Compounds
Etymology 1
Kanji in this term |
---|
風 |
かぜ Grade: 2 |
kun'yomi |
From Old Japanese, from Proto-Japonic *kansai. For the vowel alternation, see WT:AJPX#Standalone forms and combining forms.
Pronunciation
Noun
Derived terms
Etymology 2
Kanji in this term |
---|
風 |
て Grade: 2 |
kun'yomi |
Shift from Old Japanese 風 (ti), modern chi, found in some compounds.[1]
Affix
- element in compounds related to wind
Derived terms
Etymology 3
Kanji in this term |
---|
風 |
ふう Grade: 2 |
on'yomi |
/puː/ → /fuː/
From Middle Chinese 風 (MC pjuwng).
In Old Japanese, this kanji was used to transcribe the 借音 (shakuon) kana of ⟨pu⟩ and ⟨bu⟩ in the Nihon Shoki (720 CE).
Pronunciation
Affix
- element in compounds related to wind
Derived terms
- 風力 (fūryoku)
- 風棘 (fūkyoku)
- 風馬牛 (fūbagyū)
- 風圧 (fūatsu)
- 風雲 (fūun)
- 風化 (fūka)
- 風害 (fūgai)
- 風紀 (fūki)
- 風景 (fūkei)
- 風月 (fūgetsu)
- 風車 (fūsha)
- 風邪 (fūja)
- 風習 (fūshū)
- 風信子 (fūshinshi)
- 風塵 (fūjin)
- 風雪 (fūsetsu)
- 風船 (fūsen)
- 風俗 (fūzoku)
- 風袋 (fūtai)
- 風潮 (fūsen)
- 風体 (fūtei), 風体 (fūtai)
- 風土 (fūdo)
- 風物 (fūbutsu)
- 風味 (fūmi)
- 風流 (fūryū)
- 風林火山 (fūrinkazan)
- 風呂 (fūro)
- 秋風 (shūfū)
- 神風 (shinpū)
- 西風 (seifū)
- 南風 (nanpū)
- 東風 (tōfū)
- 北風 (hokufū)
Noun
- a style
Etymology 4
Kanji in this term |
---|
風 |
ふり Grade: 2 |
irregular |
For pronunciation and definitions of 風 – see the following entry. | ||||
| ||||
(This term, 風, is an alternative spelling of the above term.) |
References
Korean
Etymology
From Middle Chinese 風 (MC pjuwng).
- Recorded as Middle Korean 보ᇰ (Yale: pwong) in Dongguk Jeongun (東國正韻 / 동국정운), 1448.
- Recorded as Middle Korean 푸ᇰ (phwung) (Yale: phwung) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.
Pronunciation
- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [pʰuŋ]
- Phonetic hangul: [풍]
Hanja
Compounds
References
- 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전/電子字典. [2]
Vietnamese
Han character
風: Hán Nôm readings: phong, phông
Compounds
- CJK Unified Ideographs block
- Han script characters
- Kangxi Radicals block
- Han character radicals
- Translingual lemmas
- Translingual symbols
- Han phono-semantic compounds
- Chinese terms inherited from Proto-Sino-Tibetan
- Chinese terms derived from Proto-Sino-Tibetan
- Mandarin terms with audio pronunciation
- Cantonese terms with audio pronunciation
- Chinese lemmas
- Mandarin lemmas
- Sichuanese lemmas
- Dungan lemmas
- Cantonese lemmas
- Taishanese lemmas
- Gan lemmas
- Hakka lemmas
- Jin lemmas
- Northern Min lemmas
- Eastern Min lemmas
- Hokkien lemmas
- Teochew lemmas
- Leizhou Min lemmas
- Wu lemmas
- Xiang lemmas
- Middle Chinese lemmas
- Old Chinese lemmas
- Chinese hanzi
- Mandarin hanzi
- Sichuanese hanzi
- Dungan hanzi
- Cantonese hanzi
- Taishanese hanzi
- Gan hanzi
- Hakka hanzi
- Jin hanzi
- Northern Min hanzi
- Eastern Min hanzi
- Hokkien hanzi
- Teochew hanzi
- Leizhou Min hanzi
- Wu hanzi
- Xiang hanzi
- Middle Chinese hanzi
- Old Chinese hanzi
- Chinese nouns
- Mandarin nouns
- Sichuanese nouns
- Dungan nouns
- Cantonese nouns
- Taishanese nouns
- Gan nouns
- Hakka nouns
- Jin nouns
- Northern Min nouns
- Eastern Min nouns
- Hokkien nouns
- Teochew nouns
- Leizhou Min nouns
- Wu nouns
- Xiang nouns
- Middle Chinese nouns
- Old Chinese nouns
- Chinese proper nouns
- Mandarin proper nouns
- Sichuanese proper nouns
- Dungan proper nouns
- Cantonese proper nouns
- Taishanese proper nouns
- Gan proper nouns
- Hakka proper nouns
- Jin proper nouns
- Northern Min proper nouns
- Eastern Min proper nouns
- Hokkien proper nouns
- Teochew proper nouns
- Leizhou Min proper nouns
- Wu proper nouns
- Xiang proper nouns
- Middle Chinese proper nouns
- Old Chinese proper nouns
- Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation
- Chinese terms spelled with 風
- Chinese nouns classified by 陣/阵
- Chinese nouns classified by 股
- Mandarin terms with usage examples
- Literary Chinese terms with quotations
- Chinese terms with obsolete senses
- Mandarin terms with quotations
- zh:Traditional Chinese medicine
- Cantonese Chinese
- Chinese short forms
- Chinese nouns classified by 個/个
- Chinese nouns classified by 隻/只
- Hokkien Chinese
- Philippine Hokkien
- Magong Hokkien
- Chinese surnames
- Chinese verbs
- Mandarin verbs
- Cantonese verbs
- Middle Chinese verbs
- Old Chinese verbs
- Mandarin terms with multiple pronunciations
- Beginning Mandarin
- zh:Weather
- Japanese kanji
- Japanese second grade kanji
- Japanese kyōiku kanji
- Japanese jōyō kanji
- Japanese kanji with goon reading ふ
- Japanese kanji with goon reading ふう
- Japanese kanji with kan'on reading ほう
- Japanese kanji with kun reading かぜ
- Japanese kanji with kun reading かざ
- Japanese kanji with kun reading ち
- Japanese kanji with kun reading て
- Japanese kanji with kun reading すがた
- Japanese kanji with kun reading ならわし
- Japanese kanji with kun reading ふり
- Japanese kanji with nanori reading か
- Japanese terms spelled with 風 read as かぜ
- Japanese terms read with kun'yomi
- Japanese terms inherited from Old Japanese
- Japanese terms derived from Old Japanese
- Japanese terms inherited from Proto-Japonic
- Japanese terms derived from Proto-Japonic
- Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation
- Japanese lemmas
- Japanese nouns
- Japanese terms with multiple readings
- Japanese terms spelled with second grade kanji
- Japanese terms with 1 kanji
- Japanese terms spelled with 風
- Japanese single-kanji terms
- Japanese terms with usage examples
- Japanese terms spelled with 風 read as て
- Japanese affixes
- Japanese terms spelled with 風 read as ふう
- Japanese terms read with on'yomi
- Japanese terms derived from Middle Chinese
- Japanese terms read with irregular kanji readings
- Japanese counters
- Japanese suffixes
- Korean terms derived from Middle Chinese
- Middle Korean hanja
- Korean lemmas
- Korean hanja
- Korean hanja forms
- Vietnamese lemmas
- Vietnamese Han characters
- Vietnamese Chữ Hán
- Vietnamese given names
- Vietnamese male given names
- CJKV radicals