Template:Citation

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This template contains one or more optional parameters: see the talk page for details. This template employs some extremely complicated and esoteric features of template syntax. Please do not attempt to alter it unless you are certain that you understand the setup and are prepared to repair any consequent collateral damage if the results are unexpected. Any experiments should be conducted in the template sandbox or your user space.

The Citation template is a versatile template for citing books, periodicals, contributions in collective works, patents, and web-sites. Its goal is to be an all-purpose citation template. It also has functionality to aid the use of the Harvard referencing style. The template allows author-date ("Harvard") citations in the main body of text to link to a full citation (generated by this template) in a "References" section at the end of the article via the Template:Harvard citation template. This template creates an HTML anchor to which the Harvard citation and related templates can link.

The template knows whether you are citing a book, periodical, or a chapter in a compilation, depending on which combination of parameters you use. For use with author-date systems such as the Harvard citation template, use of last and date parameters should be considered mandatory, where possible.

Citing books

Parameters (all are optional)

{{Citation | last = | first = | author-link = | last2 = | first2 = | author2-link = | date = | title = | place = | publisher = | edition = | volume = | id = | isbn = | url = }}

last (or last1): The author's surname or last name. first (or first1): The author's first or given name(s). author-link (or author1-link): Title of an existing Wikipedia article about the first author. last2, last3, last4: The second, third, and fourth authors' surname or last name, if applicable. first2, first3, first4: The second, third, and fourth authors' first or given name(s), if applicable. author2-link, author3-link, author4-link: Title of an existing Wikipedia article about the second, third, and fourth author, if applicable. date: Date of authorship or publication. year: Year of authorship or publication. (Mandatory for use with links from Template:Harvard citation. In some situations, the template may be able to derive a year from the full date.) title: Title of the book. edition: Number or name of the edition, if not the first; for example: edition=2nd. volume: The volume number of a multi-volume book. place: The city of publication. If more than one town/city is listed on the title page, give the first one or the location of the publisher's head office. If the city is not well-known, you may add a county, region, or state. States in the U.S. are denoted by a two-letter code; for example: Place=Paris, TX (no period at the end). Where the publisher is a university and the place or location is included in the name of the university, do not use this parameter. publisher: The name of the publisher. Omit terms such as Publishers, Co., Inc., Ltd., etc., but retain the words Books or Press. id: Identifier such as ISBN 1-111-22222-9 isbn: Use this parameter if the book has an ISBN. url: An url of an online location where the book can be found.

Examples

One author	{{ Citation | last=Turner | first=O. | title=History of the Pioneer Settlement of Phelps and Gorham's Purchase, and Morris' Reserve | publisher=William Alling | place=Rochester, New York | year=1851 | url = http://olivercowdery.com/ texts/1851Trn1.htm#turn1851 }}.	Turner, O. (1851), History of the Pioneer Settlement of Phelps and Gorham's Purchase, and Morris' Reserve, Rochester, New York: William Alling.
Three authors, a volume, and an edition	{{ Citation | last1=Lincoln | first1=A. | last2=Washington | first2=G. | last3=Adams | first3=J. | title=All the Presidents' Names | publisher=The Pentagon | place=Home Base, New York | volume=XII | edition=2nd | year=2007 }}.	Lincoln, A.; Washington, G.; Adams, J. (2007), All the Presidents' Names, vol. XII (2nd ed.), Home Base, New York: The Pentagon.

Citing journals, newspapers, magazines, or other periodicals

Parameters

{{Citation | last= | first= | author-link= | year= | title= | periodical= | volume= | issue= | pages= | url= }}.

last (or last1): The author's surname or last name. first (or first1): The author's first or given name(s). author-link (or author1-link): Title of an existing Wikipedia article about the first author. last2, last3, last4: The second, third, and fourth authors' surname or last name, if applicable. first2, first3, first4: The second, third, and fourth authors' first or given name(s), if applicable. author2-link, author3-link, author4-link: Title of an existing Wikipedia article about the second, third, and fourth author, if applicable. date: Date of authorship or publication. year: Year of authorship or publication. (Mandatory for use with links from Template:Harvard citation. In some situations, the template may be able to derive a year from the full date.) title: Title of the book. periodical (or journal, newspaper, magazine): Name of the periodical. volume: The volume number of the journal. issue (or number): The issue number of the journal. pages (optional): The pages in the issue where the article may be found. url: An url of an online location where the article can be found.

Examples

Journal article	{{Citation | last=Hill | first=Marvin S. | title=Joseph Smith and the 1826 Trial: New Evidence and New Difficulties | journal=BYU Studies | volume=12 | issue=2 | year=1976 | pages=1–8 | url=https://byustudies.byu.edu/ shop/PDFSRC/12.2Hill.pdf }}.	Hill, Marvin S. (1976), "Joseph Smith and the 1826 Trial: New Evidence and New Difficulties" (PDF), BYU Studies, 12 (2): 1–8.
Newspaper article	{{Citation | last=Smith | first=Joseph III | author-link=Joseph Smith III | title=Last Testimony of Sister Emma | newspaper=The Saints' Herald | volume=26 | issue=19 | date=October 1, 1879 | month=October | page=289 | url=http://www.sidneyrigdon.com/ dbroadhu/IL/sain1872.htm#100179 }}.	Smith, Joseph III (October 1, 1879), "Last Testimony of Sister Emma", The Saints' Herald, vol. 26, no. 19, p. 289 {{citation}}: Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help).

Citing edited books, or parts of edited books, including encyclopedias and encyclopedia articles

Parameters

{{Citation | last= | first= | author-link= | last2= | first2= | author2-link | date= | contribution= | contribution-url= | editor-last= | editor-first= | editor-link= | editor2-last= | editor2-first= | editor2-link= | title= | edition= | place= | publisher= | publication-date= | volume= | pages= | id= | url= }}.

last (or last1): The first author's surname or last name. first (or first1): The first author's first or given name(s). author-link (or author1-link): Title of an existing Wikipedia article about the first author. last2, last3, last4: The second, third, and fourth authors' surname or last name, if applicable. first2, first3, first4: The second, third, and fourth authors' first or given name(s), if applicable. author2-link, author3-link, author4-link: Title of an existing Wikipedia article about the second, third, and fourth author, if applicable. date: Date of authorship or publication. year: Year of authorship or publication. (Mandatory for use with links from Template:Harvard citation. In some situations, the template may be able to derive a year from the full date.) contribution (or chapter): Title of the contribution or chapter. contribution-url (or chapter-url): URL of the contribution or chapter. editor-last (or editor1-last): The first editor's surname or last name. editor-first (or editor2-first): The first editor's first or given name(s). editor-link (or editor1-link): Title of an existing Wikipedia article about the first editor. editor2-last, editor3-last, editor4-last: The second, third, and fourth editor' surname or last name, if applicable. editor2-first, editor3-first, editor4-first: The second, third, and fourth editors' first or given name(s), if applicable. editor2-link, editor3-link, editor4-link: Title of an existing Wikipedia article about the second, third, and fourth editor, if applicable. title: Title of the book or compilation. edition: Number or name of the edition, if not the first; for example: edition=2nd. volume: The volume number of a multi-volume book or compilation. place: The city of publication. If more than one town/city is listed on the title page, give the first one or the location of the publisher's head office. If the city is not well-known, you may add a county, region, or state. States in the U.S. are denoted by a two-letter code; for example: Place=Paris, TX (no period at the end). Where the publisher is a university and the place or location is included in the name of the university, do not use this parameter. publisher: The name of the publisher. Omit terms such as Publishers, Co., Inc., Ltd., etc., but retain the words Books or Press. id: Identifier such as ISBN 1-111-22222-9 isbn: Use this parameter if the book or compilation has an ISBN. url: An url of an online location where the book or compilationcan be found.

Examples

Manuscript published in an edited compilation	{{Citation | last=Bidamon | first=Emma Smith | author-link=Emma Hale Smith | chapter=Letter to Emma S. Pilgrim | date=27 March 1876 | editor-surname=Vogel | editor-first=Dan | title=Early Mormon Documents | volume=1 | publisher=Signature Books | publication-date=1996 | isbn=1-56085-072-8 }}.	Bidamon, Emma Smith (27 March 1876), "Letter to Emma S. Pilgrim", in Vogel, Dan (ed.), Early Mormon Documents, vol. 1, Signature Books (published 1996), ISBN 1-56085-072-8.
Work with an editor but no author	{{Citation | editor-surname=Vogel | editor-first=Dan | title=Early Mormon Documents | volume=1 | publisher=Signature Books | publication-date=1996 | isbn=1-56085-072-8 }}.	Vogel, Dan, ed. (1996), Early Mormon Documents, vol. 1, Signature Books, ISBN 1-56085-072-8.
Encyclopedia article by a named author	{{Citation | last = Kramer | first = Martin | author-link = Martin Kramer | contribution = Bernard Lewis | editor-last = Boyd | editor-first = Kelley | title = Encyclopedia of Historians and Historical Writing | volume = 1 | pages = 719–720 | publisher = Fitzroy Dearborn | place = London | publication-date = 1999 | contribution-url = http:// www.geocities.com/martinkramerorg/ BernardLewis.htm }}.	Kramer, Martin (1999), "Bernard Lewis", in Boyd, Kelley (ed.), Encyclopedia of Historians and Historical Writing, vol. 1, London: Fitzroy Dearborn, pp. 719–720.
Encyclopedia article with no named author	{{Citation | contribution = Bernard Lewis | editor-last = Boyd | editor-first = Kelley | title = Encyclopedia of Historians and Historical Writing | volume = 1 | pages = 719–720 | publisher = Fitzroy Dearborn | place = London | year = 1999 | contribution-url = http:// www.geocities.com/martinkramerorg/ BernardLewis.htm }}.	Boyd, Kelley, ed. (1999), "Bernard Lewis", Encyclopedia of Historians and Historical Writing, vol. 1, London: Fitzroy Dearborn, pp. 719–720.

Citing contributions, republications, or edited quotations in a periodical article

Parameters

{{Citation | last= | first= | author-link= | last2= | first2= | author2-link | date= | contribution= | contribution-url= | editor-last= | editor-first= | editor-link= | editor2-last= | editor2-first= | editor2-link= | title= | periodical= | volume= | issue= | pages= | id= | url= }}.

last (or last1): The first author's surname or last name. first (or first1): The first author's first or given name(s). author-link (or author1-link): Title of an existing Wikipedia article about the first author. last2, last3, last4: The second, third, and fourth authors' surname or last name, if applicable. first2, first3, first4: The second, third, and fourth authors' first or given name(s), if applicable. author2-link, author3-link, author4-link: Title of an existing Wikipedia article about the second, third, and fourth author, if applicable. date: Date of authorship or publication. year: Year of authorship or publication. (Mandatory for use with links from Template:Harvard citation. In some situations, the template may be able to derive a year from the full date.) contribution (or chapter): Title of the contribution or chapter. contribution-url (or chapter-url): URL of the contribution or chapter. editor-last (or editor1-last): The first editor's surname or last name. editor-first (or editor2-first): The first editor's first or given name(s). editor-link (or editor1-link): Title of an existing Wikipedia article about the first editor. editor2-last, editor3-last, editor4-last: The second, third, and fourth editor' surname or last name, if applicable. editor2-first, editor3-first, editor4-first: The second, third, and fourth editors' first or given name(s), if applicable. editor2-link, editor3-link, editor4-link: Title of an existing Wikipedia article about the second, third, and fourth editor, if applicable. title: Title of the book or compilation. periodical (or journal, newspaper, magazine): Name of the periodical. volume: The volume number of the journal. issue (or number): The issue number of the journal. pages (optional): The pages in the issue where the article may be found. id: Identifier such as ISBN 1-111-22222-9 url: An url of an online location where the book or compilationcan be found.

Examples

Manuscript edited and published in a journal

{{Citation | last=Knight | first=Joseph, Sr. | year=1833 | editor-last=Jessee | editor-first=Dean | title=Joseph Knight's Recollection of Early Mormon History | journal=BYU Studies | volume=17 | issue=1 | publication-date=1976 | page=35 | url=https://byustudies.byu.edu/ shop/PDFSRC/17.1Jessee.pdf }}.

Knight, Joseph, Sr. (1833), Jessee, Dean (ed.), "Joseph Knight's Recollection of Early Mormon History" (PDF), BYU Studies (published 1976), 17 (1): 35{{citation}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link).

TemplateData

This is the TemplateData for this template used by TemplateWizard, VisualEditor and other tools.

TemplateData for Citation

The Citation template generates a citation for a book, periodical, contribution in a collective work, patent, or a web page. It determines the citation type by examining which parameters are used.

Template parameters[Edit template data]

Parameter		Description	Type	Status
1	1	no description	String	optional
2	2	no description	String	optional
3	3	no description	String	optional
author surname	last	surname of the author of the cited material	String	optional
author given name	first	given name (first name) of the author of the cited material	String	optional
title of source	title	Title of source; displays in italics.	String	required
date of source	date	Full date of source being referenced in the same format as other publication dates in the citations.[1] Do not wikilink. Displays after the authors and enclosed in parentheses. If there is no author, then displays after publisher.	String	optional
url of source	url	URL of an online location where the text of the publication can be found.	String	optional
inventor-surname	inventor-surname	no description	String	optional
inventor1-surname	inventor1-surname	no description	String	optional
inventor-last	inventor-last	no description	String	optional
inventor1-last	inventor1-last	no description	String	optional
inventor	inventor	no description	String	optional
invent1	invent1	no description	String	optional
invent-1	invent-1	no description	String	optional
country-code	country-code	no description	String	optional
inventor2-surname	inventor2-surname	no description	String	optional
inventor2-last	inventor2-last	no description	String	optional
inventor2	inventor2	no description	String	optional
invent2	invent2	no description	String	optional
inventor3-surname	inventor3-surname	no description	String	optional
inventor3-last	inventor3-last	no description	String	optional
inventor3	inventor3	no description	String	optional
invent3	invent3	no description	String	optional
inventor4-surname	inventor4-surname	no description	String	optional
inventor4-last	inventor4-last	no description	String	optional
inventor4	inventor4	no description	String	optional
invent4	invent4	no description	String	optional
inventor-given	inventor-given	no description	String	optional
inventor1-given	inventor1-given	no description	String	optional
inventor-first	inventor-first	no description	String	optional
inventor1-first	inventor1-first	no description	String	optional
inventor2-given	inventor2-given	no description	String	optional
inventor2-first	inventor2-first	no description	String	optional
inventor3-given	inventor3-given	no description	String	optional
inventor3-first	inventor3-first	no description	String	optional
inventor4-given	inventor4-given	no description	String	optional
inventor4-first	inventor4-first	no description	String	optional
inventorlink1	inventorlink1	no description	String	optional
inventorlink	inventorlink	no description	String	optional
inventorlink2	inventorlink2	no description	String	optional
inventorlink3	inventorlink3	no description	String	optional
inventorlink4	inventorlink4	no description	String	optional
country	country	no description	String	optional
publication-number	publication-number	no description	String	optional
patent-number	patent-number	no description	String	optional
number	number	no description	String	optional
description	description	no description	String	optional
status	status	no description	String	optional
publication-date	publication-date	no description	String	optional
pubdate	pubdate	no description	String	optional
issue-date	issue-date	no description	String	optional
gdate	gdate	no description	String	optional
year	year	no description	String	optional
fdate	fdate	no description	String	optional
pridate	pridate	no description	String	optional
assign1	assign1	no description	String	optional
assign2	assign2	no description	String	optional
ref	ref	no description	String	optional
separator	separator	no description	String	optional
quote	quote	no description	String	optional
postscript	postscript	no description	String	optional
author-separator	author-separator	no description	String	optional
author-mask	author-mask	no description	String	optional
authormask	authormask	no description	String	optional
surname	surname	no description	String	optional
last1	last1	no description	String	optional
surname1	surname1	no description	String	optional
author1	author1	no description	String	optional
author	author	no description	String	optional
authors	authors	no description	String	optional
last2	last2	no description	String	optional
surname2	surname2	no description	String	optional
author2	author2	no description	String	optional
last3	last3	no description	String	optional
surname3	surname3	no description	String	optional
author3	author3	no description	String	optional
last4	last4	no description	String	optional
surname4	surname4	no description	String	optional
author4	author4	no description	String	optional
last5	last5	no description	String	optional
surname5	surname5	no description	String	optional
author5	author5	no description	String	optional
last6	last6	no description	String	optional
surname6	surname6	no description	String	optional
author6	author6	no description	String	optional
last7	last7	no description	String	optional
surname7	surname7	no description	String	optional
author7	author7	no description	String	optional
last8	last8	no description	String	optional
surname8	surname8	no description	String	optional
author8	author8	no description	String	optional
last9	last9	no description	String	optional
surname9	surname9	no description	String	optional
author9	author9	no description	String	optional
first1	first1	no description	String	optional
given1	given1	no description	String	optional
given	given	no description	String	optional
first2	first2	no description	String	optional
given2	given2	no description	String	optional
first3	first3	no description	String	optional
given3	given3	no description	String	optional
first4	first4	no description	String	optional
given4	given4	no description	String	optional
first5	first5	no description	String	optional
given5	given5	no description	String	optional
first6	first6	no description	String	optional
given6	given6	no description	String	optional
first7	first7	no description	String	optional
given7	given7	no description	String	optional
first8	first8	no description	String	optional
given8	given8	no description	String	optional
first9	first9	no description	String	optional
given9	given9	no description	String	optional
author-link	author-link	no description	String	optional
author1-link	author1-link	no description	String	optional
authorlink	authorlink	no description	String	optional
authorlink1	authorlink1	no description	String	optional
author2-link	author2-link	no description	String	optional
authorlink2	authorlink2	no description	String	optional
author3-link	author3-link	no description	String	optional
authorlink3	authorlink3	no description	String	optional
author4-link	author4-link	no description	String	optional
authorlink4	authorlink4	no description	String	optional
author5-link	author5-link	no description	String	optional
authorlink5	authorlink5	no description	String	optional
author6-link	author6-link	no description	String	optional
authorlink6	authorlink6	no description	String	optional
author7-link	author7-link	no description	String	optional
authorlink7	authorlink7	no description	String	optional
author8-link	author8-link	no description	String	optional
authorlink8	authorlink8	no description	String	optional
author9-link	author9-link	no description	String	optional
authorlink9	authorlink9	no description	String	optional
coauthor	coauthor	no description	String	optional
coauthors	coauthors	no description	String	optional
origyear	origyear	no description	String	optional
month	month	no description	String	optional
trans_chapter	trans_chapter	no description	String	optional
trans_title	trans_title	no description	String	optional
type	type	no description	String	optional
archiveurl	archiveurl	no description	String	optional
deadurl	deadurl	no description	String	optional
series	series	no description	String	optional
version	version	no description	String	optional
journal	journal	no description	String	optional
periodical	periodical	no description	String	optional
newspaper	newspaper	no description	String	optional
magazine	magazine	no description	String	optional
work	work	no description	String	optional
volume	volume	no description	String	optional
issue	issue	no description	String	optional
pages	pages	no description	String	optional
page	page	no description	String	optional
at	at	no description	String	optional
nopp	nopp	no description	String	optional
chapter	chapter	no description	String	optional
contribution	contribution	no description	String	optional
chapter-url	chapter-url	no description	String	optional
chapterurl	chapterurl	no description	String	optional
contribution-url	contribution-url	no description	String	optional
chapter-format	chapter-format	no description	String	optional
others	others	no description	String	optional
edition	edition	no description	String	optional
place	place	no description	String	optional
location	location	no description	String	optional
publication-place	publication-place	no description	String	optional
publisher	publisher	no description	String	optional
editor-last	editor-last	no description	String	optional
editor-surname	editor-surname	no description	String	optional
editor1-last	editor1-last	no description	String	optional
editor1-surname	editor1-surname	no description	String	optional
editor1	editor1	no description	String	optional
editor	editor	no description	String	optional
editors	editors	no description	String	optional
editor2-last	editor2-last	no description	String	optional
editor2-surname	editor2-surname	no description	String	optional
editor2	editor2	no description	String	optional
editor3-last	editor3-last	no description	String	optional
editor3-surname	editor3-surname	no description	String	optional
editor3	editor3	no description	String	optional
editor4-last	editor4-last	no description	String	optional
editor4-surname	editor4-surname	no description	String	optional
editor4	editor4	no description	String	optional
editor-first	editor-first	no description	String	optional
editor-given	editor-given	no description	String	optional
editor1-first	editor1-first	no description	String	optional
editor1-given	editor1-given	no description	String	optional
editor2-first	editor2-first	no description	String	optional
editor2-given	editor2-given	no description	String	optional
editor3-first	editor3-first	no description	String	optional
editor3-given	editor3-given	no description	String	optional
editor4-first	editor4-first	no description	String	optional
editor4-given	editor4-given	no description	String	optional
editor-link	editor-link	no description	String	optional
editor1-link	editor1-link	no description	String	optional
editor2-link	editor2-link	no description	String	optional
editor3-link	editor3-link	no description	String	optional
editor4-link	editor4-link	no description	String	optional
language	language	no description	String	optional
in	in	no description	String	optional
format	format	no description	String	optional
arxiv	arxiv	no description	String	optional
asin	asin	no description	String	optional
ASIN	ASIN	no description	String	optional
asin-tld	asin-tld	no description	String	optional
bibcode	bibcode	no description	String	optional
doi	doi	no description	String	optional
DOI	DOI	no description	String	optional
doi_inactivedate	doi_inactivedate	no description	String	optional
doi_brokendate	doi_brokendate	no description	String	optional
isbn	isbn	no description	String	optional
ISBN	ISBN	no description	String	optional
issn	issn	no description	String	optional
ISSN	ISSN	no description	String	optional
jfm	jfm	no description	String	optional
JFM	JFM	no description	String	optional
jstor	jstor	no description	String	optional
JSTOR	JSTOR	no description	String	optional
lccn	lccn	no description	String	optional
LCCN	LCCN	no description	String	optional
mr	mr	no description	String	optional
MR	MR	no description	String	optional
oclc	oclc	no description	String	optional
OCLC	OCLC	no description	String	optional
ol	ol	no description	String	optional
OL	OL	no description	String	optional
osti	osti	no description	String	optional
OSTI	OSTI	no description	String	optional
pmc	pmc	no description	String	optional
PMC	PMC	no description	String	optional
pmid	pmid	no description	String	optional
PMID	PMID	no description	String	optional
rfc	rfc	no description	String	optional
RFC	RFC	no description	String	optional
ssrn	ssrn	no description	String	optional
SSRN	SSRN	no description	String	optional
zbl	zbl	no description	String	optional
id	id	no description	String	optional
ID	ID	no description	String	optional
access-date	access-date	no description	String	optional
accessdate	accessdate	no description	String	optional
laysummary	laysummary	no description	String	optional
laysource	laysource	no description	String	optional
laydate	laydate	no description	String	optional
author-name-separator	author-name-separator	no description	String	optional
lastauthoramp	lastauthoramp	no description	String	optional
display-authors	display-authors	no description	String	optional
archivedate	archivedate	no description	String	optional
translator-first	translator-first	no description	Unknown	optional
translator-last	translator-last	no description	Unknown	optional
translator2-first	translator2-first	no description	Unknown	optional
translator2-last	translator2-last	no description	Unknown	optional

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