最
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Translingual
[edit]Stroke order | |||
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Han character
[edit]最 (Kangxi radical 73, 曰+8, 12 strokes, cangjie input 日尸十水 (ASJE), four-corner 60147, composition ⿱⺜取 (CJKVHT))
Derived characters
[edit]- 嘬, 撮, 樶, 㵊, 熶, 穝, 繓(𦈛), 襊, 䴝(𱊼), 蕞
- 𡡔, 𢄸, 𢢇, 𣋁, 𣩡, 𤩛, 𥊴, 𥕸, 𬓙, 𥪳, 𦦣, 𨅎, 𨣅, 𨼥, 𪒙, 𪙦, 𣠏, 𪱕, 𪧨, 𥳣, 𩯉, 𭕁, 𭞮
References
[edit]- Kangxi Dictionary: page 503, character 5
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 14301
- Dae Jaweon: page 877, character 4
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1516, character 8
- Unihan data for U+6700
Chinese
[edit]trad. | 最 | |
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simp. # | 最 | |
alternative forms | 冣 㝡 𥦡 𣤜 |
Glyph origin
[edit]Historical forms of the character 最 | ||
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Shang | Warring States | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) |
Oracle bone script | Qin slip script | Small seal script |
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Old Chinese | |
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陬 | *ʔsloː, *ʔsru, *ʔslo |
棷 | *ʔsloː, *sʰloːʔ, *sloːʔ, *ʔsru |
掫 | *ʔsloː, *ʔsruʔ, *ʔslo |
緅 | *ʔsloː, *ʔsru, *slos |
趣 | *sʰloːʔ, *sʰlos |
取 | *sʰloːʔ, *sʰloʔ |
鯫 | *zloː, *zloːʔ, *sʰlo |
棸 | *rlu, *rluʔ, *ʔsru |
鄹 | *ʔsru, *zloʔ, *ljoːnʔ |
郰 | *ʔsru |
齱 | *ʔsru, *sʰroːɡ |
菆 | *ʔsru, *sʰros, *zloːn |
箃 | *ʔsru |
黀 | *ʔsru |
驟 | *zrus |
最 | *zloːds |
襊 | *sʰoːds, *sʰoːd |
蕞 | *zoːds |
嘬 | *sʰroːds |
諏 | *ʔslo |
娵 | *ʔslo |
娶 | *sʰloʔ, *sʰlos, *slo |
聚 | *zloʔ, *zlos |
埾 | *zlos |
藂 | *zloːŋ |
叢 | *zloːŋ |
繓 | *ʔsoːd |
撮 | *ʔsoːd, *sʰoːd |
Originally 㝡, phono-semantic compound (形聲/形声, OC *zloːds) : semantic 宀 (“roof”) + phonetic 取 (OC *sʰloːʔ, *sʰloʔ) – "to gather". Later 二 was added as distinguishing marks to disambiguate the character for the meaning "the most". The top components have corrupted into 冃 in the modern form.
Pronunciation
[edit]- Mandarin
- (Standard)
- (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): zui4
- Cantonese
- Gan (Wiktionary): zui4
- Hakka
- Jin (Wiktionary): zui3
- Northern Min (KCR): cuòi
- Eastern Min (BUC): có̤i
- Southern Min
- Wu (Northern, Wugniu): 1tsoe / 5tsoe / 5tsei / 5tse / 5tshuei / 1tsei
- Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): zei4
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄗㄨㄟˋ
- Tongyong Pinyin: zuèi
- Wade–Giles: tsui4
- Yale: dzwèi
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tzuey
- Palladius: цзуй (czuj)
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡su̯eɪ̯⁵¹/
- (Chengdu)
- Sichuanese Pinyin: zui4
- Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: zui
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡suei²¹³/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: zeoi3
- Yale: jeui
- Cantonese Pinyin: dzoey3
- Guangdong Romanization: zêu3
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sɵy̯³³/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
- Wiktionary: dui1
- Sinological IPA (key): /tui³³/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Gan
- (Nanchang)
- Wiktionary: zui4
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sui³⁵/
- (Nanchang)
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chui
- Hakka Romanization System: zui
- Hagfa Pinyim: zui4
- Sinological IPA: /t͡su̯i⁵⁵/
- (Meixian)
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Jin
- (Taiyuan)+
- Wiktionary: zui3
- Sinological IPA (old-style): /t͡suei⁴⁵/
- (Taiyuan)+
- Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
- Kienning Colloquial Romanized: cuòi
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡suɛ⁴²/
- (Jian'ou)
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: có̤i
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sɔy²¹³/
- (Fuzhou)
- Southern Min
- Wu
- (Northern: Shanghai)
- Wugniu: 1tsoe
- MiniDict: tsoe平
- Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): 1tsoe
- Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /t͡sø⁵³/
- (Northern: Shanghai)
- Wugniu: 5tsoe
- MiniDict: tsoe去
- Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): 2tsoe
- Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /t͡sø³⁴/
- (Northern: Chongming)
- (Northern: Suzhou)
- (Northern: Hangzhou)
- (Northern: Ningbo)
- (Northern: Shanghai)
- Xiang
- (Changsha)
- Wiktionary: zei4
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡se̞i̯⁴⁵/
- (Changsha)
- Dialectal data
Variety | Location | 最 |
---|---|---|
Mandarin | Beijing | /t͡suei⁵¹/ |
Harbin | /t͡suei⁵³/ | |
Tianjin | /t͡suei⁵³/ | |
Jinan | /t͡suei²¹/ | |
Qingdao | /t͡sue²¹³/ | |
Zhengzhou | /t͡suei³¹²/ | |
Xi'an | /t͡suei⁴⁴/ | |
Xining | /t͡suɨ²¹³/ | |
Yinchuan | /t͡suei¹³/ | |
Lanzhou | /t͡suei¹³/ | |
Ürümqi | /t͡suei²¹³/ | |
Wuhan | /t͡sei³⁵/ | |
Chengdu | /t͡suei¹³/ | |
Guiyang | /t͡suei²¹³/ | |
Kunming | /t͡suei²¹²/ | |
Nanjing | /t͡suəi⁴⁴/ | |
Hefei | /t͡se⁵³/ | |
Jin | Taiyuan | /t͡suei⁴⁵/ |
Pingyao | /t͡suei³⁵/ | |
Hohhot | /t͡suei⁵⁵/ | |
Wu | Shanghai | /t͡sø³⁵/ |
Suzhou | /t͡se̞⁵¹³/ | |
Hangzhou | /t͡sz̩ʷei⁴⁴⁵/ | |
Wenzhou | /t͡sai⁴²/ | |
Hui | Shexian | /t͡ɕye³²⁴/ |
Tunxi | /t͡sə⁴²/ | |
Xiang | Changsha | /t͡sei⁵⁵/ |
Xiangtan | /t͡səi⁵⁵/ | |
Gan | Nanchang | /t͡sui⁴⁵/ |
Hakka | Meixian | /t͡sui⁵³/ |
Taoyuan | /t͡sui⁵⁵/ | |
Cantonese | Guangzhou | /t͡søy³³/ |
Nanning | /t͡sui³³/ | |
Hong Kong | /t͡søy³³/ | |
Min | Xiamen (Hokkien) | /t͡sue²¹/ |
Fuzhou (Eastern Min) | /t͡sɔy²¹²/ | |
Jian'ou (Northern Min) | /t͡suɛ⁴²/ | |
Shantou (Teochew) | /t͡sue²¹³/ | |
Haikou (Hainanese) | /t͡sui³⁵/ |
- Middle Chinese: tswajH
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*[ts]ˤot-s/
- (Zhengzhang): /*zloːds/
Definitions
[edit]最
Synonyms
[edit]Dialectal synonyms of 最 (“most”) [map]
Compounds
[edit]- 最上
- 最低工資/最低工资 (zuìdī gōngzī)
- 最佳 (zuìjiā)
- 最佳拍檔/最佳拍档
- 最先 (zuìxiān)
- 最初 (zuìchū)
- 最大公約數/最大公约数 (zuìdà gōngyuēshù)
- 最好 (zuìhǎo)
- 最小公倍數/最小公倍数 (zuìxiǎo gōngbèishù)
- 最少 (zuìshǎo)
- 最後/最后 (zuìhòu)
- 最後通牒/最后通牒 (zuìhòutōngdié)
- 最惠國待遇/最惠国待遇
- 最敬禮/最敬礼 (zuìjìnglǐ)
- 最為/最为 (zuìwéi)
- 最簡分數/最简分数 (zuìjiǎn fēnshù)
- 最終/最终 (zuìzhōng)
- 最近 (zuìjìn)
- 最速件
- 最適化/最适化 (zuìshìhuà)
- 最高法院 (zuìgāo fǎyuàn)
- 最高當局/最高当局
- 為善最樂/为善最乐 (wéishàn zuì lè)
Japanese
[edit]Kanji
[edit]最
- makes superlatives, most, -est
Readings
[edit]- Go-on: さい (sai, Jōyō)
- Kan-on: さい (sai, Jōyō)
- Kun: もっとも (mottomo, 最も, Jōyō); つまむ (tsumamu, 最む); いと (ito, 最)
- Nanori: もり (mori)
Compounds
[edit]Compounds of 最
- Common
- 最も (mottomo)
- 最愛 (saiai, “beloved”)
- 最悪 (saiaku, “the worst”)
- 最下 (saika, “the lowest”)
- 最強 (saikyō, “the strongest”)
- 最近 (saikin, “recently”)
- 最古 (saiko, “the oldest”)
- 最高 (saikō, “highest; supreme”)
- 最後 (saigo, “last”)
- 最期 (saigo, “one's last moment”)
- 最終 (saishū, “last; final; closing”)
- 最初 (saisho, “first; beginning”)
- 最小 (saishō, “the smallest”)
- 最新 (saishin, “latest; newest”)
- 最上 (saijō, “best”)
- 最善 (saizen, “the very best”)
- 最多 (saita, “the most”)
- 最短 (saitan, “the shortest”)
- 最大 (saidai, “the greatest”)
- 最中 (saichū, “middlemost”)
- 最長 (saichō)
- 最低 (saitei)
- 最適 (saiteki)
- 最良 (sairyō)
- 最早 (mohaya)
- 最寄り (moyori)
- 最恵国 (saikeikoku, “most favored nation”)
- 最盛期 (saiseiki, “golden age”)
- 最先端 (saisentan, “cutting-edge”)
- 最優遇 (saiyūgū)
- Uncommon
Names derived from 最
- Family names
- 最里 (Mori)
- Female given names[1]
- 最下 (Saika)
- 最子 (Saiko)
- 最澄 (Saichō)
- 最実 (Saimi), 最実 (Sami)
- 最美 (Saimi), 最美 (Sami)
- 最中 (Sanaka)
- 最莉 (Sari)
- 最愛 (Mana), 最愛 (Moa), 最愛 (Moai)
- 最燃 (Moe)
- 最可 (Moka)
- 最奈 (Mona)
- 最汝 (Mona)
- 最萌 (Momoe)
- 瑚最 (Komo)
- 夜最 (Yamo)
- 最央利 (Saori)
- 最鶴生 (Satsuki)
- 最登江 (Satoe)
- 沙妃最 (Sahimo)
- 最都子 (Motoko)
- 都最実 (Tomomi)
- Place names
- 最上 (Mogami)
Etymology 1
[edit]Kanji in this term |
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最 |
かなめ Grade: 4 |
Proper noun
[edit]- a male given name[2]
Etymology 2
[edit]Kanji in this term |
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最 |
さい Grade: 4 |
Proper noun
[edit]- a female given name
Prefix
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ 女の子の名前辞書 - Name Catalogue (Girls only), Retrieved 6 May 2013
- ^ 赤ちゃんの名前 好感度調査 - Baby Name Catalogue, Retrieved 6 May 2013
Korean
[edit]Hanja
[edit]Compounds
[edit]Vietnamese
[edit]Han character
[edit]最: Hán Nôm readings: tối, tíu, tụi, tếu
Compounds
[edit]Categories:
- CJK Unified Ideographs block
- Han script characters
- CJK Compatibility Ideographs Supplement block
- Translingual lemmas
- Translingual symbols
- Han phono-semantic compounds
- Mandarin terms with audio links
- Cantonese terms with audio links
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- Wu hanzi
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- Chinese adverbs
- Mandarin adverbs
- Sichuanese adverbs
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- Northern Min adverbs
- Eastern Min adverbs
- Hokkien adverbs
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- Chinese determiners
- Mandarin determiners
- Sichuanese determiners
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- Hakka determiners
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- Hokkien determiners
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- Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation
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- Mandarin terms with usage examples
- Beginning Mandarin
- Japanese kanji
- Japanese fourth grade kanji
- Japanese kyōiku kanji
- Japanese jōyō kanji
- Japanese kanji with goon reading さい
- Japanese kanji with kan'on reading さい
- Japanese kanji with kun reading もっと・も
- Japanese kanji with kun reading つま・む
- Japanese kanji with kun reading いと
- Japanese kanji with nanori reading もり
- Japanese terms spelled with 最 read as かなめ
- Japanese lemmas
- Japanese proper nouns
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- Japanese terms spelled with fourth grade kanji
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- Japanese female given names
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