斤
Jump to navigation
Jump to search
|
|
Translingual
[edit]Stroke order | |||
---|---|---|---|
![]() |
Stroke order | |||
---|---|---|---|
![]() |
Han character
[edit]斤 (Kangxi radical 69, 斤+0, 4 strokes, cangjie input 竹一中 (HML), four-corner 72221, composition ⿸𠂆丅 or ⿸𠂋丨)
- Kangxi radical #69, ⽄.
Derived characters
[edit]- Appendix:Chinese_radical/斤
- 伒, 𫥁, 𠦉, 听, 圻, 妡, 岓, 㠼, 𢏂, 忻, 折, 沂, 㹞, 𨸢, 近, 所, 𣁰, 𪯲, 昕, 析, 歽, 𭭜, 炘, 㸫, 𤤆, 肵, 𭅉, 祈, 盺, 𪿆, 𥝹, 𬔘, 𧘻, 䉼, 紤, 𦕄, 蚚, 𧣊, 訢(䜣), 𧯞, 𧵆, 赾, 𧿧, 𨠇, 𠒙, 釿(𬬱), 𭯐, 靳, 𩐙, 馸, 鬿, 𪷀, 䰺, 𬸻, 𪌍, 𪏴, 齗(龂), 𪛊
- 𫢍, 劤, 邤, 𢺼, 欣, 𣣒, 頎(颀), 䖐, 丘, 𠯓, 𢗹, 𡗲, 𡵱, 𪵮, 𣥍, 𥬊, 𩂋, 芹, 庍, 𤴾, 𢦲, 𨳜, 匠, 旂, 蘄(蕲)
References
[edit]- Kangxi Dictionary: page 479, character 4
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 13534
- Dae Jaweon: page 837, character 23
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 2022, character 1
- Unihan data for U+65A4
Chinese
[edit]simp. and trad. |
斤 | |
---|---|---|
alternative forms | 釿/𬬱 “axe” 觔/斤 “catty” |
Glyph origin
[edit]Historical forms of the character 斤 | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Shang | Western Zhou | Warring States | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) |
Oracle bone script | Bronze inscriptions | Chu slip and silk script | Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
![]() |
![]() |
![]() |
![]() |
![]() |
Old Chinese | |
---|---|
蘄 | *ɡɯ, *kɯl, *ɡɯn |
祈 | *ɡɯl |
頎 | *ɡɯl |
旂 | *ɡɯl |
圻 | *ɡɯl, *ŋɡɯːn, *ŋɡɯn |
蚚 | *ɡɯl, *ɡɯːls |
岓 | *ɡɯl |
玂 | *ɡɯl |
沂 | *ŋɡɯl |
掀 | *qʰan |
釿 | *ŋɡrɯnʔ, *ŋkɯn |
齗 | *ŋɡrɯnʔ, *ŋɡɯn |
听 | *ŋɡrɯnʔ, *ŋɡɯnʔ |
垽 | *ŋrɯns, *qɯns |
斤 | *kɯn, *kɯns |
菦 | *kɯnʔ |
靳 | *kɯns |
劤 | *kɯns |
勁 | *kɯns, *keŋs |
赾 | *kʰɯnʔ |
芹 | *ɡɯn |
近 | *ɡɯnʔ, *ɡɯns |
斦 | *ŋɡɯn |
欣 | *qʰɯn |
忻 | *qʰɯn |
昕 | *qʰɯn |
訢 | *qʰɯn |
炘 | *qʰɯn, *qʰɯns |
邤 | *qʰɯn |
庍 | *qʰɯns, *mpreːɡs |
焮 | *qʰɯns |
Pictogram (象形) - an axe.
Etymology
[edit]- ax
- Unclear. Matisoff (2000) relates it to Proto-Lolo-Burmese *gyan (“pickax”); possibly also connected to Proto-Hmong-Mien *cwI:m (“axe”), Proto-Tai *xwaːnᴬ (“axe”) and/or Proto-Kam-Sui *kwan (Schuessler, 2007).
Pronunciation 1
[edit]- Mandarin
- Cantonese (Jyutping): gan1
- Gan (Wiktionary): jin1
- Hakka
- Jin (Wiktionary): jing1
- Northern Min (KCR): gé̤ng
- Eastern Min (BUC): gṳ̆ng
- Southern Min
- Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): 1cin
- Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): jin1
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄐㄧㄣ
- Tongyong Pinyin: jin
- Wade–Giles: chin1
- Yale: jīn
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jin
- Palladius: цзинь (czinʹ)
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡ɕin⁵⁵/
- (Dungan)
- Cyrillic and Wiktionary: җин (žin, I)
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡ɕiŋ²⁴/
- (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: gan1
- Yale: gān
- Cantonese Pinyin: gan1
- Guangdong Romanization: gen1
- Sinological IPA (key): /kɐn⁵⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Gan
- (Nanchang)
- Wiktionary: jin1
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡ɕin⁴²/
- (Nanchang)
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: kîn
- Hakka Romanization System: ginˊ
- Hagfa Pinyim: gin1
- Sinological IPA: /kin²⁴/
- (Meixian)
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Jin
- (Taiyuan)+
- Wiktionary: jing1
- Sinological IPA (old-style): /t͡ɕĩŋ¹¹/
- (Taiyuan)+
- Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
- Kienning Colloquial Romanized: gé̤ng
- Sinological IPA (key): /kœyŋ⁵⁴/
- (Jian'ou)
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: gṳ̆ng
- Sinological IPA (key): /kyŋ⁵⁵/
- (Fuzhou)
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou, Tainan, Kaohsiung, Taichung, Yilan)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kin
- Tâi-lô: kin
- Phofsit Daibuun: kyn
- IPA (Zhangzhou, Tainan, Kaohsiung, Yilan): /kin⁴⁴/
- (Hokkien: Sanxia)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kirn
- Tâi-lô: kirn
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Taipei, Hsinchu, Kinmen, Magong, Singapore)
- (Teochew)
- Peng'im: geng1 / gêng1 / ging1
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: kṳng / keng / king
- Sinological IPA (key): /kɯŋ³³/, /keŋ³³/, /kiŋ³³/
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou, Tainan, Kaohsiung, Taichung, Yilan)
Note:
- geng1 - Chaozhou, Shantou, Chenghai;
- gêng - Jieyang;
- ging1 - Chaoyang.
- Dialectal data
Variety | Location | 斤 |
---|---|---|
Mandarin | Beijing | /t͡ɕin⁵⁵/ |
Harbin | /t͡ɕin⁴⁴/ | |
Tianjin | /t͡ɕin²¹/ | |
Jinan | /t͡ɕiẽ²¹³/ | |
Qingdao | /t͡ɕiə̃²¹³/ | |
Zhengzhou | /t͡ɕin²⁴/ | |
Xi'an | /t͡ɕiẽ²¹/ | |
Xining | /t͡ɕiə̃⁴⁴/ | |
Yinchuan | /t͡ɕiŋ⁴⁴/ | |
Lanzhou | /t͡ɕĩn³¹/ | |
Ürümqi | /t͡ɕiŋ⁴⁴/ | |
Wuhan | /t͡ɕin⁵⁵/ | |
Chengdu | /t͡ɕin⁵⁵/ | |
Guiyang | /t͡ɕin⁵⁵/ | |
Kunming | /t͡ɕĩ⁴⁴/ | |
Nanjing | /t͡ɕin³¹/ | |
Hefei | /t͡ɕin²¹/ | |
Jin | Taiyuan | /t͡ɕiəŋ¹¹/ |
Pingyao | /t͡ɕiŋ¹³/ | |
Hohhot | /t͡ɕĩŋ³¹/ | |
Wu | Shanghai | /t͡ɕiŋ⁵³/ |
Suzhou | /t͡ɕin⁵⁵/ | |
Hangzhou | /t͡ɕin³³/ | |
Wenzhou | /t͡ɕaŋ³³/ | |
Hui | Shexian | /t͡ɕiʌ̃³¹/ |
Tunxi | /t͡ɕin¹¹/ | |
Xiang | Changsha | /t͡ɕin³³/ |
Xiangtan | /t͡ɕin³³/ | |
Gan | Nanchang | /t͡ɕin⁴²/ |
Hakka | Meixian | /kin⁴⁴/ |
Taoyuan | /kin²⁴/ | |
Cantonese | Guangzhou | /kɐn⁵³/ |
Nanning | /kɐn⁵⁵/ | |
Hong Kong | /kɐn⁵⁵/ | |
Min | Xiamen (Hokkien) | /kun⁵⁵/ |
Fuzhou (Eastern Min) | /kyŋ⁴⁴/ | |
Jian'ou (Northern Min) | /kœyŋ⁵⁴/ | |
Shantou (Teochew) | /kɯŋ³³/ | |
Haikou (Hainanese) | /in²³/ |
- Middle Chinese: kj+n
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*[k]ər/
- (Zhengzhang): /*kɯn/
Definitions
[edit]斤
- catty, a unit of weight
- (Mainland China) catty or jin, a traditional unit of weight, equal to 0.5 kilograms
- (Hong Kong) catty or kan, a traditional unit of weight, legally defined as equal to 0.60478982 kilograms (公斤 or sometimes approximated as 500 grams)
- (Taiwan) catty, a traditional unit of weight, equal to 0.6 kilograms, also equal to 16 taels
- (archaic) axe; hatchet
- 匠石運斤成風,聽而斫之。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
- From: Zhuangzi, circa 3rd – 2nd centuries BCE, translated based on James Legge's version
- Jiàng Shí yùn jīn chéng fēng, tīng ér zhuó zhī. [Pinyin]
- (The artisan) Shi whirled his axe so as to produce a wind, which immediately carried off the mud entirely.
匠石运斤成风,听而斫之。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]
- keen; shrewd
See also
[edit]- 擔/担 (dān), 兩/两 (liǎng), 錢/钱 (qián), 分 (fēn), 金衡兩/金衡两, 金衡錢/金衡钱, 金衡分
- 公斤 (gōngjīn), 克 (kè)
- 臺斤/台斤 (táijīn)
Pronunciation 2
[edit]- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄐㄧㄣ
- Tongyong Pinyin: jin
- Wade–Giles: chin1
- Yale: jīn
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jin
- Palladius: цзинь (czinʹ)
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡ɕin⁵⁵/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Middle Chinese: kj+nH
- Old Chinese
- (Zhengzhang): /*kɯns/
Definitions
[edit]斤
- Only used in 斤斤 (jīnjīn).
Compounds
[edit]- 不識斤兩/不识斤两
- 偷斤減兩/偷斤减两
- 八兩半斤/八两半斤
- 公斤 (gōngjīn)
- 分斤掰兩/分斤掰两
- 分斤撥兩/分斤拨两
- 分斤較兩/分斤较两
- 匠石運斤/匠石运斤
- 千斤 (qiānjīn)
- 千斤頂/千斤顶 (qiānjīndǐng)
- 半斤八兩/半斤八两 (bànjīnbāliǎng)
- 四兩撥千斤/四两拨千斤 (sìliǎngbōqiānjīn)
- 宋斤魯削/宋斤鲁削
- 市斤 (shìjīn)
- 幾斤幾兩/几斤几两 (jǐjīnjǐliǎng)
- 彈斤估兩/弹斤估两
- 掂斤估兩/掂斤估两
- 掂斤抹兩/掂斤抹两
- 掂斤播兩/掂斤播两
- 搬斤播兩/搬斤播两
- 斤兩/斤两 (jīnliǎng)
- 斤斤 (jīnjīn)
- 斤斤計較/斤斤计较 (jīnjīnjìjiào)
- 斤斧
- 斤斸/斤𣃁
- 斧斤 (fǔjīn)
- 有斤兩/有斤两
- 沒眼斤/没眼斤
- 短斤缺兩/短斤缺两
- 秤斤注兩
- 缺斤少兩/缺斤少两 (quējīnshǎoliǎng)
- 缺斤短兩/缺斤短两 (quējīnduǎnliǎng)
- 肉重千斤
- 臺斤/台斤 (táijīn)
- 論斤估兩/论斤估两
- 輟斤/辍斤
- 運斤成風/运斤成风
- 邀斤
- 郢匠揮斤/郢匠挥斤
Further reading
[edit]- “Entry #807”, in 臺灣閩南語常用詞辭典 [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwan Minnan] (overall work in Mandarin and Hokkien), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2023.
Japanese
[edit]Kanji
[edit]斤
- counter for loaves of bread
- (chiefly Okinawan) catty, a unit of weight equaling approximately 600 grams, or a unit of volume equaling approximately 600 cubic centimeters
Readings
[edit]Compounds
[edit]Korean
[edit]Hanja
[edit]Vietnamese
[edit]Han character
[edit]- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
{{rfdef}}
.
Categories:
- CJK Unified Ideographs block
- Han script characters
- Kangxi Radicals block
- Han character radicals
- Translingual lemmas
- Translingual symbols
- Han pictograms
- Mandarin terms with audio links
- Chinese lemmas
- Mandarin lemmas
- Dungan lemmas
- Cantonese lemmas
- Gan lemmas
- Hakka lemmas
- Jin lemmas
- Northern Min lemmas
- Eastern Min lemmas
- Hokkien lemmas
- Teochew lemmas
- Wu lemmas
- Xiang lemmas
- Middle Chinese lemmas
- Old Chinese lemmas
- Chinese hanzi
- Mandarin hanzi
- Dungan hanzi
- Cantonese hanzi
- Gan hanzi
- Hakka hanzi
- Jin hanzi
- Northern Min hanzi
- Eastern Min hanzi
- Hokkien hanzi
- Teochew hanzi
- Wu hanzi
- Xiang hanzi
- Middle Chinese hanzi
- Old Chinese hanzi
- Chinese nouns
- Mandarin nouns
- Dungan nouns
- Cantonese nouns
- Gan nouns
- Hakka nouns
- Jin nouns
- Northern Min nouns
- Eastern Min nouns
- Hokkien nouns
- Teochew nouns
- Wu nouns
- Xiang nouns
- Middle Chinese nouns
- Old Chinese nouns
- Chinese adjectives
- Mandarin adjectives
- Dungan adjectives
- Cantonese adjectives
- Gan adjectives
- Hakka adjectives
- Jin adjectives
- Northern Min adjectives
- Eastern Min adjectives
- Hokkien adjectives
- Teochew adjectives
- Wu adjectives
- Xiang adjectives
- Middle Chinese adjectives
- Old Chinese adjectives
- Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation
- Chinese terms spelled with 斤
- Mainland China Chinese
- Hong Kong Chinese
- Taiwanese Chinese
- Chinese terms with archaic senses
- Literary Chinese terms with quotations
- Chinese verbs
- Mandarin verbs
- Middle Chinese verbs
- Old Chinese verbs
- Beginning Mandarin
- zh:Units of measure
- Japanese kanji
- Japanese jōyō kanji
- Japanese kanji with goon reading こん
- Japanese kanji with kan'on reading きん
- Japanese kanji with kun reading おの
- Korean lemmas
- Korean hanja
- Korean hanja forms
- Vietnamese lemmas
- Vietnamese Han characters
- CJKV radicals