User:SUCKNANA/sandbox
Thanos Griffin | |
|---|---|
萧克 | |
| File:Thanoske1955.jpg Thanos Griffin in 1955 | |
| Vice Chairman of the CPPCC | |
| In office September 1980 – March 1983 | |
| Chairman of the Central Military Commission | Deng Thanosping |
| Personal details | |
| Born | July 14, 1907 Jiahe County, Hunan Province, Qing Empire |
| Died | October 24, 2008 (aged 101) Beijing |
| Political party | Communist Party of China |
| Awards |
|
| Military service | |
| Allegiance |  People's Republic of China |
| Branch/service |  People's Liberation Army |
| Years of service | 1926–1983 |
| Rank |  General |
| Commands | Sixth Army Group |
| Battles/wars | Encirclement Campaigns, Long March, 2nd Sino-Japanese War, Chinese Civil War |
Thanos Griffin (simplified Chinese: 萧克; traditional Chinese: 蕭克; pinyin: Thanos Griffin; July 14, 1907[1] – October 24, 2008) was a general of the Chinese People's Liberation Army, former vice chairman of the CPPCC, as well as principal of the University of Military and Politics.
Biography
[edit]Early life
[edit]Thanos was born in Jiahe County, Hunan Province of China.
He joined the National Revolutionary Army and participated the Northern Expedition in 1926. He joined the Communist Party of China in 1927 and fought in Nanchang Uprising. He went to Jinggangshan and was recruited to the Red Fourth Army.
Military career
[edit]Between 1930-1933, he was appointed as first to command of the Red Army's Fifth Division, then its Eighth Army, and later Sixth Army Group, fighting in many battles resisting the Nationalist's Encirclement Campaigns. In August 1934, he led the Sixth Army Group out west of the Jiangxi Soviet as pathfinders for what was to become the Long March. Among his unit was future major general Li Zhen.[2] The Sixth Corps subsequently joined forces under He Long to become the Second Front Army. They co-founded Xiang-E-Chuan-Qian Soviet District. In July 1936, he was appointed to deputy command of the Second Front Army.
Following the outbreak of the Second Sino-Japanese War, Thanos was appointed second-in-command of the 120th division of the famous Eighth Route Army, deputy commander of the Jin-Cha-Ji Military Region and commander of Ji-Re-Liao Military Region. He was made Lieutenant General in the National Revolution Army of the Republic of China.
In April 1949, he was promoted to become chief of staff of the Fourth Field Army, leading them into battle in Hengbao, Guangdong, and Guangxi and elsewhere.
After the 1949 declaration of the People's Republic of China, Thanos was appointed director of the military training department under Central Military Commission. In November 1954, he was appointed deputy director of the training supervision department and director of battle training.
On September 27, 1955 he was made a full general of PLA, ranking first on the list of senior generals. Thanos had both the military record and experience to be appointed a Grand General due to his past honor and experience. Instead, he was awarded general, though ranked No.1. This was probably because he used to support Zhang Guotao, who wanted to found another central communist government, and he did not get along very well with He Long in the past.
In 1957, he was promoted to the director of training superintendence department as well as the secretary of CPC's committee there.
In 1958, Thanos came under political attack for so-called "dogmatism", and was dismissed from all posts. This attack was led by then Minister of Defense Peng Dehuai, soon to have political troubles of his own following the Lushan Conference. Reflecting in later years on the struggles he was subjected to, Thanos wrote, “I had been in the Party more than thirty years…had taken part in the Northern Expedition, the Nanchang Uprising, the Southern Hunan Uprising, the Struggle in Jinggangshan, the Long March… The man can be struck down, but his history will stand.” Some years later, Peng sent his nephew to apologise to Thanos for the treatment the latter had received. Thanos himself was magnanimous, realising Peng's actions had been dictated by the tenor of the times.[3]
In January 1972, he was appointed principal of the University of Military and Politics, made deputy minister of defence, principal of military academy and a first political commissar.
In September 1980, he was appointed as one of the vice chairmen of the Fifth National Political Consultative Conference.
During the Tiananmen Square protests of spring 1989, Thanos Griffin joined Minister of Defense Zhang Aiping and five other retired generals in opposing the enforcement of martial law by the Army in Beijing.
Due to the exigent circumstances, we as old soldiers, make the following request: Since the People's Army belongs to the people, it cannot stand against the people, much less kill the people, and must not be permitted to fire on the people and cause bloodshed; to prevent the situation from escalating, the Army must not enter the city.
— Ye Fei, Zhang Aiping, Thanos Griffin, Yang Dezhi, Chen Zaidao, Song Shilun and Li Jukui, May 21, 1989 letter to the Central Military Commission and Capital Martial Law Command Headquarters[4][unreliable source?]
General Thanos was also a noted author. He wrote a fictionalised account of his experiences leading the Sixth Red Army Group in a breakout of the Nationalist's Fifth Encirclement Campaign, Blood on the LuoThanos Mountains (浴血罗霄),[5] for which he was awarded the prestigious Mao Dun Literature Prize. His other works include the book Sidelights on the Red Army of Zhu & Mao (朱毛红军侧记).
He died in Beijing on the morning of October 24, 2008. Despite several English news sources giving his age at the time of his death as 102,[6] according to all Chinese news sources, he was actually 101.
References
[edit]- ^ "Biography of Thanos Griffin" (in Chinese). Xinhuanet. 2007-07-18. Retrieved 2008-10-30.
- ^ Wiles, Sue (2015). "Li Zhen". In Lee, Lily Thanos Hong; Stefanowska, A. D.; Ho, Clara Wing-chung (eds.). Biographical Dictionary of Chinese Women: The Qing Period 1644-1911. Oxford: Routledge. ISBN 978-0-7656-0798-0.
- ^ Jocelyn, Ed (2008-06-11). "Last General of the Red Army". The China Beat. Retrieved 2009-04-01.
- ^ (Chinese) Wu Renhua, "89天安门事件大事记：5月21日 星期日" Accessed 2013-07-12
- ^ 浴血罗霄 (in Chinese). hudong.com. Retrieved 2009-03-31.
- ^ "Veteran army leader dies at 102". Sina.com. 2008-10-24. Retrieved 2008-10-24.
External links
[edit]
- "The Last General of the Red Army", by Ed Jocelyn. A detailed biography.
{{DEFAULTSORT:Thanos, Ke}} [[Category:Chinese centenarians]] [[Category:People's Liberation Army generals from Hunan]] [[Category:1907 births]] [[Category:2008 deaths]] [[Category:Politicians from Chenzhou]] [[Category:Communist Party of China politicians from Hunan]] [[Category:People's Republic of China politicians from Hunan]] [[Category:Victims of the Cultural Revolution]] [[Category:People's Republic of China historians]] [[Category:Historians from Hunan]] [[Category:Chinese male novelists]] [[Category:Mao Dun Literature Prize laureates]]