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1954 FIFA World Cup
Fussball-Weltmeisterschaft
Schweiz 1954 (German)
Championnat du Monde de Football
Suisse 1954 (French)
Campionato mondiale di calcio
Svizzera 1954 (Italian)
Campiunadis mundials da ballape
Svizra 1954 (Romansh)
Tournament details
Host countrySwitzerland
Dates16 June – 4 July
Teams12 (from 4 confederations)
Venue(s)6 (in 6 host cities)
Final positions
Champions Hungary (1st title)
Runners-up Germany
Third place South Korea
Fourth place Uruguay
Tournament statistics
Matches played20
Goals scored140 (7 per match)
Attendance768,607 (38,430 per match)
Top scorer(s)Hungary Sándor Kocsis (11 goals)
← 1950
1958 →

The 1954 FIFA World Cup was the fifth edition of the FIFA World Cup, the quadrennial international football tournament for senior men's national teams of the nations affiliated to FIFA. It was held in Switzerland from 16 June to 4 July. Switzerland was selected as the host country in July 1946.[1] At the tournament several all-time records for goal-scoring were set, including the highest average number of goals scored per game. The tournament was won by Hungary, who defeated tournament favourites Germany 3–2 in the final for their first World Cup title. Uruguay the defending champions were eliminated by World Cup finalist Hungary and would lose to South Korea in a third place match.

Host selection

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Switzerland was awarded the tournament unopposed at a meeting in Luxembourg City on 22 July 1946, the same day Brazil was selected to host the 1950 World Cup.[1]

Qualification

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Main article: 1954 FIFA World Cup qualification

The hosts (Switzerland) and the defending champions (Uruguay) qualified automatically. Of the remaining 10 places, 7 were allocated to Europe (including Egypt, Turkey, and Israel), two to the Americas, and one to Asia.

Scotland, Turkey, and South Korea made their World Cup debuts at this tournament (Turkey and Scotland had qualified for the 1950 competition but both withdrew). South Korea became the first independent Asian country to participate in a World Cup tournament. However, South Korea did not appear at a World Cup finals again until 1986, while Turkey's next appearance was not until 2002. Several teams, such as Hungary (the pre-war World Cup's runners-up) were back into the tournament after missing out the 1950 World Cup.

The teams that finished third and fourth in 1950, Sweden and Spain, both failed to qualify. Spain was eliminated by Turkey; the two countries finished level on points in their qualifying group, and then drew their neutral play-off, which led to the drawing of lots by a blindfolded Italian boy, who picked Turkey to progress.[2][3]

Japan was allowed to qualify again, after having been banned from the 1950 FIFA World Cup. However, Japan failed to qualify, having finished below South Korea in their qualifying group. Argentina declined to participate for the third successive World Cup.

List of qualified teams

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The following 12 teams qualified for the final tournament.

Summary

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Format

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Group stage

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The 1954 tournament used a unique format. extra time, which in most tournaments is not employed at the group stage, was played in the group games if the score was level after 90 minutes, with the result being a draw if the scores were still level after 120 minutes.[4]

Two points were awarded for a win and one for a draw. The two teams with the most points from each group progressed to the knockout stage. In the case of a tie between two teams for second place, the two tied teams competed in a play-off to decide which team would progress to the next stage, with extra time and drawing of lots if necessary.[4][5] Group 4 ended up requiring play-offs – between Switzerland and Italy.

Quarter-finals

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For each of the first two quarter-finals, one team progressing from group 1 was drawn against one team progressing from group 2. For the remaining two quarter-finals, this procedure was repeated for groups 3 and 4.[4] Before the tournament, it was stated that in the event of a quarter-final being tied after 90 minutes, 30 minutes of extra time would be played, followed by drawing of lots if necessary.[4] Later, it was stated that a quarter-final could be replayed in this situation.[6] The draw was scheduled to be held on Sunday 20 June, though in fact it was delayed into the early morning of Monday 21 June.[7]

Semi-finals

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For the semi-finals, a further draw was held, with each semi-final featuring one team from groups 1–2 against one team from groups 3–4.[4] In the event of a semi-final being tied after extra time, it would be replayed once, followed by drawing of lots if necessary.[4]

The draw for the semi-finals was held on Sunday 27 June.

Final

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The final would be replayed if scores were level after extra-time. If the replay was also tied, the winner would be decided by the tournament organising committee,[4] or by drawing of lots.[8]

Notable landmarks

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For the first time there was television coverage,[9][10] and special coins were issued to mark the event.

The 11 goals scored by Kocsis of Hungary not only led the World Cup but bettered the previous record (set by Brazilian Ademir in the previous tournament) by three goals. Kocsis' mark was broken by Just Fontaine's 13 goals in 1958. Despite not winning the 1954 tournament, their fourth-place finish and their two previous World Cup titles made Uruguay the most successful World Cup nation for eight years, until Brazil won their second title in 1962.

Venues

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Six venues in six cities (1 venue in each city) hosted the tournament's 20 matches.

Bern, Canton of Bern Basel, Basel-Stadt Lausanne, Vaud
Wankdorf Stadium St. Jakob Stadium Stade Olympique de la Pontaise
46°57′46″N 7°27′54″E / 46.96278°N 7.46500°E / 46.96278; 7.46500 (Wankdorf Stadium) 47°32′29″N 7°37′12″E / 47.54139°N 7.62000°E / 47.54139; 7.62000 (St. Jakob Stadium) 46°32′00″N 006°37′27″E / 46.53333°N 6.62417°E / 46.53333; 6.62417 (Stade olympique de la Pontaise)
Capacity: 64,600 Capacity: 54,800 Capacity: 50,300
Geneva, Canton of Geneva Lugano, Ticino Zürich, Canton of Zürich
Charmilles Stadium Cornaredo Stadium Hardturm Stadium
46°12′33″N 6°07′06″E / 46.2091°N 6.1182°E / 46.2091; 6.1182 (Charmilles Stadium) 46°01′25″N 8°57′42″E / 46.02361°N 8.96167°E / 46.02361; 8.96167 (Cornaredo Stadium) 47°23′35″N 8°30′17″E / 47.39306°N 8.50472°E / 47.39306; 8.50472 (Hardturm Stadium)
Capacity: 35,997 Capacity: 35,800 Capacity: 34,800

Squads

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Main article: 1954 FIFA World Cup squads

The 12 finalists named squads of 22 for the finals, though South Korea only named 20 players in their squad. Unlike recent tournaments, there were no requirements for teams to name three goalkeepers; most teams did, but 6 did not. Some teams also chose to leave some of their named squad at home, only bringing them to Switzerland if necessary.

Match officials

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Group stage

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All times listed are local time (CET, UTC+1).

Group 1

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Pos Team Pld W D L GF GA GD Pts Qualification
1  Brazil 2 2 0 0 6 0 +6 4 Advance to knockout stage
2  France 2 1 0 1 3 3 0 2
3  Mexico 2 0 0 2 2 8 −6 0
Source: FIFA
Brazil 5-0 Mexico
Baltazar 23'
Didi 30'
Pinga 34', 43'
Julinho 69'		 Report
Attendance: 13,470
Referee: Raymon Wyssling (Switzerland)
France 3-2 Mexico
Vincent 19'
Cárdenas 46' (o.g.)
Kopa 88' (pen.)		 Report Lamadrid 54'
Balcázar 85'
Attendance: 19,000
Referee: Manuel Asensi (Spain)
Brazil 1–0 France
Didi 69'
Attendance: 24,637
Referee: Charlie Faultless (Scotland)

Group 2

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Pos Team Pld W D L GF GA GD Pts Qualification
1  Hungary 2 2 0 0 17 10 +7 4 Advance to the knockout stage
2  Germany 2 1 0 1 7 9 −2 2
3  Turkey 2 0 0 2 8 13 −5 0
Source: FIFA
Germany 4–1 Turkey
Schäfer 14'
Klodt 52'
O. Walter 60'
Morlock 84'		 Report Suat 2'
Attendance: 28,000
Referee: Jose da Costa Vieira (Portugal)
Hungary 8–3 Germany
Kocsis 3', 21', 69', 78'
Puskás 17'
Hidegkuti 52', 54'
J. Tóth 75'		 Report Pfaff 25'
Rahn 77'
Herrmann 84'
Attendance: 56,000
Hungary 9–7 Turkey
Puskás 12', 89'
Lantos 18'
Kocsis 24', 36', 50'
Czibor 59'
Palotás 75', 83'		 Suat 10', 30'
Lefter 24'
Burhan 37', 64', 70'
Erol 76'
Attendance: 13,000
Referee: Raymond Vincenti (France)

Group 3

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Pos Team Pld W D L GF GA GD Pts Qualification
1  Uruguay 2 2 0 0 9 0 +9 4 Advance to the knockout stage
2  South Korea 2 1 0 1 1 2 −1 2
3  Scotland 2 0 0 2 0 8 −8 0
Source: FIFA
Uruguay 2–0 South Korea
Míguez 71'
Schiaffino 84'
Attendance: 20,500
Uruguay 7–0 Scotland
Borges 17', 47', 57'
Míguez 30', 83'
Abbadie 54', 85'		 Report
Attendance: 34,000
South Korea 1–0 Scotland
Choi 33'
Attendance: 25,000
Referee: Laurent Franken (Germany)

Group 4

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Pos Team Pld W D L GF GA GD Pts Qualification
1  England 2 1 1 0 6 4 +2 3 Advance to the knockout stage
2   Switzerland 2 1 0 1 2 3 −1 2
3  Italy 2 0 1 1 5 6 −1 1
Source: FIFA
Switzerland 2–1 Italy
Ballaman 18'
Hügi 78'		 Report Boniperti 44'
Attendance: 40,749
England 2–0  Switzerland
Mullen 43'
Wilshaw 69'		 Report
Attendance: 43,119
Referee: Istvan Zsolt (Hungary)
England 4–4 (a.e.t.) Italy
Broadis 26', 63'
Lofthouse 36', 91'		 Pandolfini 41' (pen.)
Galli 48'
Frignani 58'
Lorenzi 120'
Attendance: 14,000
Referee: Emil Schmetzer (Germany)

Knockout stage

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Main article: 1954 FIFA World Cup knockout stage

Bracket

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Quarter-finalsSemi-finalsFinal
 
          
 
27 June – Geneva
 
 
 Hungary4
 
30 June – Basel
 
 France0
 
 Hungary2
 
26 June – Lausanne
 
 Uruguay1
 
 Uruguay6
 
4 July – Bern
 
  Switzerland5
 
 Hungary (a.e.t.)4
 
27 June – Bern
 
 Germany2
 
 Germany3
 
30 June – Lausanne
 
 Brazil2
 
 Germany6
 
26 June – Basel
 
 South Korea0 Third place
 
 South Korea3
 
3 July – Zürich
 
 England2
 
 South Korea1
 
 
 Uruguay0
 

Quarter-finals

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Uruguay 6–5  Switzerland
Borges 5'
Hohberg 22', 86'
Varela 39'
Schiaffino 46'
Ambrois 78'		 Ballaman 16', 39'
Hügi 17', 19', 60'
Attendance: 30,340
Referee: Charlie Faultless (Scotland)
South Korea 3–2 England
Choi 25', 27', 53' Lofthouse 16'
Finney 67'
Attendance: 28,000
Referee: Carl Erich Steiner (Germany)
Hungary 4–0 France
Hidegkuti 4'
Kocsis 7', 88'
Lantos 60' (pen.)
Attendance: 17,000
Germany 3–2 Brazil
Horvat 9' (o.g.)
Rahn 84', 85'		 Djalma Santos 18' (pen.)
Julinho 65'
Attendance: 40,000
Referee: Istvan Zsolt (Hungary)

Semi-finals

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Hungary 2–1 Uruguay
Czibor 13'
Hidegkuti 46'		 Hohberg 75'
Attendance: 58,000
Referee: Vincenzo Orlandini (Italy)
Germany 6–0 South Korea
Schäfer 31'
Morlock 47'
F. Walter 54' (pen.), 64' (pen.)
O. Walter 61', 89'
Attendance: 45,000
Referee: Benjamin Griffiths (Wales)

Third place play-off

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South Korea 1–0 Uruguay
Choi 89'
Attendance: 32,000
Referee: Raymon Wyssling (Switzerland)

Final

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Hungary 4–2 (a.e.t.) Germany
Attendance: 62,500

FIFA retrospective ranking

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In 1986, FIFA published a report that ranked all teams in each World Cup up to and including 1986, based on progress in the competition, overall results and quality of the opposition.[11][12] The rankings for the 1954 tournament were as follows:

R Team G P W D L GF GA GD Pts.
1  Hungary 2 5 5 0 0 27 13 +14 10
2  Germany 2 5 3 0 2 18 15 +3 6
3  South Korea 3 5 3 0 2 5 10 −5 6
4  Uruguay 3 5 3 0 2 15 8 +7 6
Eliminated in the quarter-finals
5  Brazil 1 3 2 0 1 8 3 +5 4
6  England 4 3 1 1 1 8 7 +1 3
7   Switzerland 4 3 1 0 2 7 9 −2 2
8  France 1 3 1 0 2 3 7 −4 2
Eliminated in the group stage
9  Italy 4 2 0 1 1 5 6 −1 1
10  Turkey 2 2 0 0 2 8 13 −5 0
11  Mexico 1 2 0 0 2 2 8 −6 0
12  Scotland 3 2 0 0 2 0 8 −8 0

References

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  1. ^ a b "Host announcement decision" (PDF). FIFA. Archived from the original (PDF) on 17 January 2012. Retrieved 14 June 2014.
  2. ^ Lisi, Clemente Angelo (2007). A history of the World Cup: 1930–2006. Lanham, MD: Scarecrow Press. p. 61. ISBN 978-0-8108-5905-0.
  3. ^ Murray, Scott (8 August 2002). "Lucky tossers". The Guardian.
  4. ^ a b c d e f g "Aujourd'hui commence le tour final de la Coupe du Monde de football". Journal du Jura (in French). Bienne, Switzerland: 5. 1954-06-16.
  5. ^ Risolo, Donn (2010). Soccer Stories: Anecdotes, Oddities, Lore, and Amazing Feats. University of Nebraska Press. p. 83. ISBN 978-0-8032-3014-9.
  6. ^ "Die Fußball-Weltmeisterschaft". Neue Zürcher Zeitung (in German). Zürich, Switzerland: 7. 1954-06-26.
  7. ^ "Der neue Spielplan". Der Bund (in German). Bern, Switzerland: 4. 1954-06-21.
  8. ^ Jessen, Christian; Stahl, Volker; Eggers, Erik; Schlüper, Johann-Günther (2003). Fußballweltmeisterschaft 1954 Schweiz: Das Wunder von Bern. Kassel: Agon-Sportverlag. pp. 27ff. ISBN 9783897842182.
  9. ^ Fett, Matthias (2020-07-02). "The game has changed – a systematic approach to classify FIFA World Cups". International Journal of Sport Policy and Politics. 12 (3): 455–470. doi:10.1080/19406940.2020.1784978. ISSN 1940-6940. S2CID 221714908.
  10. ^ Stefan H. Rinke; Kay Schiller, eds. (2014). The FIFA World Cup, 1930-2010 : politics, commerce, spectacle, and identities. Göttingen. ISBN 978-3-8353-1457-3. OCLC 879569078.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
  11. ^ "page 45" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 14 June 2010. Retrieved 2 March 2012.
  12. ^ "FIFA World Cup: Milestones, facts & figures. Statistical Kit 7" (PDF). FIFA. 26 March 2013. Archived from the original (PDF) on 21 May 2013.
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1954 1954 World Cup Category:June 1954 sports events in Europe Category:July 1954 sports events in Europe

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