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Toujours le même

Encore une fois

Toujours le même

Encore une fois [6]

Chess brain [7]

Commons[[ Media related to Montgolfier brothers at Wikimedia Commons

“Once all the Germans were warlike and mean

But that couldn’t happen again

We taught them a lesson in 1918

And they’ve hardly bothered us since then”

Tom Lehrer

Anchor 0 - "Toujours le même"

(first visible words after Test Anchor 0). Go to Test anchor 1 (Section heading below)

GAT at end

The Fires of Sundhnúksgíga, Iceland - 18 December 2023 - (MBL.is) - For one night only, 22:00 until dawn. (Sigur Rós)

Untitled #4 (Njósnavélin)

[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ku8dqpwaW6c Live in Reykjavik}

#4 Live Paris

Acoustic

Live 2006

Belle Époque... every day, always.

Podcast : The Rest is Politics, Rory Stewart & Alastair Campbell

Podcast : No Such Thing as a Fish

Rory Stewart on the pain of losing to Boris, and near-death experiences in Afghanistan

Rory Stewart On Empire, Austerity & Why Corbyn Was Right About Iraq | Ash Sarkar meets Rory Stewart

Rory Stewart | Ranking Tory Prime Ministers

And the Band Played Waltzing Matilda Liam Clancy, 1992

Moyun: Thunderstruck, ... Hotel California ... Beat it

Emma Kok: Andre Rieu - Voila See Voila Emma Kok

Jimmy Wales favourite quote I have sworn upon the altar of God, eternal hostility against every form of tyranny over the mind of man. Thomas Jefferson

Holocaust Survivor Rachel Gottstein Full Testimony | USC Shoah Foundation

The Rest is History (BBC): The Rise of the Nazis

Bruch Max: Bruch: Adagio appassionato, Op. 57. Chagall

The New Yorker: How Mosquitoes Changed Everything.

The New Yorker: The Day the Dinosaurs Died (Tanis)

The New Yorker: The Really Big One (Kathryn Schulz, 2016 Pulitzer Prize winner.)

Julia Ioffe: The Putin Files: Julia Ioffe - Frontline PBS

Julia Ioffe: Putin's Road to War: Julia Ioffe (interview) - Frontline PBS

John Mearsheimer: Who (really) caused the crisis in Ukraine – True causes and consequences of the crisis in Ukraine

Anne Applebaum: The Atlantic

The real story of how Enigma was broken - Sir Dermot Turing

Almost in 'F' (almost twice) Kevin MacLeod

Across the Universe

Wired - Q

Play the game like its the most important thing in the world, but know that its not. Rafa

Barack Obama Selma 50th anniversary speech Youtube

Mr. Khan, who has never met me, has no right to stand in front of millions of people and claim I have never read the Constitution. Donald Trump, 31 July 2016^[1]

YouTube : AGU, British Geologic Survey, CIDER Dynamic Earth, European Geosciences Union, IRIS Earthquake Science, Geological Society

Why public schoolboys like me and Boris Johnson aren’t fit to run our country

Allan Brammagh

AI - Moonlight sonata, Chopin Ballade 1, Bach Goldberg Variations, Liszt Piano sonata in Bmin, Rachmaninov concerto 3... vs ...

NahreSol - Bach - Prelude in C Major, Ravel Gaspar de la nuit, Messian Regarde du pere, Glass Etude 2, Liszt sonata in bminor.

Goat tower

Aqua Sky
Pantone 14-4811
#7BC4C4

(Misc refs):

^ Haberman, Maggie (30 July 2016). "Donald Trump Criticizes Muslim Family of Slain U.S. Soldier, Drawing Ire". New York Times. Retrieved 1 August 2016.

Quackery

In 2008, the Hindustan Times reported that some officials and doctors estimated that there were more than 40,000 quacks practicing in Delhi, following outrage over a "multi-state racket where unqualified doctors conducted hundreds of illegal kidney transplants for huge profits."^[1]^[1]

Wiki Stuff

Switcher Test - NFG

Test Words Test words Test words, every day, every day, every day, every day, every day, every day, every day, every day,

Abreviations

Wife 1

(m. 1970; div. 1991)

Lady 2 (esp. 1996; sep. 2012)

Age

birth_date = 1987 (age 36–37)

All pages containing

Anchor

Description for Template:Anchor

Format = display text

first visible words after Test Anchor 1

first visible words after Test Anchor 2

Go to Test anchor 0 (Section heading above)
Go to Test anchor 1 (above)
Go to Test anchor 2 (above)

Archive.org

Search Internet Archive.org for Testu-Brissy

Attribution within Wiki

Category link

Center

Metropolitan Museum of Art
The Met - New York City
Faith - 'Overpainted Coade stone'
by John Bacon the Elder. 1791

text

Cheat sheet - Help

Help:Cheatsheet

Circa

c. . . . . (vs ca.)

Circular reference

^{[circular reference]}

Citation needed

^{[citation needed]}

Citation needed span

text ... text... text^{[citation needed]}

The "Veliky" ("great") part was added to the city's name in 1999 to differentiate it from another city with a similar name, Nizhny Novgorod ("lower newtown").^{[citation needed]}

Text ... text ... Eleanor Coade.^[2] etc ...^{[citation needed]}

Better source.^{[better source needed]}

Dubious.^{[dubious – discuss]}

^ ^a ^b Ranjan Roy, Rajeev (3 February 2008). "After kidney scam, India eyes anti-quackery bill". Hindustan Times. Indo-Asian News Service. Retrieved 19 September 2021.
^ unsubstantiated stuff

CiteQuote

^{[This quote needs a citation]}

Clarify / relevance

Wikipedia:Please clarify

^{[clarification needed]}

The aircraft was wrecked once by Hugh Roberts, designer of the engine that powered the aircraft prior to competing in the Great Lakes Reliability Tour.^{[clarification needed]}

^[relevant?]

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Commons Category

Commons Category - search for / go to ... Pierre Testu-Brissy

Commons media

Media related to Montgolfier brothers at Wikimedia Commons

Confusing

Convert

Template:Convert
1,000 kilograms (2,200 lb) ... 1,000 kilograms (1.1 short tons) ... 1 tonne (1.1 short tons) ... 0.91 tonnes (1 short ton)
5 feet 9 inches (1.75 m) ... 10 metres (33 ft)... 200 metres (220 yd)
1,000 kilometres (620 mi) ... 1,000 square kilometres (390 sq mi) ... 1,000 cubic kilometres (240 cu mi) ...
25 °C (77 °F)
800 millimetres (31.50 in)
1,000 kilometres per hour (620 mph)
979 kilometres (608 mi) lap at an average speed of 50.7 kilometres per hour (31.5 mph)
fuel consumption of 35.8 miles per imperial gallon (7.9 L/100 km; 29.8 mpg_‑US)
ten metres per day (thirty feet per day) ...
5 feet 9 inches (1.75 m)
4.7 L (289 cu in)
4.7 litres (290 cu in)
730,000 hectares (1,800,000 acres)
998 cc (60.9 cu in)
84 mm × 90 mm (3.3 in × 3.5 in)
110 mph (177.0 km/h)
45 hp (33.6 kW)
430 lb (200 kg)
3.75 imp gal (17.0 L; 4.5 US gal)
6 imp pt (3.4 L)
14 May 1643
1 September 1715
25,778 days
26,689 days
72 years, 110 days
381 years, 198 days

Weight: 8.3 t (9.1 short tons)
Length: 14.75 m (48 ft 5 in)
Diameter: 1 m (3 ft 3 in)
Weight 1,550 kg (3,420 lb)
Power: 410 kW (550 hp)
Range: 78 km (42 nmi)
Speed: 22 km/h (12 kn)
Speed: 56 km/h (30 kn)
Depth: 80 m (260 ft)

Antelope vary greatly in size. For example, a male common eland can measure 178 cm (5 ft 10 in) at the shoulder and weigh almost 950 kg (2,100 lb), whereas an adult royal antelope may stand only 24 cm (9+1⁄2 in) at the shoulder and weigh a mere 1.5 kg (3+1⁄4 lb).

Coordinates

Map all coordinates using OpenStreetMap

Download coordinates as:

(Hover for interactive atlas.)

43°31′51″N 5°34′49″E / 43.530900046°N 5.5803630244°E / 43.530900046; 5.5803630244 (Croix de Provence) (and/or display=title)

51°30′12″N 0°09′05″W / 51.5032°N 0.151491°W / 51.5032; -0.151491 (Apsley House, No. 1, London.)

Copying within Wikipedia requires attribution

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Text and/or other creative content from [nil ] was copied or moved into [[]]. The former page's [ history] now serves to provide attribution for that content in the latter page, and it must not be deleted as long as the latter page exists.

Copyright stuff

Discuss

His^[discuss] mother was from a middle-class

his^[discuss] mother was from a middle-class

Disputed

Dubious

Dubious.^{[dubious – discuss]}

Explain

^{[further explanation needed]}

Foreign language link

Format text

Strike through : ~~Ons Jabeur~~

Gallery

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Inflation (UK)

£10,000 in 1788 : equivalent to £1,590,000 in 2023

Dubious?

£100,000 in 1210 : equivalent to £176,030,000 in 2023
£100,000 in 1300 : equivalent to £99,970,000 in 2023
£100,000 in 1500 : equivalent to £105,160,000 in 2023
£100,000 in 1600 : equivalent to £28,170,000 in 2023
£100,000 in 1700 : equivalent to £18,960,000 in 2023
£100,000 in 1800 : equivalent to £10,200,000 in 2023
£100,000 in 1900 : equivalent to £13,670,000 in 2023
£100,000 in 1950 : equivalent to £4,330,000 in 2023
£100,000 in 2000 : equivalent to £210,000 in 2023

a

Note ^[1](appears in reflist

b

1922 estate £224 2s 5d (equivalent to £15,500 in 2023 (appears inline

c ^[a] (Superscript link to e Notes: )?? Appears inline after c d

e Notes:

^ UK Retail Price Index inflation figures are based on data from Clark, Gregory (2017), "The Annual RPI and Average Earnings for Britain, 1209 to Present (New Series)", MeasuringWorth, retrieved 7 May 2024

f Refs:

^ UK Retail Price Index inflation figures are based on data from Clark, Gregory (2017). "The Annual RPI and Average Earnings for Britain, 1209 to Present (New Series)". MeasuringWorth. Retrieved 7 May 2024.

g

OR :

??? $10,000 offer ($100,000 in 2024)
??? $10,000 offer ($equivalent to £260,000 in 2,023 in 2024)

or :

Mercury Insurance reported that it had carried a total of $230,000^[a]

Notes:

^ equivalent to $2,500,000 in 2023

Inflation USA

$5 (equivalent to $91 in 2023).^[1]

Refs:

^ 1634–1699: McCusker, J. J. (1997). How Much Is That in Real Money? A Historical Price Index for Use as a Deflator of Money Values in the Economy of the United States: Addenda et Corrigenda (PDF). American Antiquarian Society. 1700–1799: McCusker, J. J. (1992). How Much Is That in Real Money? A Historical Price Index for Use as a Deflator of Money Values in the Economy of the United States (PDF). American Antiquarian Society. 1800–present: Federal Reserve Bank of Minneapolis. "Consumer Price Index (estimate) 1800–". Retrieved February 29, 2024.

Infobox - image switcher

42-46 High Street, Lurgan Display window Lurgan 2 Lurgan 3 Lurgan 4 Lurgan 5 Lurgan 6 Lurgan 7

Interlink

{{interlanguage ...

Gave de Jéret [fr] (Gave (placename element) - The French word 'gave' is a generic name referring to torrential rivers, in the west side of the Pyrenees. In the central part of the Pyrenees, the name neste has the same function.)

Bismarck ... intense with ... Marie von Thadden [de], married to one of his friends, Moritz von Blanckenburg [de]

Konrad Keilhack [de] (1858–1944)
Michael Barenboim [de; he]

}}

Leaving

For pity's sake - just go, slide away quietly, just stop ... oblivion ...... or ... if your ego really, really must ...

This editor has decided to leave Wikipedia.

.

Links - repeated

Per Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Linking#Repeated_links / MOS:REPEATLINK:

Generally, a link should appear only once in an article, but it may be repeated if helpful for readers, such as in infoboxes, tables, image captions, footnotes, hatnotes, and at the first occurrence after the lead. Citations stand alone in their usage, so there is no problem with repeating the same link in many citations within an article.

Location markers

[8] Location map template stuff
[9]

Oil or gas pump map icon.png

[10]

Blue pog.svg

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Maps

Infobox maps

Zaltbommel
Zaltbommel Location in Gelderland Show map of Netherlands Zaltbommel Zaltbommel (Gelderland) Show map of Gelderland
Coordinates: 51°48′N 5°15′E / 51.800°N 5.250°E / 51.800; 5.250 (Zaltbommel)

Netherlands

Cartagena

Cartagena
Cartagena Location in Murcia Show map of Murcia Cartagena Location in Spain Show map of Spain
Coordinates: 37°36′N 0°59′W / 37.600°N 0.983°W / 37.600; -0.983 (Cartagena)

Multi location maps

France

Significant places in the life of Émilie du Châtelet

Mapframe zoom

???? ????

image_caption = Area of Magellan Seamounts (clicking on map enables mouse over of the seamounts) }}

Million years ago

10 Ma (million years ago).
10 Ma (million years ago)

Multiple images

John Berney Crome, Woodland Scene

Detail of John Thirtle's frame

Goats again?

Footer text

Multiple image template

Basic time-of-flight principles applied to laser range-finding

Flying over the Brazilian Amazon with a LIDAR instrument.

Animation of a satellite collecting digital elevation map data over the Ganges and Brahmaputra River basin using lidar.

Neat

Aviator's Certificates awarded
in 1910 (1–38)	in 1911 (39–168)	in 1912 (169–382)	in 1913 (383–719)	in 1914 (720–1032)

Notes

^{[Note 1]}

^[a]

==Notes

^ text text text text ...

^
Areas of the brain and functions affected:
- cerebral cortex – thought, perception and language;
- limbic cortex – emotions and behavior;
- hippocampus – memory;
- midbrain and basal ganglia – movement;
- brain stem – sleep, alertness, and autonomic dysfunction;
- olfactory cortex – smell.
Also affected are the hypothalamus, spinal cord and peripheral nervous system — autonomic dysfunction.^[2]^[3]

NoWiki

Non-formatted text

Nowrap

1930–1952: M.G. Car Company Limited

Null

??

. .. ... .... ?

Page needed

^{[page needed]}

Panoramic views (Show)

Panoramic views of Astoria in the early 20th century
Photograph of Astoria c. 1912
Photograph of Astoria c. 1914
Photograph of Astoria c. 1915

Poem, floating translation

Heut' in der Nacht
Hab' ich hoch am Berg gewacht,
Denn dort droben kann ich sein
Mit dem Herrgott ganz allein.

Heut' in der Nacht
Hab' ich hoch am Berg gedacht:
Unsere Welt wär' öd und leer
Wenn der Herrgott nicht wär.

Tonight
I kept watch high on the mountain,
because up there I can be
all alone with the Lord God.

Tonight
I thought high on the mountain:
Our world would be desolate and empty
If it wasn't for the Lord God.

Quantify

^[quantify]

Quotation

Tom, Mary
— He said, She said, "Text text text"

the most accomplished counterfeiter in the kingdom, .... so nice an artist of dies that it galled him to spoil their perfection by use.
— (Sir John Craig - Newton at the mint.)

Dear M. Rousseau, .... can we count on the patronage of Le Vélo Cite error: There are <ref> tags on this page without content in them (see the help page).

Redirect

Redirect Robert brothers
Redirect Ohara Koson
REDIRECT Andachtsjodler

From an alternative name: This is a redirect from a title that is another name or identity such as an alter ego, a nickname, or a synonym of the target, or of a name associated with the target.
- This redirect leads to the title in accordance with the naming conventions for common names to aid searches and writing. It is not necessary to replace these redirected links with a piped link.
- If this redirect is an incorrect name for the target, then {{R from incorrect name}} should be used instead.

REDIRECT Ctenosaura similis

Script^super_sub

CO₂
CO²

See (sectionlink)

... the seminal results that led to the Dinosaur Renaissance (see § "Dinosaur renaissance").
Dinosaur#"Dinosaur_renaissance" ???

§ Better source

Slideshow

From the SSW
From the SSW
The south end of Steamboat Rock
Confluence of the Green and Yampa Rivers below the east wall of Steamboat Rock
From the southwest
From the west
Earliest known image of Steamboat Rock (1871)

Stack

Stack stuff

stack 1

stack 2

stack 3

stack 4

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thumb right 1

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thumb left 1

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Template

Template:Cite web

Text format

Strikethrough : ~~Ons Jabeur~~

Translation

piped text :de wiki: Horley Motor & Engineering|

its equivalent in the French language Wikipedia

Talk page

Partial translation (Romanian)

Useful stuff

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Template:Uw-vandalism1

WP:Administrator intervention against vandalism {{IPvandal|IP address}} reason --~~~~

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Wiki Library

WikiSource

New International Encyclopedia - 1909, re Montgolfier brothers
Bouillet at WikiSource
This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Montana". Encyclopædia Britannica (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press.

===Misc refs bucket

^ ^a ^b National Archives 1331.
^ Kosaka 2017, Orimo S, Chapter 9, p. 113.
^ Ref Text

Herbert Morris (1864-1931)

Herbert Morris (wrong man. For other wrong people named Herbert Morris, see Herbert Morris (disambiguation).)
Herbert Morris Cranes
Herbert Morris and Bastert

All Sources via : Grace's Guide to British Industrial History.

Gracesguide.co.uk Herbert Morris (1864-1931)

Gracesguide.co.uk Herbert Morris and Bastert

Herbert Morris (1864-1931) Herbert Morris (d.1931) of Herbert Morris

c.1864 Born in Dalston, London

1884 Started in London as a pulley block and crane manufacturer. (Source : Ref 1: "Nottingham Evening Post" - Monday 27 April 1931)

1881 Living at Grove House, Merton Road, Wimbledon: John S. C. Morris (age 51 born Camberwell), Publisher. With his wife Caroline Morris (age 41 born Finsbury) and their children John L. Morris (age 19 born Dalston), Landscape Painter(?); Herbert Morris (age 17 born Dalston) Clerk To Publisher; Catherine G. Morris (age 15 born Holloway); Caroline D. Morris (age 12 born Holloway); Stanley Morris (age 10 born Lydemain, Kent); Montague Morris (age 8 born Lydemain, Kent); Stella J. Morris (age 7 born Lydemain, Kent); Cecil Morris (age 4 born Wimbledon); and Valentine G. Morris (age 1 born Wimbledon). Three Servants. (Source : Ref 2 : 1881 Census )

1891 Living at Lansdowne Place, Croydon: Herbert Morris (age 20 born London), Mechanical Engineer. Also a visitor Frank Bastert (age 29 born Germany), Mechanical Engineer and his wife Charlotte Bastert (age 26 born Leeds). Two servants. Also a visitor Harry Barnes (age 14 born Penge]]. Source : Ref 3 : 1881 Census )

1911 Living at Lub Cloud, Loughborough: Herbert Morris (age 47 born London), Managing Director of Ltd Company. Engineer (Cranes). With his wife (married 19 years) Eva Morris (age 42 born Hastings) and their children Carline Morris (age 18 born Croydon); Freda Morris (age 16 born Blackheath); Herbert Morris (age 13 born Woodford); John Morris (age 11 born Syston); Frank Morris (age 9 born Loughborough); and Dorothy Morris (age 5 born Shepshed). Four servants. (Source : Ref 4 : 1911 Census )

1931 Died at Nice

Source : 1931 Obituary, "The Engineer" 1931/05/08

IT is with regret that we have to announce the death of Mr. Herbert Morris, the founder, chairman and managing director of Herbert Morris, Ltd., of Loughborough.

Mr. Morris, who died recently at Nice, was educated at Bedford Grammar School, after leaving which be assisted his father, a distinguished civil servant, in the carrying on of a business directory.

It was in 1884 that he founded the engineering business of Herbert Morris, Ltd., at Loughborough. In the early years of the undertaking he was joined by Mr. Frank Bastert, who retired in 1911.

The business grew from small beginnings to one of the largest in the world devoted exclusively to the manufacture of lifting and conveying machinery. It had subsidiary companies in Canada, France, and America, and agencies in many other countries.

Mr. Morris took no part in public life, and did not associate himself with any scientific societies or technical institutions. Had he not been a man of such a quiet and retiring disposition, there is no doubt that he would have become known as one of the great industrialists of his age. He was closely identified with the developments of his company, both on the technical and commercial sides, and his great intellectual gifts were undoubtedly large factors in advancing the extended use of the many lifting and conveying plants and schemes with which his company was associated.

Source : 1931 Obituary. "Engineering" 1931/05/086

"THE LATE MR. HERBERT MORRIS The losses sustained by the engineering profession by the death of notable members of it, which we have regretfully to record from time to time may he broadly divided into two classes both creative it may be said, and comprising the inventor and the organiser. An outstanding name in the latter roll has been removed by the death, on April 25, of Mr. Herbert Morris, the founder, chairman and managing director of the well-known firm of Messrs. Herbert Morris, Limited, Loughborough.

Born in 1864, the son of a distinguished civil servant, Mr. Morris was educated at Bedford Grammar School, and on leaving there gained an insight into the conditions of industry by assisting his father in the publication of the Business Directory which the latter founded. Attracted, no doubt, by the openings, offered by the adoption of specialisation and standardisation, then not very widely appreciated, Mr. Morris, in 1884, founded the business which hears his name, to manufacture pulley blocks. He was joined later by Mr. Frank Bastert, whose name was incorporated in the firm’s title for some time. Mr. Bastert, however, retired in 1911. Pursuing the policy of identifying the firm with a particular branch of the engineering industry, Mr. Morris confined manufacture to lifting appliances, using this term in its widest sense to include runways, conveyors and crane-work, in which transport is the corollary to lifting. To what extent the business prospered under him it is scarcely necessary to remind engineers, but it may be noted that the finely equipped works which grew out of small beginnings were fully described in a series of articles in these columns of which the first was published in Engineering, vol. cxxiii, page 311 (1927). Mr. Morris was closely associated with both the technical and commercial sides of the organisation he had founded, and his quiet determination contributed, amongst other things, to the standardisation of overhead cranes. His interests were largely confined to his business, and, in consequence, we do not find his name associated with any of the technical institutions, or, indeed, with the public life of his locality, a condition, it may safely be said, due to a retiring disposition and not to any inherent want of ability."

Evelyn Hamilton (cyclist)

Classic lightweights - Hamilton, Evelyn

We Love Cycling - The Mystery of Evelyn Hamilton. By Tereza Antonova, June 27, 2019

YouoTube - Evelyn Hamilton Long Distance Cyclist (1935) (British Pathé)

YouTube - Wheeling Along (1934) (British Pathé)

The Guardian, Lael Wilcox on her record-breaking attempt to be the fastest woman to cycle round the world

Arnold Bouma

Source Nederlands wiki

Arnold Bouma ( Groningen , September 5 , 1932 - December 16, 2011 ) is a Dutch geologist known for the Bouma sequence , a sequence used to characterize turbidites . [1]

Biography Arnold Bouma went to HBS in Groningen from 1944 to 1951 . In 1956 he received his Bachelor of Science degree in geology from the University of Groningen . He obtained his MSc from Utrecht University in 1959 . in geology, sedimentology and paleontology and a PhD in sedimentary geology in 1961 . In 1966 he and his family emigrated to Texas , United States , where he was appointed professor of oceanography . [2]

Bouma is most famously and unintentionally the namesake of the Bouma sequence , an idealized sequence of sedimentary facies , which can be recognized in a turbidite . Bouma-A to Bouma-E each represent a different part of this form of mass transport .

During his life, Arnold Bouma wrote many publications and became the undisputed expert in the field of these deep - sea sediments .

Sources, notes and/or references http://www.legacy.com/obituaries/theadvocate/obituary.aspx?n=Arnold-Bouma&pid=155113507 Biography on the website of Texas A&M University Category :Dutch geologist

Source: German wiki

Arnold H. Bouma

Arnold Heiko Bouma (born September 5 , 1932 in Groningen ; † December 16, 2011 ) [1] was a Dutch geologist.

Bouma attended the public school in Groningen and studied geology at the University of Groningen from 1951 to 1956 , obtaining a diploma from the University of Utrecht in 1959 , where he received his doctorate in sedimentology in 1961. As a post-doctoral fellow he was at the Scripps Institute of Oceanography in 1962/63 . He then taught at Utrecht University and from 1966 to 1975 at Texas A&M University . From 1975 to 1981 he was a research geologist for marine geology at the US Geological Survey. From 1981 to 1985 he was at Gulf Oil Company (Gulf Research and Development Company in Harmarville (Pennsylvania) and Houston). After Gulf Oil was acquired by Chevron in 1985, he was with Chevron Oil Field Research Company in Houston and La Habra, California. In 1988 he became a professor of petroleum geology at Louisiana State University .

Bouma is considered a pioneer of turbidite research. The typical layer sequence of turbidites is named after him ( Bouma sequence ).

He was editor of Marine Geology from 1963 to 1966 and Geo-Marine Letters from 1980 to 2000 .

Literature Alexander E. Gates: A to Z of Earth Scientists, Facts on File 2003 References Arnold H. Bouma Obituary. In: The Advocate. December 19, 2011, accessed April 18, 2022 .

Muriel Howorth

Muriel Howorth
??? everybodywiki com ??? Muriel_Howorth Muriel Howorth at EverybodyWiki ???

Muriel Howorth (born 1887-1971) was the English founder of the Atomic Gardening Society, author, and atomic gardening advocate.

Biography She grew up in Bishop Auckland, County Durham and graduated from the Royal Academy of Music before turning to work in the film industry. It was here that she invented an early picture and film recording device called a Talkiefone, and founded and led the Women's International Film Association.

During the Second World War, Howorth lived in Eastbourne and employed with the Ministry of Information as well as the Royal Aircraft Establishment. She reported in her personal records receiving a letter in 1948 inquiring after her interest in atomic energy. Howorth then proceeded to check out Frederick Soddy's The Interpretation of Radium and found herself a believer in atomic energy. Howorth began to explore and advocate for the use of atomic energy within the home.

One notable moment in Howorth's atomic exploration was in 1959, where she served irradiated North Carolina peanuts to multiple members of the scientific community. However, they were unimpressed with the unusually large peanuts. Howorth viewed these mutated nuts as an achievement towards feeding the undernourished with atomic energy. Howorth then planted the remaining peanuts in her garden, where they grew quicker and larger than regular standards. The attention gained by the nuts motivated Muriel to self-publish her book Atomic Gardening and founded the Atomic Gardening Society to advocate for her cause of atomic power in the home, one of the most notable members being Albert Einstein. Despite the massive spike in interest in atomic gardening, enthusiasm dwindled as the mutations were difficult to produce and generally undesirable. While Howorth's outlook on atomic gardening was unique, the idea of atomic gardening was not a new idea to the scientific community. While the possibilities of atomic gardening were explored by multiple different organizations, it was generally accepted to have little use. This, along with Howorth's dwindling health led to a decline of interest in atomic gardening and the Atomic Gardening Society remained generally inactive.

Howorth also spent time as a science fiction writer, exploring the generally speculative, and therefore fictional, possibilities of atomic power. One of her more notable novels being Atom and Eve in 1955, which was aimed towards women and encouraged them to venture into the world of atomic power. Howorth's other works varied within the same theme of futuristic infrastructure and scientific advancement and their uses in the home.

Across all fields of work, Howorth consistently encouraged women to make a space for themselves within male dominated fields. While her work might not have made a large impact scientifically, her related female activism did.

References [1] [2] [3] [4]

This article "Muriel Howorth" is from Wikipedia. The list of its authors can be seen in its historical and/or the page Edithistory:Muriel Howorth. Articles copied from Draft Namespace on Wikipedia could be seen on the Draft Namespace of Wikipedia and not main one.

MacVeigh, M (July 2018). "Muriel Howorth and the Atomic Gardening Society: Writing Food Futures". Seeds: Proceedings of the Oxford Symposium on Food and Cookery. 1918 (3): 187. doi:10.1108/00070700510586506. ISSN 0007-070X. Retrieved 2 March 2023.
Johnson, Paige (December 2012). "Safeguarding the atom: the nuclear enthusiasm of Muriel Howorth". The British Journal for the History of Science. 45 (4): 551–571. doi:10.1017/S0007087412001057. ISSN 0007-0874. Retrieved 2 March 2023.
Johnson, Paige. "Atoms for Women: the Atomic Enthusiasms of Muriel Howorth". Atomic Gardens: An Online History. Retrieved 2 March 2023.
Tegan. "Muriel Howorth and the Atomic Garden – Plants and Pipettes". Plants and Pipette. Retrieved 2 March 2023

1996 eruption of Gjálp

1996 eruption of Gjálp

Iceland hotspot

Almannagjá

https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Almannagj%C3%A1

File:Almannagjá, Þingvellir National Park.jpg

Réservoir de Montsouris

Le réservoir de Montsouris, achevé en 1874 sous la désignation « réservoir de la Vanne1 », puis nommé « réservoir de Montrouge2,3 », est l'un des cinq principaux réservoirs d'eau de la ville de Paris. L'ouvrage, implanté dans le 14e arrondissement, alimente en eau toute la partie sud de la ville. Depuis 2010, il est géré par la société Eau de Paris.

Helmut Tributsch

Horumersiel

Vindbelgjarfjall

65°37′27″N 17°03′54″W / 65.62428186074679°N 17.06505374440977°W (Vindbelgjarfjall) (and/or display=title)

Pierre-Alexandre Vignon

La Madeleine, Paris

New Draft - Pierre-Alexandre Vignon

Pierre-Alexandre Vignon, (1763 - 1828) was a French neoclassical architect.

Source :fr: * fr: Pierre-Alexandre Vignon,

Pierre-Alexandre Vignon is a French neoclassical architect born in 1763 and died in 1828 .

===Biography

Pierre-Alexandre Vignon, born in Paris onOctober 5, 1763is the son of Pierre Vignon (Lagny, 1712 - Paris, 1787), prosecutor at the Parliament of Paris and Catherine Compagnon (ad. 1742 - Paris, 1798) 3 . In the years 1785-1788, he studied at the Academy of Architecture with Julien-David Leroy . He is also a student of Claude Nicolas Ledoux , by whom he is certainly very appreciated. Indeed, theNovember 12, 1806, a week before his death, Ledoux made him his executor and bequeathed him half of his property 4 .

In 1790 he was appointed to the General Inspectorate of Public Workshops and architect of the Arsenal.

THESeptember 14, 1792, the National Legislative Assembly decides that the future National Convention, which can no longer hold a meeting in the Salle du Manège, will sit at the Château des Tuileries in the Salle des Machines, the former hall of the Théâtre-Français . She entrusted Pierre-Alexandre Vignon with the design and responsibility for the developments essential to this new function 5 . But, shortly after, Vignon had to give up his place to Jacques-Pierre Gisors , supposedly for a question of greater simplicity of layout and lower cost of the latter's project, according to the report of two architects commissioned by the Committee of room inspectors to compare projects 6 . Vignon reacted vigorously to this sidelining at the instigation of Minister Roland, and proclaimed his indignation in a petition addressed to the Assembly 7 . He demands compensation, which he partially obtains.October 25, 17928 .

InOctober 1793, still single, he lives at Place du Museum 9 , probably in official accommodation at the Louvre.

In year II, during 1794, P.-A. Vignon was appointed general inspector of public buildings and had authority over the work of the Louvre, the Tuileries, the Invalides and all the monuments of Paris. He is, in this context, responsible for installing weapons workshops in the former convents of the Capuchins and Feuillants, as well as the National Printing Office at the Hôtel de Toulouse, known as Hôtel de Penthièvre, former Hôtel de la Vrillière in Nivôse year III 10 . His place as inspector general being coveted by the friend of an eminent politician, he withdrew from this function and devoted himself to studies and a few projects until the consultation concerning the Madeleine 11 building .

Amélie Vignon (1800-1870), his eldest daughter, married Alexandre-Louis Badenier (1793-1889), an architect who became a student of her father-in-law. In 1833 Badenier drew and exhibited a view of the Madeleine to note the changes made to this monument since its design by Vignon, who died 5 years earlier 12 . In 1844 he also designed a project to bring together the Louvre and the Tuileries 13 .

===Works

For Empress Joséphine , in 1805 he built the large greenhouse at Malmaison , in collaboration with Jean-Thomas Thibault . “With a length of 50 meters it is backed by a building housing lounges which also serve as a gallery for the collections of Greek vases and from where you can admire the plants. Heated by large coal stoves, its exceptional dimensions make it possible to accommodate shrubs up to 5 meters high under a very large surface of glass 14 . »

In 1806 , he was responsible for drawing up plans for a vast building which was to take the place envisaged for a new Madeleine church and which was to house the Bank of France , the Commercial Court and the Paris Stock Exchange .

===Church of the Madeleine in Paris

This project was abandoned at the end of 1806 and it was decided to build instead, in the same place, a temple to the glory of the soldiers of the Grande Armée (First Empire) .

Vignon took part in the architectural competition organized on this occasion and proposed a building of Greco-Roman inspiration, peripterous , finally chosenMay 30, 1807by Napoleon I on the battlefield of Tilsitt, against the advice of the Imperial Academy which had retained the project of Mr. de Beaumont 15 . The demolitions and the first implementations begin quite quickly. But the end of the Empire, the decision of Louis XVIII to make the building an expiatory church, the Restoration and the unrest of 1830 slowed down and sometimes stopped the work 16 . After Vignon's death in 1828 , Jean-Jacques-Marie Huvé , initially works manager, who became chief inspector of the Madeleine works in 1817, took over management of the site which was not completed until 1842 , the date on which The Church of Madeleine 17 is consecrated . The Madeleine church is classified as a Historic Monument onMay 20, 191518 .

Stanley A. Tyler

Geologist Stanley A. Tyler first examined the area in 1953 and noticed its red-colored stromatolites.
Gunflint chert

Torfajökull

Torfajökull 870 1477

Coade stone

Coade stone
South Bank Lion ...

A second, similar Coade stone lion was removed from the Lion Brewery when it was demolished. It stood on an arched gateway leading to a second brewery site on the south side of Belvedere Road, on the corner of Sutton Walk. It was presented to the Rugby Football Union in 1971, its centenary season, by the Greater London Council and unveiled in 1972. It is now located above the central pillar of the Rowland Hill Memorial Gate (Gate 3) to the west of Twickenham Stadium. It was covered in gold leaf when England hosted the 1991 Rugby World Cup.

The(main) lion was originally mounted on the parapet of James Goding's Lion Brewery on the Lambeth bank of the River Thames; Hungerford Bridge spanned the Thames nearby from 1845. The Lion Brewery closed in 1924 and the building was demolished in 1949, to make way for construction of the Royal Festival Hall as part of the Festival of Britain. The lion was removed, revealing the initials of the sculptor William Frederick Woodington and the date, 24 May 1837, under one of its paws. It was painted red as the symbol of British Rail, and mounted on high plinth beside the entrance to the Festival of Britain near Waterloo station.

Source: Victorian Web - The other South Bank Lion - Twickenham

The Rugby Union Lion, William Frederick Woodington (1806-1893)

manufactured - 1837, Coade stone

Approx. 120 (h) x 150cm (w)

Twickenham Rugby Football Ground, Twickenham

An inscription on a bronze plaque gives the history of this magnificent gilded lion, explaining that it was made of Coade stone, like the bigger one of Woodington's that stands on Westminster Bridge, and stood in front of the Lion Brewery in Lambeth from 1837 until the site was cleared for the Royal Festival Hall in 1948. Like the Westminster Bridge version, it was preserved "at the express wish of King George IV." [Commentary continues below.]

Setting: the whole gate , The larger lion on Westminster Bridge.

Photograph and text by Jacqueline Banerjee, 2013.

You may use this image without prior permission for any scholarly or educational purpose as long as you (1) credit the photographer and (2) link your document to this URL.

In April 1972, this lion was presented to the Rugby Football Union on behalf of the Greater London Council. The presentation marked the centenary of the Union, which was actually established in 1871, after the graduates of Rugby and other public schools had refused to be bound by the rules drawn up by the Football Association in 1863, about some of the key points of the game as they played it — about not handling the ball, for instance.

The lion itself is more aggressive-looking than the Westminster Bridge one, so makes a good mascot for a sport that was often thought too violent by the late Victorians. Its gilding and height make it particularly impressive, though the tall pier itself is more recent. The latter is dedicated to the memory of Sir George Rowland Hill, who became President of the Union in 1904 and was re-elected twice. The ensemble was relocated to this spot in 1994, after the stadium's redevelopment.

Bibliography

Crego, Robert. Sports and Games of the 18th and 19th Centuries. Westport, CT: Greenwood, 2003. Print.

"Mrs Coade's Stone." ntlworld.com. Viewed 17 May 2013. (Note though that this says the Rugby Union lion is the larger of the two” by Woodington, which is not the case.)

"Rugby Union Lion.". PMSA (Public Monuments & Sculpture Association). Web. 17 May 2013.

Weinreb, Ben et. al. The London Encyclopaedia. 3rd ed. London: Macmillan, 2008.

Source - Wikipedia - Lion Brewery Co#Lion statues

There were originally three Coade Stone lion statues created for Lion Brewery by W.F. Woodington, a notable sculptor of the era.^[1] The most famous of these lions was the one that sat atop the brewery parapet. Just before the building was demolished, King George VI ordered that it be preserved, along with its surviving sibling lion which stood over one of the brewery gates. Both remain in London until this day. The one from the roof of the brewery is now known as the South Bank Lion, and can be found opposite the Houses of Parliament at the south end of Westminster Bridge. The other coade stone lion is now located at the west-gate entrance of Twickenham Stadium, the home of rugby. It was painted with gold leaf prior to the 1991 Rugby World Cup held in England.^[2]

ref "8 Secrets Of The South Bank Lion". Londonist. 2016-09-06. Retrieved 2019-05-30.</ref>

Draft - Coade stone #Examples

Twickenham Stadium, located above the central pillar of the Rowland Hill Memorial Gate (Gate 3).

(51°27′19″N 0°20′35″W / 51.45536464°N 0.3429844877°W / 51.45536464; -0.3429844877)

The Twickenham lion was sculpted in Coade stone by William F. Woodington in 1837 as one of a pair that decorated the Lion Brewery on the south bank of the river Thames at Lambeth.

The Lion brewery was damaged by fire and closed in 1931, and then demolished in 1949 to make way for the Royal Festival Hall.^[2]

The lion was painted with gold leaf prior to the 1991 Rugby World Cup held in England.^[2]

==References...

^ "8 Secrets Of The South Bank Lion". Londonist. 2016-09-06. Retrieved 2019-05-30.
^ ^a ^b ^c "The famous golden lion at Twickenham". ESPN.co.uk. Retrieved 2019-05-29.

Coade - Egyptian House, Penzance

Egyptian House, Penzance

Eugénie Tripier Le Franc

Voila, Emma Kok

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KdIhq1tb8Co https://celebcritics.com/emma-kok-disease-what-happened-to-her-stomach/ wiwibloggs.com › 2021/01/30 › voila-lyrics-englishBarbara Pravi: Voilà lyrics in English - France Eurovision 2021

French text Écoutez moi Moi la chanteuse à demi Parlez de moi À vos amours, à vos amis Parler leur de cette fille aux yeux noirs et de son rêve fou Moi c’que j’veux c’est écrire des histoires qui arrivent jusqu’à vous C’est tout

Voilà, voilà, voilà, voilà qui je suis Me voilà même si mise à nue j’ai peur, oui Me voilà dans le bruit et dans le silence

Regardez moi, ou du moins ce qu’il en reste Regardez moi, avant que je me déteste Quoi vous dire, que les lèvres d’une autre ne vous diront pas C’est peu de chose mais moi tout ce que j’ai je le dépose là, voilà

Voilà, voilà, voilà, voilà qui je suis Me voilà même si mise à nue c’est fini C’est ma gueule c’est mon cri, me voilà tant pis Voilà, voilà, voilà, voilà juste ici Moi mon rêve mon envie, comme j’en crève comme j’en ris Me voilà dans le bruit et dans le silence

Ne partez pas, j’vous en supplie restez longtemps Ça m’sauvera peut-être pas, non Mais faire sans vous j’sais pas comment Aimez moi comme on aime un ami qui s’en va pour toujours J’veux qu’on m’aime parce que moi je sais pas bien aimer mes contours

Voilà, voilà, voilà, voilà qui je suis Me voilà même si mise à nue c’est fini Me voilà dans le bruit et dans la fureur aussi Regardez moi enfin et mes yeux et mes mains Tout c’que j’ai est ici, c’est ma gueule c’est mon cri Me voilà, me voilà, me voilà Voilà, voilà, voilà, voilà

Voilà

English translation Listen to me Me, the wannabe singer Talk about me To your loves, to your friends Tell them about this girl with black eyes and her crazy dream Me, what I want is to write stories that reach you That’s all

Here, here, here, here I am, Here I am even if stripped naked I am afraid, yes Here I am in the noise and in the silence

Look at me, or at least what’s left Look at me, before I hate myself What to tell you, that another’s lips won’t tell you It’s not much but all that I have I drop it there, that’s it

Here, here, here, here is who I am, Here I am even if stripped bare it’s over It’s my mouth, it’s my cry, here I am too bad Here, here, here, here I am my dream, my desire, like I’m dying, like I laugh at it Here I am in the noise and in the silence

Don’t go, I’m begging you stay a long time It may not save me, no But to do without you I don’t know how Love me as we love a friend who goes away forever I want us to love me because I don’t know how to like my outlines

Here, there, here, here I am, Here I am even if exposed it is finished Here I am in the noise and in the fury too Look at me, finally, and my eyes and my hands All that I have is here, it’s my mouth, it’s my cry Here I am, here I am, here I am Here we are, here we are, here we are

Here

Self-portrait in a Straw Hat

Self-portrait in a Straw Hat Done

Self-portrait in a Straw Hat (French: Autoportrait au chapeau de paille, Dutch: Zelfportret met strohoed) is a self-portrait by the French painter Élisabeth Vigée Le Brun,

University of Pennsylvania, Vigee Le Brun memoirs

Alice Weiwers

Alice Weiwers

^[1]
Tennis Forums

WEIWERS, ALICE Luxembourg/France Born 17 August 1910 in Luxembourg Died ???? Name variant: "Weivers". [Active as early as 1934 to 1949]

Source WEIWERS, ALICE

Luxembourg/France Born 17 August 1910 in Luxembourg Died ???? Name variant: "Weivers". [Active as early as 1934 to 1949]

The greatest female tennis player Luxembourg has produced, Weivers was the 1941 and 1942 French champion during the war years of World World II, when international play was limited.

Weivers visited the Riviera annually from 1934, gaining in confidence every year. Her all court game suddenly came together in 1939 and her results bloomed. Alice upset world top tenner Simone Mathieu to win in Monte Carlo. By the end of the Riviera season she had bagged 5 singles titles. Even more remarkable was her doubles partnership with Cosette St Omer Roy. Together the pair won 14 titles, dominating the circuit. She also was part of the longest women's singles in memory on Cote d'Azur, being on the losing end of a 56 game marathon to Gracyn Wheeler in the semis at the Gallia Club. Wheeler won 11-13 11-9 7-5. Weiwers had 3 match points in the second set.

In 1941 she was living on the French Riviera. That year she won the triple crown at the French Championships (called the Tornoi de France). In 1942 Alice repeated her win in singles and doubles.

1943 saw her reign end, as she was beaten 6-1 7-5in the final by Simone Lafargue. Alice nonetheles won the mixed-bagging 6 Tornoi de France titles out of 9 possible trophies from 1941 to 1943.

Alice proved her quality both before and after the war in reaching the last 8 of the French in 1939 again in 1946. She lost to Simone Mathieu 6-3 6-3 in 39 and Margaret Osborne 6-3 6-2 in 1946. Both Mathieu and Osborne went on to win at Roland Garros in those years.

Weivers entered Wimbledon in 1939, 1947 and 1948. Her singles record there was 5-3.

Titles

Won at least 25 titles-the first in 1936 at Cannes and the last at Monté Carlo in 1946

[From the article "Roland Garros At War"]

The winner of the initial two women’s French championships was Alice Weiwers of Luxembourg. When I ask Raymonde [Veber] her impressions of Alice, she puffs out her cheeks, spreads her arms, and sneers, “Fat.” “We were not especially friendly,” she adds, unnecessarily. French Rankings

1939-#4 1942-#1 (co-ranked with Mme Lafargue) 1946-#4 1947-#3

Sources:

[Article on Roland Garros at war] Roland Garros at War - SBNation.com

Archive - Draws Archive : Alice Weiwers - 2015 Wimbledon Championships Website - Official Site by IBM

The Golden Days of Tennis on The French Riviera: 1874-1939. (2014) by Alan Little (see chapter on 1939-photo on page 295)

[Thanks to Rollo for this information] See less The greatest female tennis player Luxembourg has produced, Weivers was the 1941 and 1942 French champion during the war years of World World II, when international play was limited.

Weivers visited the Riviera annually from 1934, gaining in confidence every year. Her all court game suddenly came together in 1939 and her results bloomed. Alice upset world top tenner Simone Mathieu to win in Monte Carlo. By the end of the Riviera season she had bagged 5 singles titles. Even more remarkable was her doubles partnership with Cosette St Omer Roy. Together the pair won 14 titles, dominating the circuit. She also was part of the longest women's singles in memory on Cote d'Azur, being on the losing end of a 56 game marathon to Gracyn Wheeler in the semis at the Gallia Club. Wheeler won 11-13 11-9 7-5. Weiwers had 3 match points in the second set.

In 1941 she was living on the French Riviera. That year she won the triple crown at the French Championships (called the Tornoi de France). In 1942 Alice repeated her win in singles and doubles.

1943 saw her reign end, as she was beaten 6-1 7-5in the final by Simone Lafargue. Alice nonetheles won the mixed-bagging 6 Tornoi de France titles out of 9 possible trophies from 1941 to 1943.

Alice proved her quality both before and after the war in reaching the last 8 of the French in 1939 again in 1946. She lost to Simone Mathieu 6-3 6-3 in 39 and Margaret Osborne 6-3 6-2 in 1946. Both Mathieu and Osborne went on to win at Roland Garros in those years.

Weivers entered Wimbledon in 1939, 1947 and 1948. Her singles record there was 5-3.

Titles

Won at least 25 titles-the first in 1936 at Cannes and the last at Monté Carlo in 1946

[From the article "Roland Garros At War"]

The winner of the initial two women’s French championships was Alice Weiwers of Luxembourg. When I ask Raymonde [Veber] her impressions of Alice, she puffs out her cheeks, spreads her arms, and sneers, “Fat.” “We were not especially friendly,” she adds, unnecessarily. French Rankings

1939-#4 1942-#1 (co-ranked with Mme Lafargue) 1946-#4 1947-#3

Sources:

[Article on Roland Garros at war] Roland Garros at War - SBNation.com

Archive - Draws Archive : Alice Weiwers - 2015 Wimbledon Championships Website - Official Site by IBM

The Golden Days of Tennis on The French Riviera: 1874-1939. (2014) by Alan Little (see chapter on 1939-photo on page 295)

[Thanks to Rollo for this information] See less

Misc refs

^ Tennis Forums Page 187

Nicolas Céard

Nicolas Céard, French Engineer, built the Simplon Pass for Napoleon.
fr: Nicolas Céard He left the Royal School of Bridges and Roads in 1769 . One of his first assignments took him to Versoix , the Kingdom of France's only access to Lake Geneva , to the Port-Choiseul site. In 1774, he bought an estate there and married a Genevan , Françoise Massé. From 1784 to 1786, he was employed in the construction of the ports of Cherbourg , Le Havre and Honfleur . In 1791, he was appointed chief engineer of Ain . During the Terror , he was forced to emigrate to Switzerland ; there, he produced the plans for numerous works of art, in particular those for the port ofOuchy and the Saint-Antoine bridge in Vevey as well as the Serrières bridge in Neuchâtel in 1789, which will be built between 1807 and 1810.

Back in France, he was appointed chief engineer of the new department of Lake Geneva in 1798. Then, he was commissioned by Napoleon Bonaparte to build the Simplon Pass road between 1801 and 1805 . The direction of the work is entrusted to him on October 17 , 1800with the following words:

" Familiarized as you are with major works, your long experience in this part has inspired me with a great deal of confidence in the lights that you cannot fail to shed on this project, which, I do not hide it from you, presents great obstacles to overcome. » When Napoleon writes that, you are notable.

Herman Epenstein

Herman Epenstein, de: Herman Epenstein

Hermann Epenstein (* 1850 or 1851 in Berlin ; † June 5 , 1934 in Mauterndorf ), from 1910 until the abolition of the nobility in Austria in 1919 Hermann Epenstein Knight of Mauternburg , was a German-Austrian doctor, merchant, lord of the castle and godfather of Hermann Göring .

Kathy Joseph

Vichy (tissu)

Vichy (fabric), Vichy (tissue), Vichy (disambiguation) woven pattern in cloth, cf in English language : Gingham
fr:Vichy (tissu) (French)
Vichy (fabric) [fr],

Alphonse Beau de Rochas

Alphonse Beau de Rochas needs much work.

(9 April 1815, Digne-les-Bains, Alpes-de-Haute-Provence – 27 March 1893, Vincennes) was a French engineer.

de: Alphonse Beau de Rochas superior.
fr: Alphonse Eugène Beau superior.

Note: 1886-Nicolaus Otto lost his patent rights when Rochas patent was discovered

Richard T. Wetherald

Richard T. Wetherald, Richard Wetherald, Climate scientist, Meteorologist. 1936-2011?.

Strathmore Who's Who, Meteorologist. Professional of the Year for 2007 in Meteorology Research.

Born March 28, 1936, Plainfield, New Jersey. Died 2011.

Syukuro Manabe, awarded the 2021 Nobel Prize in Physics jointly with Klaus Hasselmann and Giorgio Parisi, for his contributions to the physical modelling of earth's climate, quantifying its variability, and predictions of climate change.

Marienfluss Valley

Daria Abramowicz

Source: Iga Swiatek

Świątek also works with sports psychologist Daria Abramowicz and fitness trainer/physiologist Maciej Ryszczuk.^[1]^[2]^[3]^[4]

Auguste MP of Bavaria

Auguste MP of Bavaria Ornithologist
de: Auguste M. P. von Bayern

Source :de: wiki

Auguste Marie Philippa Princess of Bavaria (born October 11, 1979 in Landsberg am Lech ) is a German ornithologist.

Auguste of Bavaria is the eldest daughter of Beatrix and Luitpold Prince of Bavaria . She lives at Leutstetten Castle not far from Starnberg and is married to the lawyer Ferdinand Prinz zur Lippe-Weißenfeld . In 2013 she became the mother of a son. [1]

O.T.A.V. 1905-1908

O.T.A.V., Turkheimer
Officine Turkheimer Automobili e Velocipedi, Milan
de: Officine Turkheimer per Automobill e Velocipedi
it: OTAV
Source: G.N. Georgano The Complete Encyclopedia of Motorcars. 1885 until the present (1973).

The O.T.A.V. voiturette, or Turkheimer as it was known in its early years, was powered by an air-cooled, single-cylinder engine of 5.5hp. There were two cooling fans, one in the normal position ahead of the engine, and another, crankshaft driven, in a housing in the crankcase. Epicyclic gears provided 2 forward speeds, driving through 2 belts. The O.T.A.V. single was current until 1908, but there was also a 10hp twin with 3 forward speeds, and in 1907 a full sized 4-cylinder, 2.8 litre machine that may have also counted as a Junior, for in the year that the firm became associated with the Fabbrica Junior Torinese Automobili (Junior F.J.T.A., de: Fabbrica Junior Torinese Automobili), who were known for commercial vehicles.

Source: Grace's Guide to British Industrial History. O.T.A.V.^[5]

File:Im19080912AJ-OTAV.jpg

September 1908. At the Essex Motor Club run. Dick Turpin rides again. The O.T.A.V. voiturette which secured a gold medal in the Essex Motor Club's 24 hour's run to York and back, which was reported in our last week's issue.

O.T.A.V. or OTAV stood for Officine Turkheimer per Automobili e Velocipedi, of Milan (1905 - 1908). Founded by Max Turkheimer, who also made bicycles and motorcycles.

1905-08 Automobile made in Italy

Source: de:wiki Officine Turkheimer per Automobill e Velocipedi

==Infobox

Società Anonima Officine Turkheimer by Automobile and Velocipedi

legal form Spa

founding 1905

resolution 1908

Seat Milan , Italy

Management Max Turkheimer

industry car manufacturer

(Images: Two OTAV automobiles in Milan, Share of Officine Türkheimer per Automobili e Velocipedi from 1907)

==Intro
The Società Anonima Officine Turkheimer per Automobill e Velocipedi was an Italian manufacturer of automobiles.

==Company history

Max Turkheimer, who had been manufacturing bicycles since 1888, founded the company for the production of automobiles in Milan in 1905. The brand names were Turkheimer and OTAV for the small model, and just OTAV for the large model. In 1907 he worked with Junior F.J.T.A.. Production ended in 1908. The company also distributed Turgan Foy vehicles (de: Turgan, Foy et Cie).

==Vehicles

The first model was a compact car, offered under both brands, and sold well. The air- cooled single-cylinder engine had an output of 4 hp at the beginning of the construction period and 5.5 hp at the end. The design-related top speed was given as 35 km/h. Power was transmitted to the rear axle by belts.

The 18/24 HP was added as early as 1906. The four-cylinder engine , which consisted of two cylinder blocks, had a displacement of 2800 cm³, dual ignition, a three-speed gearbox and shaft drive.

In 2019, a preserved vehicle from 1905 was offered for sale. Classic Car.com :-

1905 VERY RARE OTAV 5,5 HP, BODIED BY CASTAGNA, SOLD

Very rare OTAV 5, 5 hp, bodied by Castagna, one cylinder, two spark plugs, two belt drive on the back wheel, original gearbox, air cooled engine, English rare plate, running conditions, full of history and documents (books, magazines, pictures, papers from VCC of England, etc), one of only two surviving in the world (one is in Paraguay), very old british plate BC55 as reported in many books and magazines

==Literature
Harald H. Linz, Halwart Schrader : The International Automobile Encyclopedia . United Soft Media Verlag, Munich 2008, ISBN 978-3-8032-9876-8 .
George Nick Georgano : The Beaulieu Encyclopedia of the Automobile, Volume 2 G-O. Fitzroy Dearborn Publishers, Chicago 2001, ISBN 1-57958-293-1 (English)
Author collective: Encyclopedia of the automobile. Brands · Models · Technology. Weltbild Verlag, Augsburg, 1989
Axel Witula: Le più belle azioni d'epoca Portafoglio Storico, Bologna 2016, ISBN 978-8895848105 (Italian)

==Web links
Commons : OTAV – Collection of images, videos and audio files

GTÜ Society for Technical Monitoring Ltd. (accessed February 12, 2012)

Max Turkheimer

Source: Grace's Guide to British Industrial History. Max Turkheimer.^[6]

Max Turkheimer began producing motorcycles in 1902 and is perhaps best known for the Moto Astra. The company was a main agent for Ariel, and concurrently advertised Moto Derad.

Prior to building his own, Turkeimer had been importing Hildebrand & Wolfmüller motorcycles since 1894

Manufactured O.T.A.V. motorcycles and cyclecars before WWI.

Source: Ancestry.com [Ancestry.com Wrong Max. Born in Münzesheim,,Baden,Germany on 19 Nov 1878 to Moses Turkheimer and Rosa Odenheimer. Max Turkheimer passed away on 30 JUN 1944 in Auschwitz, Poland.

Source: Cybermotorcycle.com Cybermotorcycle.com Max Turkheimer Better source, the right Max.!

Turkheimer Motorcycles

Hildebrand-Max-Turkenheimer.jpg

Max Turkheimer on a Hildebrand & Wolfmuller c.1894

A Brief History of the Italian Entrepreneur

Max Turkheimer (Moses Max Türkheimer, b. Germany 1860) moved to Italy with his family as a boy. Turkeimer had been importing Hildebrand & Wolfmuller motorcycles since 1894.

He began producing motorcycles in 1902 and is perhaps best known for the Moto Astra. The company was a main agent for Ariel Motorcycles, with whom he had a close relationship - he was a shareholder in Charles Sangster's company, and that relationship continued when Jack Sangster took over from his father. Max concurrently advertised Moto Derad. His company also built O.T.A.V. cyclecars from 1905 to 1908, and Stella motorcycles 1924 to 1927.[1,2]

Alberico Seiling was Italy's general representative for Max Turkheimer. Francesco Vincenzo Lanfrachi of Florence worked with Turkheimer before creating his own business in 1913, and later created the FVL marque.

Türkheimer died in 1936 and his cousin, also named Max Türkheimer, briefly took the reins. He died in Auschwitz.[3]

Otav-1908-Voiturette.jpg

O.T.A.V. Voiturette 1908

Stanley Show 1908

Junior and Otav Car Co.

117 Long Acre, W.C. Stand No. 300.

This firm are showing a number of the little "Otav" voiturettes, which have been previously described in The Review. Their great feature is, of course, their price, which is only 95 guineas. They have a 5 H.P. air-cooled engine, the cylinder being jacketed, and the air being forced through by a powerful fan. The engine drives by chain to a countershaft placed across the car and carrying a two-speed epicyclic gear. From the countershaft the drive to the road wheels is by " V " belts. The car behaved distinctly well in the Auto-Cycle Club run to York and back some months ago. We understand that the car is selling well, and it is certainly an interesting type of vehicle.

Notes

OTAV - Officine Turkheimer Automobili e Velocipedi There are several Stella marques - see: Disambiguation

Max Turkheimer, Wrong Max again. Son of Moses Turkheimer and Rosa Odenheimer was born in Muenzesheim in Germany on November 19, 1878. Arrested in Lenno (Como), he was interred in Fossoli concentration camp in Emilia-Romagna, as was Primo Levi. He was deported to Auschwitz on 26/06/1944. He did not survive the Shoah.

Sources: Moto di Lombardia, The Motor Cycle, nomidellashoah.it, Tragatsch p80, et al

==References

^ Rossingh, Danielle (3 October 2020). "Focused Swiatek is up for Halep challenge". Roland Garros. Archived from the original on 6 October 2020. Retrieved 5 October 2020.
^ Nguyen, Courtney (5 October 2020). "How Swiatek's sports psychologist honed her mental game". WTA Tennis. Archived from the original on 10 October 2020. Retrieved 5 October 2020.
^ Futterman, Matthew (7 February 2021). "The Brain Within the Brain of a Rising Tennis Queen". The New York Times. Archived from the original on 7 February 2021. Retrieved 7 February 2021.
^ Warzecha, Sebastian (6 June 2022). "Poznajcie współtwórcę sukcesów Igi Świątek. Sylwetka Macieja Ryszczuka" [Meet the co-creator of Iga Świątek's successes ...]. Weszło (in Polish). Retrieved 2 January 2023.
^ Grace's Guide to British Industrial History. O.T.A.V.
^ Grace's Guide to British Industrial History. Max Turkheimer.

Hangar à dirigeables d'Écausseville. Aéroplume

Écausseville airship hangar
fr: Hangar à dirigeables d'Écausseville
Écausseville (Population:103)
How much helium does it take to lift a person? (Tom Scott)
fr: Aéroplume Aéroplume L' Aéroplum invention de Jean-Pierre David, 2012

Swiantek speed

Source: WTA May 19, 2022 Inside the rise of Iga Swiatek: Blistering forehands and unmatched aggression

When she won Roland Garros in 2020, Swiatek averaged the highest topspin forehand winners among women, around 3,200 revolutions per minute. At one point in the final against Sofia Kenin, she blistered one at a Rafa-esque 3,453 rpm. At the same time, Swiatek was hitting it harder, on average, than any woman in the draw. Her fastest, 79 miles per hour, was exceeded only by Jannik Sinner on the men’s side. Her fastest backhand was clocked at 76 mph, the same as Dominic Thiem, the fastest male.

Ventas rumba

Latvia, Ventus rumba, Venta rapid, widest waterfall in europe
Venta Rapid Ventas rumba

McPeake, Francis

Francis McPeake redirects to Wild Mountain Thyme
Francis McPeake, (‘Francie’) (1917–1986)
Francis McPeake, ('The Elder') (1885–1971)
Wild Mountain Thyme
Main ref : "Irish Dictionary National Biography"^[1]

McPeake, Francis (‘Francie’) (1917–86), piper, was born 20 January 1917 at 43 Malcolmson Street, Belfast, the son of Francis J. McPeake (1885–1971), piper and tram conductor, and Mary McPeake (née Loney). ... IDNB verbatim... ...^[1]

The elder Francis McPeake was born 4 May 1885 at 2 Springview Street, Belfast, the son of James McPeake, a labourer (who sang and played the flute), originally from Ballymacpeake, (Maghera), Curran, Co. Derry, and Elizabeth McPeake (née McPeake) from Belfast. At thirteen years of age he left school and started working in a linen mill, ... IDNB verbatin... ...^[1]

www.McPeakemusic.com /heritage How It All Started... 1885-1969

1885 Francis McPeake I was born on 5th May 1885 in 2 Springview St, Belfast. Ireland

1904 Francis McPeake I starts being tutored on the Uilleann pipes by blind piper John O'Reilly. He begins to sing with the pipes.

As a young boy Francis I witnessed an Uilleann Piper playing which made an indelible mark on him, and he began a quest to discover what this 'weird and wonderful' instrument was. ... source ... www.McPeakemusic.com /heritage (verbatim)

Musicianbio.org Clan McPeake This family from Belfast, Northern Ireland, were at onetime, the only real exponents from the uillean pipes in the north. Especially important in the 50s and 60s, these were incapable or unwilling to cross in to the more lucrative industrial marketplace. The McPeakes still perform and perform at folk night clubs and festivals. The initial trio of Francis McPeake (b. 4 Might 1885, Belfast, North Ireland; uillean pipes, d. 17 March 1971), Francis McPeake II (b. 20 January 1917, Belfast, North Ireland; uillean pipes, d. 7 July 1986), and Wayne McPeake (b. 9 August 1936, Belfast, North Ireland; harp), got Irish folk music to Russia in 1959, and earned the Welsh International Eisteddfod in 1958, 1960 and 1962. ... source ... ( verbatim) Musicianbio.org Clan McPeake

Reflist

^ ^a ^b ^c Dictionary of Irish Biography, McPeake, Francis (‘Francie’), ((1917–86), piper) Contributed by uí Ógáin, Ríonach

Helen Glover

Helen Glover

Beach Sprint Rowing

In October 2022 Glover competed in the women's single class (CW1x) of the 'Beach Sprint' finals held at Saundersfoot in Pembrokeshire, Wales, organised by World Rowing. Although the event was truncated on safety grounds due to severe weather, she won the silver medal behind the New Zealand Olympian Emma Twigg who took gold. The event includes sprinting on the beach to the water's edge, launching directly out to sea and rounding a buoy marker, before returning to shore and sprinting to the finish line.

World Rowing Beach Sprint. Coastal Women’s Solo (CW1x), Silver. British Olympian gets silver despite racing cut short at rowing champs,^[1]
World Rowing Beach Sprint. Pembrokeshire event can hoist coastal rowing to new level, says Olympian^[2]
World Rowing ^[3]

===References

Tannforsen

Tannforsen, largest waterfall in Sweden
nl: Tännforsen, de: Tännforsen, sv: Tännforsen
2000 miles to my house in Sweden ... Dani Connor Wild
European Waterfalls, Tannforsen

San Boldo Pass

San Boldo Pass

Andachtsjodler

Andachtsjodler, Devotional chant ( / yodel?)
de: Andachtsjodler
Youtube 1
Youtube 2
Youtube 3 - How to silence an Irish pub

:de: Andachtsjodler ... Devotional yodel

Andachtsjodler, Devotional yodel, (also: Sterzinger Andachtsjodler , Mettenjodler , Rauhnachtjodler , Jodlerandacht (yodel prayer) ) is an untexted spiritual yodelling song from South Tyrol that has its origins in the liturgical environment of Christmas mass. Today it is used in both liturgical and secular contexts, especially in Bavarian-Austrian folk music.

===History

The folklorist Friedrich Haider opined that the yodel in its present form came into being at the end of the 18th or beginning of the 19th century. [1] ^[1]

Records state that the song was still sung in Sterzing (South Tyrol) in 1830 at Christmas mass as an appendix to a shepherd's song (Christmas carol) [2]. ^[2]

According to de: Konrad Fischnaler, it was still heard there in 1850 during the conversion from the Holy Ghost hole (de: Heiliggeistloch). [1] ^[1]

Nevertheless, it appeared at the onset of Cecilianism but soon became largely forgotten. It was rediscovered by the Berlin high school teacher de: Max Pohl (1869-1928) within the Wandervogel movement. Annette Thoma used the yodel in her de: Deutschen Bauernmesse (German Farmers' Fair) (1933). The 'Salzburg Advent Singing' (de: Salzburger Adventsingen) also contributed to the yodel's popularity, as it is sung by both the participants and the audience.[3] ^[3]

===Score

${ \clef violin \key g \major \time 4/8 << { \stemUp \autoBeamOff b'4 b'8 d''8 a' 2 c''4 c''8 e''8 b'2 d''4 d''4 g'' 4. fis''16 e''16 d'' 8 c''8 a'8 c''8 b' 2 \bar ":|." } \addlyrics { Tjo, tjo i ri, tjo, tjo i ri, tjo tjo ri ri -- di, ho e tjo i ri. } \\ { \stemDown \autoBeamOff g'4 g'8 b' fis'2 a'4 a'8 c'' g'2 b'4 b' e''4. d''16 c'' b' 8 a' fis' a' g'2 \bar ":|." } >> }$

The notation follows the two-part version by folksong researcher Karl Liebleitner (1858–1942) from 1921, which corresponds to the Sterzing variant. [2]^[2] According to Friedrich Haider, there are also other variants from the de: Pflerschtal (from de: Gossensaß westwards) and the Pfitscher Tal (from Sterzing eastwards). [1]^[1]

===Performance

In more recent times, the devotional yodel is usually performed in three voices, often with instrumental accompaniment. [4]^[4]

In some releases, the traditional yodeling lyrics are followed by a newly added four-stanza poem of unknown author. [5] ^[5]

It is unclear whether this additional text should be sung to the yodel melody or whether it has its own melody. In the Liederkiste , a free online songbook, it is referred to as "Alternative Text". [6] ^[6]

Male choirs sometimes sing it in four parts to the yodel melody. [7] ^[7]

===Example verses

Tonight

I kept watch high on the mountain,

because up there I can be

all alone with the Lord God.

Tonight

I thought high on the mountain:

Our world would be desolate and empty

If it wasn't for the Lord God.

Last night

I opened my heart, I

told the Lord God about

the misery in the world.

Last night

he kindly brought me comfort.

Below rests the quiet valley up there

little stars without number.

Heut' in der Nacht

Hab' ich hoch am Berg gewacht,

Denn dort droben kann ich sein

Mit dem Herrgott ganz allein.

Heut' in der Nacht

Hab' ich hoch am Berg gedacht:

Unsere Welt wär' öd und leer

Wenn der Herrgott nicht wär.

Heut' in der Nacht

Hab' mein Herz ich aufgemacht,

Hab' dem Herrgott erzählt

Von dem Jammer auf der Welt.

Heut' in der Nacht

at er freundlich Trost mir 'bracht.

Drunten ruht das stille Tal

Droben Sternlein ohne Zahl.

===References

^ ^a ^b ^c Friedrich Haider: Tiroler Volksbrauch im Jahreslauf. 3. Auflage. Tyrolia, Innsbruck/Wien, Athesia, Bozen 1990, ISBN 3-7022-1578-6, S. 441 f.
^ ^a ^b Karl Liebleitner: Jokl, Hiasl, Hansl, Michl. In: de: Das deutsche Volkslied 23 (1921), ZDB-ID 543061-6, S. 76–77. Zitiert nach: Brigitte Mantinger: Der Andachtsjodler. In: Vierteltakt. Kommunikationsinstrument des Oberösterreichischen Volksliedwerkes. Jg. 2007, Nr. 3 (November), S. 2.7–2.11, hier S. 2.8 ([https://www.ooegeschichte.at/media/migrated/bibliografiedb/der_andachtsjodler.pdf OoeGeschichte Der andachtsjodler.pdf]).
^ Karl Zillinger: Salzburger Weihnacht. Sutton, Erfurt 2013, ISBN 978-3-95400-206-1, S. 25 ([1], p. 25, at Google Books).
^ Als Beispiel ein Dreigesang mit Begleitung einer Harfe.
^ So bei Brigitte Mantinger: Der Andachtsjodler. In: Vierteltakt. Kommunikationsinstrument des Oberösterreichischen Volksliedwerkes. Jg. 2007, Nr. 3 (November), S. 2.7–2.11, hier S. 2.9 Youtube.
^ Der Andachtsjodler mit Alternativtext. Abgerufen am 20. Dezember 2017.
^ Andachtsjodler und Weihnachtsglocken. Bericht in der Badischen Zeitung vom 20. Dezember 2011. Abgerufen am 22. Dezember 2017.

===External links

Andachtsjodler - Wachauer Adventsingen 2019 (Youtube)
Voice of Nature - Andachtsjodler (Youtube)
Informal Performance in Ireland (Youtube)

Charles Oldrieve

Charles Oldrieve Charles W Oldrieve, 1868-1907,
Walk on water
Waterways Journal 2019/08/19 He Walked On Water From Cincinnati To New Orleans

Azores impact crater (or Magma uplift )?

NoName crater??
BBC Fried Egg' may be impact crater, 2009
Softpedia Atlantic Depression May Be an Impact Crater
Archaeologica.org
Not Nadir crater

Compagnie Générale des Transports Automobiles

Compagnie Générale des Transports Automobiles, Compagnie Internationale des Transports Automobiles^[1], CITA, Boulogne-Billancourt manufacturer of electric vehicles during the Belle Epoque.
de: Compagnie Générale des Transports Automobiles
La Jamais Contente, no. 25?, by CITA
Camille Jenatzy, Belgian
Harald H. Linz, Halwart Schrader : The International Automobile Encyclopedia . United Soft Media Verlag, Munich 2008, ISBN 978-3-8032-9876-8 .
^[1] George Nick Georgano (Editor): The Beaulieu Encyclopedia of the Automobile. Volume 2: GO. Fitzroy Dearborn Publishers, Chicago 2001, ISBN 1-57958-293-1 . (English)

Karin Sigloch

Karin Sigloch

Research snippets

Otago Witness: 1908
Over-view: Over view.com
Spooklights : Radio 4 Andrea Sella investigates will-o'-the-wisps

Lacets de Montvernier

Nancy Doyle

Nancy Doyle, (Annie Gertrude Doyle): Legendary Irish Chef at Lords Cricket ground.
The Irish Independent, The Mullingar Mrs Doyle who silenced England's cricket captain Pic: Nancy Doyle at Lord’s after being awarded an honorary MBE in 1994. Ger Siggins,

A small, feisty woman from Mullingar looms large in the mythology of Lord's. Annie Gertrude Doyle, always known as Nancy, was the cook who served the players' dining room for more than 35 years up to her retirement in 1996.

England cricket captain, Mike Brearley, had approached Nancy again, to suggest that a lunch of: soup, starter, roast lamb with roast potatoes, chips and vegetables, dessert (with a choice of custard, cream or ice cream) and cheeseboard was not ideal refuelling for an afternoon of professional sport.

"Tell you what, Michael," she spat, drawing herself up and stabbing her forefinger into his chest, like a woodpecker at a tree, "I won't tell you how to fecking bat if you don't tell me how to fecking cook. OK?"

Cricinfo 1995, Wisden - Unsung heroes, who make first-class cricket possible, 1995. Last year, NANCY DOYLE was made an honorary MBE and received her honour inside the Long Room at Lord's, which was a far more appropriate setting than Buckingham Palace. Her domain, however, is upstairs, where she is manageress of both the players' and committee dining rooms.

Kaiserpreis 1907

Gorges de Daluis

Gorges de Daluis

Gorge du Cians

Gorge du Cians, Cians

List of longest WTA winning runs

A win streak of more than 40 WTA singles matches has been achieved 10 times in the Open Era.

1. Navratilova won 74 matches during 1984. Sukova beat her in the Australian Open.

2. Graf won 66 matches from 1989 into 1990. Seles beat her in the final of Berlin.

3. Navratilova won 58 matches in 1987. Mandlikova beat her in the 1987 Australian Open final.

4. Court won 57 matches in 1972. Billie Jean King beat her in Indianapolis.

5. Evert won 55 matches in 1974. Goolagong beat her in the semifinals of the US Open.

6. Navratilova won 54 matches in 1983. Mandlikova beat her in Oakland in January 1984.

7. Graf won 46 matches in 1988. Shriver beat her in the Virginia Slims Championships.

8. Graf won 45 matches in 1987. Navratilova beat her in the Wimbledon final.

9. Chris Evert won 41 matches in 1975 and 1976. Navratilova beat her in Houston.

10. Navratilova won 41 matches in 1982. Shriver beat her at the 1982 US Open

11. Martina Hingis won 37 matches in 1997 - Dubious

12. Monica Seles won 36 matches from 1990 - dubious

13. Venus Williams won 35 matches in 2002, from Wimbledon to the Linz Open

14. Serena Williams won 34 matches winning in the 2013 season.

15. Justine Henin won 32 matches in 2007/8, from the Rogers Cup to the Wimbledon semis and to the 2008 Australian Open. dubious.

16, Serena Williams won 26 matches in 2015, from the Australian Open until the Madrid Open.

	Player	Wins
1.	/ Martina Navratilova	74 (1984)
2.	Steffi Graf	66 (1989–90)
3.	/ Martina Navratilova	58 (1986–87)
4.	Chris Evert	56 (1974)
5.	/ Martina Navratilova	54 (1983–84)
6.	Steffi Graf	46 (1988)
7.	Steffi Graf	45 (1987)
8.	Chris Evert	42 (1975–76)
9.	/ Martina Navratilova	41 (1982)
10.	/ Martina Navratilova	39 (1982–83)

Voisin

Needs work / clarification

Clément-De Dion

Clément-Rochelle ??

Clément Cycles, Clément & Cie

Cecil Compton Paterson

BHO

Bowerchalke[12]

Nicola Pietrangeli Stadium

Comte Charles de Breteuil

Dr John Crandon

Scurvy
John Crandon, scurvy, Boston, surgeon, self-experimenter, 1939-1940, 28 Apr 1912, Boston,- 7 Mar 2004, Massachusetts
New England Journal of Medicine, NEJM, Sept 5 1940. No. 10, Experimental Human Scurvy (John H Crandon, M.D., Charles C Lund, M.D.
See also William Stark (physician) died 1770 after only eight months living exclusively on honey puddings and Cheshire cheese.
source: Find a grave. [13] Dr John Howland Crandon, BIRTH 28 Apr 1912, Boston, Suffolk County, Massachusetts, USA. DEATH 7 Mar 2004 (aged 91), Brookline, Norfolk County, Massachusetts, USA, BURIAL Forest Hills Cemetery and Crematory, Jamaica Plain, Suffolk County, Massachusetts, USA

Adolph Carl von Rothschild

Brusselton incline

Abram Camp Pheil

The Benoist XIV pictured taking off for the first time on January 1, 1914

Abram C Pheil (bef. 1867 - 1922)

The worlds first customer aircraft passenger - Tampa to St Petersburg, Florida. 1914

WikiTree

Thames Ironworks and Shipbuilding Company

Source: de: Wiki

de: Thames Ironworks and Shipbuilding and Engineering Company#Automobilbau (1906–1911)
Automobile manufacture (1906–1911)

Thames 50hp (1908)

Cars of all sizes were built under the Thames name. The engines ranged from a single-cylinder engine with 1,295 cm³ to a six-cylinder in-line engine with 10,520 cm³. The vehicles were known to be rather sedate, only the 60 hp from 1908 brought a sporty touch to the extensive model range. This car broke almost all contemporary land speed records at Brooklands .

In 1911, the construction of passenger cars was given up and the company concentrated on commercial vehicles in addition to shipbuilding.

Car models

Model	Years	Cylinders	Displacement	Wheelbase
45 hp	1906	6 In-line	6983 cm³	3200 mm
15 hp	1908	2 In-line	1961 cm³	2743 mm
24 hp	1908–1910	4 In-line	3840 cm³	2896 mm
50 hp	1908	6 In-line	7780 cm³	3353 mm
60 hp	1908	6 In-line	9656 cm³	3353 mm
80 hp	1908	6 In-line	10520 cm³	3962 mm
8 hp	1910–1911	1	1295 cm³	2337 mm
12 hp	1910–1911	2 In-line	1961 cm³	2438 mm
15,9 hp	1910–1911	4 In-line	2413 cm³	2896 mm
45 hp	1910	6 In-line	7780 cm³	3353 mm
50 hp	1910	6 In-line	9539 cm³	3962 mm
25 hp	1911	4 In-line	3563 cm³	3048 mm
60 hp	1911	6 In-line	9539 cm³	3962 mm

Commons : Thames Ironworks and Shipbuilding Company - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Literature

David Culshaw & Peter Horrobin: The Complete Catalog of British Cars 1895-1975 . Veloce Publishing plc. Dorchester (1999). ISBN 1-874105-93-6

Source : Georgano Complete Encyclopedia of Motorcars, 1885 - Present (1975)

Thames (GB) 1906-1911

Thames Ironworks, Shipbuilding and Engineering Co, Ltd,London, East

Said to have been the origin of Milwall Football Club, the Thames Ironworks have been makers of steam and petrol engined commercial vehicles since 1902.

At the 1906 Olympia Show they exhibited a large 45hp, 6 cylinder car with a shaft drive.

By 1908 a 15hp twin and a 24hp four had been added to the range, as well as a larger six 60hp.

One of the latter, driven by Clifford Earp, took a number of records at Brooklands in 1907 and 1909. These included all class records from 50 to 300 miles, and from one to three hours.

In 1910 the Thames range was at its largest, consisting of an 8hp single cylinder car with worm drive, a 12hp twin which was often made in taxicab form, a 15.9hp monobloc four, and 24 and 60hp sixes.

After 1911, only commercial vehicles were made. GNG

La Vie au grand air

La Vie au grand air was an illustrated French sports magazine from April 1, 1898 until April 15, 1922. Publication was interrupted by World War 1 from August 2, 1914 (no. 828) until June 15, 1916 (no. 829). Pierre Lafitte initially published twice monthly, then weekly, then quarterly after WW1.

François Blanc

François Blanc needs work. Semaphore scam.
fr: François Blanc
de: Francois Blanc
fr: Télégraphe Chappe, (Télégraphe Chappe), Claude Chappe

Dorset - Lost/Plague villages?

Jack Hargreaves [14]

Deserted medieval village

Dorset's Lost Villages and What They Have in Common [15]

Bardolfeston Deserted village of Bardolfeston Wikidata; Puddletown

Lazerton Stourpaine

Six abandoned lost Dorset villages]

Bardolfeston. Where Bardolfeston village was. ...

Lazerton. Not a lot is known, near Stourpaine in North Dorset. ...

Middleton/Milton. ...

Modbury. ...

Tyneham. ...

Winterborne Farringdon.

List of lost settlements in the United Kingdom#Dorset

Dorset-ancestors Dorset’s Lost Villages Jan 24th, 2012 by Dorset Ancestors.

In his landmark study of 1954 ‘The Lost Villages of England’ landscape historian Maurice Beresford cites nineteen places in Dorset where a village had existed in the middle ages, but was later abandoned.

Tyneham,

Holworth

Milton Abbas,

old Milton then disappeared beneath a new ornamental lake.

Moor Crichel was moved

Kingston Russell

Cerne Valley

Pulston (A&B);

Herriston (A&B);

Cowden and

Charlton.

Piddle valley

Combe Deverel and

North and South Louvard.

North Winterborne valley

West Philipston,

West Nicholston.

Bardolfeston,

Knowlton,

Sixpenny Handley - Minchington,

Didlington

Lazerton.

Winterborne Farrington

Modbury

Holworth

West Burton and

West Ringstead

Sturthill

Colber

Gatemerston

Century Engineering

Century Engineering (1885-1907)
de: Century Engineering

Draft

Century, Century Engineering & Motor Co, was a British manufacturer of motorised tricyles and automobiles from 1899 until 1907.

==History In 1885 Ralph Jackson founded the Ralpho bicycle business in Altrincham in Cheshire, but by 1899 there were roughly 160 cycle makers within a 2 mile radius of Manchester city centre. In 1899 he founded 'Century Engineering & Motor Co Limited' to manufacture automobiles. The first vehicle, a powered tricyle tandem, achieved such success locally and in the Aberdeen-London trial (£12,000 orders) that Jackson and his new partner Sidney Begbie moved the business and manufacturing to Willesden, London, and opened holborn showrooom.

1899 he began manufacturing motor tricycles and automobiles in Willesden from 1899, closely based on components from the French Aster company.

23 April–12 May – the Automobile Club of Great Britain (RAC) staged a Thousand Mile Trial, a reliability motor rally over a circular route from London to Edinburgh and return.(The original 1000 Mile Trial was organised by the Royal Automobile Club in 1900. It started in London and followed a route through Bristol, Birmingham, Manchester, Derby, Kendal, Carlisle, Edinburgh, Newcastle, Leeds, Sheffield, Nottingham and back to London. There were 83 entries of which 65 actually started.) ^[2]

^[3] ==History Ralph Jackson manufactured Ralpho bicycles at Altrincham in Cheshire from 1885. ^[4]

In 1901 Jackson left the company, returned to Altrincham and founded Eagle Engineering de: Eagle Engineering, building and selling the identical motor tandem until 1907.

Source:

Graces Guide.

^[5] Century of Willesden Junction, London

See Ralph Jackson

1899-1907 produced automobiles

1901 February. Letter. Secretary is Arthur W. Heard.[1]

1902-05 Produced motorcycles

This firm was best known for its Tandem model. This was a fairly typical and cumbersome machine of forecar design.

1904 The company used a 5hp Aster engine, driving a countershaft by chain. The rear axle was driven by one of two chains, to give high and low speeds. A lever on the right acted as steering, by moving it to and fro. There were also some controls that the passenger could reach. Also listed was a tradesman's carrier model.

1905 A steering wheel appeared as the standard fitting for a car, but the make soon vanished as the cyclecar took over. Also used Minerva and MMC engines

Source:

de: Century Engineering

Century Engineering & Motor Co Limited

Founding 1885

Demise 1907

Location Willesden, London

Management Sydney Begbie

Industry car manufacturer

Century tricycle from 1899

Century Engineering was a British manufacturer of automobiles . [1] [2]

Company

Ralph Jackson began producing bicycles at Altrincham in Cheshire in 1885 . In 1899 he founded Century Engineering & Motor Co Limited to manufacture automobiles. In 1901 Jackson left the company and founded Eagle Engineering de: Eagle Engineering. Under the direction of Sydney Begbie, the company moved to Willesden near London, and in 1904 it was renamed Century Engineering Co Limited . From 1905 the brand name was New Century . Production ended in 1907.

Vehicles

The first model was the Century Tandem , a tricycle with the single wheel at the rear. It was initially equipped with a single-cylinder engine with an output of 2.25 hp . In 1901 there were three different single-cylinder built - in engines to choose from: De Dion-Bouton with 3.5 hp, Aster and Motor Manufacturing Company with 5 hp each. From 1905 a two- cylinder engine was installed. In 1903, conventional four-wheeled cars appeared. The 8 HP and 10 HP models were fitted with Aster twin cylinder engines, and the 22 HP modelwith a four-cylinder engine from Mutel . In 1906 the four-cylinder Princess model with 16 hp was added.

Three vehicles from this brand occasionally take part in the London to Brighton Veteran Car Run .

Literature
Harald H. Linz, Halwart Schrader : The International Automobile Encyclopedia . United Soft Media Verlag, Munich 2008, ISBN 978-3-8032-9876-8 .
George Nick Georgano (Chefredakteur): The Beaulieu Encyclopedia of the Automobile. Volume 1: A–F. Fitzroy Dearborn Publishers, Chicago 2001, ISBN 1-57958-293-1. (englisch)
George Nick Georgano: Autos. Complete encyclopedia. 1885 to the present day. Courtille, Paris 1975. (französisch)
David Culshaw, Peter Horrobin: The Complete Catalogue of British Cars 1895–1975. Veloce Publishing PLC, Dorchester 1997, ISBN 1-874105-93-6. (englisch)

Commons : Century Engineering - Collection of images, videos and audio files

GTÜ Society for Technical Monitoring mbH (accessed on April 1, 2013)

Harald H. Linz, Halwart Schrader : The International Automobile Encyclopedia . United Soft Media Verlag, Munich 2008, ISBN 978-3-8032-9876-8 .

Georgano: The Beaulieu Encyclopedia of the Automobile.

Source

Ralpho

Manchester’s Suburban Cycle Makers July 22, 2016, by Joshua Butt

It has become increasingly apparent that researching the early motor industry also involves an exploration of the cycle industry and its customers. A few blogposts ago I did a brief analysis of the Manchester and Salford cycle industry. However, this blog looks outwards at Manchester’s suburban cycle makers, exploring the links between them and the early motor industry. The suburban areas are the surrounding towns that make up what is now Greater Manchester, such as Stockport, Altrincham and Eccles.

Manchester’s suburban trade directories show some interesting trends in cycle making in the suburbs. Firstly, as can probably be expected, in more residential areas around Manchester there were fewer cycle makers. In 1899 there were roughly 160 cycle makers (some of these agencies) within a 2 mile radius of the city centre. Outside of this radius there were only 25 cycle makers.

Significantly amongst these 25, 17 were situated in towns south of Manchester, in the richer suburbs. Affluent middle-class towns such as Altrincham had as many as 4 cycle makers, while Wilmslow, Sale and Heaton Moor had two each; whereas working-class towns such as Stockport had none. This probably shouldn’t come as a surprise. Cycling in Victorian Britain was a rich persons past-time, bicycles being outside the price range of the working-class, who would have had to spend several months worth of wages to be able to afford one. Towns such as Altrincham, Sale and Wilmslow were also situated next to the Cheshire countryside, very popular with cyclists, both then and now.

====Ralph Jackson A few of these suburban cycle makers also turned to motor manufacture. Was this an attempt to cater for the changing hobbies of their local punters who were switching from cycling to motoring? James Bowen cycle maker of Heaton Moor was one. The other was Ralph Jackson, the maker of “Ralpho” Cycles in Altrincham, one of the earliest of Manchester’s cycle makers to experiment with motor vehicle production. Prehaps Jackson was looking to get ahead of this 3 local rivals. Jackson formed Century Engineering and Motor Company in 1899, producing the first finished vehicle, the Century Tandem by November 1899 where it appeared for the first time at the Stanley Cycle Show.

Century Tandem, 1900, this model took part in the 1,000 mile trial. Century Tandem, 1900, this model took part in the 1,000 mile trial. The tandem had some interesting features, and clearly showed Jackson’s 15 years experience in the cycle industry. Notice in the image the cycle tubing, the driver’s sprung saddle, the cycle wheels and the cycle gearing. Novel though, was the well-sprung and rather conformable looking front passenger seat, the petrol tank housed under the passengers head! Steering was done by a lever, which was presumably moved backwards and forwards to turn either left or right. Braking was especially crude on the Century Tandem; the rear mudguard was pushed by the driver’s heel, onto the tyre to bring the vehicle to a stop. The engine and carburettor were of French make and the chain transmission was made by world renowned, Manchester chain manufacturer Hans Renold, who were quick to produce specialised motor vehicle chains. Buying in specialist parts was common during this early period of experimental construction.

The Century Tandem had a significant lifetime. One was entered in the 1,000 mile trial of 1900, with only a few other British manufacturers. It completed the course and surely led to a number of orders. Some of the subsequent customers would write to The Autocar and tell of their experiences. One customer, Leopold Canning (later the 4th Baron of Garvagh), liked the Century so much that he ordered three of them, calling two the “Scarlet” and “Chocolate” Century. Canning describes a tour he took from the works in Altrincham, through Wilmslow and Alderley Edge and up the “Wizard” Hill, before touring up to the Cat and Fiddle outside Macclesfield, stopping for a drink and “free-wheeling” home.

Leopold Canning getting ready for a long distance run from Aberdeen to London on one of his Centurys. Leopold Canning getting ready for a long distance run from Aberdeen to London on one of his Centurys in 1901. Notice the luggage and spare tyres strapped to the passenger seat. It is likely that the number of orders after the 1,000 mile trial, reported as £12,000 worth, led Jackson and his partner Sydney Begbie (an ex-cycle works manager) to move production down to Willesden Junction, London, much nearer to the company’s newly opened show rooms in Holborne Viaduct, a road on which many motor traders had their offices. At some point during 1900-1901 Ralph Jackson fell out with his partner, he left the business and returning to his home town of Altrincham to set up the Eagle Motor and Engineering Company and made a similar tandem which he continued to sell, from Altrincham for several years. One wonders why the firm moved to London. Did they want to be nearer the large South Eastern customer base? Was being stationed near a major railway line a significant economic advantage? Had they outgrown Altrincham?

^ ^a ^b Cite error: The named reference Beaulieu was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^ "1900 One Thousand Mile Trial". Grace's Guide. 2013-02-15. Retrieved 2013-07-29.
^ https://www.royalautomobileclub.co.uk/motoring/motoring-events-and-activities/1000-mile-trial/ RAC 1000 Lon-Edi]
^ Manchester’s Suburban Cycle Makers July 22, 2016, by Joshua Butt
^ Graces Guide. Century Engineering and Motor Co

Gertrude Eisenmann

and strange mother

[16]

Allan Brammagh

Allan Brammagh

SSgt AN (Allan) Brammagh. 18 February, 1974. N.Ireland. ^[1] ^[2] ^[3]

Daimler Phönix

François-Nicolas Mouchet

né le 10 février 1750 à Gray où il est mort le 10 février 1814, est un peintre français.

Jack Daniels

William Daniels (automotive engineer)

Ache Frères, (Hache et Lassougade)

Hanzer

Hanzer Frères was a French manufacturer of automobiles. The Petit-Ivry company of Ivry-sur-Seine began building automobiles in 1899. Production ended in 1903.

Canal de Craponne (arrêt)

The "Canal de Craponne" judgement (arrêt) in 1876 was a landmark judgement by the Court of Cassation in French civil law, rejecting the theory of foresight. It was emblematic of the binding force of the contract.

The judgement was delivered on March 6, 1876 by the Civil Chamber of the Court of Cassation with regard to article 1134 of the French Civil Code. However, the ordinance of February 10, 2016 reforming contract law, the general regime and proof of obligations puts an end to this case law since the new article 1195 of the Civil Code defines the circumstances and modalities of such a revision.

Note: The United Kingdom initially refused to recognise unforeseen circumstances as a cause for exemption from performance of the contract (Paradine v. Jane (1647 Al 26, 82 ER 897). However, a first change in this direction theory was accepted by the English Courts with Taylor v. Caldwell ( Taylor v. Caldwell(1863) 3 B & S 826). This judgement recognised the existence of "implied terms" by which the co-contracting parties agreed to terminate the contract in the event of the occurrence of events making performance particularly difficult for one party. This is the principle of "frustration". However, this practice did not make it possible to restore the contractual balance in all cases. In 1956, the House of Lords posited the theory of "frustration" as an objective rule of contract law: Performance of the contract can only be demanded if the circumstances are the same as when the contract was concluded. (Davis Contractors ltd v. Fareham Urban District Council judgement of 1956)

Croix de Provence

The Cross of Provence is a monument located on the western end of the Montagne Sainte-Victoire in the Bouches-du-Rhône department in southern France.

Crau

Crau - needs work
fr: Crau - atypically good

Ocellated lizard

Ocellated lizard - needs work
fr: Lézard ocellé - atypically good

Automobili Nazzaro

Felice Nazzaro needs work. (or plagiarism)

Automobili Nazzaro
de: Automobili Nazzaro, et al

Automobili Nazzaro was an Italian manufacturer of automobiles from 1911-1916, and 1919-1923. Founded by racing driver Felice Nazzaro it produced circa 440 vehicles in total and won the 1913 Targa Florio in Sicily.^[1]

Sources

Autosport

... letter of Nazzaro to Biscaretti (founder of the Museum in Torino) where - answering a precise question - he asserts that he was born in Torino on December 4th 1881.

... Nazzaro's wife died in a car accident during 1923.

Sports Car Digest

Hugues Duroy de Chaumareys

Méduse

Hugues Duroy de Chaumareys, (born December 20 1763, in Vars-sur-Roseix, died 23 November 1841 at Bussière-Boffy) was a French naval officer, the "incompetent and complacent" captain of the frigate La Méduse when it ran aground off the coast of Mauritania on 2 July 1816 and circa 151 people died. On 5 July 1816, at least 147 people were set adrift on a hurriedly constructed raft; all but 15 died in the 13 days before their rescue, and the survivors endured starvation, dehydration and cannibalism.

La Grenouillère

Maison du Jouir - Gaugin

Motor Manufacturing Company

Motor Manufacturing Company Needs work. Needs :de: ...
de: Motor Manufacturing Company

START Company history The company was the successor to the Great Horseless Carriage Company , [2]Cite error: A <ref> tag is missing the closing </ref> (see the help page). It was founded in January 1898 in Coventry . [3] On February 4, 1907 made a name change to Motor Manufacturing Company (1907) Limited and the company moved to Clapham . [4]Motor Manufacturing Co (1907) at gracesguide.co.uk, accessed May 9, 2021. I n 1908 production ended. [1]

Source :de: Wiki

Company history The company is a successor company to Great Horseless Carriage Company , [2] the 1897 passenger car brand MMC sold. [1] It was founded in January 1898 in Coventry . [3] On February 4, 1907 made a name change to Motor Manufacturing Company (1907) Limited and the company moved to Clapham . [4] In 1908 production ended. [1]

Vehicles The first models had two-cylinder engines . In 1901 single-cylinder and four-cylinder engines were added. The last model 35/45 HP had a six-cylinder engine with 9553 cm³ displacement . [5]

model construction time cylinder Displacement (cm³) Power ( hp ) 4 HP 1897 2 4 ½ HP 1899 2 1527 11 HP 1899 2 5 HP 1901 1 785 12 HP 1901-1902 4th 3054 6 HP 1899-1900 2 1527 5 ½ HP 1901-1902 1 864 5.5 7 HP and 8 HP 1901 2 1684 8 HP 1902-1904 1 1021 10 HP 1902-1903 2 2041 20 HP and 25 HP 1902-1904 4th 4082 9 HP 1906 1 1378 12 HP 1906 2 2756 14 HP 1906 4th 2212 20 HP 1906 4th 4111 30/35 HP 1906 4th 6274 35/45 HP 1908 6th 9553 Source: [5]

The vehicle with the British registration number AP 163 belonged to the collection of Leonardslee Gardens in Lower Beeding near Horsham and was auctioned on December 5, 2005 for 132,473 euros . [6]

Motor sales The English car brands Anglian , Century , Eadie , Horbick , Horley , Hutton , Ilford , National , Ryley and Voitucar as well as the motorcycle manufacturer Wakefield used built-in engines from the Motor Manufacturing Company to power their vehicles.

Literature Harald H. Linz, Halwart Schrader : The great automobile encyclopedia. BLV, Munich 1986, ISBN 3-405-12974-5 George Nicholas Georgano : Cars. Encyclopédie complète. 1885 à nos jours. Courtille, Paris 1975 (French). David Culshaw, Peter Horrobin: The Complete Catalog of British Cars. William Morrow & Company, New York 1974, ISBN 0-688-00245-5 (English).

Élisabeth Vigée Le Brun

Élisabeth Louise Vigée Le Brun (French: 16 April 1755 – 30 March 1842), also known as Madame Le Brun, was a French portrait painter in the late 18th century.

Crystal Palace Motor Car Shows

Crystal Palace Motor Car Shows
Britain by Car: Crystal Palace Motor Car Shows
Grace's Guide to British Industrial History: 1904 Motor Show (SMMT)
Grace's Guide to British Industrial History: Motor Shows

Horley

Horley 8 HP 2-seater (1904)

Horley 8 HP 4-seater (1904)

The Horley Motor & Engineering Co. Ltd was a British automobile manufacturer in Horley, Surrey, producing light vehicles between 1904 and 1909. The brand names were Horley and No Name. Horley collaborated with Lacoste & Battmann, the French supplier of vehicle components, assemblies and unbranded vehicles.

Hans-Thilo Schmidt

Hans-Thilo Schmidt
de: Hans-Thilo Schmidt (1888 -1943), was a spy who during the 1930s kept secrets about the German key machine Enigma sold to the French secret service .

Rodolphe Lemoine

Rodolphe Lemoine
fr: Rodolphe Lemoine, de: Rodolphe Lemoine {Rudolf Stahlmann}, (1871-1946), a triple agent, known for his involvement in the Enigma affair .

Antiméridionalisme français sous la Troisième République

Le Petit Méridional

fr: Le Petit Méridional

Charles Philipon

Charles Philipon
Charles Philipon by Nadar (photographer),
Born	Claude Charles Guillaume Philipon (1800-04-19)19 April 1800 Lyon, France
Died	25 January 1861(1861-01-25) (aged 60) Paris
Nationality	French
Education	École nationale supérieure des beaux-arts de Lyon
Known for	Designer, journalist, caricaturist, lithographer, entrepreneur, painter Illustration, graphics/graphic arts

Charles Mengin

Charles Mengin (1853-1933), was a French academic painter and sculptor.
fr: Charles Mengin

Source: Archive Nationale Archive Nationale, Fontainbleu, Mengin

==Works in public collections

===UK

Manchester , Manchester Art Gallery Sappho , 1877. 15 .

===France

Musée Condé Chantilly:

- Diane at rest , 1879, after Paul Baudry 16;

- Venus playing with love , 1879, after Paul Baudry 17;

Arches of the 'salon de Dreux' at Château de Chantilly-La Maison de Sylvie (fr: Château de Chantilly#La Maison de Sylvie), after Paul Baudry:

- Love bearing the attributes of Apollo 18;

- Love bearing the attributes of Ceres 19;

- Love wearing the attributes of Diane 20;

- Love bearing the attributes of Juno 21;

- Love bearing the attributes of Jupiter 22;

- Love wearing the attributes of March 23;

- Love bearing the attributes of Mercury 24;

- Love bearing the attributes of Minerva 25;

- Love bearing the attributes of Neptune 26;

- Love bearing the attributes of Pluto 27;

- Love bearing the attributes of Venus 28;

- Love bearing the attributes of Vulcan 29.

Choisy-le-Roi, town hall:

- murals in the castle,

- earthenware known as Société Hippolyte Boulenger et Cie, 30.

Dinan, Château de Dinan:

- Meditation , 1890 31 .

Elbeuf, Musée d'Elbeuf:

- Exploit de David, 1885, plaster, missing work 32 .

Ferrières-en-Brie, town hall, council chamber:

- Méditation, 1890 33 , bought at the Salon of 1894 by Baron Alphonse de Rothschild and offered to the municipality of Ferrières-en-Brie 3, 10;

- L'Arlesienne 33.

Gray, Haute-Saône, fr: Musée Baron-Martin:

- La Plaine à Saclay.

- Twilight on the stubble, pastel on paper, 33 × 47cm, bequest of Amédée Denis to the Musée Baron-Martin in 1914.

Limoges,

- Haute-Vienne prefecture hotel : interior decorations, 1905-1913 34 .

Nantes , Musée d'Arts de Nantes :

- Portrait of the painter Brillaud 35 .

Paris, Musée d'Orsay :

- Rêverie 36 .

Soissons , fr: Musée de Soissons :

- Tedder or Harvester 37 .

Adam de Craponne

Source: fr: Adam de Craponne
Adam de Craponne was born in Salon in 1526 (1527) in a family of Pisan origin (More likely from the town of Craponne (Rhône). The real name of his ancestors is from Gageyron or from Gageron family that we find on the borders of Languedoc and Auvergne at Craponne and Viverols (Puy-de-Dôme). [desired ref.]

After his studies, he went to the court of Henry II of France and became an engineer, officer in charge of fortifications. In 1552, he reinforced and reorganized the defences of Metz, against Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor. In 1554, a decree of the Parliament of Provence (located in Aix-en-Provence), conferred on him the right to divert the waters of the river Durance to Salon-en-Provence, and from there to the sea.

Adam de Craponne built between 1557 and 1558 the canal which bears his name , which made it possible to irrigate the Crau with water from the Durance. Craponne personally financed the work1, but also had to borrow, notably from Nostradamus2.

In 1571, he was hired by the municipality of Les Mées, Alpes-de-Haute-Provence to restore the water intake of an irrigation canal.^[2]

Il meurt à Nantes le 20 décembre 1576. Selon son petit-neveu, Paul de Grignan^[3], a écrit dans son livre de raison :

« En l'année 1576, ledict Adam de Craponne mourut de maladie à Nantes, en Bretagne, employé par le roi Henry troisième à la fortification de ladicte ville où il feust (à ce qu'on croyt) empoisonné par l'envie d'Italiens employés quant lui à ladicte fortification piqués de quoy le roi fist continuer l'œuvre suivant le dessain de Craponne et à la confusion du leur. Il mourut en 24 heures et fust enterré dans l'église Nostre-Dame^[4] ».

Selon certaines sources, il aurait été empoisonné par des ingénieurs envieux de ses succès^[5],

He died in Nantes on December 20, 1576. According to his grand-nephew, Seigneur (Lord) Paul de Grignan, (it: De Grignan) who wrote:^[6]

“In the year 1576, 'ledict' Adam de Craponne died of illness in Nantes, Brittany, employed by King Henry III of France to fortify the city, where he was believed to have been poisoned by envious Italian workers, ... He died within 24 hours and was buried in the l'église Notre-Dame”.^[7]

According to some sources, he was poisoned by engineers envious of his success.^[8]

Partial source

Marie-Nicolas Bouillet et Alexis Chassang (dir.), « Adam de Craponne » dans Dictionnaire universel d’histoire et de géographie, 1878 (lire sur Wikisource)
fr: Marie-Nicolas Bouillet
Marie-Nicolas Bouillet and Alexis Chassang (dir.), “Adam de Craponne” in the Universal Dictionary of History and Geography, 1878 (Wikisource)

Dictionnaire Bouillet

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Bouillet, Marie-Nicolas; Chassang, Alexis, eds. (1878). "Adam de Craponne". Dictionnaire Bouillet (in French).

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Bouillet, Marie-Nicolas; Chassang, Alexis, eds. (1878). "Cabale". Dictionnaire Bouillet (in French).

[fr:Dictionnaire universel d’histoire et de géographie Bouillet Chassang]

Bouillet at WikiSource

==References

^ The Complete Encyclopedia of Motor Cars, G.N. Georgano, Ebury Press, 1973.
^ Jean Nicod, La poursuite de l'aménagement de la Durance : la chute d'Oraison, Méditerranée, 1^re année, No. 4, 1960. p. Missing parameter/s! (Template:P.)92.
^ Paul de Grignan, seigneur de Hauteville et Châteauneuf Les Moustiers, est le fils Jean de Grignan et de Jeanne de Craponne, nièce et héritière d'Adam de Craponne.
^ Marylène Soma Bonfillon, Le canal de Craponne, un exemple de maîtrise de l'eau en Provence occidentale 1554-1954, Publications de l'Université de Provence, Aix-en-Provence, 2004, p. 23, ISBN 978-2-85399-659-4
^ Site notreprovence.fr
^ Paul de Grignan, Seigneur de Hauteville and fr: Châteauneuf-lès-Moustiers, son of Jean de Grignan and of Jeanne de Craponne, niece and heiress of Adam de Craponne.
^ Marylène Soma Bonfillon, Le canal de Craponne, un exemple de maîtrise de l'eau en Provence occidentale 1554-1954, Publications de l'Université de Provence, Aix-en-Provence, 2004, p. 23, ISBN 978-2-85399-659-4
^ Notre Provence, Adam de Craponne, Ingrnieur Provencal, 1526-1576.

Pierre Testu-Brissy

Ballooning History, Who's Who

Source Ballooning History, Who's Who. ...

... Testu-Brissy, Pierre, France (1770?1829) (GB). See Appendix-A/C. Sport & professional balloonist, 1790-1800. f: First B-Ascent 1785; First B-Solo 18 Sep.1791 from Paris; Made many flights astride animals; Made more than 50 flights in his lifetime.

... Epic flight 11 May 1786 from Paris. Flew 11 hours in a line of thunderstorms. Experienced "St.Elmos Fire" (Static corona).

... Epic flight 15 Oct.1798 from Bellevue Park in Paris. First ascent by a pilot astride a horse. Horse was trained to stand perfectly still on a platform, regardless of surrounding activities, or altitude. Horse started to bleed from the nose due to the altitude, but both man & beast survived the flight.^[1]

A Hilderbrandt. Airships Past and Present 1908

Source Internet Archive.org Airships Past and Present by A. Hilderbrandt. 1908 - Scientific Ballooning The first man who was called upon to pay damages for crops was Testu-Brissy in 1786. Most of the damage was done by the rustics who flocked to see.^[2]

The first electrical observations were made on June 18th, 1786, by Testu Brissy, who ascended into thunderclouds, and said that he drew remarkable discharges from the clouds by means of an iron rod, carried in the car.^[2]

Smithsonian. National Air and Space Museum - L'Ascension de Cessu-Brissy À Limoges en 1786

Source: Smithsonian. National Air and Space Museum. Print, Etching on Paper, Hand Colored, L'Ascension de Cessu-Brissy À Limoges en 1786

Gaston Tissandier - Histoire des ballons et des aéronautes célèbres

Source: Smithsonian Collection. .... Internet Archive.org. Smithsonian Collection. Histoire des ballons et des aéronautes célèbres, by Gaston Tissandier, Published 1887, Testu Brissy :- Pages 289, 290, 294, 300. ^[3]

Histoire des ballons et des aéronautes célèbres ... by Tissandier, Gaston, (1843-1899), ... ... Publication date 1887, ... ... Topics Balloons, Aeronautics, ... ... Publisher Paris, H. Launette & cie, ... ... Collection smithsonian, ... ... Digitizing sponsor Smithsonian Libraries, ... ... Contributor Smithsonian Libraries, ... ... Language French, ... ... Volume t.1

In 1887, Gaston Tissandier's Histoire des ballons et des aéronautes célèbres (History of famous balloons and aeronauts) described Testu-Brissy's earliest ballooning thus :

Page -289-

Pendant les dernières anne'es du xvme siècle, en outre des admirables applications que des hommes de cœur et de patriotisme avaient su faire des aérostats aux opérations militaires, les ballons continuèrent aussi à contribuer à l'animation des fêtes nationales ou militaires. Trois ans avant la Révolution, I un nouvel aéronaute avait fait son apparition en la personne de Testu-Brissy, qui se donnait le titre de physicien et qui avait annoncé une ascension de longue durée. Le projet du voyageur aérien était de séjourner vingt-quatre heures dans l'atmosphère au moyen d'un ballon à gaz hydrogène, muni d'un système de rames à la façon de celles qu'avait employées Blanchard.

During the last years of the eighteenth century, besides the military applications by men of heart and patriotism, balloons continued to contribute to national and military festivals. Three years before the Revolution, Testu-Brissy, a new aeronaut, gave himself the title of physicist and announced plans for a twenty-four hour balloon flight, using a hydrogen balloon with oars similar to Jean-Pierre Blanchard.^[4]

Page -290-

La première ascension de Testu-Brissy eut lieu le 18 juin 1786, des jardins du Luxembourg, où il s'éleva à quatre heures cinquante de l'après-midi. Après une première descente dans la plaine de Montmorency, Paéronaute repartit, pour revenir encore près de terre à huit heures du soir, entre Ecouen et Wariville, d'où il s'éleva de nouveau.

The first ascent by Testu-Brissy took place on June 18, 1786, at 4.50 pm, from the Jardin du Luxembourg to the plain of Montmorency (approximately 15 kilometres (9.3 mi) north). He then set off again and landed around 8 pm between Écouen and Wariville (near Litz, Oise circa 45 kilometres (28 mi) north).^[5]

Page -290-

Bientôt un rival se présenta à Testu-Brissy en la personne de Garnerin.

Soon Testu-Brissy was rivalled by André-Jacques Garnerin.

In 1887, Gaston Tissandier's Histoire des ballons et des aéronautes célèbres (History of famous balloons and aeronauts) described Testu-Brissy's equestrian ballooning thus :

Page -294-

Pendant les premiers jours du Consulat, les ascensions fo- raines reprirent quelque faveur auprès du public, et c'est en 1798 que Testu-Brissy exécuta une ascension équestre restée célèbre. L'aéronaute avait construit un aérostat allongé au-dessous duquel était fixé un grand plateau de bois rectangulaire. Il annonça qu'il s'élèverait à cheval sur ce plateau, sans que sa monture fût attachée. Le 26 vendémiaire de l'an VII, (French Republican calendar (Autumn, Vendémiaire (Vintage/grape harvest), 26, October 17th, Year VII =1798) Testu-Brissy s'éleva à Bellevue; mais le succès ne répondit d'abord pas à son attente. L'expérience fut recommencée quelques jours plus tard, et cette fois elle réussit au delà de toutes les espérances. L'aéronaute alla tomber dans les plaines de Nanterre, après avoir affirmé que le cheval qu'il montait avait perdu du sang par les narines et les oreilles, à une hauteur où il ne s'était pas trouvé incommodé.

During the first days of the revolutionary Consulate, balloon ascents regained some favour with the public. Thus on 26 Vendémiaire of 'year VII' (in the French Republican calendar (Autumn, 26 Grape harvest, equivalent to October 17th, 1798)) Testu-Brissy performed an equestrian balloon ascent which has remained famous. He had built an elongated balloon to carry a large rectangular wooden platform where he sat astride his horse without it being tethered. Testu-Brissy ascended at Bellevue; but the experiment did not meet his expectations, so he tried again a few days later and succeeded beyond expectations. He landed on the plain of Nanterre and said that the horse had lost blood through its nostrils and ears.^[6]

Page -300-

En-tête. Ascension équestre de Testu-Brissy 14?

On your mind. Equestrian ascent of Testu-Brissy 14?

Page -300-

Cul-de-lampe. Ascension équestre de Testu-Brissy à Bellevue, en 179S. (D'après une miniature.) i5o

Cul-de-lamp. Equestrian ascent of Testu-Brissy at Bellevue, in 1798. (After a miniature.) I5o

William Lockwood Marsh - Aeronautical prints & drawings

Source Aeronautical prints & drawings

by marsh, william lockwood, 1886- A history of flying by gibbs-smith, charles harvard, 1909-

Page -94-

Plate 30. An equestrian ascent by Testu-Brissy, in France, I798. This Frenchman was the first to popularize such animal ascents ... in Europe at Milan, Strasburg, Chambery, Rodez and at Aix-en-Provence

Tétu-Brissy

Source - International Archive. Aeronautical prints & drawings

by marsh, william lockwood, 1886- ... ... william lockwood marsh

Page 21

[https://archive.org/details/aeronauticalprin00mars/page/n19/mode/2up?q=%22testu-brissy%22 International Archive. Aeronautical prints & drawings by marsh, william lockwood, 1886 Page -21- (b) An Equestrian Ascent By Testu Brissy. 1798 LE CHEVAL AREONAUTE/ ou Ascension de Testa Brissy 4 Meudon.]

Page 50

[https://archive.org/details/aeronauticalprin00mars/page/26/mode/2up?q=%22testu-brissy%22 Page -50- In an attempt to revive the public interest in balloon ascents, which was waning owing to their apparent lack of utility, all sorts of circus tricks and dangerous ‘‘ stunts ’’ were resorted to, of which ascents on horseback were among the most popular. The lower picture in Plate 65 shows such an ascent by Testu Brissy from Meudon, on 16 October, 1798,]

Page 164

Page 164 An Equestrian Ascent By Testu Brissy. 1798 LE CHEVAL AREONAUTE/ ou Ascension de Testa Brissy a Meudon.1798. (6 x 4 in.) From an impression in the Cuthbert Collection

page 189

Page -189- AN EQUESTRIAN ASCENT BY TESTU BRISSY. 1798. (6 x 4 in.) From an impression in the Cuthbert Collection

Arthur Mangin - La Navigation Aerienne

Collections of Library of Congress. La Navigation Aerienne by Arthur Mangin Publication date 1869

Digitizing sponsor Google Book from the collections of Library of Congress

Page -108- Toute la période de l'histoire aéronautique comprise entre les années 1784 et 1789 est remplie par les nombreuses ascensions de Blanchard et de son émule Testu-Brissy, ascensions qui n'offrent plus aucun intérêt. Puisque nous avons toutefois prononcé le nom de Testu-Brissy, disons qu'il donna le premier le curieux spectacle, souvent renouvelé de nos jours par M. Poitevin, d'une ascension équestre. Seulement, tandis que le cheval de ce

dernier est toujours suispendu au filet par des san* gles appliquées sous le ventre et laissant les pieds sans point d'appui, le cheval de Testu-Drissy était libre de toute entrave et se tenait debout sur un vaste plateau remplaçant la nacelle.

The entire period of aeronautical history between the years 1784 and 1789 is filled with the numerous ascents of Blanchard and his emulator Testu-Brissy, ascents which no longer offer any interest. Since, however, we have pronounced the name of Testu-Brissy, let us say that he was the first to give the curious spectacle, often repeated nowadays by M. Poitevin, of an equestrian ascent. Only while the horse of this

The latter is still hanged from the net by straps applied under the belly and leaving the feet without a point of support, Testu-Drissy's horse was free of all hindrance and was standing on a vast platform replacing the basket.

A history of flying by Gibbs-Smith, Charles Harvard, 1909-

Internet Archive.org. History of Flying by Gibbs-Smith, Charles Harvard, 1909-

Page -110-

On 18 June 1786 Pierre Tetu- (or Testu-) Brissy, a Frenchman, inaugurated night flying when he flew from Paris to Breteuil.(^[7]) From then onwards ballooning after dark became a favourite sport and, incidentally, led to the popular firework displays from the air which delighted the public of many countries for over a century. TetuBrissy, who had already, like many of the early aeronauts, experimented unsuccessfully with baUoon propulsion, was a born showman. So it is not surprising that he is chiefly remembered for another inauguration—the animal ascent. On 16 October 1798 he went up in a balloon on horseback (30), and so added another questionable sport to those already popular at the time. The horse and rider stood on an oblong platform slung beneath a cylindrical hydrogen balloon, and the whole machine was decked out with tassels and draperies for the occasion. In some of the later animal ascents the horse was suspended by sHngs under its body; which, although safer, was probably more alarming for the unfortunate beast. Tetu-Brissy was followed by the French showman Margat, who went up astride his pet stag 'Coco'; and, much later, by the most notorious 'animal- ascenders'. Monsieur and Madame Poitcvin.

Page -293-

1798. First balloon ascent on horseback (Testu-Brissy). 104

Page -306-

Tatin, v., 176; 77 Telescheff, 148 Temple, see Du Temple Templer, J. L. B., 185 Tennyson, Lord, 117 Terzi, see De Lana Testu-Brissy, P., see Tetu-Brissy T6tu-Brissy, P., 104; 30 Thibaut de Saint-Andre, 99, 101 Thible, Mme, 86; 29 Thilorier, 104 Thrale, Mrs, 85 Tissandier, A., 189 Tissandier, G., 184, 189 Tom Thumb, 127 Toumachon, F., see Nadar Toutain, 143 Trouve, G., 54, 177; 78 Turbinia, S.S., 206

On 18 June 1786 Testu-Brissy inaugurated night flying when he flew from Paris to Breteuil.^[7] (Breteuil, Eure (104km) or Breteuil, Oise (87 km))

==References

New Orleans Motor Co (of Twickenham)

Note - E.H.Owens was a 35 year grey area around a black hole for real information and cars. Possibly no cars, no factory, only fiction. (Georgano) It seems unlikely that this company (New Orleans Motor Co) was related to Orleans Car Co formed by E. H. Owen.

New Orleans Motor Co, New Orleans (automobile)
Vivinus ... The owner, Alexis Vivinus (1860-1929), had made bicycles in the 1890s and become an importer of Benz. From 1895 he started to make his own range of cars. These were belt-driven voiturette models with a 785 cc single-cylinder engine and 2-speed transmission by belt drive. Licences to make his designs were sold to firms such as New Orleans of England, Georges Richard of France and De Dietrich in Germany.

William Rootes, 1st Baron Rootes ... In 1905, whilst their parents were out, Billy took Reggie out for a drive in their father's New Orleans motor car. Billy crashed the car.

Sources
Grace's Guide : New Orleans Motor Co^[1]
1905 Advert and image. [17]
Graces Guide: New Orleans Motor Co

May 1901.

1902.

December 1902. 3 h.p. car.

January 1903.

February 1903.

February 1905. 15 h.p.

From Motors and Motor-driving. Published in 1906.

1906 Q4. of Twickenham.

1900 Burford, Van Toll and Co became New Orleans Motor Co/Orleans Motor Co

> (Henry George Burford (1867-1943), Graces guide - Henry_George_Burford
- (Johann van Toll (1860-1913) Graces guide - Johann_van_Toll ... 1900, of 18, Radford Street, Coventry (Director Thames Valley Motor Car Co). ... Combined with H. G. Burford to produce the New Orleans.[1] ...

It seems unlikely that this was the Company formed by E. H. Owen, who was connected with a company of similar name Orleans Car Co

1901 May. Details of a 7-hp car.[1]

1902 February. Details of the 12-hp car.[2]

1906. Described as of Belgian and British manufacture. Produced 15, 22 25 and 25 h.p. models with shaft-drive. The largest had a six-cylinder engine while the others were four. [3]

The Complete Encyclopedia of Motorcars. 1885-present. Edited by G. N. Georgano.

New Orleans GB 1900-1910.^[2]

1. Burford, Van Toll & Co, Twickenham, Middlesex, 1900-1901
2. New Orleans Motor Co Ltd, Twickenham, Middlesex, 1901-1905
3. Orleans Motor Co Ltd, Twickenham, Middlesex, 1905-1910

The New Orleans began life as the Belgian Vivinus voiturette built under licence in England. It had a single cylinder, air-cooled, engine of 3.5 hp mounted at the front. Transmission was by belt to fast and loose pulleys on a countershaft, and thence by spur gears to the rear axle. Two forward speeds were provided. This car was first on sale at the beginning of 1900, and before the end of the year it had been supplemented by a two cylinder model of 7hp, and otherwise similar layout. In 1901 a completely new 7hp car appeared, with water-cooled engine, conventional clutch and three speed gearbox, and shaft drive. The small belt-drive car was still available in 1904, together with a 9hp twin, and 12 and 15hp 4-cylinder cars.^[2]

In 1905 the company was changed to Orleans, and the cars followed suit, although they were occassionally called New Orleans for some time. A 22hp 4 cylinder car was made in 1906, and the first 6-cylinder model, a 35hp, appeared in 1907. In 1909 they were making a 30/40hp 4 cylinder and a 35/45hp 6-cylinder car, but very few were sold. As the Orleans became larger it lost its individuality, and none of the 4-cylider models was anything like as popular as the little belt-drive voiturette had been.^[2]

==References

^ Grace's Guide New Orleans Motor Co
^ ^a ^b ^c The Complete Encyclopedia of Motorcars. 1885-present. Edited by G. N. Georgano.

Louis Ducos du Hauron

Louis Ducos du Hauron ... pioneer of colour photography ... in 1868 with Charles Cros
fr: Louis Ducos du Hauron
==Early life ... ... The Ducos du Hauron family is from Agen. His father, Jérôme, is an indirect tax official, stationed in Langon. Louis does not attend school but is educated by tutors. He is interested in the arts, in painting and plays the piano remarkably (he will maintain an ongoing correspondence with Camille Saint-Saëns ). But he is especially passionate about the physical sciences and in particular optics and colors, in connection with his taste for painting. In the same vein, he is interested in emerging photography and seeks to make color photographs, on a more theoretical than practical level.^{[better source needed]}

Tim Harford

Tim Harford
- YouTube. The Importance of Being Messy
- YouTube. How to See into the Future. Oxford Union

50 Things That Made the Modern Economy

Dorothy Martin

Dorothy Martin (disambig) (1900–1992), a Chicago prophet (alias Marian Keech)

Dorothy Martin was given the alias Marian Keech by Leon Festinger in his writings to protect her identity.^[1]

When Prophecy Fails re: a prophecy that Lake City and large portions of the United States, Canada, Central America and Europe would be destroyed by a flood before dawn on December 21st 1954.

- When Prophecy Fails#Aftermath ... After the failure of the prediction, Martin was threatened with arrest and involuntary commitment, and left Chicago. She later founded the Association of Sananda and Sanat Kumara (Sanat Kumara). Under the name Sister Thedra, she continued to practice channeling and participating in contactee groups until her death in 1992.

The Atlantic The Christmas the Aliens Didn’t Come By Julie Beck^[2]

(Source: yestherapyhelps) Messages from outer space. ... In the fifties, an American apocalyptic sect called "The Seekers" (The Seekers) spread the message that the world was going to be destroyed on December 21, 1954 . Supposedly, this information had been transmitted to the members of the sect through Dorothy Martin, alias Marian Keech, a woman who was credited with the ability to write chains of words of alien or supernatural origin. The fact that the members of the fanatical group believed in the authenticity of these messages was one of the reasons why the religious beliefs of the whole community were reinforced, and as it happens classically with the cults of this type, life of each of its members revolved around the needs and objectives of the community.^[3]

(Source: howtoflyahorse.com/end-notes) Dorothy Martin had a long career: After the events described in the book, Martin moved to the Yucatán Peninsula in Mexico, was involved with “the Brotherhood of the Seven Rays,” (Seven rays) a group that included another purported “UFO contactee,” George Hunt Williamson, and at some point became known as “Sister Thedra.” According to another spiritualist, “Dr. Robert Ghost Wolf,” while she was in Mexico, Martin “had an experience which changed her in an instant when as it is told by her that [sic] Jesus Christ physically appeared to her and spontaneously cured her of cancer. He introduced himself to her by his true, [sic] name, ‘Sananda Kumara,’ (Sanat Kumara) thereby revealing his affiliation with the Venusian founders of the Great Solar Brotherhoods (Great White Brotherhood). By his command that [sic] Sister Thedra went to Peru. Sister Thedra eventually left Peru upon felling [sic] her experience there was complete. She then traveled to Mt. Shasta in California and founded the Association of Sananda and Sanat Kumara.” Dorothy Martin died in May 1992 (or did she?). She did her last “automatic writing” on May 3, 1992: “Sori Sori: Mine beloved, I am speaking unto thee for the good of all. It is now come the time that ye come out from the place wherein ye are. Ye shall shout for joy! Let it be, for many shall greet thee with glad shouts! So be it, no more pain . . . Amen . . . Sananda.” (Ellipses in original.) After Martin’s death, the Association of Sananda and Sanat Kumara changed its address to a location next to a pizza restaurant called “Apizza Heaven” in Sedona, Arizona. (Bad, naughty, Wiki black listed links here in original page BE CAREFUL, Be afraid, Be very ... ) Martin’s story is also mentioned (rather inaccurately) in Largo, 2010.^[4]

==References

Amédée Bollée fils

Amédée Bollée father, who manufactured steam cars between 1873 and 1881.
Léon Bollée brother,
Léon Bollée Automobiles
Léon Bollée vehicles

Amédée Bollée fils (:de: wiki)

Source: de: Amédée Bollée fils

Amédée Bollée fils was a French manufacturer of automobiles.

==Company history

Amédée Bollée fils was the son of Amédée Bollée, who manufactured steam cars between 1873 and 1881. In 1885 Bollée (fils) founded his company in Le Mans and the brand name was Amédée Bollée. Production ended in 1922. AB also licensed two/three other manufacturers to build his car design, these were:

- De Dietrich from Lunéville Lorraine. (de: Société de Dietrich et Cie de Lunéville),
- De Dietrich from Niederbronn Alsace. (de: De Dietrich (Niederbronn))
- Leesdorfer Automobilwerke from Austria. (de: Leesdorfer Automobilwerke)

==Vehicles

The first vehicle was built in 1885 with the help of his father. It was a stagecoach with a steam engine, commissioned by the Marquis de Roc. In the same year he also made a smaller steam car based on his own designs.

In 1889 experiments with gasoline engines began.

The first motor car with a petrol engine went into series production as the Type A in 1896 . The horizontal gasoline two-cylinder engine with water cooling delivered 6 hp and propelled the rear axle via belts. The engine weighed 150 kg and had a normal speed of 600 rpm. The face-to-face body shape offered space for four people. [1] Amédée Bollée took part in a Type A car in September 1896 in the Paris – Marseille – Paris race (start number 20). [2] [3]

In 1898 a racing car with a streamlined body took 3rd place in the Paris – Amsterdam race . In 1899 a racing car followed with a four-cylinder engine and 6300 cm³ displacement , which made 20 hp. Production vehicles of the year were a two-cylinder model with 10 hp and a four-cylinder model with 12 hp. From 1904, the four-cylinder engine was arranged vertically and the radiator grille was round, as in the Delaunay-Belleville vehicles of the time . The Type E was on offer between 1907 and 1914 . The engine had a capacity of 6333 cm³. The price was comparable to that of the Rolls-Royce Silver Ghost . More than 200 copies were made of this model. In 1912 the type F was addedthe offer. The engine had a displacement of 4000 cm³.

After the First World War, only a few type F vehicles were built .

==Literature

Harald H. Linz, Halwart Schrader : The International Automobile Encyclopedia . United Soft Media Verlag, Munich 2008, ISBN 978-3-8032-9876-8 . George Nicholas Georgano (Hrsg.): The Beaulieu Encyclopedia of the Automobile. Band 1: A–F. Fitzroy Dearborn Publishers, Chicago 2001, ISBN 1-57958-293-1 (englisch).

== Web links

Commons : Amédée Bollée fils - collection of images, videos and audio files Bollée On uniquecarsandparts.com (English). Amédée Bollée son, father of Turbo Auf 20minutes.fr vom 31. Oktober 2013 (französisch).

==Individual evidence
Automobile locomotion: Automobile Automobile Bollée . Hrsg .: Raoul Vuillemot. Nr. 14. La locomotion automobile, Paris 8. April 1897, S. 157–160.
Emmanuel Aimé: The Paris-Marseille race . In: Raoul Vuillemot (Hrsg.): Automobile locomotion . Nr. 15 . Paris, October 1, 1896, p. 253–256.
The Horseless Age: Paris-Marseilles-Paris. Hrsg.: E. P. Ingersoll. The Horseless Age Co., New York Oktober 1896, S. 4–17.

De Dietrich - Wiki

Source :

De Dietrich
1896 : De Dietrich enters automobile manufacturing. Eugene, Baron de Turckheim, (fr: Eugène-Dominique de Dietrich) buys manufacturing rights to Amédée Bollée, fils' design.^[2] During its automotive development it hired amongst others the services of famous car builder Ettore Bugatti to design of the cars and Émile Mathis to handle commercialisation.

Lorraine-Dietrich

Source:

Lorraine-Dietrich
In 1896, managing director of the Lunéville plant, Baron Adrien de Turckheim (See:[[18]], bought the rights to a design by Amédée Bollée.^[3] This used a front-mounted^[4] horizontal twin engine with sliding clutches and belt drive.^[3] It had a folding top, three acetylene headlights,^[4] and, very unusual for the period, plate glass windshield.^[4] While the company started out using engines from Bollée, De Dietrich eventually produced the entire vehicle themselves.^[5]

References

^[6] ^[7] ^[8] ^[9]

==Reflist

^ Archives départementales de la Sarthe, commune du Mans, année 1867, acte de naissance vue 15/392 No. 71
^ Wise, David Burgess. "De Dietrich: France's Veteran Car Manufacturer", in Northey, Tom, ed. World of Automobiles (London: Orbis, 1974), Volume 5, p.507.
^ ^a ^b Burgess-Wise 1974, p. 507.
^ ^a ^b ^c Georgano 1990, p. 15.
^ Burgess-Wise 1974, p. 508.
^ La locomotion automobile (1897-04-08), Raoul Vuillemot (ed.), Voiture Automobile Bollée (in German), Paris: La locomotion automobile, pp. 157-160
^ La locomotion automobile (1897-04-08), Raoul Vuillemot (ed.), Voiture Automobile Bollée (in German), Paris: La locomotion automobile, pp. 157-160
^ Emmanuel Aimé (1896-10-01), Raoul Vuillemot (ed.), "La course Paris-Marseille", La locomotion automobile (in German), no. 15, Paris, pp. 253-256
^ The Horseless Age (1896-10-01), E. P. Ingersoll (ed.), Paris-Marseilles-Paris (in German), New York: The Horseless Age Co., pp. 4-17

De Dietrich

De Dietrich (Automobile)
Lorraine-Dietrich was a French automobile and aircraft engine manufacturer from 1896 until 1935, created when railway locomotive manufacturer Société Lorraine des Anciens Etablissements de Dietrich et Cie de Lunéville (known as De Dietrich et Cie, founded in 1884 by Jean de Dietrich) branched into the manufacture of automobiles. The Franco-Prussian War divided the company's manufacturing capacity, one plant in Niederbronn-les-Bains, Alsace, the other in Lunéville, Lorraine.^[1]

De Dietrich built cars under license Amédée Bollée, at Lunéville (de: Société de Dietrich et Cie de Lunéville), at Niederbronn (de: De Dietrich (Niederbronn)) and at Leesdorfer Automobilwerke (de: Leesdorfer Automobilwerke) in Austria.

Source :

De Dietrich
1896 : De Dietrich enters automobile manufacturing. Eugene, Baron de Turckheim, (fr: Eugène-Dominique de Dietrich) buys manufacturing rights to Amédée Bollée, fils' design.^[2] During its automotive development it hired amongst others the services of famous car builder Ettore Bugatti to design of the cars and Émile Mathis to handle commercialisation.

1905 : De Dietrich decides to pull out of automobile manufacturing to focus on mechanical construction, railroad equipment, process systems, central heating equipment and appliances.

==Reflist

^ Burgess-Wise 1974, p. 507.
^ Wise, David Burgess. "De Dietrich: France's Veteran Car Manufacturer", in Northey, Tom, ed. World of Automobiles (London: Orbis, 1974), Volume 5, p.507.

Alf Bottoms

Alf Bottoms A.J.Bottoms (1918-1951)
J.B.S. James Bottoms and sons
500 Owners Association. Alf Bottoms
Alfred John Herbert Bottoms was born in Kensington, London in June 1918. Immediately after the war, he began speedway competition, racing for Rye House in 1945. For 1946 he signed for Wembley and was a member of the Wembley Lions championship winning team. He did not race much in 1947 and joined the Southampton team as captain for the 1948 season helping them to win promotion. In 1949 he returned to Wembley and quit at the end of 1949.^[1]

1950 saw Alf enter the Formula Three circuit racing with his JBS-Norton in a team run by his father and brother, Charlie. J.B.S. standing for James Bottoms and sons. The J.B.S. was developed from the Cowlan Special of Coward and Lang. It was highly competitive and looked set to present a consistent challenge to the Coopers. Alf gave notice at the Goodwood Easter meeting, finishing third against experienced opposition.^[1]

Brands Hatch, 17 September 1950. ... Pressing on at an amazing speed he won the thirteen-lap event by more than forty-seven seconds over Jönsson. Only three of the twenty four starters finished on the same lap. Stirling Moss, in a lightweight Cooper JAP, was one of the ones to finish a lap down in sixth place. It was Alf's finest race.^[1]

Bonhams. C.1951 JBS-Norton 500cc Formula 3 Racing Single-Seater
The JBS 500 was developed by father and son team, Charles and Alf Bottoms, from an earlier design known as the Cowlan which was built in Preston, Lancashire by R.L. Coward and G. Lang, with technical assistance from Noel Shorrock who was the brother of famous supercharger manufacturer, Chris Shorrock.^[2]

The most important early race in the 1951 500cc F3 calendar was the Luxembourg GP on the Findel road circuit. Tragically, in practice for the race, 32-year-old Alf Bottoms appeared to have the throttle of his JBS jam open on the approach to a hairpin bend. He crashed into a parked vehicle, and was fatally injured. Next day, however, 'Curly' Dryden won Heat 1 of that Luxembourg GP in his JBS-Norton, while his rival Don Parker - in a JBS-JAP - won Heat 2.^[2]

==References

Crown Magnetic / Le Grice Elers

==References

Charles T. Crowden

Charles T. Crowden C. T. Crowdens Motor Works
de: Charles T. Crowden
Charles T. Crowden (Grace's Guide)^[1]
C. T. Crowdens Motor Works (Grace's Guide)^[2]
Louis Coatalen After a short time with the Crowden Motor Car Company he joined Humber Limited in 1901^[3]
Aero (automobile)

Start

C. T. Crowden, Charles Thomas Crowden(c1859-1922) of Leamington, was a British manufacturer of Crowden automobiles.^[1]^[4]^[5]

==Early life and education

Crowden's father was a schoolmaster. His grandfather had run the Blue Coat School in Bath for 50 years and is commemorated in Bath Abbey. He was educated at Bath Grammar School.^[1]

==Career

He variously worked for the crane manufacturer Stothert & Pitt of Bath;^[6] tram and fire engine manufacturer Merryweather & Sons of Greenwich, London; bicycle manufacturer Humber Limited of Beeston, Nottinghamshire; and The Great Horseless Carriage Company of Coventry; and formed his own business C. T. Crowdens Motor Works in 1898.^[1]

He was associated with a number of patents ......

=='C. T. Crowdens Motor Works' - Company history

In 1898 Crowden founded 'C. T. Crowdens Motor Works' in Leamington Spa and began manufacturing automobiles with the brand name Crowden. Production ended in 1901.^[4]

==Vehicles

Crowden made experimental vehicles, some of which he also sold. This included a car with a steam engine and a vehicle with a gasoline engine and 10 hp.^[5]

In 1900 he used a single-cylinder engine with 5 hp in a vehicle. The engine power was transmitted to the drive axle by means of belts. The transmission had three gears. This vehicle has been preserved and belongs to the collection of the Museum of British Road Transport in Coventry.^[5]

He sold a steam engine fire engine to the Norwich Union Fire Insurance Company in Worcester and a gasoline engine to the Leamington Spa Fire Department.^[5]

==Sources

Harald H. Linz, Halwart Schrader : The International Automobile Encyclopedia. United Soft Media Verlag, Munich 2008, ISBN 978-3-8032-9876-8.
Georgano: The Beaulieu Encyclopedia of the Automobile. Volume 1: A–F. Fitzroy Dearborn Publishers, Chicago 2001, ISBN 1-57958-293-1. (English)

Linz^[4]
Georgano^[5]

==References

^ ^a ^b ^c ^d Grace's Guide to British Industrial History. Charles Thomas Crowden
^ Grace's Guide to British Industrial History. C. T. Crowdens Motor Works
^ Obituary M. Louis Coatalen. The Times, Friday, 25 May 1962; p. 18; Issue 55400
^ ^a ^b ^c "Die Internationale Automobil-Enzyklopädie" ISBN 9783803298768
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e Georgano: The Beaulieu Encyclopedia of the Automobile.
^ Coventry Evening Telegraph - Thursday 23 August 1900

Mollie Panter-Downes

La reina del albur

La reina del albur, es: La reina del albur
Lourdes Ruiz Baltazar Lourdes Ruiz
es: Albur (México) Albur
Obituary^[1]

==References

^ Noticias, April 13 2019, Murio Lourdes Ruiz, “la Reina del Albur”; la cultura de barrio y el albur mexicano están de luto"

Rochet-Schneider

Rochet-Schneider (Lyon)
Th. Schneider (Théophile Schneider) fr: Théodore Schneider (Besançon)
Rochet (Edouard Rochet) fr: Édouard Rochet Bicycle maker^[1]
Automobiles Louis Ravel, de: Automobiles Louis Ravel

==References

^ Graces Guide, Rochet

Salvesen

Salvason (Steam car), Scotland 1897
Salvesen 1897 Steam Cart on London to Brighton VCR 2008.jpg A one-off steam cart made for a Norwegian who commissioned it for use around his Scottish estate near Grangemouth.^[1]

==References

^ Imperial commemorates London's first motor show, Classic and Sports Car website, 09 May 2016, retrieved 24 April 2017

Monarch 1913

Monarch (automobile) 1913 american. Wrong ??? Misleading - Conflating two companies. Aurora 1906 (de: Monarch Motor Car Company (Illinois) and Detroit 1913 (de: Monarch Motor Car Company (Michigan)
Monarch Motor Car Company of Detroit Michigan was founded by Joseph Bloom in 1913.^[1]
... at least two companies attempted to sell cars with the Monarch brand name prior to 1916, the first the Monarch Automobile Company of Aurora Illinois sold runabouts with guaranteed air cooled motors in 1906 and the second Monarch Motor Car Company of Detroit Michigan was founded by Joseph Bloom in 1913.^[1]

Disambiguation - de: Monarch Motor Car Company (Michigan) Weitere US-amerikanische Hersteller von Personenkraftwagen der Marke Monarch waren Milwaukee Motor Manufacturing Company, Monarch Automobile Company, Monarch Motor Car Company (Illinois) und Monarch Machine Company. Translated from German wiki above - (Other) American manufacturers of de: Personenkraftwagen of the brand "Monarch" were :

Disambiguation - R Walker & Sons, Tyseley, Birmingham, Great Britain, Monarch (1912 automobile) UK.
- Graces Guide.^[2]
- Makers of motorcycles and cars (1912-14)
- 1912 Produced Monarch motorcycles but these were virtually unknown and remained unlisted up to the war years. The machine was typical of the era, with a single-cylinder engine, probably from Precision.
- 1912-14 Cyclecar powered by an 8hp V-twin Precision engine and manufactured by R. Walker and Sons
- 1913-1917 For a list of the models and prices of cars see the 1917 Red Book. Mentions R. Walker and Sons
- 1913-1917 For a list of the models and prices of motorcycles see the 1917 Red Book
- 1919/20 Took over Bayliss, Thomas and Co.
- Post WWI: Produced Monarch motorcycles from 1919 to 1921. The motorcycles were reputed to have been built as cheaper versions of Excelsior models, and fitted with 269cc Villiers and 293cc JAP engines.
- 1921 Bayliss, Thomas and Co was moved to Kings Road, Tyseley, Birmingham, and started to trade as the Excelsior Motor Co. The Walker family (father Reginald Walker and his son Eric Walker) took over and after a couple of years, they dropped the original name of Bayliss, Thomas and Co.
- Presumably later connected with R. Walker and Son

==References

Nigel Denver

Nigel Denver Folk singer
Bob Davenport (singer)

Marie Paradis

Captain Frank Frakes

Frank Frakes Wrong one.
Captain Frank Frakes, Frank Frakes (pilot)
Air-Space Magazine, Frank Frakes plane crasher
“The premiere aviator-crasher,” writes Vardi, “was a stunt pilot by the name of Captain Frank “Bowser” Frakes, a native of Tennessee who performed scores of such spectacles at fairgrounds nationwide. Frakes’ repertoire consisted of flying planes into trees, lakes, prefabricated houses, and occasionally even straight into the ground.”^[1]
Pokin Around: Pilot came up short in plane crash at county fair Pilot crashed plane into house 1938 county fair
It's been 68 years since daredevil pilot Captain F. F. Frakes was hired to crash his plane into a house at the Ozark Empire Fair, which opens for its 80th session today.^[2]
Frakes — who was also known to blow himself up with dynamite — was hired by fair executives to fly into a "house" constructed per his directions at the 1938 Ozark Empire Fair. This was his livelihood. He was paid to crash old junker airplanes at fairgrounds across the nation.^[2]
But he came up short at the Ozark Empire Fair, according to eyewitness Jack Hembree, of Springfield.^[2]
Getty Images, Stunt crash video
1938 Camel advert.

==References

Paul Daher

Paul Daher (fr: Paul Daher) Paul Daher (born on September 29 1854 in Marseille where he died on September 4 1938) was a French shipowner, merchant and politician of Syrian origin, father of André Daher (fr: André Daher) and great-grandfather of the current CEO of the Daher company, Patrick Daher (fr: Patrick Daher).
Daher
André Daher fr: André Daher
André Daher was a French shipowner and politician of Syrian origin, born on 1 st February 1891 in Marseille (Bouches-du-Rhône ) and died on November 25 , 1974 in Marseille.(1,2)

... fr: Patrick Daher ... ... fr: Alphonse Barban

==History==
Daher was originally established in 1863 as a shipping company based in Marseille, France, by Alphonse Barban. During 1871, the company was taken over by Paul Daher.^[1]

During 1880, one of the company's ships, the Herald of the Morning completed the Marseille – San Francisco crossing in a record-breaking time of 100 days, achieved by going around the treacherous Cape Horn.^[2]

Paul Daher (born on September 29 , 1854 in Marseille 1 , 2 , where he died on September 4 , 1938 3 ) is a French shipowner, merchant and politician of Syrian origin, 4 , 5 , 6 father of André Daher and great-grandfather of the current CEO of the Daher company, Patrick Daher.

The parents of Paul Daher arrive in Marseille in the middle of the xix th century . They are wool and cotton merchants from Aleppo and fleeing Ottoman persecutions against Christians 7 , 8 .

He obtained a literary baccalaureate at the Lycée de Marseille 9 , 10 .

His father died when he was 14.

==Career

After obtaining his baccalaureate, he was hired by a friend of his mother, Alphonse Barban, who owned a trading company in Marseille, and whose main client is Lafarge .

In 1882, he became Barban's partner. In 1886, Barban and Daher had seven employees.

Daher also created another company in 1895, the Société de Navigation à Vapeur Daher, which specializes in the transport of locomotives, trams, autobous, railroad cars, and opened a first line to Tunisia.

In 1898, on the retirement of Alphonse Barban, the founder of the company, Paul Daher took over the company and transforms it into a shipping and trading group that he names Daher & Cie. Well introduced into the Marseille aristocracy, which he attended at the Lycée de Marseille, became a member of the board of directors of the Société générale des transports maritimes and the Société immobilière de Marseille 10 .

From 1909, Daher surrounded himself with members of his family to make his business grow.

In 1932, he moved away from his professional obligations due to health concerns.

In 1922, when Atatürk abolished the Ottoman Empire, Paul Daher applied for French nationality.

He was, for a number of years, Vice-Consul of Turkey in Marseilles.

He was appointed Knight of the National Order of the Legion of Honor in 1912 9 .

Volcanoes in Iceland

[19] Volcanoes in Iceland: Names, Facts, and Features / By icelandorg

Volcanoes are one of the main geographic features of Iceland. It is considered that Iceland is the home to one-third of the lava that ever flowed on Earth. As much as 25% of the Iceland surface is covered with volcanoes. Today, the country has 32 volcanic systems comprising 130 different volcanic mountains.

In terms of activity, some are still active, and others are considered extinct. In contrast, in terms of structure, some are stratovolcanoes (mountainous with cone-shaped peaks), others are covered with glaciers, and there are those with flat tops and steep sides (tuyas).

Öræfajökull is the largest active volcano in iceland and also the home of the highest peak (2119 meters). However, because of their frequent activity, the most well-known volcanoes are Hekla, with 18 eruptions in recent history, and Katla, with 20 eruptions since the settlement of Iceland.

Here is a list of the volcanoes in Iceland:

- Askja (1516 meters), - Bárðarbunga (2005 meters), - Brennisteinsfjöll (626 meters), - Eldfell (279 meters), - Eldgjá (800 meters), - Esjufjöll (1760 meters), - Eyjafjallajökull (1666 meters), - Fagradalsfjall (385 meters), - Fremrinámur (939 meters), - Grensdalur (497 meters), - Grímsnes (214 meters), - Grímsvötn (1725 meters), - Hekla (1491 meters), - Helgafell (73 meters), - Hengill (803 meters), - Herðubreið (1682 meters) - Hofsjökull (1782 meters) - Holuhraun (778 meters), - Hrómundartindur (561 meters), - Hveravellir (1360 meters), - Hverfjall (420 meters), - Jólnir (64 meters), - Katla (1512 meters), - Kerlingarfjöll (1488 meters), - Kolbeinsey Ridge (8 meters), - Kollóttadyngja (1177 meters), - Krafla (650 meters), - Krakatindur (300 meters), - Krýsuvík (379 meters), - Kverkfjöll (1764 meters) , - Laki (1725 meters), - Loki-Fögrufjöll (1570 meters), - Ljósufjöll (988 meters), - Lýsuhóll (+540 meters), - Öræfajökull (2119 meters), - Prestahnúkur (1220 meters), - Reykjanes (230 meters), - Reykjaneshryggur (80 meters), - Snæfellsjökull (1448 meters), - Surtsey (155 meters), - Theistareykjarbunga (540 meters), - Thórðarhyrna (1660 meters), - Thórólfsfell (574 meters), - Thríhnákagígur (550 meters), - Tindfjallajökull (1463 meters), - Torfajökull (1280 meters), - Trölladyngja (1468 meters), - Tungnafellsjökull (1535 meters), - Vatnafjöll (1235 meters).

Alphabetic index of eruptions

(Under construction.} - Askja; See below Askja 11,000, Askja 1874, 1875, 1876, Askja 1921, 1922, 1923, 1926, 1929, Askja 1961
- Bárðarbunga

- Brennisteinsfjöll; See below Brennisteinsfjöll 5200BP

- Eldfell, - Eldgjá, - Esjufjöll, - Eyjafjallajökull,

- Fagradalsfjall; See below Fagradalsfjall 2021, Fagradalsfjall 2022, Fagradalsfjall 2023,
- Fremrinámur,

- Grensdalur; See below Grensdalur 2,500,000

- Grímsnes,
- Grímsvötn; Part of the East volcanic zone (EVZ), See below Grímsvötn 8230 BC, Grímsvötn 1332, Grímsvötn 1341, Grímsvötn 1354, 1598, 1603, 1619, 1629, 1638, 1659, 1684-85, 1774, 1783-84, 1797, 1807, 1816, 1854, 1861, 1867, 1873, 1883, 1885, 1887, 1889, 1892, 1897, 1902-04, 1905-06, 1908-09, 1910, 1922, 1923, 1933, 1938, 1941, 1945, 1954, 1983, 1984, 1996, 1998, 20 04, 2011, Eruptive activity - Grímsvötn,

- Hekla; Part of the East volcanic zone (EVZ), See below Hekla 5000 BC, Hekla 3900 BC, Hekla 2500 BC, Hekla 1000-900 BC, Hekla 800, 1104, 1158, 1206, 1222, 1300, 1341, 1389, 1440, 1510, 1554, 1597, 1636-37, 1693, 1725, 1766-68, 1845-46, 1878, 1913, 1947-48, 1970, 1980-81, 1991, Hekla 2000, Eruptive activity - Hekla,

- Helgafell, - Hengill, - Herðubreið, - Hofsjökull, - Holuhraun, - Hrómundartindur, - Hveravellir, - Hverfjall,

- Ingólfsfjall; See below Ingólfsfjall 400,000

- Jólnir,

- Katla; Part of the East volcanic zone (EVZ), See below Katla 10,000, Katla 1000 BC, Katla 920, Katla 934, Katla 1000, Katla 1179 , Katla 1245, Katla 1311, Katla 1357, Katla 1416, 1480, 1580, 1612, 1625, 1660, 1693, 1721, 1755, 1821, 1860, 1918, 1955, Eruptive activity - Katla,

- Kerlingarfjöll, - Kolbeinsey Ridge, - Kollóttadyngja,

- Krafla; See below Krafla 500BC, Krafla 900, Krafla 1724-29, Krafla 1746, Krafla fires 1975, 1977, 1980, 1981, 1984

- Krakatindur, - Krýsuvík, - Kverkfjöll,

- Landmannalaugar; See below Landmannalaugar 1477

- Laki, Laki 1783

- Loki-Fögrufjöll, - Ljósufjöll, - Lýsuhóll, - Öræfajökull, - Prestahnúkur, - Reykjanes, - Reykjaneshryggur, - Snæfellsjökull,

- Stóra-Eldborg undir Geitahlíð; See below Stóra-Eldborg undir Geitahlíð 400BC

- Surtsey,

- Theistareykjarbunga (Þeistareykjarbunga); Part of the North volcanic zone (EVZ), See below Theistareykjarbunga 9500 BC, Theistareykjarbunga 6800 BC, Theistareykjarbunga 900 BC,

- Thórðarhyrna, - Thórólfsfell, - Thríhnákagígur, - Tindfjallajökull,

- Torfajökull; See below Torfajökull 870, Torfajökull 1477

- Trölladyngja, - Tungnafellsjökull, - Vatnafjöll.

- Vatnajökull; Part of the East volcanic zone (EVZ), See below Vatnajökull 900, Vatnajökull 905, Vatnajökull 940, Vatnajökull 1060, Vatnajökull 1160, Vatnajökull 1332, Vatnajökull 1477, 1480, 1655, 1681, 1702, 1706, 1716, 1717, 1725, 1766, 1823, 1872, 1876, 1985, 1996,

- Vatnaöldur; See below Vatnaöldur 870;
- Veiðivötn; Part of the East volcanic zone (EVZ), See below Veiðivötn 6700BC;; Veiðivötn 1200BC; Veiðivötn 940, Veiðivötn 1477

- Þjórsá Lava; See below Þjórsá Lava 6700BC

Chronological index of eruptions==

Vatnaöldur

Vatnaöldur is the name of a series of craters in the Suðurland region of Iceland. They are located in the Highlands of Iceland, northwest of the Veiðivötn and northeast of Landmannalaugar, within the municipality of Rangárþing ytra.

The craters were formed during a series of eruptions in the volcanic system of the Bárðarbunga around the year 870. These eruptions, like those of the neighbouring Veiðivötn, were from about 65 kilometres (40 mi) long volcanic fissures within the area of a lake. The mainly explosive eruptions emitted 5–10 km³ (1.2–2.4 cu mi) of tholeiite basalt.^[3]

==References

^ "History". Daher. Retrieved 29 March 2020.
^ "History". Daher. Retrieved 29 March 2020.
^ G. Larsen, Thor Thordarson: Phreatomagmatism in the Eastern Volcanic Zone; 25 July 2010

==Sources

G. Larsen, Thor Thordarson: Phreatomagmatism in the Eastern Volcanic Zone; Retrieved July 25, 2010
Commentary by volcanologist Haraldur Sigurðsson on Bárðarbunga and Vatnaöldur eruptions (Icelandic)
Vatnaöldur. The Global Volcanism Program of the Smithsonian Institution
Vulkanology by Haraldur Sigurðsson on Bárðarbunga and Vatnaöldur Eruptions (Isländish)

64°10′52″N 18°45′09″W / 64.18111°N 18.75250°W / 64.18111; -18.75250 (Vatnaöldur)

Eldeyjarboði

Eldeyjarboði, is: Eldeyjarboði
Eldey jarboði
Eldeyjarboði is a blind skerry that is about 57 km southwest of Reykjanes, Iceland. It is part of the Mid-Atlantic Ridge. The breaking waves are sometimes tens of meters high and the fishing grounds are good. It is probably a remnant of the island of Nýey that disappeared.

Nýey

Nýey, Nýeyjar, was an eruptive island that formed in 1783 due to an underwater eruption southwest of Reykjanes, Iceland. It disappeared within a year.^[1]

==History

The formation of "Nýeyjar" began on May 1, 1783. It attracted a lot of attention and some connected it to the 1783_Calabrian_earthquakes.^[1]

The captain of a "is: húkkerta" that sailed in the area, wrote in his diary about a burning island 15.7 km (9.8 mi) due southwest of Geirfuglasker. He tried to observe it but had to stay over half a mile away, due to the poisonous sulphurous smoke.^[1]

King Christian VII of Denmark named the island "Nýey", ordered an expedition to it, and dedicated it to the monarchy with a Danish flag. He also planned for an inscribed stone to be placed on the island.^[1]

It had disappeared by the summer of 1784, when Magnús Stephensen (Lawyer and Supreme Court Judge), planned to dedicate it to the king whilst en-route to Copenhagen.^[1]

==See also

==Sources

Vísindavefurinn : " How common are new islands in eruptions? “ (Vísindavefurinn: „Hversu algengt er að nýjar eyjar verði til í eldgosum?“ )^[1]

==References

^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f University of Iceland, Earth Sciences, How common are new islands in eruptions? by Professor Sigurður Steinþórsson, 9 June 2005.

Buffalo Pitts

Hiram and John Pitts - Buffalo Pitts
The Buffalo Pitts Company,
Wrench Wiki - Buffalo Pitts
Youtube - WrenchWiki
Graces Guide - Buffalo Pitts
Western New York Heritage - Buffalo Pitts
NOT SECURE - The VintageMachinery.org Buffalo Pitts Co. Buffalo, NY, U.S.A. Manufacturer Class: Metal Working Machinery & Steam and Gas Engines
Encyclopedia of American Steam Traction Engines by Jack Norbeck, 1984 page 85
- (Farm Collector - Encyclopedia of American Steam Traction Engines)
- (Jack Norbeck)
The Steam Tractor Encyclopedia by John F. Spalding & Robert T. Rhode, 2011 pages 116-118

Source - Wrench Wiki
Buffalo Pitts was an early manufacturer of agricultural implements. Twin brothers Hiram and John Pitts, blacksmiths by trade, develop a stationary thresher while in Winthrop, Maine. Wheat is grown in the expanding west, the west being Illinois at the time, so Hiram moves to Chicago while John moves to Albany and then to Rochester. While in Rochester, John partners with Daniel Carey and Joseph Hall and manufactures horse powers. (Carey’s Patent Horse Power) A dispute with Hall over a patent ends with John moving to Buffalo and forming the John A. Pitts Company. John dies in 1859 (Hiram in 1860) and his son and son-in-law take over. After a series of name changes, including incorporation as the Pitts Agricultural Works in 1877, the company becomes Buffalo Pitts in 1897. The first steam traction engine is introduced in 1882 and builds a reputation through the 1890s. The company falters by 1915 after a series of efforts to stay in business that include gasoline tractors (1912 – 1914), and airplanes.

Source - Western New York Heritage - Buffalo Pitts
Buffalo Pitts Company

The internationally-recognized manufacturing powerhouse that was the Buffalo Pitts Company began in 1837, started by J.A. and H.A. Pitts. The company specialized in steam-powered engines and vehicles such as the one here pictured (c.1900).

Its fame came from road-building equipment and agricultural tractors and threshers, the latter particularly valuable in the last half of the 19th century as the Great Plains were brought under cultivation.

The Buffalo Pitts manufacturing complex was located close to the Erie Canal and Buffalo harbor transhipment venues, occupying the blocks at Carolina and 4th Streets in the city.

In 1901, the Buffalo Pitts Company was represented at the Pan-American Exposition at the Mission Building, erected in part by Buffalo Pitts officer Carleton Sprague.

The Buffalo Pitts company continued into the 20th century but, by 1918, it was in receivership. Look for a detailed story on this company in the Fall 2004 issue of the Western New York Heritage magazine!

Source: Vintage Machinery

Twin brothers Hiram A. Pitts and John A. Pitts of Winthrop, Me., were granted a series of patents beginning in 1834. In 1837 they patented a new type of thresher, a "continuous apron" style, and they licensed it to several other manufacturers including Jerome I. Case. Hiram moved to Chicago and established an agricultural equipment manufacturer there, and John moved to Albany and then to Rochester, NY, where he partnered with Daniel Carey and Joseph Hall to build Carey's patent horse power. In 1852, Hall was assigned a thresher patent without Pitts, a move that marked the end of the partnership. John Pitts moved to Buffalo in 1851 or '52 and established his own agricultural equipment manufacturing firm, the John A. Pitts Company. On John's death in 1859 the business was taken over by son Calvin Pitts and son-in-law James Brayley. In this era the company went through a series of names, including Buffalo Agricultural Works, Pitts Agricultural Works, Brayley & Pitts' Works, and, eventually, the Buffalo Pitts Company.

1908 Buffalo Pitts Factory View

1909 Erie Canal View with Buffalo Pitts Factory in Background

Beginning in 1880 the Buffalo Pitts Co. made products of interest to this website: steam traction engines and portable steam engines. By 1900 the company was no longer thriving, and in 1914 it entered receivership. A 1915 catalog had only steam engines, the other product lines having been either discontinued or sold off. An exception was the company's thriving line of road-building machinery that was organized as a subsidiary, the Buffalo Steamroller Company. In 1916 that subsidiary merged with Kelly-Springfield Road Roller Company to create the Buffalo-Springfield Roadroller Company of Springfield, Ohio.

Meanwhile, the manufacture of steam engines continued under the Buffalo Pitts banner. Unfortunately the 1910s was the end of the steam engine era, and lacking the financial resources to modernize its product line, the Buffalo Pitts company faded away.

Information Sources Brian Szafranski's Buffalo Pitts web site provided much of the history of this company. The list of premiums awarded at the 1857 New York State Fair includes a diploma awarded to Buffalo Agricultural Works for their mortising machine. This was likely to the Buffalo Agricultural Machine Works, a similarly named but separate firm that is known to have made a mortiser. E. R. Jewett's 1858 Buffalo Directory lists Buffalo Agricultural Works, John A. Pitts, proprietor, located at Carolina corner of Third. E. R. Jewett's 1860 Buffalo Directory lists Buffalo Agricultural Works, Brayley & Pitts, proprietor, located at Carolina corner of 4th. Foreman (and machinist) was Calvin W. Pitts. The 1866 book The Manufacturing Interests of the City of Buffalo. Brayley & Pitts' Works occupy a part of two squares of ground, bounded on the Erie Canal, Carolina, Fourth and Efner streets. The late Mr. John A. Pitts came here in the year 1851; he had already established several small works: the first one in his native State, in the town of Winthrop, Maine; in Albany and Rochester N. Y. and in Springfield, Ohio, laboring all through those fourteen years with indefatigable energy and toil to introduce to the farmers this valuable machine. He was the first to establish in this city a manufactory of this kind. This establishment is indebted to him for its celebrity, mainly for the valuable inventions made by him.

This gentleman is accredited with having invented the Treading or Endless Chain Horse Power, which was patented by him in 1836; also for the first Chain Pump, and the first combined Thresher and Separator, patented in 1837; the latter is now a leading article manufactured at these works. Important improvements have been made in the construction, operation, and capacity of this machine since it was first invented, at first requiring only the power of two horses, and threshing about one hundred bushels of grain per day; now various sizes are made, for four, for size, for eight and for ten horses; also larger sizes adapted for steam power, which will thresh and clean from 2,000 to 3,000 bushels of grain per day. From five to six hundred of these machines are now made and sold annually from these works. Since first invented, there have been added some valuable improvements, one of which is for measuring, counting and bagging the grain, another for elevating the straw and delivering it on the stacks. The value of such a labor saving machine as this can hardly be computed.

In these works are moulding rooms, where they make their own castings; a large lumber yeard, where sufficient lumber is constantly on hand to be sufficiently seasoned before being worked into the machines. The iron or machine shop is large, and supplied with the best tools to be had. The wood shop is also supplied with all the most improved tools for this branch of work. The increasing demand for this machine over all others of similar style is attributed of late years to the excellency of the materials and its good construction; their renown in this respect is world wide; it is said they are the only machine that stand the very dry and scorching climate of the Pacific coast. Large numbers are sold annually for Australia, and for South America, California and Oregon. Since the close of the rebellion, orders are again coming in from Texas and other parts of the Southern country. They employ from one hundred and thirty to one hundred and fifty men, and use of pig and bar iron about one thousand tons annually. The pig iron is from the Salisbury and other charcoal furnaces, of the very best brands. The bar iron is from the rolling mills in this city.

1893 Digest of Trade Marks for Machines, Metals, Jewelry, and the Hardware and Allied Trades lists trademarks registered before 1893 to James Brayley. Age of Steel 03 May 1902, page 29 Annual report of the Attorney General of the State of New York By New York (State). Attorney General's Office 1903 page 608. On 23 Mar 1903 the Attorney General of the State of New York allowed the Buffalo-Pitts Steam Roller Works to change its name to the Buffalo Steam Roller Co. Buffalo Pitts Co. catalog 1903, page 2. 1902-04-17 American Machinist. The Buffalo Pitts Steam Roller Works, Buffalo, N. Y, has been incorporated in 1902, with a capital stock of $125,000. The company intends to manufacture road rollers and engines as well as import and export the same. The directors are Carlton Sprague, Charles M. Greiner and Henry S. Cunningham. A History of Buffalo by the Progress of the Empire State Co. 1911, page 2. Among the manufactories that have had importance in the industrial history of the city and a continuous career, is that which bears now the name of the Buffalo Pitts Company. Its founders were John A. and Hiram Pitts, twin brothers, of Winthrop, Maine, who were the first American inventors of threshing machinery, and who patented, in 1837, the first successful threshing and separating machine combined. Prior to this they had made improvements on the old style of thresher, which turned out grain, chaff and straw together, to be separated by another operation. In combining the thresher and the fanning mill, producing the "endless apron" or "grain belt" separator, they opened a new era in that line of invention, and the principles covered by their original patents have been followed in all improvements since. In 1840 John A. Pitts came to Buffalo and established the manufacture of the new threshing machine here, at the corner of Fourth and Carolina streets, from which place the shops have never been changed, though enlarged till they contain many acres of floor space. On the death of Mr. Pitts, in 1859, the management of the business passed to James Brayley, who conducted it for many years. In 1877 the proprietors were incorporated, under the name of The Pitts Agricultural Works, James Brayley president, Thomas Sully secretary. This title was changed to that of Buffalo Pitts Company in 1897, when Carleton Sprague became president of the company. Recently Mr. Sprague retired, and the present officers of the company are C. M. Greiner, president and treasurer; William G. Gomez, vice-president; John B. Olmsted, secretary. Under all administrations the business has expanded continually, its products going to all parts of the world. Those products are not only the threshing machinery for all kinds of grain, flax, rice, beans, etc., but traction and portable engines, that burn wood, coal, straw or oil for fuel; special steam traction engines for plowing, hauling and grading; road locomotives and road freight cars for hauling ore, timber, logs, etc., and special cars for carrying and spreading crushed stone. The development of the steam traction engine is due to this company. The plant of the company is operated by electric power from Niagara Falls, and is equipped with the latest and most complete system of electric and pneumatic machinery. It employs a large force of men, and the shops are run throughout the year. The company maintains important branches at Minneapolis, Fargo, Portland, Oregon, Spokane, Wichita, Houston, and other points east and west. A History of the city of Buffalo Buffalo Evening News 1908 page 91. The Buffalo Pitts Company is without doubt one of the largest and most successful manufacturers of steam traction engines and threshing machinery in the world. Its business was established here in the city of Buffalo in the year 1837, where from a small, conservative beginning the plant has grown to be one of the largest in existence, and attracts a trade unequaled by any similar industry in the history of our commerce. The main offices of the company are located here, while important branches will be found at Fargo, North Dakota; Minneapolis, Minnesota; Portland, Oregon; Spokane, Washington; Houston, Texas; Wichita, Kansas; Madison, Wisconsin; Toledo, Ohio; Omaha, Nebraska; San Francisco, California; Peoria, Illinois; and Saint Louis, Missouri. The main plant of the company is located at Fourth and Carolina streets. Here, over fifty years ago, was invented the first threshing machine with proper devices for threshing and cleaning the grain in one operation. Prior to these inventions by the Pitts brothers there existed only such machines as would thresh the grain from the head, the straw, chaff, and grain falling in a mass behind the machine, to be separated by hand. The development of the steam traction engine for motive power for threshing, hauling, grading, and plowing is due to the never-failing energy of this company. Buffalo Pitts engines will be found in every country where grain grows or highways run. From the small farm lands of the East to the Pacific Coast, in South America, Australia, the Philippine Islands, Russia, Austria, and Germany the products of the Buffalo Pitts Company are known for their excellent construction and durability. The plant of the company is not only the largest, but is the only one of its kind operated by electric power from the great falls of Niagara. It is equipped with the latest and most complete system of electric and pneumatic machinery. A large force of first-class mechanics is regularly employed, and the shops are run throughout the entire year. The products of the Buffalo Pitts Company consist of large machinery, and include traction and portable engines that burn wood, coal, straw, or oil for fuel; machinery for threshing, separating, and cleaning all kinds of grain, flax, rice, beans, and so forth; special steam traction engines for plowing, hauling, and grading; road locomotives and road freight cars for hauling ore, timber, logs, or coke; and special cars for carrying and spreading crushed stone. These products are shipped to all parts of the globe. The officers of the company are C. M. Greiner, president and treasurer; William G. Gomez, vice-president; John M. Olmsted, secretary. Steam Power on the American Farm by Reynold M. Wik, 1953 pages 252 & 254. John Avery Pitts and Hiram Abial Pitts were born in Clinton, Maine, December 8, 1799. They received common school education and learned the blacksmith’s trade in their father’s shop. They lived in Winthrop, Maine, for some years, carrying on their trade there.

The brothers early developed mechanical and inventive abilities. In 1830, they patented a threshing machine with an improved railway tread power, which consisted in the substitution, under the movable platform, of an endless chain of rollers, for the leather belt. They began the manufacture of this device, introducing it into New England States in connection with the common thresher or “Ground Hog”, as it was sometimes called. Later they conceived the idea of combining this improvement applied to the old-fashioned thresher, with the common fanning mill, in a portable form; and after years of labor, produced in 1834, the first practicable separating thresher put in actual use. Other improvements were gradually added by the two brothers, and on December 29, 1837, a joint patent was granted to them for the new machine, which was the original of the great family of “endless apron” separators. This machine was capable of threshing from 300 to 500 bushels a day. Its direct descendant, the Buffalo Pitts Steel Frame Thresher for 1910, threshes from 2,000 to 4,000 bushels of grain a day.

John A. Pitts and his brother Calvin, left Maine and engaged in the manufacturing of threshing machines, under the name of the Pitts Agricultural Works in 1837, first in Albany, N.Y. and Rochester, N.Y., then in Springfield, Ohio, and finally in Buffalo, N. Y., in 1851. They incorporated as a stock company in 1877, which is now the Buffalo Pitts Company, the name having been changed in 1897. This is the oldest threshing machinery company in the country. Mr. Pitts subsequently invented an attachment for measuring and registering the number of bushels threshed and bagged, and received a gold medal at the Paris Exposition in 1855. Hiram A. Pitts retired from the Pitts Agricultural Works in 1855, and moved to Chicago, Illinois, where he engaged in business for himself. John A. Pitts died in Buffalo, N. Y., July 1, 1859.

The growth of the business originated by Messrs. Pitts has been wonderful. In 1851, the plant consisted of two small brick buildings, one three stories and the other one story high, and a one-story frame building, 16 x 20 feet, which was used for an office. The office force consisted of three clerks, and the head clerk received a salary of $600.00 dollars a year. The property, when purchased by John A. Pitts, was a deep swamp or gully on the banks of the Erie Canal near the shore of Lake Erie. It was entirely unfit for building purposes until filled in with Lake Erie sand, which was conveyed from the beach in wheelbarrows. For this purpose four canal boats were anchored twenty feet apart, and planks extending from one to the other, which formed a portable bridge; and over this structure twenty men labored several weeks wheeling sand, and working fourteen hours a day. The number of men on the factory pay roll was in the neighborhood of one hundred and twenty. Today the factory of the Buffalo Pitts Company cover fifteen acres of floor space, and on its pay roll is an army of from seven to eleven hundred men.

The development of the machinery has been as great as that of the factory itself, from the first small thresher, scarcely larger than a grand piano, and the horse-power which operated it, to the powerful engines which plow the vast grain fields of the west, and operate the steel frame threshers of almost limitless capacity, which prepare their harvests for threshing.

Encyclopedia of American Steam Traction Engines by Jack Norbeck, 1984 page 85 The Steam Tractor Encyclopedia by John F. Spalding & Robert T. Rhode, 2011 pages 116-118

Russell & Company

C. M. Russell & Company (Too old, too small, too parochial, too primitive.)
Russell & Company (wrong company)
Russell & Company Steam Tractor,
Russell & Company (Steam Tractor) now live
Massillon, Ohio#C. M. Russell & Company

Draft

Russell & Company of Massillon, Ohio, are best known for manufacturing farm and railroad machinery in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Most notably 22,000 threshing machines and 18,000 steam tractors.^[2]^[3]^[4]

==History

In 1838 Nahum and Clement Russell started a general carpentry business in Massillon, Ohio. They used a two-story frame building, and drove the machinery by horse-power. They made plows and agricultural implements, plus building houses, furniture, burial cases, and more. The carpentry shop burned down in 1840, so Charles, Nahum and Clement – formed C.M. Russell & Co. on Jan. 1, 1842, based in an old whitewashed building called the "White Shop".^[2]^[4]

In 1842 C.M.Russell & Company was formed by Charles. M. Russell and his brothers, Nahum and Clement. On seeing Hiram and John Pitts Separator (Thresher) from Nichols and Shepard, and they understood its short-comings such that Russell & Co's improved machine took the honours at the Ohio State Fair at Columbus in 1845.^[5]^[4]^[6]

The Russells purchased stock in the Ohio & Pennsylvania Railroad, urged it to come through Massillon, and in 1852 they began producing handcars and stock cars for the railroad company. The business flourished, three more brothers joined and in 1864 it was incorporated as "Russell & Co". In 1871 the company divided; C. Russell & Co. moved to Canton, Ohio to make agricultural reapers and mowers.^[4]^[6]

In 1884, Russell & Company began producing steam traction engines and quickly became one of the largest producers of industrial and agricultural equipment.^[3]

On May 17, 1878, a fire did $150,000 of damage to machinery, wagon stock, 36 years of patterns, plus other losses. Insurance covered only $53,100, a third of the total. Two-thirds of the main building was saved and new machinery was ordered, leaving 250 men out of work. A new 250 foot long four-story brick warehouse was built.^[4] ...

Russell & Co reportedly started building Russell Steam Traction Engines after their 1878 incorporation, and by 1880, they employed 425 people on a seven acre site, with their own railroad sidetrack.^[4] ...

By 1909, the 21 acre plant had produced 18,000 farm, traction and stationary engines, plus 22,000 threshing machines. They also made sawmills, pneumatic stackers, feeders and road rollers.^[4]

===Merger and demise

By 1912, the company was in decline, and it merged with "Griscom-Spencer" Company of New Jersey. They created parts for Naval vessels during World War I, and earned an Army-Navy “E” for excellence during World War II.^[2]

In 1962, the company was purchased by Baldwin-Lima-Hamilton Company and the Massillon plant closed, laying off 800 employees).^[2]

==Products

===Steam Traction Engines

Russell steam traction engines ranged from 6 HP to 150 HP.

The 1887 6 HP Russell had self-adjusting piston rings, which would not require attention if properly lubricated.^[4]

The 1887 10 HP Russells had a patented friction clutch, reverse gear, equilibrium valve and boiler.^[4]

The 1891 10, 13 and 16 HP models, had throttle lever, brake lever, reverse lever, steam chest, cylinder cocks and rod operating the blower, all within reach from the footboard.^[4]

The 1907 single-cylinder Russells were built with in cylinder bore and stroke sizes of 6x8 inches, 7.5x10 inches, 8x10 inches, 8.25x12 inches, 9x13 inches and 10x13 inches. They burned coal or wood.^[4]

=== Steam roller

The first Russell steam roller was introduced about 1910, as a combination of a road roller and a hauling engine. The detachable rear wheel cleats enabled rolling use.^[4]

===Static steam engines

The 1901 catalogue offers static engines for factory /machine shop work. Listed as 4-Valve Automatic Engines.

==Refs

^ "The C.M. Russell Mansion...will be razed". The [Massillon] Evening Independent. CII (297): 3. June 22, 1965.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d Massillon Museum Massillon History: Industry: Russell & Company
^ ^a ^b "The Early History of The Russell & Company". Retrieved 2012-11-30.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l Farm Collector - Russell Steam Traction Engines - 100 years of threshers, road-rollers, tractors
^ C.H. Wendel, American Farm Implements & Antiques (Krause Publications: Iola, Wisc., 2004) p. 403.
^ ^a ^b "Massillon Museum | Research". Massillon Museum. Archived from the original on 2012-09-23. Retrieved 2012-11-30.

== Russell Sources

=== Sources

The C. M. Russell & Company, formed in 1842^[1] by Charles. M. Russell and his brothers, Nahum Russell and Clement Russell, manufactured threshing machines and other agricultural implements in Massillon. The company began producing train cars in 1852 and incorporated in 1864 as Russell & Company Inc.^[1]

In 1884, Russell & Company began producing its famed steam traction engines and quickly became one of the largest producers of industrial and agricultural equipment.^[2]

A merger with the Griscom-Spencer company in 1912 created the Griscom-Russell Company.^[3] Griscom-Russell produced heat exchangers for the United States Navy during World War II.^[4]

The company closed in 1962.^[1]

Massillon Museum Massillon History: Industry: Russell & Company

Nahum, and Clement Russell arrived in Massillon in 1838 to start their general carpentry trade. It began in a two-story frame building, where they ran machinery by horse-power. They made plows, threshers, and other agricultural implements, built houses and furniture, manufactured burial cases, and more.^[5]

In 1912, as Russell and Company was in decline, and it merged with New Jersey’s Griscom-Spencer Company. They created parts for Naval vessels during World War I, and earned an Army-Navy “E” for excellence during World War II. In 1962, the company was purchased by Baldwin-Lima-Hamilton Company and the Massillon plant closed its doors, laying off 800 employees (10% of the city’s workforce).^[5]

Farm Collector - Russell Steam Traction Engines - 100 years of threshers, road-rollers, tractors

On the night of May 9, 1898, the red glare of a magnificent fire stopped an opera in the middle of its performance in the Massillon, Ohio, opera house. The Russell & Co. steam traction engine business was on fire,^[6] ...

... After their carpentery shop burned in 1840, a trio of Russell brothers – Charles, Nahum and Clement – formed C.M. Russell & Co. on Jan. 1, 1842, to make threshers and horsepowers in an old whitewashed two-story building called the “White Shop.” They used a blind white horse to drive an iron and wood trimming lathe and a grindstone. “The senior partner had seen and carefully examined the Pitts-Buffalo Separator, which had already been constructed and in use.^[6] ...

... The Russells not only bought stock in the Ohio & Pennsylvania Railroad to urge it to come through Massillon, they built railroad handcars and stockcars for the company, so their new business, N.S.&C. Russell, flourished. Three more brothers joined in 1864 and the organization became Russell & Co. In 1871 the company divided; C. Russell & Co. moved to Canton, to make reapers and mowers.^[6] ...

... On May 17, 1878, a fire destroyed the Russell iron-working machinery, wagon stock and 36 years’ stock of patterns, worth $75,000 – a small fortune. Other losses totaled an additional $75,000 and insurance covered only $53,100, a third of the total. This threw 250 men out of work. Two-thirds of the main building was saved, and the next day new machinery was ordered.^[6] ...

... A new four-story brick warehouse 250 feet long was built out of this chaos, and by 1880, the company was one of the largest manufacturing plants in the west, covering seven acres, with their own railroad sidetrack. They employed 425 people.^[6] ...

... Russell Steam Traction Engines. ... Surprisingly, almost nothing is mentioned about when the Russell brothers started making Russell steam traction engines. One reference says they started shortly after their 1878 incorporation.^[6] ...

... Of course, the company was busy making its many various other products: threshers, horsepowers, railroad cars, sawmills, feeder knife grinders, etc., but it seems odd that the history is blank about the product for which they’re known best.^[6] ...

... By 1909, the plant covered 21 acres and had produced 18,000 farm, traction and stationary engines, as well as 22,000 threshing machines. They also made sawmills, pneumatic stackers, feeders and steam road rollers.^[6] ...

HERE HERE

Russell Steam Traction Engines: An Overview. ...

... Russell steam traction engines ranged from sizes of 6 HP to 150 HP. The 6 HP Russell offered in 1887 had self-adjusting piston rings, which would not require attention if properly lubricated. The 10 HP built the same year had patented features like a friction clutch, reverse gear, equilibrium valve and boiler.^[6] ...

... The 10, 13 and 16 HP Russells of 1891 had the throttle lever, brake lever, reverse lever, steam chest, cylinder cocks and rod operating the blower all within reach from the footboard.^[6] ...

... The 1907 Russells of simple single-cylinder type were built in cylinder sizes of 6-by-8-inch, 7-1/2-by-10-inch, 8-by-10-inch, 8-1/4-by-12-inch, 9-by-13-inch and 10-by-13-inch. Some Russells burned coal or wood.^[6] ...

... Other sizes includes 8, 10 “old-style improved,” 12, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 20, 22, 25, 30 and 150. It’s unclear whether there were sizes between the 30 and 150.^[6] ...

... The Russell steam roller was built starting about 1910, as a combination of a road roller and a hauling engine. Rear wheel cleats could be detached for rolling work use.^[6] ...

... etc.^[6]

Gas Engine Magazine - Bean and Pea Thresher

==References

^ ^a ^b ^c "Massillon Museum | Research". Massillon Museum. Archived from the original on 2012-09-23. Retrieved 2012-11-30.
^ "The Early History of The Russell & Company". Retrieved 2012-11-30.
^ Vogt, Margy (2009). Massillon: Reflections of a Community. Margy Vogt.
^ "WEP: Historic Topics: Greatest Generation". Massillon Museum. Retrieved 2012-11-30.^{[permanent dead link‍]}
^ ^a ^b Massillon Museum Massillon History: Industry: Russell & Company
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l ^m ⁿ Farm Collector - Russell Steam Traction Engines - 100 years of threshers, road-rollers, tractors

Russell brothers

Nahum S. Russell, 17 Feb 1813, Weston, Middlesex County, Massachusetts, 18 Nov 1891 (aged 78), Buried Massillon City Cemetery. Find a Grave - Nahum Russell
Nahum S. Russell, manufacturer, Massillon. President of the corporation of Russell & Co., manufacturers of threshers, horse-powers, portable traction engines and saw-mills; was born at Weston, Middlesex Co., Mass., Feb. 17, 1813, the fourth child of Cyrus Russell, who served with credit as an officer in the War of 1812.

Clement Russell. 29 Dec 1817, Alstead, Cheshire County, New Hampshire, Died 26 Mar 1900 (aged 82), Massillon, Stark County, Ohio, Buried Massillon City Cemetery Find a Grave, Clement Russell

Joseph K. Russell, 26 Jun 1823, Alstead, Cheshire County, New Hampshire, Death 3 Jan 1911 (aged 87), Massillon, Stark County, Ohio, Buried - Island Cemetery, Harrisville, Cheshire County, New Hampshire, Find a Grave, Joseph K Russell

Thomas H. Russell, 15 May 1828 - 2 May 1893 (aged 64). Buried - Massillon City Cemetery, Stark County, Ohio, Find a Grave, Thomas Russell

George Lewis Russell, 27 Oct 1830 - 20 Aug 1894 (aged 63), Burial Massillon City Cemetery Find a Grave, George Lewis Russell

Mum. Louisa Stratton Russell, 8 Nov 1786 - 26 Apr 1879 (aged 92), Buried - Island Cemetery, Harrisville, Cheshire County, New Hampshire. Find a Grave, Louisa Stratton Russell (Mum)

Dad. Cyrus Russell, Birth unknown, Died Dec 1872, Buried Island Cemetery, Harrisville, Cheshire County, New Hampshire. Served with credit as an officer in the War of 1812. Find a Grave, Cyrus Russell, Dad

The Bros. For a more extended account of the Russell family, the reader is referred to the genealogical statement of the Russell Bros. Few men have had more humble beginnings than they, or have achieved for themselves a brighter and clearer record as business men; by their zeal and unflagging industry, have pioneered their way through an eventful past, man times dark and portentious, surviving panics and hard seasons, which at times seemed ready to engulf them into business disaster and ruin, yet by their adherence to the principles of right and justice, coupled with their noted energy and praiseworthy fidelity to their business and its consequent obligations they surmounted the difficulties that have environed their pathway and distinguished themselves as manufacturers and stalwart business men, and are now sending their products all over the world, the manufacture of which gives direct employment at their shops to hundreds of men, and indirectly to thousands of others.Find a Grave - Russell Bros

Nahum, the eldest of the six brothers living, was raised on the home farm. His advantages for schooling were poor, attending school a short time during the winter months, and working at home during the remaining part of the year. In the winter of 1831, he went to Walpole, New Hampshire to learn the trade of carpenter and joiner, serving for three years as an apprentice. During his apprenticeship, he strove to improve himself in every way; realizing the advantages of an education, attended the Academy at Walpole what time he could spare from his labor. In the spring of 1825, he moved to Keene, N.H., where he remained one year working at his trade. Afterward went to Virgennes and Buffalo and New York. Afterward went to Cleveland and assisted in building the American Hotel on Superior street. He remained in Cleveland until 1838, when with his brothers, Charles M. and Clement, he came to Massillon, and in connection with them engaged in the building and contracting business. April 27, 1841, he was married to Esther K. Millard, born Feb. 29, 1819, in New York daughter of William J. Millard, born Feb. 28, 1796, whose wife was Elizabeth J. Ball, born Oct. 12, 1800. Jan. 1, 1842, in connection with his brothers, Charles and Clement, formed a co-partnership under the style of C. M. Russell & Co., for the manufacture of threshers and horse-powers, in conjunction with their business as carpenters and builders. Their capital stock was but $1,500; thus starting with a small capital they built and by hard work and tireless energy and perseverance, one of the largest and most prosperous manufacturing establishments in the country, giving employment to hundreds of men.Find a Grave - Russell Bros

For a more general account of the business, etc., the reader is referred to the history of the business interests of Massillon, of which this is the most prominent. Mr. Russell had three children born to him, but two living -- Flora, wife of J. W. McClymonds, of this city, and Anna, wife of Louie McClymonds, who are residents of Cleveland. Mary Louisa died March 10, 1861, aged 19 years. Find a Grave - Russell Bros

Russell Motor Vehicle Company

Russell Motor Vehicle Company
de: Russell Motor Vehicle Company - Cleveland Ohio

Sources

de: Russell Motor Vehicle Company. EL Russell had developed a prototype in 1902 . In November of the same year he founded the company together with business people FL Langer and CE Thompson. The seat was in Cleveland , Ohio . Automobile production began in the summer of 1903. The brand name was Russell . Production ended in 1904. In total, only a few vehicles were built.

The Complete Encyclopedia 1885-Present G. N. Georgano

Russell (US) 1902-1904

Russell Motor Vehicle Company, Cleveland, Ohio

This make of motor buggy, with small wire wheels, used a diminutive 4-cylinder engine of 6hp placed under the body. ... self starting ... tiller ... .

Russell - Canada Cycle & Motor Company

Russell Motor Car Company - Toronto. 1905-1916
Canada Cycle & Russell Motor Company - Toronto. 1905-1916

Sources

The Complete Encyclopedia 1885-Present G. N. Georgano

Russell (CDN) 1905-1916

Canada Cycle and Motor Company, Toronto, Ontario, 1905-1910
Russell Motor Car Company Ltd, Toronto, Ontario 1912-1916

The Russel was Canada's foremost luxury car in the years before World War 1. ... CCM was founded in 1899 ... .

Grímsvötn

8230 BC - Grímsvötn The eruption was VEI 6, producing some 15 km³ (3.6 cu mi) of tephra.^[1]^[2]

1332 - in Vatnajökull (Vatnajökli), probably in Grímsvötn.

1341 - ? Grímsvötn.

1354 - ? Grímsvötn.

1598 - Grímsvötn.

1603 - Grímsvötn.

1619 - Grímsvötn.

1629 - Grímsvötn.

1638 - Grímsvötn.

1659 - Grímsvötn.

1684-85 - Grímsvötn. A major lava flow in Jökulsá á Fjöllum, one person died and a number of livestock.

1753 - southwest of Grímsvatn

1774 - Grímsvötn.

1783-84 - Skaftáreldar / Grímsvötn. Lava flowed along Skaftá and Hverfisfljót down into the lowlands and covered about 580 km² (220 sq mi). Ash fall and poisoning caused hay failure and famine all over the country.

1797 - Grímsvötn.

1807 - Grímsvötn.

1816 - Grímsvötn.

1838 - Grímsvötn.

1854 - Grímsvötn.

? 1861 - Grímsvötn.

1867 - Grímsvötn.

1873 - Grímsvötn.

1883 - Grímsvötn.

? 1885 - Grímsvötn.

1887 - Grímsvötn.

1889 - Grímsvötn.

1892 - Grímsvötn.

1897 - Grímsvötn.

1902-04 - Grímsvötn.

1905-06 - Grímsvötn.

1908-09 - Grímsvötn.

1910 - Grímsvötn. Ashfall was observed in the east of the country from June to November.

1922 - Grímsvötn. The eruption began at the end of September and ended within a month.

1923 - Grímsvötn. Smágos.

1933 - Grímsvötn. Smágos.

1934 - Grímsvötn. The eruption began at the end of March and lasted until mid-April.

1938 - Grímsvötn. An eruption north of the caldera but did not emerge from the glacier ice.

? 1941 - Grímsvötn. Possible eruption.

? 1945 - Grímsvötn. Possible eruption.

? 1954 - Grímsvötn. Possible eruption.

1983 - Grímsvötn. A small eruption at the end of May.

? 1984 - Grímsvötn. Probably a small eruption.

1996 - 1996 eruption of Gjálp (Gjálpargosið / Bárðarbunga). An eruption began on 30 September in a 4–5 km (2.5–3.1 mi) fissure under a glacier between Bárðarbunga and Grímsvatn and lasted until 13 October. The seismic activity indicated a magma flow from Bárðarbunga. Melting water flowed to Grímsvatn and ran from there to Skeiðarársandur on 5 November.
1998 - Grímsvötn. 18. - 28 December.

2004 - Grímsvötn. The eruption began on November 1.

2011 - Grímsvötn. (2011 eruption of Grímsvötn), The Plinian eruption began on May 21 and caused major disruption to air travel in Northwestern Europe from 22–25 May 2011.

Krýsuvík fires

The Krýsuvík fires were a period of volcanic activity in a fissure swarm known as Krýsuvík (is: Krýsuvíkureldar) on the Reykjanes peninsula.^[3]^[4]^[5]^[6]

The fires started in the middle of the 12th century, probably in 1151 and written sources indicate that they ended in 1188. Lava flows associated with the Krýsuvík fires are Ögmundarhraun, Mávahlíðahraun and Kapelluhraun .* ^[3]^[4]^[5]^[6]

==References

^ "Holocene Volcano List". Global Volcanism Program. Smithsonian Institution. 2013. Retrieved 2 June 2020.
^ "Grímsvötn". Global Volcanism Program. Smithsonian Institution. 2013. Retrieved 2 June 2020.
^ ^a ^b Yfirlit um síðasta gosskeið á Reykjanesskaga – 800-1240 e.Kr - Isor.is Overview of the last eruption period on the Reykjanes peninsula - 800-1240 AD
^ ^a ^b KRÝSUVÍKURELDAR I – ALDUR ÖGMUNDARHRAUNS OG MIÐALDALAGSINS - Ferlir.is Krysuvikureldfar I - Age of Ögmundarhraun and the MiddleAge - Ferlir.is
^ ^a ^b MBL.is, A 50 km long fissure line stretches from Krýsuvík
^ ^a ^b - Eldey.is, Reykjanes

Moritz von Jacobi

Moritz von Jacobi ... First electric motor? 1834 ... Prototype Electric car? ... trashed by Luddite rail workers?
In 1838 or 39, the Prussian physicist Moritz Jacobi constructed the world's first electrically propelled boat. The Electromagnetic Engine
Sibrandus Stratingh ... Groningen, The world's first electric car, 1835, designed by nl: Sibrandus Stratingh ( een Nederlandse hoogleraar scheikunde en uitvinder !!!) ... The Electromagnetic Engine
Guiseppe Domenico Botto (1791-1865) (1791-1865) was Professor of the University of Turin. His electric engine used swinging coils mounted on a sort of pendulum. The Electromagnetic Engine
Salvatore dal Negro Italian, built in 1832 the first electric engine with a quantifiable power outout. Rotary motion was obtained from a pendulum with a rachet device, and it could lift 60 grams by 5 centimeters in one second and so hence developed nearly 30 mW of mechanical power. The Electromagnetic Engine

Salagou

Cabot fault

Cabot fault

Great Glen Fault ... The fault continues on the North American side of the North Atlantic Ocean, but is no longer part of a contiguous fault, as the complete fault was broken when the Mid-Atlantic Ridge formed 200 million years ago. The North American side of the fault runs through the length of northwestern Newfoundland, Canada, as the Cabot Fault (Long Range Fault) and on into the Gulf of St. Lawrence.^[1]

Aspy Fault ... is a strike-slip fault that runs through 40 km of Cape Breton, Nova Scotia and is often thought to be a part of the Cabot Fault/ Great Glen Fault system of Avalonia.^[2]^[3]

Nature, 14 July 1962 ... Cabot Fault, An Appalachian Equivalent of the San Andreas and Great Glen Faults and some Implications for Continental Displacement by John Tuzo Wilson.

Memorial University of Newfoundland - Tectonics and basin deformation in the Cabot Strait area and implications for the late Paleozoic development of the Appalacians in the St. Lawrence Promontory. George S Langdon, 1996 Thesis (Doctoral (PhD)). ...

The Cabot Strait lies astride the Cabot Fault system at the eastern extent of the Magdalen Basin, a pull-apart structure which was the depocentre of the regional Maritimes successor basin during the late Devonian to early Permian development of the Canadian Appalachians. Under the Cabot Strait two linear grabens parallel the major fault trends and preserve up to 6 km of Devonian to Carboniferous sedimentary rocks.

In Part I of this study these strata have been mapped using conventional reflection seismic data, with support from potential field and onshore geological data. A series of major dextral strike-slip faults, including the Cape Ray Fault, the Hollow-St. George's Bay Fault, and the Red Island Fault parallel the regional trend, and define a wrench borderland geometry with the Cabot Fault as the master fault. The Cape Ray Fault is shown to have played a role in middle to late Devonian basin formation as well as Carboniferous deformation, while the others were active only in the Carboniferous. Four unconformities yield timing of movement along the faults and allow correlations to be made with regional deformation. Classic wrench-related features such as restraining bends, flower structures and inversion profiles are present in the Cabot Strait-Bay St. George area.

In Part II, the middle Devonian and later modification of the orogen at the St. Lawrence Promontory is examined through a series of crustal profiles, terrane configuration sketches, and paleogeographic reconstructions. Data pertaining to the Salinic and Acadian events are compiled, and evidence is presented for the development of the preHorton/Horton basins as extensional collapse features associated with the overthickening of the crust at the collision of two promontories. Overstepping, mainly post-Tournaisian basin development is seen primarily as a consequence of dextral strike-slip. Both of the above processes were enhanced and overprinted in Newfoundland by tectonic ejection of crustal blocks away from the St. Lawrence Promontory. Localized terrestrial basins such as the Deer Lake Basin are related mainly to this latter process. The reconstructions further reveal that the distribution of pre-existing lower Paleozoic terranes can be explained by an evolving series of dextral strike-slip faults centered on the Cabot Fault system.

Part III consists of a series of paleogeographic reconstructions of lands bordering the North Atlantic, which allow conclusions of the foregoing chapters to be projected on a regional scale. The Silurian-early Devonian tectonic development of the St. Lawrence Promontory is visualized as a process of sinistral terrane accretion, featuring a continuum of terrane sizes, ranging from slivers to microplates. For the mid-Devonian and later, arguments are made for tectonic processes which have been accepted for some time in Europe, but which have not been fully evaluated in the Canadian Appalachians, such as tectonic indentation {wedging), tectonic escape and extensional collapse. The Maritimes Basin is interpreted to have evolved in two phases, the first related to Appalachian crustal overthickening and collapse, and the second related to Variscan foreland strike-slip. This latter transcurrent faulting is attributed to the action of the Iberian indentor and consequent escape of West Avalonia, and not to large scale rotation of the combined Laurentia + Baltica plate

Cabot Strait

==References

^ Redfern, Ron (November 2001). Origins: The Evolution of Continents, Oceans and Life. University of Oklahoma Press. pp. 82–83. ISBN 978-0-8061-3359-1.
^ Wilson, Tuzo (14 July 1962). "Cabot Fault, An Appalachian Equivalent of the San Andreas and Great Glen Faults and some Implications for Continental Displacement". Nature. 195 (4837): 135–138. Bibcode:1962Natur.195..135W. doi:10.1038/195135a0.
^ Dewey, John F.; Kennedy, Michael J.; Kidd, William S.F. (1983). "A geotraverse through the Appalachians of northern Newfoundland" (PDF). In Nicholas Rast; Frances M. Delany (eds.). Profiles of Orogenic Belts. Geodynamics Series. Vol. 10. American Geophysical Union.

The New Yorker - The really big one

New Yorker - The really big one

Yellowstone hotspot

Yellowstone hotspot
Crooked River caldera 29.5mya find refs?
'Nick On The Fly' #14 - Smith Rock Tuff

Les Sculptures Sonores

Les Sculptures Sonores - the Sound Sculptures of Bernard and Francois Baschet
Bernard and Francois Baschet
Delia Derbyshire
Delia and the Doctor: How to cook up a tune for a Time Lord. Making music from broadcast test equipment the Radiophonic Workshop way
Good Reads : Les Sculptures Sonores: the Sound Sculptures of Bernard and Francois Baschet by François Baschet
Delia Derbyshire interview with BBC Radio Scotland (1997)
Les Sculptures Sonores: The First Fifty Years
!!! Baschet Brothers
The Baschet Story
fr: Bernard Baschet
fr: Cristal Baschet, Cristal baschet
Dean Shostak Plays Cristal Baschet ...
Dreamland // Cristal Baschet & Ayasa Handpan // Karinn Helbert & Jeremy Nattagh ...

Geology 101

Nick Zentner: ... ... Geol 101 - #01 Introduction ... ... Geol 101 - #17 Igneous Rocks ... ... Geol 101 - #18 Styles of Volcanism ... ... Geol 101 - #19 Nisqually Earthquake

... Nick From Home' Livestream #1 - Volcanoes ...

... Nick on the Rocks ...

... Downtown Geology Lecture Series - Wenatchee Ice Age Floods ...

Marcel Leyat

Marcel Leyat ...
Leyat was a French automobile manufacturer, established in 1919 in Paris
de: Leyat ...
fr: Marcel Leyat ...
Marcel Leyat, (born March 26, 1885 Die, Drôme, died December 3, 1986) was a French engineer, inventor, aviation pioneer, aeronautical and automobile manufacturer. Leyat establishments at the Quai de Grenelle in the 15th arrondissement Paris operated from 1913 until 1927. The Hélica automobile was known as 'The plane without wings'. The passengers sat behind each other as in an aircraft, and it was driven by a giant propeller powered by an 8 bhp (6.0 kW) Scorpion engine. The body of the vehicle was made of plywood.

==Early life and education ... Born in Die, Drôme, he graduated from the École Centrale Paris in 1907.

==Career ... From 1908, he worked for the Société Astra and built a biplane glider called the Quand Quelle (When, which).^[1] In 1909 he targeted 'the first powered crossing of the English Channel', but Louis Blériot succeeded on July 21, three weeks before his De Dion-Bouton 5 hp powered plane completed a flight of 200 metres (220 yd) at 10 metres (33 ft) elevation on August 15th. In 1910, he built a propeller driven biplane 11 metres (36 ft) long and 16 metres (52 ft) wide. He obtained the FAI pilot 's license in 1911. During the First World War, he built several aircraft, including a "living wing" bomber. In all, he designed and built around thirty different aircraft up to World War II.^[1]

He moved to Meursault in 1922 .

Biography The aviator Marcel Leyat studied at the École centrale de Paris and graduated in 1907. From 1908, he worked for the Astra 2 Company , and Leyat built a biplane glider called the Quand Quelle , then a second, towed by a de Dion of 5 hp , with which it performs a flight of 200 m at 10 m from the ground onAugust 15, 19092 . He pretended in 1909 to the first crossing of the English Channel , but Blériot carried out his theJuly 21.

In 1910, he built a propeller biplane 11 m long and 16 m wide. He obtained the FAI pilot 's license in 1911. During the First World War , he built several aircraft, including a "living wing" bomber.

In all, he designed and built around thirty different aircraft up to World War II .

==References...

^ ^a ^b L'Hélica Marcel Layat, archives en ligne [revue de presse, biographie, actualités d'époque].

Flood Volcanism

List of volcanic eruptions on Iceland

== Prehistoric eruption

about 16,000,000 years ago - the oldest known rock in Iceland was formed in a lava eruption.
about 6700 BC. - A large eruption in the Veiðivötn (is:Veiðivötn) area, then the great Þjórsá Lava flowed. This is the largest lava eruption known to have taken place in Iceland. The Þjórsá lava field is up to 1000 square kilometers in area and flowed over 100 km to the sea and forms the coast between Þjórsá and Ölfusá.
about 5000 BC - Hekla (H5). The first acidic eruption in Hekla. The ash layer H5 is found in soil in the central highlands and in many parts of the North.
about 3000 BC. - Vestmannaeyjar (Westman Islands). Formation of Helgafell and the older lava on Heimaey.
about 2500 BC. - Hekla (H4)
about 1200 BC - Veiðivatnasvæði, Búrfellshraun flowed from a series of craters near Veiðivötn, on the one hand to Þórisós and on the other hand down with Tungná and Þjórsá all the way down to Landsveit
about 1000 BC - Katla. Two ash layers in the South and the Reykjanes peninsula.
about 900 BC. - Hekla (H3)
circa 250 AD - Snæfellsjökull
540 and 547 e. ISK - Icelandic volcano, location unknown. Repeated eruptions, probably in the same volcano in the years 540 to 542 and 547 AD.^[1]^[2]

== 9th 10th centuries

circa 870 - Ash and lava eruptions in Vatnaöldur (de: Vatnaöldur), form the settlement layer
circa 900 - Afstapahraun (is: Afstapahraun)
circa 900 - Vatnajökull
circa 900 - Krafla
circa 900 - Hallmundarhraun (is: Hallmundarhraun) lava flows.
circa 900 - Rauðhálsahraun in Hnappadalur (is: Hnappadalur)
circa 905 - Vatnajökull
circa 920 - Reykjanes, location uncertain, but t tuff layer from the eruption is known.
circa 920 - Katla (ash layer called Katla-R)
circa 934 - Katla and Eldgjá. A large lava flow from Eldgjá flowed over Álftaver (is: Álftaver), Meðalland and Landbrot (is: Landbrot). Probably the earthquake that Molda-Gnúpur and his people fled from according to "Settlement". Landnáma also tells about the formation of Sólheimasandur in the great course of Jökulsá .
circa 940 - Vatnajökull / Veiðivötn (is:Veiðivötn) (volcanic layer in NA-land)
circa 999 or 1000 - Svínahraun (lava)
circa 1000 - Katla. A tuff layer survives.

== 11th century

circa 1060 - Vatnajökull

== 12th century

1104 - Hekla. Its first and greatest eruption in historical time. Heavy ash fall to the north and northeast. Þjórsárdalur was destroyed, incl. the town of Stöng (is: Stöng (bær)).
1151 - Krýsuvíkureldar (is: Krýsuvíkureldar). Eruption in Trölladyngju; Ögmundarhraun and Kapelluhraun lava flow.
1158 - Hekla, second eruption
circa 1160 - ? in Vatnajökull (Vatnajökli)
1160-1180 - Two eruptions in the sea off Reykjanes (ash layer known)
1179 - Katla. Sources are unclear, but ash layers found in Greenland Glaciers.
1188 - ? Rjúpnadyngju lava flow and Mávahlíða lava flow. Rjúpnadyngjuhraun og Mávahlíðahraun runnu

== 13th century

1206 - Hekla, eruption number 3
1210-1211 - from Reykjanes. Eldey formed
1222 - Hekla, eruption number 4
1223 - off Reykjanes, location uncertain.
1225 - off Reykjanes, location uncertain.
1226-1227 - some eruptions in Reykjanes. They are owned by Yngra Stampahraun, (Klofningahraun), Eldvarpahraun, Illahraun and Arnarseturshraun. Sandy winter due to a large ash eruption at Reykjanestá and the so-called Medieval Valley fell. Hardness as a result.
1231 - off Reykjanes, location uncertain.
1238 - off Reykjanes, location uncertain.
1240 - off Reykjanes, location uncertain.
1245 - Katla. Fire and lava from Sólheimajökull.
1262 - Katla. Fire with heavy ash fall in Sólheimajökull. The last people at Sólheimasandur (is: Sólheimasandur)
1300-1301 - Hekla, eruption number 5. Heavy ash fall in Skagafjörður and famine as a result.

== 14th century

1311 - Katla. Darkness in the Eastfjords and ash fall in many parts of the country. Major lava flow, probably on Mýrdalssandur, but sources are unclear and contradictory. Crop and hay failure the following year with associated casualties.

1332 - in Vatnajökull (Vatnajökli), probably in Grímsvötn
1340 - ? Sulphur mountains (no lava from the 14th century known on the Reykjanes peninsula)
1341 - Hekla, eruption number 6. The ash spread west through Borgarfjörður and Akranes. Great death, especially in Rangárvellir (is: Rangárvellir) and many settlements were destroyed.
1341 - ? Grímsvötn
1354 - ? Grímsvötn
1357 - Katla. Extensive soda (lava?) and damage.
1362 - Knappafellsjökull. The largest ash eruption in Icelandic history. Litla-Hérað (Öræfasveit) was completely destroyed and few seem to have escaped. The group was called Öræfi when it started to rebuild and the glacier Öræfajökull. Most of the ash was carried east to the sea, but destroyed much of Hornafjörður and Lónshverfi along the way. Jökulhlaup to Skeiðarársandur and out to sea.

1372 - north-west of Grímseyjar
1389-1390 - in and around Hekla, eruption number 7. Norðurhraun lava flows, Skarð, Tjaldastaðir and maybe more towns are subsumed.

==15th century

1416 - Katla
1422 - off Reykjanes an island is formed and lasts for several years.
1440 - Hekla or surroundings
1477 - at Heljargjárrein. Eruption on a long fissure in Veiðivötn west of Vatnajökull.
circa 1480- 1500 - Katla
about 1500 - in Vatnajökull

==16th century

1510 - Hekla eruption number 8. A large eruption with heavy ash fall to the south. The largest Hekla lava field from historical times. Extensive land degradation in Rangárvallasýsla as a result.
1554 - Vondubjallar southwest of Hekla. The eruption lasted for 6 weeks in the spring. Red bells formed and from them flowed Pálssteinshraun.
1580 - Katla
circa 1582 - at Eldey
1597 - Hekla, eruption number 9. From January 3 into the summer. Volcanic eruptions were widespread but caused little living space, although mainly in Mýrdalur.
1598 - Grímsvötn

==17th century

1603 - Grímsvötn
1612 - Katla (and / or Eyjafjallajökull). The eruption began on October 16, but sources do not agree on which glacier erupted, Katla is considered more likely.
1619 - Grímsvötn
1625 - Katla. September 2 - 14 . Large eruption with heavy ash fall to the east. 25 towns were deserted. Þorsteinn Magnússon, abbot of Þykkvabær, wrote a report on the eruption, the first of its kind in Iceland.
1629 - Grímsvötn
1636-37 - Hekla, eruption number 10 began on May 8 and lasted for over a year. Ash fall to the northeast and little damage.
1637-38 - by the Westman Islands
1638 - Grímsvötn
1655 -? probably an eruption in Vatnajökull, probably in Kverkfjöll. Big lava flow in Jökulsá á Fjöllum.
1659 - Grímsvötn
1660-61 - Katla. The eruption began on November 3 and lasted until the end of the year. A small ash fall but a large flow on Mýrdalssandur and cut Höfðabrekka off.
1681 - in Vatnajökull
1684-85 - Grímsvötn. A major lava flow in Jökulsá á Fjöllum, one person died and a number of livestock.
1693 - Hekla, eruption number 11 began on 13 February and lasted until the autumn. Heavy ash fall to the northwest at the beginning of the eruption which caused great and permanent damage in the surrounding areas.
1693 - Katla
1697 - in Vatnajökull

==18th century

1702 - in Vatnajökull
1706 - in Vatnajökull
1711-12 - Kverkfjöll
1716 - in Vatnajökull
1717 - in Vatnajökull
1721 - Katla. Heavy ash fall, about 1 km³ and a big lava flow.
1724-29 - Mývatnseldar . Lava flowed into Lake Mývatn and the volcanic crater Víti by Krafla formed.
1725 - in Vatnajökull
1725 - southeast of Hekla
1726 - in Vatnajökull
1727 - Öræfajökull, at the glacier roots above Sandfellsskerji. 3 died.
1729 - Kverkfjöll
1746 - Mývatnseldar, 1 eruption
1753 - southwest of Grímsvatn
1755-56 - Katla. The eruption began on October 17 and lasted until mid-February. A large amount of ash, about 1.5 km³, reached the northeast and caused great damage in Skaftártunga, Álftaveri and Síða. A big lava flow on Mýrdalssandur, mostly west of Hafursey. Lightning killed 2 people. About 50 towns were deserted, most of them only temporarily.
1766 - west of Vatnajökull, probably in Bárðarbunga.
1766-68 - Hekla, eruption number 12. Ash fall in Húnavatns- and Skagafjarðarsýsla counties. 10 lands were deserted.
1774 - Grímsvötn
1783 - on Reykjaneshrygg southwest of Eldey. Nýey rose from the sea but soon disappeared again.
1783 - Laki
1783-84 - Skaftáreldar / Grímsvötn. Lava flowed along Skaftá and Hverfisfljót down into the lowlands and covered about 580 km². Ash fall and poisoning caused hay failure and famine all over the country.
1797 - Grímsvötn

==19th century

1807 - Grímsvötn
1816 - Grímsvötn
1821 - Katla
1821-23 - Eyjafjallajökull. The eruption began weakly on December 19, no lava flowed but some ash fell. Subsequently Lava flowed north to Markarfljót.
1823 - Vatnajökull
1830 - Eldeyjarboði
1838 - Grímsvötn
1845-46 - Hekla, eruption number 13 began on September 2 and lasted for about 7 months. Heavy ash fall to the southeast and a lava flow in Ytri-Rangá. Lava flowed west and northwest, about 25 km², so the town of Næfurholt had to be relocated.
1854 - Grímsvötn
1860 - Katla. A little soda.
? 1861 - Grímsvötn
1862-64 - at Heljargjárrein. The eruption began on June 30 in a 15 km long fissure north of Tungnaárjökull. Trollagígar formed there and Tröllahraun flowed from them.
1867 - Grímsvötn
1867-68 - Mánáreyjar
1872 - in Vatnajökull
1873 - Grímsvötn
1874 - Askja. Likely eruption in February. Gas was seen.
1875 - Askja. Lava eruption began on January 3 . Sigketill began to form later that month.
1875 - Askja. A lava eruption began in Sveinagjá in Mývatnsöræf on 18 February on a 25 km long fissure. It lasted until mid-August and flowed from Nýjahraun. It is believed to be a magma flow from Askja.
1875 - Askja One of the largest ash eruptions in Icelandic history began on March 28 and lasted for about 8 hours. Eruption from Víti and other craters. Heavy damage from ash fall in the middle of East Iceland and many towns were deserted. Many East Fjord people moved to the West as a result. Öskjuvatn was formed and it grew steadily. Eruptions occurred for several months.
1876 - Askja. The last flame was seen at the end of the year.
1876 - in Vatnajökull
1878 - Krakatindur east of Hekla
1879 - Geirfuglasker
1883 - Grímsvötn
? 1884 - Near Eldey. Unclear sources.
? 1885 - Grímsvötn
1887 - Grímsvötn
1889 - Grímsvötn
1892 - Grímsvötn
? 1896 - Probable eruption south of the Westman Islands
1897 - Grímsvötn

==20th century

1902-04 - Grímsvötn
1905-06 - Grímsvötn
1908-09 - Grímsvötn
1910 - Grímsvötn. Ashfall was observed in the east of the country from June to November.
1913 - Mundafell / Lambafit east of Hekla.
1918 - Katla. The eruption began on October 12 and ended on November 5 . The eruption reached a height of 14.3 km and caused considerable damage in [[]Skaftártunga]]. There was a lot of lava flow on Mýrdalssandur and the searchers had stopped there but a lot of money was lost.
1921 - Askja. A small lava eruption.
1922 - Askja. A small lava eruption.
1922 - Grímsvötn. The eruption began at the end of September and ended within a month.
1923 - Askja. A small lava eruption.
1923 - Grímsvötn. Smágos.
1926 - Askja. Eruption in the summer. A small island formed in Öskjuvatn.
1926 - at Eldey. Turbulence in the sea for several hours.
1927 - by Esjufjöll. A small eruption and a large lava flow off Breiðamerkurjökull that killed one person.

? 1929 - Askja

1929 - Kverkfjöll. A fire was seen for a long time during the summer.
1933 - Grímsvötn. Smágos.
1934 - Grímsvötn. The eruption began at the end of March and lasted until mid-April.
1938 - Grímsvötn. An eruption north of the caldera but did not emerge from the glacier ice.
? 1941 - Grímsvötn. Possible soda.
? 1945 - Grímsvötn. Possible soda.
1947- 48 - Hekla, eruption number 14 began on March 29 with an explosion. The plume reached a height of 30 km; ash fall to the south over Fljótshlíð and Eyjafjöll. Heklugjá opened lengthwise, about 0.8 km³ of lava flowed, mostly to the west and southwest from Axlargígur.
? 1954 - Grímsvötn. Possible soda.
? 1955 - Katla. Probably a small eruption under the glacier. A little gel.
1961 - Askja. Lava eruption began on October 26 on a 300 m long fissure and lasted until the end of November.
1963- 67 - Vestmannaeyjar : Surtsey rose from the sea on November 14 in an underwater eruption southwest of Geirfuglasker. Later, the islands Syrtlingur and Jólnir were formed but soon disappeared again.
1970 - Hekla, eruption number 15 began on May 5 in the southwestern part of Heklugjár and in Skjólkvíar north of the mountain. Considerable ash fall to NNV, all the way north to Húnavatnssýslur. In the mountain itself the activity stopped after a few days but in Skjólkvíar it erupted for about 2 months.
1973 - Westman Islands. A 1600 m long eruption fissure opens east of Heimaey on 23 January. About a third of the town was buried under lava, over 400 properties were destroyed. A volcano formed and Heimaey expanded to the east.
1975 - Krafla fires, 1st eruption 20 December. Lava eruption from a short fissure at Leirhnjúkur.
1977 - Krafla fires, 2nd eruption 27-29 April
1977 - Krafla fires, 3rd eruption 8-9 September
1980 - Krafla fires, 4th eruption 16 March
1980 - Krafla fires, 5th eruption July 10 - 18
1980- 81 - Hekla, eruption number 16 began on August 17 and lasted until the 20th . Ash spread to the north, lava flowed mostly to the west and north. The eruption resumed on April 9 of the following year and ended on April 16 .
1980 - Krafla fires, 6th eruption, 18-23 October
1981 - Krafla fires, 7th eruption, 30 January - 4 February
1981 - Krafla fires, 8th eruption, 18-23 November
1983 - Grímsvötn. A small eruption at the end of May.
? 1984 - Grímsvötn. Probably a small eruption.
1984 - Krafla fires, 9th eruption, 4-18 September
? 1985 - Final ridge under Vatnajökull. Possible eruption. Gosórói on meters and sigg boilers in the glacier.
1991 - Hekla, eruption number 17 began on January 17 in the southern part of Heklugjár but soon subsided. One crater east of the mountain was active until March 17 . A considerable amount of lava flowed on the south side of the mountain, but there was little ash fall.
1996 - Gjálpargosið / Bárðarbunga. An eruption began on 30 September in a 4-5 km fissure under a glacier between Bárðarbunga and Grímsvatn and lasted until 13 October. The seismic activity indicated a magma flow from Bárðarbunga. Melting water flowed to Grímsvatn and ran from there to Skeiðarársandur on 5 November .
1998 - Grímsvötn. 18. - 28 December.
2000 - Hekla, eruption number 18. February 26 - March 8.

==21st century

2004 - Grímsvötn. The eruption began on November 1 .
2010 - Eyjafjallajökull. The eruption began at Fimmvörðuháls on March 20 .
2010 - Eyjafjallajökull. The eruption began in Eyjafjallajökull on 14 April .
2011 - Grímsvötn. The eruption began on May 21 .
2014-15 - Holuhraun. The eruption began on August 29, 2014 and ended on February 28, 2015.
2021 - Fagradalsfjall. Geldingadalir eruption started on March 19 and the "Fagradalshraun" lava flowed into the Meradalir valley.

==References

^ Why 536 was the worst year to be alive https://www.sciencemag.org/news/2018/11/why-536-was-worst-year-be-alive
^ It is unlikely that the catastrophic eruption that caused the worst year in history was in Iceland https://www.visir.is/g/2018590905d

Geldingadalir, Iceland

Luís Fraga da Silva

Luís Fraga da Silva : Portuguese archaeologist
pt: Luís Fraga da Silva
Celtiberians Map by Luís Fraga da Silva Celtiberians

Tour de Ordre at Boulogne-sur-Mer

Tour d'Ordre : Roman lighthouse at Boulogne-sur-Mer, built by Caligula.
fr: Tour d'Ordre
Boulogne-sur-Mer Roman lighthouse: A tall lighthouse was built at Gesoriacum circa 39 AD by order of the Emperor Caligula,[7] possibly in preparation for an invasion of Britain. Known as the Tour d'Ordre, coastal erosion caused it to topple into the sea in 1644.

Roman conquest of Britain Caligula built a lighthouse at Bononia (modern Boulogne-sur-Mer), the Tour D'Ordre, that provided a model for the one built soon after at Dubris (Dover). ... Two lighthouses, each called the Pharos, were built at Dover soon after the Roman conquest. Proposals of their date range from 50 (seven years after the invasion of 43), 80 or (since the building includes tiles identical to the mansio in the town built at that date) c. 138, though the general consensus is for a 1st-century AD date. They were sited on the two heights (Eastern Heights and Western Heights) and modelled on the Tour d'Ordre built for Caligula's aborted invasion at Boulogne.[3]

Sarum Rite, Use of Sarum

Use of Sarum
Spem in alium by Thomas Tallis circa 1556/1570. Text taken from Sarum Rite (late eleventh century).
The original Latin text of the motet is from a response (at Matins, for the 3rd Lesson, during the V week of September), in the Sarum Rite, adapted from the Book of Judith (Judith 9).^[1]
The text comes from a response in the Matins order in the Sarum rite, which had been superseded by the Book of Common Prayer.^[2]^[3]

==References

^ Long, Siobhán Dowling; Sawyer, John F. A. (2015). "Spem in Alium". The Bible in Music: A Dictionary of Songs, Works, and More. Rowman & Littlefield. p. 226. ISBN 9780810884526. Retrieved 23 May 2018.
^ George Steel (March 2002). "The Story of Spem in alium". Andante. Archived from the original on April 26, 2009.
^ Baker, Michael; Steel, George. "The Story of Spem in alium" (PDF). Retrieved 24 May 2018.

Thomas Herle

Thomas Herle (traitor) circa 1550-1600
Charles Baillie (papal agent)
The Ridolfi plot might have been successful had Burghley not made use of a traitor, named Thomas Herle, to gain Baillie's confidence. Herle described Baillie as "fearful, full of words, glorious, and given to the cup, a man easily read". Herle had also gained the confidence of the bishop, and a complete exposure of the whole plot was imminent when an indiscretion on Herle's part convinced Baillie that he was betrayed.
Source ^[1]
William Herle (spy) !!! Eureka !!!

Dr Robyn Adams at UCL. - [22]
- A spy on the payroll? William Herle and the mid Elizabethan polity, Journal article; 2010; Oxford University Press (OUP) [23]

==References

^ Froude, James Anthony. History of England from the Fall of Wolsey to the Death of Elizabeth, Volume 10, 1866 (reprinted by Cambridge University Press, 2010). p. 214.

Rocking-chair riot

Rocking-chair riot
1901, New York, Madison Square Park
Oscar Speight, Oscar F. Spate (wrong person)
Source - Portablenycblog.com 2021/01/12 Rocking-chair riots of 1901 in Madison Square park
Source - Ephemeral NewYork wordpress.com The rocking-chair riot that riled up New-Yorkers
Source - The New Yorker, August 1932, The Rocking-Chair Scandal By Herbert Asbury
Source - A St. James Tenant Causes the Rocking Chair Riots of 1901, March 9, 2018

Peu-Richard culture

^{[note 1]}
Barzan Official website (in French)
Harold Wood have if William hadn't.

==Start

Peu-Richard culture , Culture de Peu-Richard (French), Thénacien (occasional), is a cultural stage of the late Neolithic, (circa 3,300 BC), in the former Saintonge province, the modern département of Charente-Maritime in western France.

==Etymology

The name is derived from the hamlet of Peu-Richard, within the town of Thénac, Charente-Maritime.

==History

The Peu-Richard site and culture was excavated in 1882 by Baron Eugène Eschassériaux and described scientifically in 1884 in his paper Le camp néolithique du Peurichard (Charente-inférieure) for the 'Commission des Arts et monuments historiques de la Charente-inférieure, et Société de l’Archéologie de Saintes'.^[1]

==Geographical area

Peu Richard culture extended from the Saintonge and the lower and middle reaches of the river Charente, northwards to the bocage of the Vendée near La Roche-sur-Yon, south to the Médoc north of Bordeaux and east to Cognac in the western Charente department. To the southeast, it encompassed the middle reaches of the rivers Dronne and Isle in the Dordogne département.

===The site at Thénac

The first traces were located on the Puy Richard, a slight hill, outside Thénac in 1882. The site, tens of hectares in size with a diameter of more than 150 metres, was surrounded by three systems of ditches. The outer ditch was 7 metres wide, 3.50 metres deep and 900 metres long, whilst the inner was 9 to 10 metres wide and 2.3 metres deep. The ditches were crossed by 5 access roads protected by stone towers. Wooden palisades stood on the inside of the trenches. The complex is presumed to have protected cattle, domestic animals, and around 400 residents. It contained: stone and bone tools, a wide variety of ceramics, 417 stone axes and smaller hatchets, 230 remains of grain hand mills, several huts and a granary.

==Characteristics

The stone tools of the Peu-Richard culture do not show any major innovations compared to the Middle Neolithic and the previous Matignons culture (de: Matignons-Kultur). In addition to the usual scrapers, drills, burins, etc., various knives and very small burins (micro-denticulés on a blade) appear. Cutting tools were used as weapons, the majority of which had a trapezoidal cross-section. Sharp arrowheads are of either the Sublaines type, which ranged from Angoumois to the Paris Basin, or the Armorican Massif type.[3]

==Ceramics

Peu-Ricard pottery reflects the Matignons culture and was possibly also influenced by the Seine-Oise-Marne culture. There was commonality with the Moulin-de-Vent culture from further south-east on the lower reaches of the Dordogne and the Garonne.

The ceramics consisted primarily of storage vases up to one meter high with round bases and vases of the flower pot type. It was decorated with up to three horizontal incisions above the main bulge, overlapping flutes and garlands, plus wart-like protrusions on the bulges. There are often zigzag, ray or star shape motifs. The openings of some vessels are accompanied by paired eye-like depressions, which is similar to late Spanish Almería culture (es: Cultura almeriense).[4]

==Notes

^ For example, Peu-Richard, in western France, was excavated in 1882 by Baron Eschassériaux.

==References

^ Title: Le camp néolithique du Peurichard (Charente-inférieure) Author: E. Eschasserieux. Publisher: Recueil de la Commission des Arts et monuments historiques de la Charente-inférieure et Société de l’Archéologie de Saintes, Date:1884 Pages=191–215

Isabella Offenbach Maas

Isabella Offenbach Maas

==Early life and education .. Isabella was one of ten children of Isaac Juda Offenbach, né Eberst (1779–1850) and his wife Marianne, née Rindskopf (c. 1783–1840).^[1] Isaac, who came from a musical family, had abandoned his original trade as a bookbinder and earned an itinerant living as a cantor in synagogues and playing the violin in cafés.^[2] He was generally known as "der Offenbacher", after his native town, Offenbach am Main, and in 1808 he officially adopted Offenbach as a surname.^{[n 1]} In 1816 he settled in Cologne, where he became established as a teacher, giving lessons in singing, violin, flute, and guitar, and composing both religious and secular music.^[4]

Isabella played piano in a trio with her brothers Jacob (Jacques) cello, and Julius (violin). They performed popular dance music and operatic arrangements at local dance halls, inns and cafés.^[5]

==Sources...

Faris, Alexander (1980). Jacques Offenbach. London: Faber & Faber. ISBN 978-0-571-11147-3.

Gammond, Peter (1980). Offenbach. London: Omnibus Press. ISBN 978-0-7119-0257-2.

==Notes...

^ Gammond and Almeida state that Isaac was already using the surname Offenbach by the time of his marriage in 1805. Yon states that the formal adoption of the surname in 1808 was in compliance with a Napoleonic decree requiring Jewish surnames to be regularised.^[3]

==References...

^ Faris, p. 14
^ Faris, p. 17
^ Gammond, p. 13, Almeida, p. ix, and Yon, p. 10
^ "Offenbach", by Peter Gammond, Omnibus Press, 1980, p. 15
^ Faris, p. 18

French revolution

French revolution
la Nation, la Loi, le Roi
Union, force strength, Vertu virtue
Strength, equality, justice
Liberté, Sûreté, Propriété
Amitié (Friendship), Charité, Union
Liberté, égalité, fraternité - Robespierre Military until 1848 official french
As soon as 1789, other terms were used, such as "la Nation, la Loi, le Roi" (The Nation, The Law, The King), or "Union, Force, Vertu" (Union, Strength, Virtue), a slogan used beforehand by masonic lodges, or "Force, Égalité, Justice" (Strength, Equality, Justice), "Liberté, Sûreté, Propriété" (Liberty, Security, Property), etc.[2]

Christian de Launoy,

Christian de Launoy
Christian de Launoy, Helicopter
Launoy Christian de Launoy, a French naturalist, alive in 1783
In 1783, Christian de Launoy, and his mechanic, Bienvenu, used a coaxial version of the Chinese top in a model consisting of contrarotating turkey flight feathers
Leishman, J. Gordon (2006). Principles of Helicopter Aerodynamics Archived 25 September 2015 at the Wayback Machine. Cambridge University Press. p. 8. ISBN 0-521-85860-7
Bamboo-copter, French naturalist Christian de Launoy created a bow drill device with contra-rotating feather propellers.^[1]
In 1783, Christian de Launoy, a French naturalist, expanded on the Chinese top model to create a flying machine. He used two sets of counter-rotating turkey feathers to achieve lift, since the forces of the sets moved into opposite directions and thus canceled each other. Century of Flight, Early Helicopter Technology, November 20, 2019
Microscopic amusement of mind and eyes; Volume 1 and 2, Nachleese Ledermüller, Martin Frobenius. Edited by Fines Mundi, Saarbrücken (2010). Original published by Printed by Christian de Launoy, Nuremberg, 1760-1762. XII, 96; XIV, 97-202; XVIII, 94, 2 p. Register, 50 plates, with 3 frontispices and 150 colored plates. AbeBooks.fr Microscopic amusement of mind and eyes; Volume 1 and 2,

==References

^ Leishman, J. Gordon (2006). [2] Principles of Helicopter Aerodynamics. Cambridge University Press. pp. 7–9. ISBN 0-521-85860-7

Andrée Lafayette

Andrée Lafayette

Andrée Rose Godard, known by her stage-name as Andrée Lafayette, also known as Countess Andrée de la Bigne, (born May 19, 1903, in Achères (today in Yvelines), and died 3 October, 1989, in Équemauville, Calvados, was a French actress and granddaughter of the famous demi-mondaine (prostitute) Émilie-Louise Delabigne who was known by her self-invented title as Countess Valtesse de La Bigne. ...

born Andrée Rose Godard, to ... ... Paul Jules Auguste, train conductor, and ... ... Julia Pâquerette Fossey. Born 3 March 1868 in the 9th arrondissement of Paris, the daughter of Richard Fossey, landlord, and Émilie Louise Delabigne, a 19 year old and prostitute who later became the famous demi-mondaine Valtesse de La Bigne.

Andrée Rose married the American Arthur May Constant in 1923 and lived with him in the United States . Working as an actress, she got her first big role in the 1923 silent film Trilby. Her career continued until 1953 in France and the United States.

In the early 1930s, in Monaco, she became the mistress of Prince Andrew of Greece and Denmark, the father of Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh.

Sources:

fr: Andrée Lafayette

Prince Phillip's Mistress-in-Law. See Prince Andrew of Greece and Denmark

Ancestry of Julia Pâquerette Fossey. Born 3 March 1868 ^[1]

^[2]

^[3]

^[4].

A King's Whore - Andrée Lafayette

==References...

^ Geneanet - Genealogy of Julia Paquerette Fossey
^ Hugo Vickers, Alice. Princess Andrew of Greece. Hamish Hamilton. London 2000. ISBN= 0-241-13686-5
^ Christopher Wilson Prince Philip: The untold story of the Duke of Edinburgh's stepmother who spent his money Express 11 June 2019 [3]
^ Darío Silva d'Andrea La falsa condesa que despilfarró la henrencia del duque de Edinburgo. Vanity Fair. 11 June 2019 [4]

Ichabod Dawks

Ichabod Dawks
Honest Ichabod, (1661–1730), printer, publisher of UK's first NewsLetter??? (Life and Errors???)^[1]

Source: Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900, Volume 14, Dawks, Ichabod, by Henry Richard Tedder

==References

^ Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900, Volume 14, Dawks, Ichabod, by Henry Richard Tedder

Sister Denise Bergon

Sister Denise Bergon, Denise Bergon,

Source: The daring nun who hid and saved 83 Jewish children. BBC News.^[1]

== References

^ BBC News. The daring nun who hid and saved 83 Jewish children. By Niamh Hughes

Nora Creina

Nora Creina
Celtic tune used Symphony No. 7 (Beethoven) 4th movement.

Source: ^[1] The study “Harmonic Rhythm in Beethoven Symphonies” in the 1957 The Music Review, ... The opening theme is taken from the coda of Nora Creina, becoming, ...

The final movement of the Seventh Symphony, proceeding attaca from the third, once again link to Celtic folk elements. The opening theme is taken from the coda of Nora Creina, becoming, as James Travis noted, “by its humor and vigor, a veribtable apotheosis of the Irish reel”. While it holds much of the character of the opening movement, the sense of step would then expect no less than in character and style for the strings to take the baton from the brass as melodic flag bearers.

Vèbre (Roubion)

Vèbre (Roubion)

Source: fr: Vèbre (Roubion),

La Vèbre est une rivière française du département de la Drôme, affluent droit du Roubion, donc sous-affluent du Rhône.

Roubion (rivière)

Source: fr: Roubion (rivière)

Le Roubion est une rivière française arrosant le département de la Drôme, en région Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes, affluent gauche du fleuve le Rhône.

Chemical Dump

[24]

Daniel Heaton - Daniel Eaton

Daniel Heaton, Daniel Eaton
Source: Western Reserve Chronicle, 26 May, 1858. Obituary^[2]
in 1803 or 1804 he and his brother James, from Pennsylvania, discovered iron ore at Yellow Creek. Their Youngstown blast furnace was possibly the first in Ohio. First furnace at Mouth of Yellow Creek, near Poland village. Second furnace at the mouth of Mosquito Creek, (now Niles)
The Youngstown Register announced the death of Daniel Eaton, aged 84, on 18th May 1858.
Changed name from Heaton to Eaton.
Lost senate election because of spelling of Heaton.
Elected to the Ohio Senate in 1818, to represent Trumbull County, Ohio
Pioneer of temperance, was reputed to have obstinately refused to work with builders who wanted an ardent of whisky before starting. Thus he used women to erect the building.
He was energised by the need for monetary reform, gathering petitions, writing articles, and lobbying both United States Congress and the Ohio State Legislature.

Source: Find a Grave. ^[3]

Dan Eaton
BIRTH: 1773
DEATH: 1858 (aged 84–85), Trumbull County, Ohio, USA
BURIAL: Niles Union Cemetery, Niles, Trumbull County, Ohio, USA

Commemoration.

Source: Springsteen Lyrics, ^[4]4U

The brothers and their blast furnace are mentioned in the song Youngstown by Bruce Springsteen on his 1995 album The Ghost of Tom Joad.

Source: Ohio Genealogical Society - The Ohio Story, 1196 - The Ohio Story: "Dan Heaton's Furnace"

The story of two brothers, Dan and James Heaton, who developed a crude hillside furnace on the banks of Yellow Creek. This was the beginnings of a multi-million-dollar Mahoning Valley steel industry.

References

Count Leopold von Neipperg

Leopold von Neipperg
(1760 invented Letter copying machine???)
Second child of Leopold Joseph Johannes Nepomuk, Count von Neipperg (born March 27, 1728), first married to Maria Franziska Eugenie, Countess of Königsegg-Rothenfels-Erps, and second marriage to Maria Wilhelmina, Countess of Althann. After his third marriage to Maria Luise, Countess von Hatzfeld-Wildenburg, he married Berhardine Josepha Friederike von Wiser for the fourth time.(^[1] :de:)

father - Wilhelm Reinhard von Neipperg

son - Adam Albert von Neipperg son of Count Leopold von Neipperg

Source : ^[2]

Bill Sargent

Bill Sargent, H. William "Bill" Sargent, Jr. As an entertainment impresario, Bill Sargent, who has died in his native Oklahoma at 76, was the exact larger-than-life promoter, creating huge hits and pushing big flops, earning millions then losing the lot, but always brimming with new schemes, some of them successful, others disastrous.

Source: The Guardian - Obituary^[3]

Electronovision

Faget & Varnet

Faget & Varnet (alternatively: Faget-Varnet ) was a French manufacturer of automobile bodies , which was based in Levallois-Perret. The company was active for a short period after the Second World War.

Bill Burgess

Bill Burgess - Clarify ...

... a motor business in Levallois-Perret.

... Talbot Charles Chetwynd-Talbot, 20th Earl of Shrewsbury.Ref.^[4]

... In 1926 he coached Gertrude Ederle who became the first woman to swim the English Channel.

J.M.M. Truffault

J.M.M. Truffault, Jules Truffault
Jules Michel Marie Truffault, Jules Truffault, Born September 29, 1845, in Tours. Died in the 17th arrondissement of Paris on October 3, 1920.^[5]^[6]

He was a bicycle enthusiast, racer, engineer and cycle-builder who is reputed to have invented hollow metal wheel-rims with tensioned metal spokes for lightness and performance.

===Early life

Jules Truffault was the only surviving child of Jules Auguste Truffault (1812-1859) and Marie Liot (1817-1900), his younger brother died at the age of 5.^[6]

===Personal life

On 29 August 1871, Truffault married Euphrasie Ernestine Niebling (1847-1925) at Sainte-Maure-de-Touraine. They had 6 children: Georges (1873-1933), Marguerite (1874-1892), Thérèse (1877-1951), Suzanne (1880-1951), André (1883-1973) and Louis (1885-1896).^[6]

During his early life and career in bicycles he was known simply as Jules Truffault, but in the 1890s, circa 1898, he adopted the style J.M.M.Truffault for his career in the naiscent automobile industry and dealings in Great Britain and the USA.

===Sources

====ref name="Geneanet".... Geneanet.^[6] :- M Jules Michel Marie Truffault Born 29 September 1845 - Tours, 37261, Indre-et-Loire, Centre-Val de Loire, France Deceased 3 October 1920 - Paris (17e), aged 75 years old Mécanicien - Inventeur

Parents^[6] Jules Auguste Truffault 1812-1859 Marie Liot 1817-1900

Spouses and children^[6] Married 29 August 1871, Sainte Maure (37), to Euphrasie Ernestine Niebling 1847-1925 with M Georges Marie Truffault 1873-1933 F Marguerite Marie Truffault 1874-1892 F Thérèse Marie Truffault 1877-1951 F Suzanne Marie Truffault 1880-1951 M André-Marie Truffault 1883-1973 M Louis Marie Truffault 1885-1896

Siblings M Louis Alexandre Marie Truffault 1854-1859^[6]

Notes Individual Note Jules Truffault, inventeur de la jante creuse, systèmes de suspension et autres merveilles Un article de 2013: http://www.lepetitbraquet.fr/chron81_truffault-jules.html

Family Note Marriage with Euphrasie Ernestine Niebling p.146 du registre, acte n°8. ^[6]

====ref name="Hydro".... Adolphe Clément ... reached Paris in 1872 followed by Orléans and Tours where he encountered Truffault cycles. This led him to acquire 2 wooden cart wheels and build an iron bicycle frame. ^[7]

====ref name="Old Motor".... In 1898, French cyclist J.M.M. Truffault invented what appears to be the very first shock absorber to be used on a vehicle, after installing it on a bicycle. ^[8]

In 1898, French cyclist J.M.M. Truffault invented what appears to be the very first shock absorber to be used on a vehicle, after installing it on a bicycle. It consisted of a front fork with a suspension that used coil springs and a friction device that minimized vibrations. ^[8]

The next year Edward V. Hartford, an American, witnessed a motor-tricycle race in France that was won by a Darracq ridden by Marcellin and powered by a 12 HP Buchet twin-cylinder engine. It was equipped with a 'La Fourche Truffault', a sprung-fork built by the Frenchman with his new invention. ^[8]

            Patent1                                 Patent2

Drawings for the original shock absorber patent granted on March 18, 1902.

The two soon became friends after Hartford had Truffault install a unit on his 2 1/4 HP de Dion tricycle with what he described as most gratifying results. In the fall of 1900 he purchased one of the new 1901 curved-dashed Oldsmobile’s and shipped it to France to have his friend experiment with and install a set of the devices on the little car. After the car's return to the States, the pair who were working together were unable to interest any American manufacturers in using the shocks, other than one offer from one to buy the patent. Negotiations back in France with Peugeot resulted in the automaker installing them on his own car and also selling a few sets.

The first real marketing success of the friction-dampers came when Léon Théry was able to see the merit of using them and equipped his Richard-Brasier racing car with a set. The units in turn helped him as he went on to win the 1904 Gordon Bennett Cup race in Germany. ^[8]

====ref name="US Patent".... US Patent^[9]

====ref name="Graces Guide".... Truffault Cycle and Tube Manufacturing Co.^[10]

Truffault Cycle and Tube Manufacturing Company Ltd. 1896-1904.^[11]

====ref name="Popular Mechanics".... The first true shock absorbers were fitted to a racing bicycle in 1898 by a Frenchman - J.M.M. Truffault. The front fork was suspended on springs, and incorporated a friction device that kept the bike from oscillating continuously.^[12]

====:de: Truffault.... de: Truffault - The Société des Automobiles Truffault was a French manufacturer of automobiles. The Parisian company started producing automobiles in 1907. The brand name was Truffault . According to a source, the company received a license from the Belgian car manufacturer Pipe. Production ended in 1908. ^[13] ^[14] ^[15]

====ref name="Georgano-Beaulieu".... Vehicles. The only model was a small car, powered by a single-cylinder engine, possibly from De Dion-Bouton, power transferred to the drive shaft via belts. The vehicles competed in the 1907 and 1908 Voiturettes Coupe.^[14]^[13]

====ref name="Automobile History".... The first true shock absorbers were fitted to a racing bicycle in 1898 by a Frenchman named J. M. M. Truffault. The front fork was suspended on springs, and incorporated a friction device that kept the bike from oscillating constantly. In 1899, an American automobile enthusiast named Edward V. Hartford saw one of Truffault's bikes win a marathon race at Versailles. Hartford immediately recognized the automotive potential of the friction device.^[16]

Hartford and Truffault got together and by the next year Hartford had outfitted an Oldsmobile with a variation of Truffault's device. This first automobile shock absorber consisted of a pair of levers that were hinged together with a pad of rubber placed at the pivot point. One of the lever arms was attached to the frame, while the other was bolted to the leaf spring.^[16]

A bolt placed at the hinge point could be tightened or loosened to increase or decrease the friction, providing a stiffer or softer ride. The Truffault-Hartford unit was, therefore, not only the first automotive shock absorber, but also the first adjustable shock.^[16]

Hartford brought the car to America, where he opened his own plant, the Hartford Suspension Co., in Jersey City, New Jersey. His first big contract came from Alanson P. Brush, who installed shock absorbers along with front coil springs on the 1906 Brush Runabout. The ride given by the car was called "magnificent" in a critique written by Hugh Dolnar for Cycle and Automobile Trade Journal. ^[16]

====ref name="Le Petit Braquet".... Jules Truffault (1845-1920), (ref:Le Petit Braquet) “Around 1875, the French Jules Truffault lightened the bikes by attacking the rims and forks. He will begin to make them hollow, using sabre scabbards and replacing the wooden spokes with metal spokes under tension. "^[5]

In the history of the bicycle, the name of Jules Truffault is forever inscribed by these few lines which can be found everywhere on the net or in specialized books. This immense advance in the evolution of the bicycle that we owe to this inventor from Touraine is also the tree that hides the forest. Jules Truffault was active for more than thirty years in the bicycle and automobile world and we owe much more to him than this masterful invention. An unknown character, forgotten today, he does not have the place that should be his and we are going to try here to highlight all his work for so many years.^[5]

Born September 29, 1845, in Tours, Jules Michel Marie Truffault was first a bicycle enthusiast before becoming a renowned builder. He is one of the hundred or so lovers of the little queen who, on November 7, 1869 in the early hours of the morning, took the start of the first online race, the famous Paris Rouen, organized by Richard Lesclide, editor-in-chief of the "Le Vélocipède Illustré". At the time, there were obviously no following cars and no one provided security or signage at crossroads. Like other competitors, Jules Truffaut got lost. According to Baudry de Saulnier, who specifies that Jules Truffault lives in Tours, he found himself in the company of Albert Laumaillé, in an inn in Pont-de-l'Arche, a small town in the Eure department about 20 kilometers south of Rouen. It was not possible for us to find other traces attesting to the participation of Jules Truffault in other velocipedic events but, this seems sufficient to us to evoke the passion of this man for the first velocipeds. From that time on, Jules Truffault was presented as a builder of cycles and one can imagine that it was also from his own practice that he drew the lessons which led to his inventions.^[5]

A major problem arose in the early 1870s for bicycle manufacturers: how to increase the speed of their machines without this translating into increased efforts by the [25]. In the state of knowledge at the time, two answers could be provided: increasing the size of the driving wheel which is then in direct transmission and reducing the weight of the machine. It is in this area that Jules Truffault will excel, succeeding thanks to his inventions to lighten and make machines more comfortable.^[5]

Jules Truffault, Issue : 'Theoretical and practical cycling' by L. Baudry de Saunier, Publisher: Librairie illustrée, Paris, 1893

Around 1875, Jules Truffault, who was looking for how to make his machines lighter and therefore faster and more manageable, applied to the rim and the fork a technique already used for frames: the hollow tube. For the fork, he achieved this technical feat from a decommissioned stock of saber scabbards that he fashioned into a hollow but just as strong fork. It is for this reason that even today, we speak of sleeves for the tubes constituting the fork of a bicycle.^[5]

The realization of hollow rims posed more problems for him but after some failures he succeeded beyond his expectations. Not only was the rim he had just designed noticeably lighter, but it was also more flexible, therefore less brittle and above all more comfortable. To achieve this result, Jules Truffault replaced the heavy wooden or rigid metal spokes with tensioned metal spokes which held the rim while giving it a minimum of flexibility in absorbing shocks from the road. Due to this design, we therefore go from a totally rigid device to another whose flexibility and strength would prove its worth very quickly.^[5]

Extract: The inventions of the small provincial manufacturer Jules Truffault at the time quickly made the world tour of the nascent cycle industry. It would seem that as early as 1877, Jules Truffault sold his machines across the Channel and that he had a business relationship with British manufacturers in the Coventry region where most of the English cycle industry was concentrated.

If we are to believe Max de Nansouty, scientific journalist author of numerous works between 1890 and 1910, Jules Truffault would also have had the intuition of the freewheel without however succeeding in conceiving the necessary mechanism for the realization of his idea.^[5]

Jules Truffault's business prospered, but Tours was too small a town and too far from the main manufacturers of components for bicycles not to become an obstacle to the development of the company. In 1882, Jules Truffault joined forces with a man named Jéanne to create a new brand of cycles headquartered in Paris. The links with suppliers and customers are thereby facilitated and he can devote himself to other inventions he has in mind.^[5]

During the ten years that followed Jules Truffault was regularly talked about thanks to his inventions and the patents he filed.^[5]

Around 1885, he tried to develop a device called the Sphinx. This ancestor of Safety is equipped with gears installed in a closed box and whose organization doubled the machine. Like all geared machines, the Sphinx has the disadvantage of unreliable in terms of the transmission of energy imposed on the pedals.^[5]

big bi. ... With the de facto disappearance of the bicycle in front of the modernity of the bicycle despite the difficulties he encountered, Jules Truffault strongly believed in his invention and he tried without much success to adapt it to other models.^[5]

Anything that can improve user comfort is of interest to Jules Truffault, who devotes a large part of his time and energy to it.^[5]

big bi: ... Some of his inventions, which can be found in the patent that our inventor filed may make you smile today but others are very relevant and they clearly show the ingenuity of Jules Truffault. After having worked and shaped metals to make machines lighter, our man has developed his research showing that he was not just a simple bicycle frame builder. In particular, he tackled things more and more specialized and in particular the suspensions by demonstrating in my opinion a great modernity. He may not have had the intuition of hydraulic suspensions and he worked only using the springs, but the diagrams of his suspension fork and also of a “full suspension” machine speak for themselves.^[5]

In the mid-1890s, we lost track of Jules Truffault, whose name disappeared from the news in the cycle industry.^[5]

At the same time ; a Truffault named Jules Michel Marie created the Truffault automobile company and increased the number of patents, particularly in the field of suspensions. Nothing in our research has allowed us to confirm with certainty that it was indeed the same man, yet there are many points in common that suggest. In 1895, Jules Truffault was fifty years old and like a good number of cycle manufacturers and even cyclists (Michelin, Terrot, Corre, etc.), he was probably attracted by the nascent automobile industry. This is developed using techniques very close to those put into practice in the manufacture of cycles and for Jules Truffault as for many of his colleagues, there is an opportunity to develop the activity at a lower cost, by using know-how and techniques that he already masters perfectly. In addition, the magazine “Popular Mechanics” published by Hearst editions in 1985 (page 66) as well as the book “Automotive Mechatronics: Operational and Practical Issues”, Volume 2 by BT Fijalkowski (page 261) assert that the first suspension “true shock absorb ”was installed on a racing bicycle in 1898 by JMM Truffault.^[5]

Jules and Jules Michel Marie are probably one but then why this sudden change and this passage from 1 to 3 first names? Should this be seen as a desire to dissociate the activity of cycle manufacturer for which Jules Truffault is associated with Jéanne while for the automotive activity he works alone. Perhaps this distinction allowed him to clearly mark the difference between the two companies and to avoid any confusion in the ownership of patents?^[5]

For a decade, the “new” Jules Michel Marie Truffault enjoyed many successes. It produces carts which meet with a very favorable response from the public and which are the subject of laudatory articles in the specialized press.^[5]

The spring suspension that he designed at the very beginning of the 20th century was an economic success. It equips the cars of the Peugeot company and its victories in competition give it considerable publicity.^[5]

source: http://gallica.bnf.fr Miguel M Zerolo «Practical handbook of motoring: gasoline cars, motorcycles, steam cars, motor boats. Breakdowns and their remedies ”, 1905

In the work of JMM Truffault, the bicycle is not completely forgotten as evidenced by the suspension patent below filed in the USA in June 1905. In the technical note which accompanies the sketch, we learn that JMM Truffault, engineer is domiciled 51, avenue des Ternes in the 17th arrondissement of Paris. Why a patent filing in the USA? In 1898, an American car enthusiast would have noticed the suspension system mounted by JMM Truffault on a bicycle participating in a long-distance race in Versailles. Convinced of the automotive interest of this invention, Edward Hartford of Orange, New Jersey, used the said patent rights for the United States and he created his suspension manufacturing company.^[5]

Jules Michel Marie Truffault died in the 17th arrondissement of Paris on October 3, 1920.^[5]

Truffault car, Jules Beau Collection. Sports photography, Year 1901 / Jules Beau http://gallica.bnf.fr Although almost totally forgotten today, Jules Truffault occupies an important place in the history of the bicycle. After being the originator of the fork and hollow rims, he continued throughout his life to research and develop new improvements for the bicycle. His research on suspensions is remarkable and they alone deserve that we take a little more interest in this character and all of his work.^[5]

Thanks to Calumet, to Phil and to all their genealogist colleagues who helped to find and clarify the civil status of Jules Truffault.

Theoretical and practical cycling ", by L. Baudry de Saunier, Publisher: Librairie illustrated (Paris), 1893

The pedal, Weekly review of the bicycle and its accessories "

Cycling and cyclist ” by Henry de Graffigny, Publisher Henri Gauthier, Paris 1897?

Vélocipédie et automobilisme " by Frédéric Régamey, Publisher: A. Mame et fils (Tours) 1898

From the ancient chariot to the automobile: the centuries of locomotion and overland transport ... " F. Marcevaux, Publisher: Firmin-Didot, Paris, 1897

^[5]

Voiture Truffault, 1901. photographed by fr: Jules Beau (* 1864 in Paris , † 1932 )

====ref name="Spader Cycle History".... Spader - The big bi

We then try to make the velocipede faster. Since the pedals were attached to either side of the front wheel hub, the diameter of this drive wheel had to be increased to increase the distance traveled with each pedal stroke. Then the diameter of the front wheel will continue to increase while that of the rear wheel diminishes its role being limited to allowing the balance of the whole. Thus was born the big bi in the 1870s.^[17]

Le grand bi Large bike (wood) - Penny Farthing

Then the large wooden bi was replaced by the large steel bi. Around 1875, the French Jules Truffault lightened rims and forks by making them hollow from a decommissioned stock of saber scabbards and built a machine by replacing the heavy wooden spokes with tensioned metal spokes.^[17]

In 1881, the large bi reached almost perfection and weighed for racing models 10 to 11 kilograms!^[17]

However, the hypertrophy of the front wheel (we will arrive at wheels 3 meters in diameter!) Poses safety problems. That the first specimens, wanting to escape the balancing act of the big bi, called themselves safety or safety bicycles, confirms the extent to which the fear of falls imposed the need for machines closer to the ground.^[17]

====Advert.... Truffault Bicycle with elastic fork. (Peugeot patents)

Very suitable for those cyclists who travel along cobbled or badly maintained roads, and from whom the need for a fork is generally felt that completely removes all those unpleasant vibrations and bumps that the tires are unable to alleviate.
Model No 1
Price 400 Lira
Free wheel
Rear brake
Steel mudguard

Source: Italian Magazine advert circa 1890s. Translated from Italian copy.

====Bianchi.... Source: The Eaglets are coming… by Mark Daniels, Profile of Eduardo Bianchi^[18]

Born on 17th July 1865, Edoardo Bianchi was brought up in a Milanese orphanage and, at just 8 years old, started work at an iron foundry where he quickly began to display a remarkable aptitude for mechanical engineering.
In 1903 the factory was producing further engines mounted in the centre of strengthened bicycle frames, and by 1905 was offering other models fitted with a new Truffault design of sprung front forks. 1905 was also when the business was incorporated as Edoardo Bianchi & Co and, thereafter, turnover dramatically multiplied year by year as the company produced ever-increasing numbers of cycles, motor cycles and automobiles.

====Misc.... Source: Motorcycle Timeline 1890-1899^[19]

1898 JULES TRUFFAULT made sprung forks for his bicycle; they were quickly adapted to suit motorcycles.

^ Stammbaum des Wilhelm Reinhard, Graf von Neipperg, unter http://www.geneall.net
^ Adam von Niepperg
^ The Guardian, 9 Dec 2003, Bill Sargent obituary,
^ [5]
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l ^m ⁿ ^o ^p ^q ^r ^s ^t ^u ^v ^w Le Petit Braquet, Jules Truffault
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h Geneanet, Jules Michel Marie Truffault
^ Hydro Retro, Clément-Bayard, pdf (French) Clément-Bayard, sans peur et sans reproche par Gérard Hartmann
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d Old Motor, October 26, 2013, Smoothing the Ride for Over a Century – The History of the Shock Absorber Part I
^ US Patent
^ Grace's Guide, Truffault Cycle and Tube Manufacturing Co
^ UK National Archive, Company No: 47886; Truffault Cycle and Tube Manufacturing Company Ltd.
^ Popular Mechanics Sep 1985, Suspension - The First Shock
^ ^a ^b George Nicholas Georgano (Chefredakteur): The Beaulieu Encyclopedia of the Automobile. Volume 3: P–Z. Fitzroy Dearborn Publishers, Chicago 2001, ISBN 1-57958-293-1.
^ ^a ^b George Nick Georgano: Autos. Encyclopédie complète. 1885 à nos jours. Courtille, Paris 1975.
^ Harald H. Linz, Halwart Schrader: Die Internationale Automobil-Enzyklopädie. United Soft Media Verlag, München 2008, ISBN 978-3-8032-9876-8.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d Automobile History - Suspension
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d Cycle Museum
^ [http://www.icenicam.org.uk/articles9/art0149.html The Eaglets are coming… by Mark Daniels, Profile of Eduardo Bianchi]
^ Motorcycle Timeline 1890-1899

Omnia

Chaos

Linté

fr: Linté Cameroun

Confrérie des Charitables de Saint-Éloi

Confrérie des Charitables de Saint-Éloi

fr: Confrérie des Charitables de Saint-Éloi

The Confrérie des Charitables de Saint-Éloi is a French organization, today secular, from the region of Béthune (department of Pas-de-Calais ) founded in 1188 during a great epidemic of plague , still active and ensuring in particular the burial service . Its members are placed under the protection of Saint Eloi who reassured them: "The plague will not come near you, or even your homes!" Legend has it that, since its inception, this protection has always saved Charities and their families. The motto of the brotherhood is "Accuracy Union Charity".

Laurence Equilbey

Laurence Equilbey

Overtime Farm Tractor Co

Gaumont Opéra

Gaumont Opéra

Gaumont Opéra

John Monteleone

John Monteleone Luthier
Mark Knopfler - Monteleone (Lyrics)
Fine Archtops
Metropolitan Museum of Art
The Art of Lutherie
Vintage & Rare
Skynet Interview
(John D'Angelico, Elmer Stromberg, Christo)

John Napier

Anne Queffélec

Anne Queffélec is a French pianist, born on 17 January 1948, in Paris.

Antoine Quinson

Antoine Quinson
fr: Antoine Quinson
Prix Antoine Quinson
Salon de Vincennes

Jenny Clack

Joseph Adrien Le Roi

Joseph Adrien Le Roi, (born 19 March 1797, died 25 February 1873-Versailles), was a French doctor, librarian and historian.

Elisabeth Fuchs

Madame Poitrine

Geneviève Poitrine

fr: Geneviève Poitrine

Geneviève Poitrine, nicknamed Madame Poitrine, was one of the nurses of the first Dauphin of France, Louis Joseph, son of King Louis XVI of France and Queen Marie Antoinette.

Walter Lewin

Walter Lewin MIT Lectures:

8.01x - Introduction ... 8.01x 1 - Powers of 10, Units, Dimensions, Uncertainties, Scaling Arguments ... 2 - 1D Kinematics - Speed, Velocity, Acceleration ... 3 - Vectors - Dot Products - Cross Products - 3D Kinematics ... 4 - 3D Kinematics, Free Falling Reference Frames ... 5 - Circular Motion, Centripetal Forces, Perceived Gravity ... 6 - Newton's Laws (Newton's laws of motion ) ... 7 - Weight, Weightlessness in Free Fall, Weight in Orbit ... 8 - Friction ... 9 - First Exam Review ... 10 - Hooke's Law, Springs, Pendulums, Simple Harmonic Motion ... 11 - Work, Kinetic & Potential Energy, Gravitation, Conservative Forces ...

8.02x - Introduction ... 8.02x 1 - Electric Charges and Forces - Coulomb's law - Polarization (Electric charge, Coulomb's Law, Polarization) ... 2 - Electric Field Lines, Superposition, Inductive Charging, Induced Dipoles (Electric Field, Superposition, Inductive charging, Induced dipoles) ... 3 - Electric Flux, Gauss' Law (Electric flux, Gauss law) ... 4 - Electrostatic Potential, Electric Energy, Equipotential Surfaces ... 5 - E= - grad V, Conductors, Electrostatic Shielding (Faraday Cage) ... 6 - High-voltage Breakdown, Lightning, Sparks, St-Elmo's Fire ... 7 - Capacitance, Electric Field Energy ... 8 - Polarization, Dielectrics, Van de Graaff Generator, Capacitors ... 9 - Electric Currents, Resistivity, Conductivity, Ohm's Law ... 10 - Batteries, Power, Kirchhoff's Rules, Circuits, Kelvin Water Dropper ... 11 - Magnetic Fields, Lorentz Force, Torques, Electric Motors (DC) ... 16 - Electromagnetic Induction, Faraday's Law, Lenz Law, (Electromagnetic induction, Faraday's Law, Lenz's Law) ... 17 - Motional EMF, Dynamos, Eddy Currents, Magnetic Braking - (Faraday's law of induction, Dynamo, Eddy Current, Eddy current brake) ... 19 - Magnetic Levitation, Human ❤, Superconductivity, Aurora Borealis ...

For the Love of Physics ... Complete Breakdown of Intuition - Part 1 ... Moment of inertia ...

Human Anatomy and Evolution

... Professor Alice Roberts - Origins of Us: Human Anatomy and Evolution ... ... The Darwin Day Lecture 2019, with Richard Dawkins

Robert Sapolsky

Robert Sapolsky Stanford University:

Robert Sapolsky Lectures ...

1. Introduction to Human Behavioral Biology W ... 2. Behavioral Evolution ... 3. Behavioral Evolution II ... 4. Molecular Genetics I ... 5. Molecular Genetics II ... 6. Behavioral Genetics I ... 7. Behavioral Genetics II ... 8. Recognizing Relatives ... 9. Ethology ... 10. Introduction to Neuroscience I ... 11. Introduction to Neuroscience II ... 12. Endocrinology ... 13. Advanced Neurology and Endocrinology ... 14. Limbic System ... 15. Human Sexual Behavior I ... 16. Human Sexual Behavior II ... 17. Human Sexual Behavior III & Aggression I ... 18. Aggression II ... 19. Aggression III ... 20. Aggression IV ... 21. Chaos and Reductionism ... 22. Emergence and Complexity ... 23. Language ... 24. Schizophrenia ... 25. Individual Differences ...

Are Humans Just Another Primate? ... Carl Sagan Prize for Science Popularization 2008 ... Stress, Portrait of a Killer - Full Documentary (2008) ... Class Day Lecture 2009: The Uniqueness of Humans ... Chimps Have Theory Of Mind Like We Do ... Fun With Pheromones! ... How a Chair Revealed the Type A Personality Profile ... Biological Underpinnings of Religiosity ... Depression in U.S. ... Alan Alda interview ... Faith ... The Uniqueness of Humans ... Human Nature ... The Biology of Humans at Our Best and Worst ... Arts & Ideas at the JCCSF - Human Behaviour ... Why Zebras Don't Get Ulcers: Stress and Health ... The art of analyzing species ...

Mauvais époque

Adagios: ... ... Adagios ... ... (00:00:00 J.S. Bach - Orchestral Suite No. 3 in D Major, BWV 1068: II. Air) ... ... (00:04:17 Brahms - Symphony No. 3 in F Major, Op. 90: III. Poco allegretto) ... ... (00:10:17 Beethoven - Piano Sonata No. 8 in C minor “Pathétique”: II Agagio cantabile) ... ... (00:15:04 Marcello - Oboe Concerto in D Minor: II. Adagio) ... ... (00:18:56 Ravel - Piano Concerto in G Major: II. Adagio Assai) ... ... (00:28:15 Beethoven - Symphony No. 6 in F Major, Op. 68 “Pastoral”: II Andante molto mosso (Szene am Bach)) ... ... (00:40:56 Beethoven - Piano Concerto No. 3 in C Minor, Op. 37: II. Largo) ... ... (00:53:40 Brahms - Violin Concerto in D Major, Op. 77: II. Adagio) ... ... (01:03:23 Beethoven - Piano Sonata No. 12 in C-Sharp Minor “Moonlight”: I. Adagio sostenuto) ... ... (01:09:06 Grieg - Peer Gynt Suite No. 1, Op. 46: I. Morning Mood) ... ... (01:13:18 Chopin - Piano Concerto No. 1 in E minor Op.11: II. Romance. Larghetto) ... ... (01:24:05 Fauré - Élégie, Op. 24) ... ... (01:30:34 Mahler - Symphony No. 5: IV. Adagietto. sehr langsam) ... ... (01:38:51 Mozart - Piano Concerto No. 21 in C Major, K. 467: II. Andante "Elvira Madigan") ... ... (01:44:54 Rachmaninoff - Piano Concerto No. 2 in C Minor, Op. 18: II. Adagio sostenuto) ... ... (01:56:01 Mozart- Concerto for Clarinet and Orchestra in A Major, K. 622: II. Adagio) ... ... (02:03:21 Schubert - Symphony No. 5 in B-Flat Major, D. 485: II. Andante con moto) ... ... (02:14:10 Mozart - Piano Concerto No. 23 in A Major K. 488: II. Andante) ... ... (02:20:30 Tchaikovsky - Serenade for Strings, Op. 48: III. Élégie. Larghetto elegiac ...

... A la Claire Fontaine (French song) (Il y a longtemps que je t'aime. Lyrics) ... ... Il y a longtemps que je t'aime (Hell on Wheels) ... ... Il y a longtemps que je t'aime (The Painted Veil) ... ... Il y a longtemps que je t'aime (Painted Veil Music) ...

Christina Aguilera: ... ... Candyman (W) ...

Albéniz: ... ... Asturias (Leyenda) (Piano) (W) ... ... Asturias (Leyenda) (Guitar) ... ... Asturias (Segovia) ...

Albinoni: ... ... Adagio (W) ... ... Albinoni: Adagio For Strings And Organ In G Minor (W) ...

Allegri: ... ... Miserere mei, Deus (W) ...

Amiina: ... ... Iceland TV (2006) ... ... Iceland Tv Performance ...

- Kurr (2007) ... ... Sexfaldur (Sixfold) ... ... Rugla (Confused) (W) ...

- Puzzle (2010) ... ... Puzzle (Full Album) ... ( Ásinn 00:00 ... Over And Again 5:34 ... What Are We Waiting For 9:15 ... Púsl 14:45 ... In the Sun 21:01 ... Mambó 25:21 ... Sicsak 30:19 ... Thoka 37:14 ) ...

... Amiina at Traumzeit (Full Concert) ( Nebula ... Ásinn ... Púsl ... Over & Again ... Mambo ... Hemipode ... In The Sun ... Ammælis ... Sicsak ) ...

- The Lighthouse Project (EP) (2013) ... ... Perth (W) ...

- Fantômas (2016) ...

- Live at "Iceland Airwaves" Fiskislóð, Reykjavik (2017) ... ... Full Performance (Selections from "Fantômas" : Paris, Café, Lady Beltham, Bourreau Silencieux, L'homme Noir) ...

Andrews Sisters: ... ... Boogie Woogie Bugle Boy (W) ...

Anon - Romanza: ... ... Jeux Interdits (Beall) ... ... Romance (John Williams) ...

Armstrong: ... ... Romeo & Juliet - Balcony Scene (W) ... ... Balcony Scene (Piano) ...

AsapScience: ... ... Periodic Table (W) ...

Atkins: ... ... Yakety Axe Live 1991 ...

Bach: ... ... Adagio, BWV 974 (W) ... ... Air on the G string (cello) (W) ... ... Air on the G string (guitar) (W) ... ... Air on the G string (orchestral) (W) ... ... Air on the G string (organ) (W) ... ... Air on the G string (period) (W) ... ... Air on the G string (violin) (W) ... ... Best of Bach (Guitars) ... ... Cello Suite No 1 BWV 1007 (Concert) (W) (Vidović) ... ... Gouldberg Variations (W) ... ... Partita in E major No.3, BWV 1006a, (et al) (guitar) (W) (Vidović) ... ... Partita in E major No.3 (violin) (W) (Perlman) ... ... Sheep may Safely Graze (W) ... ... Toccata and Fugue, BWV 565 (guitar) (W) ... ... Toccata and Fugue, BWV 565 (organ) (W) ... ... Well Tempered Klavier (W) ...

Beethoven: ...

... Cavatina from String Quartet No. 13 in B-flat, Op. 130 (W) ... ... Beethoven, String Quartet No. 14 in C-sharp Minor, opus 131 (W) ... ... String Quartet 15, Opus 132 - From Sickness to Health: Beethoven's Heiliger Dankgesang (W) ... ... String Quartet 15 In A Minor, Op. 132, "Heiliger Dankgesang" - 3. Molto Adagio (W) ... --- Quartet in A minor for Strings, Op. 132, Movement III. (Escher Quartet) (W) ... --- Op. 132 in A Minor - (Ariel Quartet) (full) (W) ... ... Grosse Fuge, Op. 133 (W) ...

... Piano Concerto 1-2 (Largo) (W) ... ... Piano Concerto 3 (W) ... ... Piano Concerto No. 4 in G major, Op. 58 (W) (Hélène Grimaud) ... ... Piano Concerto 5-2 Emperor (W) ... ... Piano Concerto 5 Emperor (W) ...

... Triple Concerto in C Major, Op. 56 No. 2, Anne-Sophie Mutter, Daniel Barenboim, Yo-Yo Ma] ...

... The Consecration of the House (overture) (W) ...

... Most Badass Passages of Each Beethoven Symphony (Richard Atkinson) ...

... Choral Fantasy for piano, chorus and orchestra. op.80 (W) ... ... Für Elise (guitar) (W) ... ... Violin Concerto Op.61 (W) (Hahn) ...

Lou Bega: ... ... Mambo No.5 ... ... Mambo No.5 (Rieu) ...

Bellini: ... ... Casta Diva (Norma) (W) (Rieu, Scota) ... ... Casta Diva (Bell) ... ... Cecilia Bartoli (W) ... ... Wota Diva (DiVanity) (Callas) ...

Bizet: ... ... L'Arlésienne Suite No.1 & 2 (W) ... ... Carmen Suite No.1 (W) ... ... Carmen Suite No.2 (W) ... ... Carmen, Entr'acte to Act III (W) ... ... Habanera (L'amour est un oiseau rebelle)(W) ... ... Carmen (Orchestral)(W) ... ... Carmen (Paris)(W) ...

Borodin: ... ... Steppes of Central Asia (W) ... ... String Quartet No. 2: Nocturne (Dover Quartet) (W) ...

Brahms: ... ... Symphony 1 (W) (Beethoven 10?) ... ... Violin Concerto in D major, Op. 77 - II. Adagio (W) ... ... Variations on a Theme by Haydn - Op.56 (W) ...

Bruch: ... ... Violin concerto ... ... Apassionata op57 2:10 & 7:00 (W-Chagall) ... ... Kol Nidrei, op 47 ... ... Violin concerto ... ... Scottish Fantasy ... ... Symphony no. 1 ... ... Double concerto for violin (clarinet) and viola W ... ... Canzone, op.55 ('W' Flugelhorn played by Sergei Nakariakov) ...

Buniatishvili: ... ... Bach - Air on the G String from Orchestral Suite No. 3 in D Major, BMV 1068 ... ... Beethoven: Concerto No. 1 in C Major, Op. 15: III. Rondo ... ... Chopin - Waltz in C-sharp minor, Op. 64 No. 2 ... ... Debussey - Suite Bergamasque, L. 75: III. Clair de lune ... ... Handel - Minuet in g minor arr Wilhelm Kempff ... ... Liszt - Consolations, S. 172: No. 3, Lento placido ... ... Liszt - Liebestraume No 3 (W) ... ... Liszt - Standchen No. 4 from Schwanengesang D 957 (arr. Liszt) ... ... Schubert: Impromptu No. 3 in G-Flat Major, Op. 90, D. 899 ... ... F. Liszt - "Ständchen" Piano Transcriptions After Schubert (et al) ... ... Moricone - Deborah's Theme (From "Once upon a Time in America") ... ... Un Violon sur le Sable - Rachmaninov Concerto n°2 - 1e part. (2017) Royan ... ... Erik Satie: Gymnopédie No.1 ... ...

Burgon: ... ... Nunc Dimitis (Tinker, Tailor, Soldier, Spy) ... ... Nunc iterum (St Pauls Cathedral) ...

Cale: ... ... Best of ...

Canteloube: ... ... Songs of the Auvergne : Bailero (W) ... ... Paul Gatto ... de: Rudolf Epp ... de: Johann Baptist Hofner ... William-Adolphe Bouguereau ... Nicolae Grigorescu ... fr: Albert Roosenboom (peintre) ... Rosa Bonheur ... Cornelius Van Leemputten ... Theodore Gerard ([27]) ... Hans Dahl ... it: Luigi Chialiva ... Daniel Ridgway Knight ... Filippo Palizzi ... Camille Roqueplan ... Edmond_Tschaggeny ([28]) ... Winslow Homer ... Julien Dupré ... Eugène Joseph Verboeckhoven ... Santiago Michalek ... Christian Mali

Carreño: ... ... Vals Mi Teresita (Pequeño Vals, Little Waltz, My Little Girl) ...

Eva Cassidy ... ... Over the Rainbow (W) ...

Emmanuel Chabrier: ... ... Habanera (W) ... ... Habanera, piano (W) ... ... Habenera, piano, (Suzanne Manet-Leenhoff project) Suzanne Manet ...

Chopin: ... ... Piano Concerto No. 1 (W) ... ... Concerto No.2, Opus 21 (W) ... ... Nocturne 1, Op 9 (W) ... ... Nocturne 2, Op 9 (W) ... ... Nocturne in C, Op 20 (W) ... ... Ballade No. 4 In F Minor, Op. 52 (W) ... ... Prelude Op. 28 No. 15 Raindrop (Trifonov) (W) ... ... Raindrop Prelude (Op. 28 No. 15) (W) ... ... Andante Spianato - Grand Polonaise brillante op 22 (W) ... ... Berceuse in D-Flat Major, Op. 57 ...

Clarke ... ... Prince of Denmark's March (W) ...

Couperin: ... ... Les Baricades Mistérieuses (Piano) (W) ... ... Les Baricades Mistérieuses (Harpsichord) ... ... Les Baricades Mistérieuses (Theorbo) ... ... Les Baricades Mistérieuses (Marimba) ...

Debussy: ... ... Claire de Lune (W) ... ... Claire de Lune (W) ... ... Claire de Lune (W) ... ... Claire de Lune (guitar) (W) ... ... Chevaux trops longue ... ... Girl with Flaxen Hair (La fille aux cheveux de lin) (W) ...

Dire Straits: ... ... Money for Nothing (Sina) (W) ... ... Romeo & Juliet (Sina) (W) (Ly) ... ... Sultans Of Swing (Sina) (W) ... ... Telegraph Road (W) ...

Rihards Dubra: ... ... Ave Maria (W) ...

Dvořák: ... ... New World Symphony, Largo (W) ... ... Symphony No. 9 - (From the New World) (W) ... ... Dvorák: String Quartet No.12 in F major, Op.96 - "American" B.179 - 2. Lento (W) ...

Dylan:

- The Freewheelin' Bob Dylan (1962) : ... ... Blowin' in the Wind (W) (Lyrics) ... ... Girl from the North Country (W) (Lyrics) ... ... Don't Think Twice, It's All Right (W) ... ... Oxford Town (W) (Lyrics) ...

- The Times They Are a-Changin' (1964) : ... ... One Too Many Mornings (W) (Lyrics) ... ... Boots of Spanish Leather (W) (Lyrics) ... ... Boots of Spanish Leather (Mandolin Orange) ...

- Another Side of Bob Dylan (1964) : ... ... To Ramona (W) (Lyrics) ... ... To Ramona (Lohan) Sinéad Lohan ... ... To Ramona (Baez) Joan Baez ... ... To Ramona (Price) Alan Price ... ... It Ain't Me Babe ...

- Bringing It All Back Home (1965) : ... ... Mr Tambourine Man (W) (Lyrics) ... ... Mr Tambourine Man (W) (Lyrics) ...

- Highway 61 Revisited (1965) : ... Like a Rolling Stone ... ... Desolation Row (W) (Lyrics) ... ... Positively Fourth Street ...

- Blonde on Blonde (1966) : ... ... Just Like a Woman (W) (Lyrics) ... ... Sad Eyed Lady of the Lowlands (W) (Lyrics) ... ... Sad Eyed Lady of the Lowlands (Baez) ... ... Visions of Johanna (W) (Lyrics) ...

- John Wesley Harding (1967) : ... ... John Wesley Harding (W) (Lyrics) ... ... Dear Landlord (W) (Lyrics) ...

- Nashville Skyline (1969) : ... ... Lay Lady Lay (W) (Lyrics) ...

- Self Portrait (1970) : ...

- New Morning (1970) : ... ... If Not for You ... ... Time Passes Slowly ...

- Pat Garrett & Billy the Kid (1973) : ... ... Knockin’ on Heaven’s Door ((1965) nocking+on+heavens+door++lyrics&oq=knocking+on+heavens+door++lyrics&gs_lcp=CgZwc3ktYWIQAzIECAAQRzIECAAQRzIECAAQRzIECAAQRzIECAAQRzIECAAQRzIECAAQRzIECAAQR1AAWABgzt4CaABwAXgAgAEAiAEAkgEAmAEAqgEHZ3dzLXdpeg&sclient=psy-ab&ved=0ahUKEwjc2MvEt-XpAhW8Q0EAHXNTDCQQ4dUDCAw&uact=5 Lyrics) ... ... Knockin on heaven's door (Dunblane version) (Ted Christopher & Knopfler) ...

- Planet Waves (1974) : ... ... Forever Young ...

- Before the Flood (19xx) : ...

- Blood on the Tracks (1975) :... ... Tangled up in Blue (et al.) ... ... Simple Twist of Fate (et al.) ... ... You're a Big Girl Now (et al.) ... ... Idiot Wind (et al.) ... ... You're Gonna Make Me Lonesome When You Go (et al.) ... ... Meet Me in the Morning (et al.) ... ... Lily, Rosemary and the Jack of Hearts (et al.) ... ... If You See Her, Say Hello (et al.) ... ... Shelter from the Storm (et al.) ... ... Buckets of Rain (et al.) ...

... Buckets of Rain (W) (Lyrics) ... ... Idiot Wind (W) (Lyrics) ... ... If You See Her, Say Hello (W) (Lyrics) ... ... Lily, Rosemary and the Jack of Hearts (W) (Lyrics ... ... Meet Me in the Morning (W) (Lyrics) ... ... Shelter from the Storm (W) (Lyrics) ... ... Simple Twist of Fate (W) (Lyrics) ... ... Tangled Up in Blue (W) (Lyrics) ... ... You're a Big Girl Now (W) (Lyrics) ... ... You're Gonna Make Me Lonesome When You Go (W) (Lyrics) ...

- Desire (1976) : ... ... Sara (W) (Lyrics) ...

- Street-Legal (1978) : ...

- Time Out of Mind: ... ... Make You Feel My Love (Adele) (W) (Adele) (Lyrics) ... ... Make You Feel My Love (Dylan) ... ... Make You Feel My Love (Endy Asidor) ...

- Rough and Rowdy Ways (2020) : ... ... Murder Most Foul (W) [29] ...

Earthtones Trio: ... ... "O Come, O Come, Emmanuel" (W) ...

Ludovico Einaudi: ... ... Primavera (W) ... ... I Giorni (W) ... ... Le Onde (W) ... ... Due Tramonti (W) ... ... Oltramare (W) ... ... Passagio (W) ... ... Passagio (Violin duet) (W) ... ... Una Matina (W) ... ... Nuvole Bianche ... ... Petricor (W) ...

Eno: ...

- Here Come the Warm Jets (1973) ...

- Taking Tiger Mountain (By Strategy) (1974) ... ... Burning Airlines Give You So Much More (et al.) ... ... Back in Judy's Jungle (et al.) ... ... The Fat Lady of Limbourg (et al.) ... ... Mother Whale Eyeless (et al.) ... ... The Great Pretender (et al.) ... ... Third Uncle (et al.) ... ... Put a Straw under Baby (et al.) ... ... The True Wheel (et al.) ... ... China My China (et al.) ... ... Taking Tiger Mountain (et rien.) ...

- Another Green World (1975) ... ... Sky Saw (et al.) ... ... Over Fire Island (et al.) ... ... St. Elmo's Fire (et al.) ... ... In Dark Trees (et al.) ... ... The Big Ship (et al.) ... ... I'll Come Running (et al.) ... ... Another Green World (et al.) ... ... Sombre Reptiles (et al.) ... ... Little Fishes (et al.) ... ... Golden Hours (et al.) ... ... Becalmed (et al.) ... ... Zawinul/Lava (et al.) ... ... Everything Merges with the Night (et al.) ... ... Spirits Drifting (et fin.) ...

- Discreet Music (1975) ... ... Discreet Music ... ... Three Variations on the Canon in D Major by Johann Pachelbel : ... ... Fullness of Wind ... ... French Catalogues ... ... Brutal Ardour ...

- Before and After Science (1977) ...

- Ambient 1: Music for Airports (1978) ... ... 1/1 ... ... 1/2 ... ... 2/1 ... ... 2/2 ...

Fauré: ... ... Pavane ... ... Pelléas et Mélisande, Op.80 - 4. Sicilienne (W) ...

Franck: ... ... Panis Angelicus (Pavarotti) (W) ... ... Panis Angelicus (Rieu) (W) ... ... Panis Angelicus - Pavarotti, Sting ...

Stephen Fry: ... ... Fry ...

Chase Garrett: ... ... Garrett ...

Gershwin: ... .... Rhapsody in Blue (Piano) (W) ... ... Rhapsody in Blue (Piano) (W) ...

Ola Gjeilo: ... ... Dawn ...

Philip Glass: ... ... Violin Concerto (2nd movement) (W) ... ... Koyaanisqatsi (W) ...

Grieg: ... ... Morning ... ... Piano Concert 2 (W) ...

Benny Goodman: ... ... Sing Sing Sing (W) ... ... Swing Kids (W) ...

Henryk Górecki: ... ... Symphony No.3 "Sorrowful Songs" 3-2 (W) (2021-121) (Helena Błażusiakówna - Prayer) ... ... 3-2 Gibbons ... ... 3-3 ... ... 3-1,2,3 Gibbons ...

Gounod: ... ... Mors et Vita ...

Enrique Granados (Pantaleón Enrique Joaquín Granados y Campiña): ... ... Julian Bream Danza Española No. 5: Andaluza ... ... Granados plays Granados, Danza espanola no 5, Andaluza. (Piano roll ...

Handel: ... ... Minuet ??? ... ... Minuet in g minor arr Wilhelm Kempff (Buniatishvili) ... ... Air and Variations (The Harmonious Blacksmith) (W) ... ... Zadok the Priest W ...

Hang Massive: ... ... Once Again (lost tape remix) et al (Beats for Your Feet) ...

Harvey: ... ... Concerto antico: III. Cantilena (John Williams) ...

Jorg Hegemann: ... ... Hegemann ...

Karl Jenkins: ... ... Benedictus ...

Michael Kamen: ... ... Band of Brothers - Main theme Soundtrack (W) ... Band Of Brothers, Opening Credits (W) ...

Knopfler: ...

- Dire Straits (1979): ... ... Sultans Of Swing (Sina) (W) (Lyrics) ...

- Communiqué (1979): ...

- Making Movies (1980): ... ... Romeo & Juliet (Sina) (W) (Lyrics) ... ... Tunnel of Love (W) (Lyrics)

- Love Over Gold (1982): ... ... Telegraph Road (et al.) ... ... Private Investigations (et al.) ... ... Industrial Disease (et al.) ... ... Love Over Gold (et al.) ... ... It Never Rains (et al.) ... ... Telegraph Road (W) (Lyrics) ...

- Local Hero (1983): ... ... The Rocks and the Water (et al.) ... ... Wild Theme (et al.) ... ... Freeway Flyer (et al.) ... ... Boomtown (et al.) ... ... The Way It Always Starts (et al.) (Lyrics) ... ... The Rocks and the Thunder (et al.) ... ... The Ceilidh and the Northern Lights (et al.) ... ... The Mist Covered Mountains (et al.) ... ... The Ceilidh Louis'Favorite Billy Tune (et al.) ... ... Whistle Theme (et al.) ... ... Smooching (et al.) ... ... Stargazer (et al.) ... ... The Rocks and the Thunder (et al.) ... ... Going Home. Theme of the Local Hero (et al.) ...

- Alchemy: Dire Straits Live (1984): ... ... Telegraph Road (Cordoba, 1986) ...

- Cal (Soundtrack, 1984) (W): ... ... Irish Boy (et al.) ... ... The Road (et al.) ... ... Waiting for Her (et al.) ... ... Irish Love (et al.) ... ... A Secret Place Where Will You Go (et al.) ... ... Father and Son (et al.) ... ... Meeting Under the Trees (et al.) ... ... Potato Picking (et al.) ... ... In a Secret Place (et al.) ... ... Fear and Hatred (et al.) ... ... Love and Guilt (et al.) ... ... The Long Road (et al.) ...

- Comfort and Joy (1984 film) ((W)) : ... ... Comfort and Joy (Intro) ...

- Brothers in Arms (1985): ... ... So Far Away (et al.) (Lyrics) ... ... Money For Nothing (et al.) (Lyrics) ... ... Walk Of Life (et al.) (Lyrics) ... ... Your Latest Trick (et al.) (Lyrics) ... ... Why Worry (et al.) (Lyrics) ... ... Ride Across the River (et al.) (Lyrics) ... ... The Man's Too Strong (et al.) (Lyrics) ... ... One World (et al.) (Lyrics) ... ... Brothers In Arms (et al.) (Lyrics) ... ... Money for Nothing (Sina) (W) (Lyrics) ... ... Brothers in Arms (Sina) ... ... Why Worry? (An Evening with Mark Knopfler, 2009) (Lyrics) ...

- Secret Policeman's Third Ball (1987) (Amnesty International) ... ... Chet Atkins ...

- The Princess Bride (soundtrack, 1987): ...

- Wag the Dog (soundtrack, 1988): ...

- Last Exit to Brooklyn (Soundtrack, 1989): ... ... Last Exit To Brooklyn (et al.) (5.04) ... ... Victims (et al.) (2.28) ... ... Think Fast (et al.) (2.47) ... ... A Love Idea (et al.) (3.05) ... ... Tralala (et al.) (5.33) ... ... Riot (et al.) (6.23) ... ... The Reckoning (et al.) (7.13) ... ... As Low as it Gets (et al.) (1:30) ... ... Last Exit to Brooklyn Finale (et al.) (6.20) ... ... A Love Idea (Piano) ... ... A Love Idea (Piano & Violin) ...

- Neck and Neck (1990): ... ... Poor Boy Blues (et al.) (Lyrics) ... ... Sweet Dreams (et al.) ... ... There'll be Some Changes Made (et al.) ... ... Just One Time (et al.) ... ... So Soft, Your Goodbye (et al.) ... ... Tears (et al.) ... ... Tahitian Skies (et al.) ... ... Yakety Axe (et al.) ... ... The Next Time I'm in Town ... ... I'll See You In My Dreams (et al.) ... ... Poor Boy Blues (Atkins video) (et al.) ...

- On Every Street (1991): ... ... Calling Elvis (et al.bum) (W) (Lyrics) ... ... On Every Street (et al.) (Lyrics) ... ... When It Comes to You (et al.) (Lyrics) ... ... Fade to Black ([? Lyrics]) ... ... The Bug (et al.) (Lyrics) ... ... You and Your Friend (et al.) (Lyrics) ... ... Heavy Fuel (et al.) ([? Lyrics]) ... ... Iron Hand (et al.) (Lyrics) ... ... Ticket to Heaven (et al.) (Lyrics) ... ... My Parties (Lyrics) ... ... Planet of New Orleans (et al.) (Lyrics) ... ... How Long (et al.) (Lyrics) ...

- Screenplaying (1993): ... ... A Happy Ending (et al.) ... ... Wild Theme (et al.) ... ... Victims (et al.) ... ... The Mist Covered Mountains (et al.) ... ... The Long Road (et al.) ... ... The Friend's Song (et al.) ... ... Smooching (et al.) ... ... Potato Picking (et al.) ... ... Once Upon A Time Storybook Love (et al.) ... ... Morning Ride (et al.) ... ... Irish Love (et al.) ... ... Irish Boy (et al.) ... ... Guide My Sword (et al.) ... ... Going Home Theme Of The Local Hero (W) (et al.) ... ... Finale Last Exit To Brooklyn (et al.) ... ... Father And Son (et al.) ... ... Boomtown Variation Louis' Favourite (et al.) ... ... A Love Idea (et al.) ... ... A Happy Ending (et al.) ... ... Altamira (et al.) ...

- Golden Heart (1996): ... ...Darling Pretty (et al.) (Lyrics) ... ...Imelda (et al.) (Lyrics) ... ...Golden Heart (et al.) (Lyrics) ... ...No Can Do (et al.) (Lyrics) ... ...Vic and Ray (et al.) (Lyrics) ... ...Don't You Get It (et al.) (Lyrics) ... ...A Night in Summer Long Ago (et al.) (Lyrics) ... ...Cannibals (et al.) (Lyrics) ... ...I'm the Fool (et al.) (Lyrics) ... ...Je suis désolé (et al.) (Lyrics) ... ...Rudiger (et al.) (Lyrics) ... ...Nobody's Got the Gun (et al.) (Lyrics) ... ...Done with Bonaparte (et al.) (Lyrics) ... ...Are We in Trouble Now (et al.) (Lyrics) ...

... Gravy Train (W) (Lyrics) ... ... Are We in Trouble Now (W) (Lyrics) ... ... Done With Bonaparte (W) (Lyrics) ... ... Darling Pretty (W) (Lyrics) ... ... Gravy Train (W) (Lyrics) ... ... Golden Heart (W) (Lyrics) ... ... Je Suis Désolé (W) (Lyrics) ... ... A Night in Summer Long ago (W) (Lyrics) ... ... Cannibals (W) (Lyrics) ... ... Gravy Train (W) (Lyrics) ...

- Golden Heart Tour (1996): ... ... Vaison-la-Romaine (1996) (W) ... Setlist: 1 Darling Pretty (0:00) ... 2. Walk of Life (4:46) ... 3. Imelda (9:33) ... 4. The Bug (16:01) ... 5. Rüdiger (21:47) ... 6. Je Suis Désolé (28:28) ... 7. Calling Elvis (34:28) ... 8. I'm The Fool (45:37) ... 9. Last Exit To Brooklyn (51:05) ... 10. Romeo and Juliet (53:22) ... 11. Sultans of Swing (1:01:25) ... 12. Done With Bonaparte (1:18:16) ... 13. Father and Son (1:23:41) ... 14. Golden Heart (1:24:35) ... 15. Water of Love (1:29:36) ... 16. Cannibals (1:35:08) ... 17. Telegraph Road (1:42:42) ... 18. Brothers in Arms (1:58:10) ... 19. Money for Nothing (2:07:07) ... 20. A Night in Summer Long Ago (2:14:08) ... 21. The Long Highway (2:19:46) ... 22. Going Home - Theme of The Local Hero (2:23:57) ...

- Metroland (Soundtrack 1999) (W): ...

- Sailing to Philadelphia (2000): ... ... What It Is (et al.) (Lyrics) ... ... Sailing to Philadelphia (et al.) (Lyrics) ... ... Who's Your Baby Now (et al.) (Lyrics) ... ... Baloney Again (et al.) (Lyrics) ... ... The Last Laugh (et al.) (Lyrics) ... ... Do America (et al.) (Lyrics) ... ... Silvertown Blues (et al.) (Lyrics) ... ... El Macho (et al.) (Lyrics) ... ... Prairie Wedding (et al.) (Lyrics) ... ... Wanderlust (et al.) (Lyrics) ... ... Junkie Doll (et al.) (Lyrics) ... ... Speedway at Nazareth (et al.) (Lyrics) ... ... Sands of Nevada (et al.) (Lyrics) ... ... One More Matinee (et al.) (Lyrics) ...

... All ... Tracklist: What it is (00:00) ... ... Sailing to Philadelphia (04:58) ... ... Who's your baby now (10:28) ... ... Baloney again (13:34) ... ... The last laugh (18:45) ... ... Silvertown blues (22:07) ... ... El Macho (27:40) ... ... Prairie wedding (33:10) ... ... Wanderlust (37:37) ... ... Speedway at Nazareth (41:30) ... ... Junkie doll (47:53) ... ... Sands of Nevada (52:35) ... ... One more matinee (56:29) ... ... ... Sailing To Philadelphia (W) (Lyrics) ... ... Prairie Wedding (Lyrics) ... ... Speedway at Nazareth ((W)) (Lyrics) ...

- Sailing to Philadelphia Tour (2001): ... ...Live in Nîmes (2001) (Nîmes) (tracklist: 01. Calling Elvis (0:00:00) ... ... 02. Walk of life (0:09:37) ... ... 03. Bonnie Banks O'Loch Lomond (0:17:47) ... ... 04. What it is (0:19:02) ... ... 05. Romeo and Juliet (0:24:25) ... ... 06. Sultans of Swing (0:33:59) ... ... 07. Band introduction (0:43:29) ... ... 08. Done with Bonaparte (0:45:54) ... ... 09. Sailing to Philadelphia (0:51:36) ... ... 10. Prairie wedding (0:58:30) ... ... 11. Junkie doll (1:03:04) ... ... 12. Pyroman (1:09:30) ... ... 13. Speedway at Nazareth (1:16:49) ... ... 14. Telegraph Road (1:24:26) ... ... 15. Brothers in arms (1:39:40) ... ... 16. Money for nothing (1:48:02) ... ... 17. So far away (1:58:24) ... ... 18. Wild Theme / Local Hero (2:04:09)) ... ...

- A Shot at Glory (2002): ... ... A Shot at Glory (album) (W) ... ... Hard Cases (A Shot at Glory) (W) ...

- Shangri-La (2004): ... ... 5:15 am (et al.) (Lyrics) ... ... Boom, Like That (et al.) (Lyrics) ... ... Sucker Row (et al.) (Lyrics) ... ... Trawlerman's Song (et al.) (Lyrics) ... ... Back to Tupelo (et al.) (Lyrics) ... ... Our Shangri-La (et al.) (Lyrics) ... ... Everybody Pays (et al.) (Lyrics) ... ... Song for Sonny Liston (et al.) (Liston) (Lyrics) ... ... Whoop De Doo (et al.) (Lyrics) ... ... Postcards From Paraguay (et al.) (Lyrics) ... ... All That Matters (et al.) (Lyrics) ... ... Stand Up Guy (et al.) (Lyrics) ... ... Donegan's Gone (et al.) (Lyrics) ... ... Don't Crash the Ambulance (et al.) (Lyrics) ...

- Shangri-La Tour : ... ... Live in Nashville (2005) Setlist: ... 1 Why Aye Man (0:00) ... ... 2 Walk Of Life (8:17) ... ... 3 What It Is (14:30) ... ... 4 Sailing To Philadelphia (20:00) ... ... 5 Romeo And Juliet (26:56) ... ... 6 Sultans Of Swing (36:22) ... ... 7 Done With Bonaparte (49:31) ... ... 8 Song For Sonny Liston (55:56) ... ... 9 Rüdiger (1:05:10) ... ... 10 Donegan's Gone (1:11:33) ... ... 11 All That Matters (1:17:50) ... ... 12 Boom Like That (1:21:42) ... ... 13 Speedway At Nazareth (1:28:11) ... ... 14 Telegraph Road (1:34:57) ... ... 15 Brothers In Arms (1:51:48) ... ... 16 Money For Nothing (1:59:16) ... ... 17 So Far Away (2:06:37) ... ... 18 Our Shangri-La (2:11:16) ... ...

- All the Roadrunning (Emmylou Harris): ... ... Beachcombing (et al.) (Lyrics) ... ... I Dug Up A Diamond (et al.) (Lyrics) ... ... This Is Us (et al.) (Lyrics) ... ... This Is Us (et al.) (Lyrics) ... ... Love and Happiness (et al.) (Lyrics) ... ... Right Now (et al.) (Lyrics) ... ... Belle Starr (et al.) (Lyrics) ... ... Beyond my Wildest Dreams (et al.) (Lyrics) ... ... All the Roadrunning (et al.) (Lyrics) ... ... If This is Goodbye (et al.) (Lyrics) ... ... ('The Guardian', September 15 2001, Only love and then oblivion. Love was all they had to set against their murderers Ian McEwan) ... ... Donkey Town (et al.) (Lyrics) ... ... Red staggerwing (et al.) (Lyrics) ... ... Rollin'on (et al.) (Lyrics) ... ... ... All the Roadrunning (Album) (Tracklist: ... 1. Beachcombing ... ... 2. I Dug Up A Diamond ... ... 3. This Is Us ... ... 4. Red Staggerwing ... ... 5. Rollin' On ... ... 6. Love & Happiness ... ... 7. Right Now ... ... 8. Donkey Town ... ... 9. Belle Starr ... ... 10. Beyond My Wildest Dreams ... ... 11. All The Roadrunning ... ... 12. If This Is Goodbye ) ... ... Love & Happiness ...

- Kill to Get Crimson (2007): ... ... Kill to Get Crimson (Album series) (2007) (et al.) ... ... True Love Will Never Fade (et al.) ... ... The Scaffolders Wife (et al.) ... ... The Fizzy and the Still (et al.) ... ... Heart Full of Holes (et al.) ... ... We Can Get Wild (et al.) ... ... Secondary Waltz (et al.) ... ... Punish the Monkey (et al.) ... ... Let It All Go (et al.) ... ... Behind with the Rent (et al.) ... ... The Fish and the Bird (et al.) ... ... Madame Geneva's (et al.) ... ... In the Sky ...

- Kill To Get Crimson Tour (2008) ... ... 2008 Kill To Get Crimson Tour (2008) (W) ...

- An Evening with Mark Knopfler, (The Prince's Trust, Hurlingham, 2009): ... ... Sailing to Philadelphia (et al.) ... ... Sultans of Swing (et al.) ... ... Romeo & Juliet (et al.) ... ... Get Lucky (et al.) ... ... Why Worry (et al.) ... ... Money for Nothing (et al.) ... ... Monteleone (et al.) ... ... Song for Sonny Liston (et al.) ... ... If This Is Goodbye (et al.) ... ... Brothers in Arms ...

- Get Lucky (2009): ... ... Border Reiver (et al.) (Lyrics) ... ... Hard Shoulder (et al.) (Lyrics) ... ... You Can't Beat The House (et al.) (Lyrics) ... ... Before Gas and Tv (et al.) (Lyrics) ... ... Monteleone (et al.) (Lyrics) ... ... Cleaning My Gun (et al.) (Lyrics) ... ... The Car Was The One (et al.) (Lyrics) ... ... Remembrance Day (et al.) (Lyrics) ... ... Get Lucky (et al.) (Lyrics) ... ... So Far From the Clyde (et al.) (Lyrics) ... ... Piper To The End (et al.) (Lyrics) ... ... Early Bird (et al.) (Lyrics) ... ... Time in the sun (et al.) (Lyrics) ... ... Pulling Down The Ride (et al.) (Lyrics) ... ... Home Boy (et al.) (Lyrics) ... ... Good As Gold (et al.) (Lyrics) ...

... Get Lucky. (Complete album, 2009) (Tracks: 1. Border Reiver ... ... 2. Hard Shoulder ... ... 3. You Can't Beat The House ... ... 4. Before Gas & T.V. ... ... 5. Monteleone ... ... 6. Cleaning My Gun ... ... 7. The Car Was The One ... ... 8. Remembrance Day ... ... 9. Get Lucky ... ... 10. So Far From The Clyde ... ... 11. Piper To The End ) ... ... Border Reiver (Border reivers Albion Motors) Lyrics ... ... Get Lucky Lyrics ... ... Monteleone (W) (Lyrics) ... ... Piper to the end (W) (Lyrics) ... ... Remembrance Day Lyrics ...

- Get Lucky Tour (2010) : ... ... Get Lucky Tour - Live in Glasgow, 2010 (W) ... ... London (2010) (W) ...

- Privateering (2012): ... ... Redbud Tree (et al.) (Lyrics) ... ... Haul Away (et al.) (Lyrics) ... ... Don't Forget Your Hat (et al.) (Lyrics) ... ... Privateering (et al.) (Lyrics) ... ... Miss Your Blues (et al.) (Lyrics) ... ... Corned Beef City (et al.) (Lyrics) ... ... Go, Love (et al.) (Lyrics) ... ... Hot Or What (et al.) (Lyrics) ... ... Yon Two Crows (et al.) (Lyrics) ... ... Seattle (et al.) (Lyrics) ... ... Kingdom Of Gold (et al.) (Lyrics) ... ... Got To Have Something (et al.) (Lyrics) ... ... Radio City Serenade (et al.) (Lyrics) ... ... I Used To Could (et al.) (Lyrics) ... ... Gator Blood (et al.) (Lyrics) ... ... Bluebird (et al.) (Lyrics) ... ... Dream Of The Drowned Submariner (et al.) (Lyrics) ... ... Blood And Water (et al.) (Lyrics) ... ... Today is Okay (et al.) (Lyrics) ... ... After The Beanstalk (et al.) (Lyrics) ... ... Why Aye Man (et al.) (Lyrics) ... ... Cleaning My Gun (et al.) (Lyrics) ... ... Corned Beef City (et al.) (Lyrics) ... ... Sailing to Philadelphia (et al.) (Lyrics) ... ... Hill Farmer's Blues (et al.) (Lyrics) ... ... Occupation blues (et al.) (Lyrics) ... ... River of Grog (et al.) (Lyrics) ... ... Follow the Ribbon (et al.) (Lyrics) ... ... Your Perfect Song (et al.) (Lyrics) ...

... Full Album ... (Tracklist: 01. "Redbud Tree" (00:00) ... ... 02. "Haul Away" (03:16) ... ... 03. "Don't Forget Your Hat" (07:19) ... ... 04. "Privateering" (12:34) ... ... 05. "Miss You Blues" (18:53) ... ... 06. "Corned Beef City" (23:11) ... ... 07. "Go, Love" (26:42) ... ... 08. "Hot or What" (31:35) ... ... 09. "Yon Two Crows" (36:31) ... ... 10. "Seattle" (41:00) ... ... CD 2. 01. "Kingdom of Gold" (45:15) ... ... 02. "Got to Have Something" (50:35) ... ... 03. "Radio City Serenade" (54:53) ... ... 04. "I Used to Could" (59:49) ... ... 05. "Gator Blood" (1:03:25) ... ... 06. "Bluebird" (1:07:40) ... ... 07. "Dream of the Drowned Submariner" (1:11:10) ... ... 08. "Blood and Water" (1:16:04) ... ... 09. "Today Is Okay" (1:21:23) ... ... 10. "After the Beanstalk" (1:26:07) ... ... Dream Of The Drowned Submariner W (Lyrics) ... ... Miss You Blues ...

- Amnesty International 50th Anniversary. (2015): ... ... Restless Farewell (Dylan) ...

- Tracker (2015): ... ... Laughs And Jokes And Drinks And Smokes (et al.) (Lyrics) ... ... Basil (et al.) (Lyrics) ... ... River Towns (et al.) (Lyrics) ... ... Skydiver (et al.) (Lyrics) ... ... Broken Bones (et al.) (Lyrics) ... ... Long Cool Girl (et al.) (Lyrics) ... ... Lights Of Taormina (et al.) (Lyrics)... ... Silver Eagle (et al.) (Lyrics) ... ... Beryl (et al.)) (Lyrics) ... ... Wherever I Go (et al.) (Lyrics) ... ... Hot Dog (Bonus) (et al.) (Lyrics) ... ... .38 Special (et al.) (Lyrics) ... ... My Heart Has Never Changed (et al.) (Lyrics) ... ... Terminal Of Tribute To (et al.) (Lyrics) ... ... Heart Of Oak (et al.) (Lyrics) ... ... Oklahoma Ponies (et al.) (Lyrics) ... ... Time Will End All Sorrow (et al.) (Lyrics) ...

... Mighty Man (et al.) (Lyrics) ... ... Lights of Taormina (W) (Lyrics) ... ... Silver Eagle ((Lyrics)) ... ... Wherever I go (W) (Lyrics) ... ... Long, Cool Girl (Lyrics) ...

- Tracker Tour (2015): ... ... Sevilla (26-07-2015) ... ... Setlist: ... 1 Broken Bones (0:00) ... ... 2 Corned Beef City (5:35) ... ... 3 Privateering (11:49) ... ... 4 Father and Son & Hill Farmer's Blues (19:15) ... ... 5 Skydiver (28:42) ... ... 6 Laughs and Jokes and Drinks and Smokes (36:35) ... ... 7 Romeo and Juliet (43:39) ... ... 8 Sultans of Swing (54:06) ... ... 9 She's Gone & Your Latest Trick (1:02:31) ... ... 10 Postcards from Paraguay (1:09:17) ... ... 11 Speedway at Nazareth (1:16:44) ... ... 12 Telegraph Road (1:23:40) ... ... 13 So Far Away (1:38:50) ... ... 14 Going Home : Theme of the Local Hero (1:43:57) ... ...

- Altamira (Film (2016)) (with Evelyn Glennie): ... ... Altamira (et al.) ... ... Maria (et al.) ... ... Dream of the Bison (et al.) ... ... By the Grave (et al.) ... ... Onward (et al.) ... ... Marcelino's Despair (et al.) ... ... Farewell to the Bison (et al.) ... ... This is Science (et al.) ... ... Glory of the Cave (et al.) ... ... Farewell to Altamira (et al.) ...

- Down The Road Wherever Tour 2019: ... ... A Coruña, (2019) ... ... Barcelona, (2019) ... ... Leeds, (2019) ... ... Madison Square Garden, (2019) ...

- Misc: ??? ... BBC Sessions (2019) ... ... Song for Sonny Liston ... STP Frostrup Chat ... ... A life in Songs (part 1) ... ... A life in Songs (part 2) ... ... A life in Songs (part 3) ... ... A life in Songs (part 4) ... ... A life in Songs (part 5) ... ... Golden Heart (Official Documentary) ... ... Shangri-La (Documentary) ...

... Korngold : ... ... Marietta's Lied (Beneditti - Proms) ...(W) ... Marietta's Lied (Beneditti) ... (W) ...

L

Morten Lauridsen: ... ... O Magnum Mysterium (W) (2021-134) ... ... Interview ...

Liszt: ... ... Liebstraume (W) ... ... F. Liszt - "Ständchen" Piano Transcriptions After Schubert (et al) ... ... Liebestraume No 3 (W) (Buniatishvili) ... ... Standchen No. 4 from Schwanengesang D 957 (arr. Liszt) (Buniatishvili) ... ... Standchen No. 4 (arr. Liszt) ... ... Consolation (Batashvili) ... ... Consolation No 3 (W) ... ... Consolation No 3 (Horrowitz) (W) ...

Los Del Río: ... ... Macarena ... ... Macarena (Rieu) ...

Mascagni: ... ... Cavalleria rusticana (W) ...

Massenet: ... ... Meditation from Thais (W) ... ... Meditation from Thais (Eifel Tower) (W) ...

Glen Miller: ... ... In the Mood (W) ...

Monteverdi: ... ... Pur ti Muro (Bell) ...

Cristóbal de Morales: ... ... Parce mihi, Domine (i) ... ... Parce mihi, Domine (ii) ... ... Parce mihi, Domine (iii) ...

Morricone: ... Gabriel's Oboe (W) ... ... Cinema Paradiso (W) ... ... Once Upon A Time In The West (W) ...

Mozart: ... ... Rondo Alla Turca (W) ... ... Clarinet Concerto (W) ...

Newman: ... ... American Beauty (W) ...

Vítězslav Novák: ... ... Suite No.1 (Shostakovich)rqbq6fHg Slovak Suite [30] ...

Arvo Pärt: ... ... Spiegel im Spiegel W ... ... Spiegel im Spiegel (Cello) (W) ... ... For Alina: Variations for the Healing of Arinushka ... ... Da Pacem (full album) ... Da pacem Domine (Pärt) ...

Penguin Cafe Orchestra: (Simon Jeffes) ... ... Whistle Test-1984 ... ... Prelude & Yodel ... ... Union Cafe (1993) ... ... Perpetuum Mobile ... ... Music for a Found Harmonium, Ecstasy of Dancing Fleas, et al ... ... Music for a Found Harmonium ... ... Air a Danser ... ... Beanfields ... ... Beanfields ... ... Whistle Test ... ... Numbers 1-4 ... ... Southern Jukebox Music ... ... In the back of a Taxi ...

Astor Piazola: ... ... Libertango (W) ... ... Libertango (W) ... ... Libertango (W) ... ... Libertango (W) Rieu ...

Rachmaninoff: ... ... Piano Concerto No.2 (Adagio sostenuto) , W ... ... "Ave Maria", Vespers op.37 (W) ... ... All-Night Vigil, Op. 37 | "Hail, O Virgin Mother (Ave Maria)" (W) ...

Ravel: ... ... Pavane pour une infante défunte ... ... Ott ... ... Piano Concerto in G Major (Martha Argerich) W ...

Max Richter: ... ... On The Nature Of Daylight (Entropy) W ... ... De Profundis - The Leftovers, W ...

Rieu: ... ... Love in Maastricht ... ... Tula Tula ... ... Shostakovich Jazz Suite No.2, Waltz ...

Riopy: ... ... Meditation 22 Le Reve d'une Note. ...

Rodrigo: ... ... Concierto de Aranjuez (W) ...

Rutter: ... ... A Gaelic Blessing (W) ...

Gaspar Sanz : ... ... Canarios (Williams) Canarios

Saint-Saëns: ... ... Violin Concerto No 3 (W) ...

Erik Satie: ... ... Gymnopédies and Gnossiennes Gymnopédies & Gnossiennes, (Édouard Cortès) ... ... Gymnopedies Gymnopédies ... ... Gnossiennes Gnossiennes... ... Gymnopedie No.1 (guitar) ...

Claude-Michel Schönberg: Bring Him Home ...

Schubert: ... ... Impromptu No. 3 in G-Flat Major, Op. 90, D. 899 W ... ... No.4 Standchen from Schwanengesang D 957 (arr. Franz Liszt). (Chaimovich) W ... ... Ständchen D954. (BozarSundays : Camille Thomas and Beatrice Berrut) W W ... ... Schubert: Standchen (Schwanengesang, D 957: no 4) W ... .. F. Liszt - "Ständchen" Piano Transcriptions After Schubert (et al) ... ... Trio 2, Andante con moto (W) ... ... Trio 2, Allegro (W) ... ... String Quintet in C major D.956 (Adagio) ...

Shankar: ... ... Joshua Bell - 2015 (Paris) ... ... Land of Gold. (Glastonbury 2016) (W) ... ... Land of Gold. (Rudolstadt) (W) ... Raga Piloo - 2016 (Patricia Kopatchinskaja) ... Pancham Se Gara Anourag ... ... Traveller, live at Girona Festival 2011 ... ... Voice of the Moon, Coutances, 2014 ...

Shostakovich: ... ... Piano Concerto 2-2 (W) ... ... Piano Concerto No. 2 in F Major, Op. 102: II. Andante, (Bernstein) (W) ... ... Jazz Suite No.1 (W) ... ... Jazz Suite No.2 (W) ... ... Jazz Suite No.2, (Rieu) (W) ...

Sibelius: ... ... Andante Festivo (W) ... ... Karelia Intermezzo (W) ... ... The Swan of Tuonela (W) ...

Valentyn Silvestrov: ... ... Silvestrov: The Messenger (For Piano Solo) Hélène Grimaud ...

Sigur Rós: ... ... Valtari (Full Album) (2012) (W) ... ... Live from the Walt Disney Concert Hall ...

Simon: ... ... Sound of Silence ... ... S&G 1964 ... ... S&G Live ... ... Scarborough Fair ...

Sina: ...

... Mother (Pink Floyd), Vienna D'Amato Hall, Andre Fratto, Sina ... Black Betty ... ... Brothers in Arms (DS:UK) ... ... Dance with the Devil ... ... Don't stop Believing ... ... Downstream (Orchestral Version) ... ... Gadda da Vida ... ... Locomotive Breath ... ... Money for Nothing ... ... Neytiri ... ... Polk Salad Annie - Elvis ... ... Romeo & Juliet ... ... Sultans Of Swing ... ... Wipeout ... ... Woman from Tokyo ... ... Won't Get Fooled Again ... ... You aint seen nothing yet ... ... Playlist all ...

Springsteen: ... ... Alexa, Play Springsteen ... ... If I Should Fall Behind ... ... idem ... ... Jungleland ... ... Drive all night ... ... The Promised Land ... ... Youngstown ... ... Racing in the Street ... ... Maybe ...

Sveinsson: ... ... Sound of Divine Revelation ...

Tallis: ... ... Spem in alium (W) ... ... Spem in alium - (Harry Christophers) (W) ... ... Spem in alium. A mystery in 40 parts. (Jaakko Mäntyjärvi) ...

Tárrega: ... ... Recuerdos de la Alhambra ... ... Capricho Arabe (Alexandra Whittingham - et al) ... ... Best of ... 1:20 ...

Taverner : ... ... Song for Athene (W) ...

Tchaikovsky: ... ... String Quartet No.1-2 (W) (Borodin Quartet) ... ... String Quartet No. 1 (2nd movt) (W) ...

Yann Tiersen: ... ... Amelie. - Comptine d'un autre été, (W) ... ... Framboises ... ... Comptine d'un autre été (Two guitars) (W) ...

Vangelis: ... ... Missing (W) ...

Vaughan Williams: ... ... Fantasia on a Theme by Thomas Tallis (W) ...

Voces8: ...

... Winter (album 2016) ... ... Holst: In the Bleak Midwinter, Holst (Arr. Gjeilo) (W) ...

Wagner : ... ... Tristan und Isolde - Prelude to Act 1 (W) ...

John Williams: ... ... Hymn to the Fallen (W) ...

Wiseman: ... ... The quiet room ...

Zipoli: ... ... Elevazione ... ... Adagio for Oboe ...

Misc :... ... Adagios ... ... (00:00:00 J.S. Bach - Orchestral Suite No. 3 in D Major, BWV 1068: II. Air) ... ... (00:04:17 Brahms - Symphony No. 3 in F Major, Op. 90: III. Poco allegretto) ... ... (00:10:17 Beethoven - Piano Sonata No. 8 in C minor “Pathétique”: II Agagio cantabile) ... ... (00:15:04 Marcello - Oboe Concerto in D Minor: II. Adagio) ... ... (00:18:56 Ravel - Piano Concerto in G Major: II. Adagio Assai) ... ... (00:28:15 Beethoven - Symphony No. 6 in F Major, Op. 68 “Pastoral”: II Andante molto mosso (Szene am Bach)) ... ... (00:40:56 Beethoven - Piano Concerto No. 3 in C Minor, Op. 37: II. Largo) ... ... (00:53:40 Brahms - Violin Concerto in D Major, Op. 77: II. Adagio) ... ... (01:03:23 Beethoven - Piano Sonata No. 12 in C-Sharp Minor “Moonlight”: I. Adagio sostenuto) ... ... (01:09:06 Grieg - Peer Gynt Suite No. 1, Op. 46: I. Morning Mood) ... ... (01:13:18 Chopin - Piano Concerto No. 1 in E minor Op.11: II. Romance. Larghetto) ... ... (01:24:05 Fauré - Élégie, Op. 24) ... ... (01:30:34 Mahler - Symphony No. 5: IV. Adagietto. sehr langsam) ... ... (01:38:51 Mozart - Piano Concerto No. 21 in C Major, K. 467: II. Andante "Elvira Madigan") ... ... (01:44:54 Rachmaninoff - Piano Concerto No. 2 in C Minor, Op. 18: II. Adagio sostenuto) ... ... (01:56:01 Mozart- Concerto for Clarinet and Orchestra in A Major, K. 622: II. Adagio) ... ... (02:03:21 Schubert - Symphony No. 5 in B-Flat Major, D. 485: II. Andante con moto) ... ... (02:14:10 Mozart - Piano Concerto No. 23 in A Major K. 488: II. Andante) ... ... (02:20:30 Tchaikovsky - Serenade for Strings, Op. 48: III. Élégie. Larghetto elegiac ...

... Il y a longtemps que je t'aime. (Trailer) (W) ... ... Il y a longtemps que je t'aime. ... ... Scott Thomas ... ... Film review ...

Spencon

Spencon BBC. Spencon: Inside the collapse of an African construction giant

Helena Wanda Błażusiakówna

Helena Błażusiakówna

At last created and extended:-

pl: Helena Wanda Błażusiakówna, does not link,
pl: Helena Wanda Błażusiakówna-Pawlik, does not link,
external web-link works

fy: Helena Wanda Błażusiakówna

Helena Wanda Błażusiakówna (born circa 1937,) was a Polish girl from the vicinity of Zakopane , a town in the far south of Poland. She was a member of the Góral ("mountain dweller") community, which spanned the border with Czeckoslovakia in the Tatra mountains.

During the Nazi occupation of Poland during World War 11, on September 26, 1944, the 18 year old was arrested and held in the Gestapo headquarters in Zakopane. During her imprisonment she scratched a short prayer in the wall of cell number 3, which was subsequently discovered by the Polish composer Henryk Górecki and set to music as the second movement of his Symphony No. 3 'Sorrowful Songs'.

Sjaella

de: Sjaella

Jörg Hegemann

[31]

Source : German Wiki. Jörg Hegemann

Jörg Hegemann (born June 11, 1966 in Dortmund) is a German boogie-woogie pianist.

Table of Contents

1 career

2 awards

3 Discographic notes

4 sheet music editions

5 web links

6 itemizations

==Career

Hegemann has been performing since 1987 and was a founding member of the band The Chicago Four. The band's greatest success was a gig supporting The Blues Brothers in 1989 in the Hagen Stadthalle.

Since 1995, Hegemann has led a boogie trio with Reinhard "Django" Kroll on double bass and Jan Freund on drums. The trio is supported by the boogie shouter Thomas Aufermann and as a duet partner on the piano Peter Botzleiner-Reber. Hegemann tours throughout Europe and has been to the blues and boogie-woogie festivals in Beaune (France), Brussels (Belgium), Ermelo (Netherlands), Fomag (England), Lugano (Switzerland), Terrassa (Spain), Wels (Austria) and probably the largest in Laroquebrou , France . Since 2008 he has also been musical director of the annual concert series "Boogie Woogie Congress" in the Saalbau Essen "Master of Boogie Woogie" at the de: House Opherdicke moated castle.

Hegemann had some TV appearances, u. a. on the de: Rudi Carrell Show, Current Hour, Live Wednesdays and Dreamtime Festival.

Hegemann embodies the classic style of Boogie Woogie; A special feature of his performances are the anecdotes about Albert Ammons and explanations about Boogie-woogie and the history of early Jazz.

==Awards

2009: "Pianist of the Year" at the German Boogie Woogie Awards "Pinetop", Bremen. [1]

==Discographic notes

1995: Boogie Woogie Express (Anthea Records, AR 9511)

1998: Steam Driven Boogie (Anthea Records, AR 9815, with Django Kroll , Carsten Aufermann)

2002: Boogie Woogie Fireworks - Live (Anthea Records, AR 0096, with Django Kroll, Jan Freund, and Thomas Aufermann, Peter Reber)

2002: Eight to the Bar - Live (Anthea Records, AR 0097)

2007: A Tribute to Albert Ammons – Piano Solo (Anthea Records, AR 0105)

2012: Swanee River Boogie (Anthea Records, AR 0110)

2013: Jörg Hegemann & Patrick Ziegler Boogie Woogie Generations (Anthea Records, AR 0111)

2015: Jörg Hegemann (special guest: Thomas Scheytt ) Live at the Dixieland Jubilee (CHAOS/Bauer Studios, LC 07326)

2016: Jörg Hegemann Trio (featuring: Rolf Marx ) The Art of Albert Ammons (Anthea Records, AR 0116)

2021: Jörg Hegemann featuring Paul G. Ulrich Foot Tappin' Boogie (Anthea Records, AR 0119)

2022: Jörg Hegemann High End Boogie Woogie (Anthea Records, AR 0120)

==Sheet music editions

The following sheet music editions were published by Jörg Hegemann in collaboration with Meinolf Schelvis:

- Boogie Woogie Express (Four original transcriptions from the CD of the same name) published by Blue Taste Music, ISMN M-700134-01-3

- Boogie Woogie, Blues & Ragtime published by Blue Taste Music, ISMN M-700134-00-6

==External links

Jörg Hegemann's website
Portrait of Jörg Hegemann on Boogie-Online.de
Jorg Hegemann at Discogs

Pont levant de la rue de Crimée

fr: Pont levant de la rue de Crimée

Fives-Lille

Sizaire-Berwick

F. W. Berwick and Co

Jack Warner, the actor who later portrayed British icon Dixon of Dock Green worked at the repair facilities in Balham,^[1] where he started by sweeping the floors for 2d per hour.^[2] In August 1913 he was sent to work as a mechanic in Paris and to drive completed chassis to the coast,road-testing them en route.^[3]

Windsor

Helene von Breuning

de: Helene von Breuning

Sina Doering

[[32]] [[33]] Everybody Wiki

René Neuville

Lovers 9000BC british museum.jpg

René Neuville (born October 20, 1899 in Gibraltar , † June 23, 1952 in Jerusalem) was a French diplomat and prehistorian who was stationed at the French consulate in Jerusalem.

===Biography

Neuville's father was Consul General of France in Gibraltar.

===Diplomatic career

Neuville began his consular career in Ventimiglia on the Italian Riviera.

In 1926, he was appointed to the Jerusalem consulate, where he remained for eleven years.

He was appointed French Consul to Alicante in 1937, then to Gibraltar and Morocco at the start of the Second World War.

In 1943, After the liberation of Algeria by the Allies, he went to Algiers and later to Tunis he transferred to Algiers, then to Tunis. In 1946, he was appointed Consul General of France in Jerusalem, where he resumed his archaeological work, but the diplomatic functions monopolised his time. He was notably in office during the attack on the King David Hotel (July 22, 1946). In 1946 he was called to Jerusalem as Consul General. After the July 22, 1946 assassination attempt by the Irgun on the King David Hotelin Jerusalem, he sent a situation report to the French Ministry of Foreign Affairs on July 24. He continued his research, but the troubled situation in post-war Palestine left him little time and opportunity for this work. In 1951, his last publication on the Paleolithic and Mesolithic was published in the Judean Desert in Paris.

===Archaeology

almost 11 years. During this time he dealt with the study of the prehistory of Palestine and subsequently published several monographs with other archaeologists and wrote archaeological articles in professional journals. In 1933 he made a test cut on the terrace of El Khiam .

In 1933, In 1933, Neuville discovered the remains of five people who were buried there in the Middle Paleolithic during his excavation of a cave at Jebel Qafzeh near Nazareth . excavating a cave in Jebel Qafzeh near Nazareth, he discovered the remains of five individuals buried in a deposit from the Middle Paleolithic.

Another discovery this year was the discovery of an eleven-thousand-year-old figure of the epipalaeolithic Natufien culture from near Bethlehem . These so-called lovers of Ain Sakhri come from the Ain Sakhri cave near Bethlehem and have been in the British Museum in London since 1958 .^[4]

He continued his archaeological research in Gibralter.

===References

^ Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. OUP Oxford.
^ Tell Me Another, personal anecdotes as told to Dick Hills. Southern Television, first broadcast 10 August 1977.
^ "Grace's Guide to British Industrial History". Retrieved 19 October 2015.
^ Ein Schaukelstuhl aus Bethlehem in Frankfurter Rundschau vom 18. Juli 2013, S. 34.

Mestral Castle

Cascades de Gimel

Cascades_de_Gimel, Gimel waterfalls

fr: Cascades_de_Gimel

45°17′53″N 1°51′00″E / 45.298194°N 1.850023°E / 45.298194; 1.850023 (Cascades de Gimel)

baroness gisela von krieger

1937 Mercedes-Benz 540K Special-Roadster Baroness Gisela Von Krieger used this car to escape Nazi Germany just as the war broke out.

Sources :

Forbes 10 million dollar Mercedes

Clara Rodríguez

Clara Rodríguez (Born 1970) is a Venezuelan pianist.

Louise Sarazin

Louise Sarazin, (November 6, 1847, Foix, † 16 October 1916, Paris), played a significant role in early automotive history having been party to its beginnings in France and Germany. She was the wife of Edouard Sarazin, an entrepreneurial Belgian industrialist and patents lawyer

? Denis de Boisse ? ?

Source fr: Émile Levassor

^

Source :
Cyber Motorcycle
Before either agreement could be properly formalised, Édouard Sarazin developed a serious illness. On the 24th of December 1887, he died. He was 47.

On his deathbed he said to his wife Louise, "In your own interests, and for the good of our children, I recommend that you maintain the business connection with Daimler. His invention is entirely trustworthy, and it will have a future, the magnitude of which we cannot begin to imagine today."1. He also asked that she maintain the relationship with Levassor and Panhard.^[1]

Source:
fr: Lydie Sarazin-Levassor

Lydie Sarazin-Levassor is a French writer .

Adopted granddaughter of car manufacturer Émile Levassor , she was born onSeptember 25 , 1902. She dies onJune 23 , 1988.

At twenty-four, she married Marcel Duchamp , theJune 7, 1927, at the town hall of the sixteenth arrondissement of Paris, and the June 8at the Temple of the Star. This arranged marriage, facilitated by Francis Picabia , necessary for all, lasts a short time.

Lydie Sarazin-Levassor is a French writer .

Adopted granddaughter of car manufacturer Émile Levassor, she was born on September 25 , 1902. She dies onJune 23 , 1988.

Lydie Sarazin-Levassor became a writer of some note. In June 1927, Duchamp married Lydie Sarazin-Lavassor; however, they divorced six months later. It was rumored that Duchamp had chosen a marriage of convenience, because Sarazin-Lavassor was the daughter of a wealthy automobile manufacturer. Early in January 1928, Duchamp said that he could no longer bear the responsibility and confinement of marriage, and they were soon divorced.^[2]

John Farndon

John Farndon books on popular science, earth science, nature, and environmental issues, including'How the Earth Works', 'The Wildlife Atlas', 'The Dictionary of the Earth'.

Walter Devereux (assasin)

Walter Devereux (assasin) Wiki ---Albrecht von Wallenstein (redirect from Walter Devereux (assassin)) Eger/Cheb in Bohemia by one of the army's officials, an Irish general, Walter Devereux, with the emperor's approval. Wallenstein was born on 24 September

A few hours later, an Irish captain, Walter Devereux, together with a few companions, broke into the burgomaster's house at the main square where Wallenstein had his lodgings (again courtesy of Gordon), and kicked open the bedroom door. Devereux then ran his halberd through the unarmed Wallenstein, who, roused from sleep, is said to have asked in vain for quarter.

The Holy Roman Emperor had given free rein to the party who he knew wished "to bring in Wallenstein, alive or dead". After the assassination, he rewarded the murderers with honour and riches.^[3]

Albrecht von Wallenstein was the supreme commander of the armies of the Habsburg Monarchy and was a major figure of the Thirty Years' War. ... a Bohemian^[a] military leader and an Imperial Count Palatine, who offered his services and an army of 30,000 to 100,000 men to Ferdinand II, Holy Roman Emperor during the Thirty Years' War (1618–48).

^ Rabb, Theodore (1964). The Thirty Years' War: Problems of Motive, Extent, and Effect. Boston: Univ. of Am. Press. p. 123. In Wallenstein were embodied the fateful forces of his time. He belonged to the men of the Renaissance and the world of the Baroque, but also he stood above these categories as an exceptional individual. He went beyond Czech or German nationality, beyond Catholic or Protestant denominations. ... He was a Bohemian and a prince of the German Empire.

Lydston Granville Hornsted

Lydston Hornsted, (1884-1957) First British Land Speed Record holder

Land speed record - 1898–1965 (wheel-driven)

Herbert Baker

Herbert Baker

{{Herbert Baker}} Telegraph, May 2016, Britain's first Robot - Eric

History of robots

Georges Blind

Georges Blind https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Georges_Blind

Lafitte

Lafitte (automobile) The Lafitte was a French automobile manufactured in Paris from 1923-1928. The 'SA de Construction de Voiturettes Th. Lafitte', owned by Theodore Laffitte, manufactured a light cycle-car which was renowned for its innovative engineering. It incorporated a three cylinder radial engine mounted in a hinged cage, which was tilted by the driver to engage and vary the ratio of the friction drive to the rear wheels. Uniquely, the friction drive consisted of a convex steel flywheel and a concave 'clutch plate' that was faced by wound strips of paper or sometimes leather. ^[4] ^[5] ^[6]

===History

The company began constructing automobiles in Paris in 1923 on The Quai . In 1926 Lafitte started using the manufacturing facility of the defunct Doriot, Flandrin & Parant. In 1928 it ceased production.

===Models

The Lafitte was an unconventional car. It was powered by 3 cylinder radial engine o 736cc capacity

===References

^ [Cyber Motorcycle
^ Hulten, Pontus. Marcel Duchamp, Work and Life: Ephemerides on and about Marcel Duchamp and Rrose Selavy, 1887–1968. Pages 8–9 June (1927) to 25 January (1928). ISBN 0-262-08225-X.
^ The Encyclopedia of World History (6th edition)
^ Motor Sport Magazine, Page 58, May 1989, Veteran to classic - Lightweights in Wales
^ USA Patent Application, 1914, Theodore Lafitte
^ WSCC (Westfield Sports Car Club), Newsletter, September 26, 2016. CVT from 1928 at Kop Hill, by 'Man On The Clapham Omnibus'

Gerard Beljon

Gerard Beljon

Gerard Beljon
Birth name	Gerard Beljon
Born	16 April 1952 Utrecht, Netherlands
Genres	Contemporary Chamber music
Instrument(s)	Lutist, guitarist,

Website	http://www.gerardbeljon.nl/index.htm

Gerard Beljon (16 April 1952, Utrecht) is a musician and composer from the Netherlands, specialising in Chamber and choral music with contemporary resonances.

Cecil Michaelis

Cecil Michaelis

Maximilian Gustav Alfred Cecil Michaelis (born Cabourg, France 19 August 1913-died Aix-en-Provence 3 May 1997), was an artist who also practised in glass and ceramics, and a philanthropist who encouraged crafts and design. He was the only son of Sir Max Michaelis, a South African randlord.

James Parrott

James Parrott wrong one
James Parrott (runner)

http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/magazine-27298505

https://www.facebook.com/photo.php?fbid=644872218894900&set=a.644005025648286.1073741826.157260034322790&type=1&theater

Head of the River

The Women's Eights Head of the River Race 17 March

Winners of the Head pennant. - Crew composite of Army RC, Gloucester RC, Imperial College BC, London RC, Minerva-Bath RC, Oxford Brookes University BC, and Tees RC

Women

Helmut Kohlenberger

Neebs

Niamh

Ni Bhuachalla

Neeve Buckley

Neebs

Ceirano

Ceirano

https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ceirano

https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anexo:Empresas_automovil%C3%ADsticas_fundadas_por_los_hermanos_Ceirano Logotipo Año Empresa Fundador(es) Descripción Marca 1898 Ceirano & C. Giovanni Battista Ceirano Ceirano LogoCeirano1901.jpg 1901 Fratelli Ceirano & C. Giovanni Battista Ceirano Matteo Ceirano Ceirano 1904 Società Torinese Automobili Rapid Giovanni Battista Ceirano Rapid ItalaLogo.jpg 1904 Itala Fabbrica Automobili Matteo Ceirano Itala 1905 Junior Fabbrica Torinese Automobili Giovanni Ceirano Junior SPA1906.jpg 1906 Società Piemontese Automobili Matteo Ceirano SPA Emblem SCAT.JPG 1906 Società Ceirano Automobili Torino Giovanni Ceirano SCAT LogoCeirano.jpg 1917 Ceirano Fabbrica Automobili Giovanni Ceirano Giovanni "Ernesto" Ceirano Ceirano LogoCeirano.jpg 1923 SCAT-Ceirano Giovanni Ceirano Ceirano

The Ceirano brothers (Giovanni Battista, Giovanni & Matteo) were all significant figures in the early years of the Italian automotive industry.

[34]

The first company to bear their name was founded by the eldest brother, Giovanni Battista, at Turin in 1866 to built bicycles. In 1898 this company was renamed 'Ceirano & C' and in the following year the first car, a 3.5HP two cylinder Welleyes design, emerged. In that same year Ceirano sold his company to a group of investors who formed the Fabbrica Italiana Automobili Torino (or FIAT). He remained in the new company for around one year, after which he left and, together with his brother (Matteo), founded a new company 'Fratelli Ceirano', again at Turin. In 1903 Matteo left and formed 'Matteo Ceirano & C', still in the same street whilst in 1904 Givanni Battista wound up the 'Fratelli Ceirano' concern and formed STAR (Societa Torinese Automobili Rapid).

1904 saw Matteo's company renamed 'Matteo Ceirano & C - Vetture Marca Itala', otherwise known as Itala. Matteo left this latter company the following year in order to form, together with Ansaldi, a company called Ceirano-Ansaldi which then led to the formation of SPA in 1906.

Going back to 1904 and the next brother, Giovanni, founded 'Ceirano Junior & C', again in Turin. The following year saw the name change to 'Junior Fabbrica Torinese Automobili'. In 1906 it employed around 50 workers and produced 130 cars. That year also saw Giovanni leave the company to found SCAT. After the first world war Giovanni and his son, Ernesto, founded 'S.A. Giovanni Ceirano'. After a few years of competition Giovanni also took control of SCAT, and in 1925 the cars began to be built with the name 'Ceirano' replacing SCAT.

Hiallt

Hiallt (born c.920)^[1] was a Danish Norseman (Viking) who settled in Normandy, France in the 10th century, following the success of Rollo 1st Duke of Normandy and the Treaty of Saint-Clair-sur-Epte. He settled in the Cotentin Peninsula and founded the village of Hialtus Villa (Hauteville). By the 11th century Hauteville had also developed into the family name of his descendents, headed by his great grandson Tancred of Hauteville.^[2]^[3]^[1] The later generations of the Hauteville family went on to play a pivotal role in both Western European and Middle Eastern life that still resonates in contemporary geopolitics.

==Ancestors

Hiallt was descended from the House of Ogier the Dane (aka Holgar "Danske"), his great great great great great grandfather who died in 817. He was also the great great great great great great grandson of King Gudfred of Denmark.^[1]

According to the genealogy charts in The British Chronicles by David Hughes,^[1] Hiallt was the son of Ivor; who was the son of Magnus; who was the son of Olaf; who was the son of Arailt (aka "Harald") died 856; who was the son of Hingmar (aka "Ivar"); who was the son of Sveide "The Sea King" or "The Viking" (died 832); who was the son of Ogier the Dane (aka Holgar "Danske") and his third wife Astritha, daughter of King Gudfred.^[1]

==Descendents

The sons and descendents of Hiallt's great grandson Tancred of Hauteville played a pivotal role in both Western European and Middle Eastern life that still resonates in contemporary geopolitics.^[4] They conquered firstly southern Italy (Norman conquest of southern Italy) - where Robert d'Hauteville, (known as Robert Guiscard), became Duke of Apulia and Calabria;^[5] they became rulers of Sicily - Roger I of Sicily; Roger II - King of Sicily; and were leaders of the Crusades against the Islamic world to restore Christian control of the Holy Land and grab more new lands. Tancred's grandson Bohemond I of Antioch (Prince of Taranto and Prince of Antioch) was a leader in the First Crusade, and Goffredo Malaterra bluntly states in the text De Rebus Gestis Rogerii Calabriae et Siciliae Comitis et Roberti Guiscardi Ducis fratris eius that he took the Cross with the intention of plundering and conquering Greek lands.^[6] Tancred's great-grandson, Tancred, Prince of Galilee, was also a leader in the First Crusade.^[4]

==See also

Hauteville family#Genealogy- for a complete genealogy of Tancred's 12 sons

==References

^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e Google books, The British Chronicles, Volume 2 By David Hughes, Page 527
^ Hill, James S. The place-names of Somerset. St. Stephen's printing works, 1914, Princeton University. Page 256
^ Revue de l'Avranchin et du pays de Granville, Volume 31, Issue 174, Parts 3-4. Société d'archéologie, de littérature, sciences et arts d'Avranches, Mortain, Granville. the University of Michigan.
^ ^a ^b BBC 2010 documentary series, The Normans presented by Professor Robert Bartlett (historian)
^ http://sbaldw.home.mindspring.com/hproject/prov/richa001.htm
^ Gaufredo Malaterra, De Rebus Gestis Rogerii Calabriae et Siciliae Comitis et Roberti Guiscardi Ducis fratris eius, ed. Ernesto Pontieri, Rerum Italicarum Scriptores V pt.1 (Bologna, 1927-8).

Category:920 births Category:Year of death unknown Category:Viking Age Category:Norsemen Category:Normans

Pete St John

Fame & fortune: Pete St John I'm only rich to the tune of €300 says the songwriter who claims that he has never made a mint from his music, even though his work endures

Gabrielle Monaghan May 1 2011, 1:01am, The Sunday Times

‘People don’t want to pay for music any more,’ says St John (Fergal Phillips) ‘People don’t want to pay for music any more,’ says St John (Fergal Phillips) Share Save When Dubliner Pete St John wrote The Fields of Athenry in 1979, after reading a story about a young man deported from east Galway to Australia for stealing corn for his family, he never imagined it would become an anthem for millions of football and rugby fans.

Royalties still trickle in from the song, adopted by Republic of Ireland supporters during the 1990 World Cup and by Celtic fans in Glasgow later that decade, and others such as The Rare Ould Times. But St John finds himself, in his mid-seventies, at the mercy of the twin pressures of the decline of the music business and the recession.

St John, born Peter Mooney, attended Scoil Mhuire Gan Smal in Inchicore and Synge Street CBS, before working around Ireland as an electrician and emigrating to Canada. After stints as a truck driver and logging camp labourer in the Americas, he became an electrical contracting executive in the US.

He became involved in the civil rights and peace movements before returning to Dublin in the late 1970s.

Faced with a city utterly changed, St John was inspired to write songs about the social and physical transformations he saw. His songs became popular with Ireland’s best-known performers of the day, including the Dubliners and Paddy Reilly.

The Fields of Athenry has even been adopted by Liverpool supporters, who chose the song in 2009 to commemorate the 20th anniversary of the Hillsborough disaster, in which 96 fans were crushed to death. A documentary about the ballad, made by Noel Pearson, the producer of My Left Foot, was shown on RTE in December.

St John dismisses any notion that the song, sung by Celtic supporters amid sectarian clashes with Rangers fans, has any republican undertones.

“I go over to Celtic games and know the head guys over there, but as far as I’m concerned, the Fields is a song set in famine times,” he said. “I’ve been involved in marking the National Famine Memorial Day on May 15 for the past six years. We walk from the Garden of Remembrance to the Jeanie Johnston boat and do a few songs.”

St John, who lives on the northside of Dublin, still writes every day. In 2008, he penned a country-and-western-style ditty called the Never Drink and Drive Song, which was launched by the Road Safety Authority and has since been used in anti-drink-driving campaigns in America and Australia. The songwriter will host a celebration of 30 years of The Fields of Athenry at the National Concert Hall on May 8.

How much money do you normally carry in your wallet?

About €300. Maybe it’s my age, but I think cash always has its own message.

What credit cards do you use?

I use a MasterCard. I pay it off religiously.

Are you a saver or a spender?

Probably a spender. Like most people, I like to be free to do a bit of travel, and I like a decent meal so I go to the best places to have it. I travel to America about twice a year and go to some of the big music festivals in Europe, mostly to keep up with what’s new.

Do you buy shares?

No, I never have. I don’t believe in them. Look at what happened to all those people who bought bank shares.

Have you ever been really hard up or broke?

Yeah, a couple of times in the past. You just survive it and move on. I felt it was tough when I emigrated to Canada in 1960 and I was waiting a year for a visa to the States. I left Ireland with just $70 (€47) and a master electrician’s card in my pocket. It was very rough up there in Canada, and there were a lot of Irish, Scots and Brits.

I ended up playing semi-professional football and having semi-forgettable jobs such as being a bottle washer in a brewery.

Do you own property?

No, I don’t. I have on occasion. I wasn’t tempted during the boom because I always felt there was something wrong when I would meet tradesmen and they were buying a second home in Portugal.

It wasn’t that I was super smart — just a bit cautious.

What was your first job and how much were you paid?

I was delivering messages for a butcher in Inchicore after school when I was 14. I got two shillings, and there was a lot of spending in that. They were the rare old times. Once I got my inter cert, I went to the technical school on Kevin Street, got a scholarship and did an indentured apprenticeship as an electrician. I didn’t emigrate because I had to, though things were rough in Dublin. I wanted to experience a bit of the world.

What is the most lucrative work you have ever done?

Songwriting. The Rare Ould Times and The Ferryman were never going to make me hugely rich, but nobody forced me to become a songwriter. The Fields of Athenry, now that will keep on churning along. It’s nice to pick up the odd cheque for €50 or €100 for it. But I’m never going to be able to run out and buy a Mercedes.

What is the worst thing to have happened to you financially?

A couple of business ventures that went sideways on me in the States back in the 1970s. I’d rather not say what they were.

I was a bit naive and I got sucked in and found out I shouldn’t have done that.

Have you ever seen people spend money in a way that shocked you?

Like every other person who is worried about everyday expenses, I find it scandalous that bankers are leaving with these payments and pensions. It’s very upsetting. We’ve all become aware of it, but will the new government do anything about it? I just returned from a month in the US and I found the same kind of mental downer there. All that American gung-ho attitude is on hold.

Do you manage your own financial affairs?

I do. It’s always complicated. There’s always a trickle of royalties coming in, but the income is marginal. People don’t want to pay for music any more. Talking to other songwriters and musicians, I hear a lot of moaning, but it’s a business like any other business.

What was your best investment?

The airline ticket I bought to move to Canada. In those days, you used to pay down a few quid and pay in instalments.

I don’t think I ever paid the rest.

What was your worst investment?

The business ventures I invested in when I was in America.

Have you been affected by the recession?

Absolutely. My earnings from royalties have virtually gone and concert tickets have been affected by the decline in people’s disposable income. The punter has less money to spend because after he buys the necessities, pays the mortgage, the ESB and puts money into running his car, he’s lucky to have a couple of quid left over to buy a few jars and a concert ticket. There was a time I would never worry about whether a concert hall would fill. But now I appreciate when somebody pays to buy a seat to listen to me and I have to accept the market the way it is.

What is the most important lesson you have learnt about money?

Think twice. Because once it’s gone it’s gone.

Louis Rigoulot

Misc ... Nye

Two truly pioneer motor races had been run beside the river Seine in Paris as early as 1887 and 1888, organised by Paul Faussier (or ‘Fossier', of the La Vélocipède cycling magazine. The Count de Dion won the first, but his little steam-engined quadricycle was the only starter. Fossier/Faussier persevered, and in 1888 a second ‘La Vélocipède’-sponsored horseless-carriage race was run – this time from Neuilly to Versailles (20kms – 12.4 miles). This time it attracted two starters; the Count de Dion winning again, this time in a three-wheeler, defeating a Serpollet – both steam-powered.

Great Anchor test at end - For Iceland and beyond

GAT at end,

talk

Suggest you see if hard HTML code solves the issue with the span around the wikitext image part of code (usually starts with and ends with ). ...This is certainly what the original wikitext Anchor syntax was designed to do in text but images are rendered as <div>s where the <div>shave all sorts of css style properties like float:right hidden in their class structures which will get the [[#Anchor syntax processing engine confused. Be aware that you must have a unique to the HTML page served up "anchor name"and I only suspect that the [[#Anchor syntax will work fine if hard coded from time years ago when I modified wikipedia php code for wikipedia extensions. I do not use anchors much myself. ChaseKiwi (talk) 20:49, 21 February 2024 (UTC)

test

GAT Images list - with {anchors}}

Text on the right

GAT 01 Almond blossom

GAT Names index - [pointers]]

van Gogh: Almond blossom

GAT 01 Almond blossom,

Lorem Ipsum - nibh suspicit euismod.Integer enim. Donec sapien ante, accumsan ut,sodales commodo, auctor quis, lacus. Maecenas a elitlacinia urna posuere sodales. Curabitur pede pede,molestie id, blandit vitae, varius ac, purus. Mauris atipsum vitae est lacinia tincidunt. Maecenas elit orci, gravida ut, molestie non, venenatis vel,lorem. Sed lacinia. Suspendisse potenti. Sed ultrucies cursus lectus. In id magna sit amet nibhsuspicit euismod. Integer enim. Donec sapien ante, accumsan ut, sodales commodo, auctorquis, lacus. Maecenas a elit lacinia urna posuere sodales. Curabitur pede pede, molestie id,blandit vitae, varius ac, purus.

Lorem Ipsum - Morbi dictum. Vestibulum adipiscing pulvinar quam. In aliquam rhoncus sem. In mi erat, sodaleseget, pretium interdum, malesuada ac, augue. Aliquam sollicitudin, massa ut vestibulum posuere, massa arcu elementumpurus, eget vehicula lorem metus vel libero. Sed in dui id lectus commodo elementum. Etiam rhoncus tortor. Proin alorem. Ut nec velit. Quisque varius. Proin nonummy justo dictum sapien tincidunt iaculis. Duis lobortis pellentesque risus.Aenean ut tortor imperdiet dolor scelerisque bibendum. Fusce metus nibh, adipiscing id, ullamcorper at, consequat a,nulla. Quid Novi?

Lorem Ipsum - Lorem Ipsum dolor sit amet,consectetur adipisicing elit, sed doeiusmod tempor incididunt ut laboreet dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim adminim veniam, quis nostrudexercitation ullamco laboris nisi utaliquip ex ea commodo consequat.Duis aute irure dolor inreprehenderit in coluptate velit essecillum dolore eu fugiat nulla pariatur.Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatatnon proident, sunt in culpa quiofficia deserunt mollit anim id estlaborum.

Lorem Ipsum - Phasellus orci. Etiam tempor elit auctor magna. Nullam nibh velit, vestibulum ut, eleifend non, pulvinar eget, enim. Classaptent taciti sociosqu ad litora torquent per conubia nostra, per inceptos hymenaeos. Integer velit mauris, convallis acongue sed, placerat id, odio. Etiam venenatis tortor sed lectus. Nulla non orci. In egestas porttitor quam. Duis nec diameget nibh mattis tempus. Curabitus accumsan pede id odio. Nunc vitae libero. Aenean condimentum diam et turpis.Vestibulum non risus. Ut consectetuer gravida elit. Aenean est nunc, varius sed, alquam eu, feugiat sit amet, metus. Sedvenenatis odio id eros.

Hokusai: Great wave

GAT 02 Great wave,

Lorem Ipsum - Lorem Ipsum dolor sit amet,consectetur adipisicing elit, sed doeiusmod tempor incididunt ut laboreet dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim adminim veniam, quis nostrudexercitation ullamco laboris nisi utaliquip ex ea commodo consequat.Duis aute irure dolor inreprehenderit in coluptate velit essecillum dolore eu fugiat nulla pariatur.Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatatnon proident, sunt in culpa quiofficia deserunt mollit anim id estlaborum.

Lorem Ipsum - Phasellus orci. Etiam tempor elit auctor magna. Nullam nibh velit, vestibulum ut, eleifend non, pulvinar eget, enim. Classaptent taciti sociosqu ad litora torquent per conubia nostra, per inceptos hymenaeos. Integer velit mauris, convallis acongue sed, placerat id, odio. Etiam venenatis tortor sed lectus. Nulla non orci. In egestas porttitor quam. Duis nec diameget nibh mattis tempus. Curabitus accumsan pede id odio. Nunc vitae libero. Aenean condimentum diam et turpis.Vestibulum non risus. Ut consectetuer gravida elit. Aenean est nunc, varius sed, alquam eu, feugiat sit amet, metus. Sedvenenatis odio id eros.

Boats 1

GAT 03 Boats 1,

Koson: Boats 1

Lorem Ipsum - Morbi dictum. Vestibulum adipiscing pulvinar quam. In aliquam rhoncus sem. In mi erat, sodaleseget, pretium interdum, malesuada ac, augue. Aliquam sollicitudin, massa ut vestibulum posuere, massa arcu elementumpurus, eget vehicula lorem metus vel libero. Sed in dui id lectus commodo elementum. Etiam rhoncus tortor. Proin alorem. Ut nec velit. Quisque varius. Proin nonummy justo dictum sapien tincidunt iaculis. Duis lobortis pellentesque risus.Aenean ut tortor imperdiet dolor scelerisque bibendum. Fusce metus nibh, adipiscing id, ullamcorper at, consequat a,nulla. Quid Novi?

Boats 2

GAT 04 Boats 2,

Egrets 1

GAT 05 Egrets 1,

GAT 05 Egrets 1

Egrets 2

GAT 06 Egrets 2,

GAT 06 Egrets 2

Crow

GAT 07 Crow,

GAT 07 Crow

Swallows

GAT 08 Swallows,

GAT 08 Swallows

Woodpecker

GAT 09 Woodpecker,

GAT 09 Woodpecker

Fly catcher

GAT 10 Fly catcher,

GAT 10 Fly catcher

Peter end

[1st-Amendment?-QED-1] Haberman, Maggie (30 July 2016). "Donald Trump Criticizes Muslim Family of Slain U.S. Soldier, Drawing Ire". New York Times. Retrieved 1 August 2016.

[:0-2] Ranjan Roy, Rajeev (3 February 2008). "After kidney scam, India eyes anti-quackery bill". Hindustan Times. Indo-Asian News Service. Retrieved 19 September 2021.

[Rock_n_Roll-3] unsubstantiated stuff

[inflation-UK-5] UK Retail Price Index inflation figures are based on data from Clark, Gregory (2017), "The Annual RPI and Average Earnings for Britain, 1209 to Present (New Series)", MeasuringWorth, retrieved 7 May 2024

[inflation-UK-4] UK Retail Price Index inflation figures are based on data from Clark, Gregory (2017). "The Annual RPI and Average Earnings for Britain, 1209 to Present (New Series)". MeasuringWorth. Retrieved 7 May 2024.

[6] quivalent to $2,500,000 in 2023

[inflation-US-7] 1634–1699: McCusker, J. J. (1997). How Much Is That in Real Money? A Historical Price Index for Use as a Deflator of Money Values in the Economy of the United States: Addenda et Corrigenda (PDF). American Antiquarian Society. 1700–1799: McCusker, J. J. (1992). How Much Is That in Real Money? A Historical Price Index for Use as a Deflator of Money Values in the Economy of the United States (PDF). American Antiquarian Society. 1800–present: Federal Reserve Bank of Minneapolis. "Consumer Price Index (estimate) 1800–". Retrieved February 29, 2024.

[9] text text text text ...

[fnAreas-12] Areas of the brain and functions affected:
cerebral cortex – thought, perception and language;

limbic cortex – emotions and behavior;

hippocampus – memory;

midbrain and basal ganglia – movement;

brain stem – sleep, alertness, and autonomic dysfunction;

olfactory cortex – smell.
Also affected are the hypothalamus, spinal cord and peripheral nervous system — autonomic dysfunction.^[2]^[3]

[10] rebral cortex – thought, perception and language;

[11] rtex – emotions and behavior;

[12] us – memory;

[13] rain and basal ganglia – movement;

[14] rain stem – sleep, alertness, and autonomic dysfunction;

[15] tory cortex – smell.

[FOOTNOTENational_Archives1331-8] National Archives 1331.

[FOOTNOTEKosaka2017Orimo_S,_Chapter_9,_p._113-10] Kosaka 2017, Orimo S, Chapter 9, p. 113.

[11] Ref Text

[13] "8 Secrets Of The South Bank Lion". Londonist. 2016-09-06. Retrieved 2019-05-30.

[espn.co.uk-14] "The famous golden lion at Twickenham". ESPN.co.uk. Retrieved 2019-05-29.

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Anchor 0 - "Toujours le même"

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