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Ford Focus Active
[edit]| Ford Focus Active | |
|---|---|
 Active (left) Active estate (right) | |
| Overview | |
| Manufacturer | Ford |
| Production | January 2019-present October 2019-August 2024 (North America) |
| Model years | 2019 - present 2020-2025 (North America) |
| Body and chassis | |
| Class | compact liftback crossover Car |
| Body style | 4-door crossover |
| Layout | Front-engine |
| Related | Ford C2 Platform |
| Chronology | |
| Predecessor | Ford Focus |
The Ford Focus Active is a crossover vehicle that Ford has produced in the US since late 2019. It replaced the Ford Focus sedan (1998-2019). The Ford Focus Active is planned to be a raised, body-cladded version of its Focus hatchback in the UK. It is built in China and costs in the low $20,000 range.[1]. The Ford Focus Active is sold in the UK since January 2019 and costs around ₤22,000.[2]
The Ford Focus Active got its nameplate from its predecessor Ford Focus. It is one of only two small cars that Ford will continue to sell in North America after 2020. The other small car is the Ford Mustang.[3] Production ended in 2024.
Design, Engines and Fuel Economy
[edit]The Ford Focus Active is based on the Ford Focus 4th Generation Hatchback. It has tougher-looking front and rear bumpers, protective black plastic cladding lining the arches and sills, a set of roof rails, and a raised ride height courtesy of revised suspension and larger tyres.[4] Four engines are brought over from the standard Focus, with two petrols (1.0-liter/123bhp and 1.5-liter EcoBoost/148bhp) and two diesel (1.5-liter diesel, 1.5-liter EcoBlue diesel). The 1.0-liter three-cylinder EcoBoost can manage around 45mpg while the more powerful 1.5-liter petrol engine returns just over 40mpg. The diesel versions return just above 50 mpg.[5]
Active wagon
[edit]| Ford Focus Active Wagon/Estate | |
|---|---|
 Active Wagon | |
| Overview | |
| Manufacturer | Ford |
| Production | 2019–2023 |
| Model years | 2020-2023 |
| Body and chassis | |
| Class | Mid-size crossover SUV |
| Body style | 4 door Compact Crossover SUV |
| Layout | Front-engine |
| Chronology | |
| Predecessor | Ford Explorer (fifth generation) |
Ford released the Active wagon in the UK and Australia to replace the Taurus Wagon. The wagon seats up to eight passengers.Ford will introduce this car in North America in January of 2020 to replace the Flex and will be for the 2020 model year. Production halted in July 2023, being replaced by the seventh generation Ford Explorer.
-
Active Wagon rear
Lincoln Zephyr
[edit]| Lincoln-Zephyr | |
|---|---|
 A 2006 Lincoln Zephyr | |
| Overview | |
| Manufacturer | Lincoln (Ford) |
| Production | 1936-1941 2005-2006 2021-present |
| Model years | 1936-1942 2006 2022-present |
| Body and chassis | |
| Class | Mid-size luxury car (1936-1942; 2006) Executive Car (E segment) (2021-present) |
| Body style | 4-door sedan 4-door convertible sedan 2-door sedan 2-door coupe 2-door convertible coupe |
| Chronology | |
| Predecessor | See individual sections |
| Successor | See individual sections |
First Generation (1936-1942)
[edit]| First Generation | |
|---|---|
 Lincoln-Zephyr V-12 four-door sedan (1938) | |
| Overview | |
| Manufacturer | Lincoln (Ford) |
| Production | 1936-1941 |
| Assembly | Lincoln Assembly, Detroit, Michigan |
| Body and chassis | |
| Class | Mid-size luxury car |
| Body style | 4-door sedan 4-door convertible sedan 2-door sedan 2-door coupe 2-door convertible coupe |
| Related | Lincoln Continental |
| Powertrain | |
| Engine | 267 cu in (4.4 L) flat-head 110 hp (82 kW) V12[6][7] |
| Transmission | 3-speed manual[7] |
| Dimensions | |
| Wheelbase | 122–125 in (3,099–3,175 mm)[7] |
| Length | 202.5–210 in (5,144–5,334 mm)[7] |
| Height | 69 in (1,753 mm) [7] |
| Chronology | |
| Successor | Lincoln H-series |
Overview
[edit]Introduced on November 2, 1935,[8] as a 1936 model, the Lincoln-Zephyr was extremely modern with a low raked windscreen, integrated fenders, and streamlined aerodynamic design, which influenced the name "zephyr", derived from the Greek word zephyrus, or the god of the west wind. It was one of the first successful streamlined cars after the Chrysler Airflow's market resistance, and the concept car Pierce Silver Arrow, which never went into production. In fact, the Lincoln-Zephyr actually had a lower coefficient of drag than the Airflow, due in part to the prow-like front grille on the Zephyr, reflecting the popularity of leisure speedboats like Chris-Craft. The Lincoln-Zephyr succeeded in reigniting sales at Lincoln dealerships in the late 1930s, and from 1941 model year, all Lincolns were Zephyr-based[9] and the Lincoln-Zephyr marque was phased out. Annual production for any year model was not large, but accounted for a large portion of the Lincoln brand's sales. In its first year, 15,000 were sold, accounting for 80% of Lincoln's total sales.
Production of all American cars was halted by the Government in 1942 as the country entered World War II, with Lincoln producing the last Lincoln Zephyr on February 10.[10] After the war, most makers restarted production of their prewar lines, and Lincoln was no exception. The Zephyr name, however, was no longer used after 1942, with the cars simply called Lincolns.
The idea of a smaller and more modern luxury car to fill the gap in Lincoln's traditional lineup was revisited in the 1950 Lincoln Lido (The Lido was the same size as other two-door Lincolns, though[11]), 1977 Lincoln Versailles, 1982 Continental, and 2000 Lincoln LS. The Zephyr name was resurrected in 2006 for the car's spiritual successor, the Zephyr, which was quickly renamed the MKZ for 2007.
Gallery
[edit]-
Lincoln-Zephyr V-12 four-door sedan 1936 -
1937 Lincoln-Zephyr V-12 four-door sedan -
Lincoln-Zephyr V-12 coupe 1937 -
Lincoln-Zephyr V-12 convertible coupe 1938 -
Lincoln-Zephyr V-12 convertible sedan 1938 -
Lincoln-Zephyr V-12 four-door sedan 1939 -
Lincoln-Zephyr 1939 -
Lincoln-Zephyr V-12 convertible coupe 1939 -
Lincoln Zephyr club coupe 1942
Models
[edit]
The following were the Zephyr models for 1936 to 1940:
- Lincoln-Zephyr V-12 (1936–1940)
- For 1936, available as two-door sedan or four-door sedan, a locking glove box was standard.[12] Radio was optional. The turning radius was 22 feet (6.7 m).[13] For 1937 the 2-door Sedan was renamed Coupe-Sedan, a Coupe (3-Window) was added along with a formal Town-Limousine. For 1938 a Convertible Coupe and a Convertible Sedan was added. For 1940 the Coupe-Sedan was replaced by the Club Coupe, the Convertible Sedan was discontinued. Trunk space was increased in 1940.[14]
- Lincoln-Zephyr Continental (1940) was the first time the name Continental appeared on a car from Lincoln, as a model under Lincoln-Zephyr rather than a separate model. They were partially hand-built since dies for machine-pressing were not constructed until 1941. Production started on December 13, 1939, with the Continental Cabriolet, from June 1940 also available as Continental Club Coupe. Just 350 Cabriolets and 54 Club Coupes were built.[15]
When the last Lincoln V-12 (Model K) had been delivered on January 24, 1940,[16] the Lincoln Motor Company was soon to be transformed into Lincoln Division, effective on May 1, 1940,[17] and for 1941 model year the Lincoln-Zephyr was no longer a separate marque. All 1941 models were Lincolns and the Zephyr-based Lincoln Custom replaced both the large Lincoln K-series cars and the Lincoln-Zephyr Town-Limousine. It also had full instrumentation.[18]
The following Lincoln-Zephyr heritage models were sold under Lincoln marque after Lincoln and were merged for the 1941 model year:
- Lincoln Zephyr V-12 (1941–1942)[19] Both years available as Sedan, Coupe, Club Coupe and Convertible Coupe
- Lincoln Custom (1941–1942) Sedan and Limousine, some with blinded quarter roof option[20]
- Lincoln Continental (1941–1948) Cabriolet and Coupe
- Lincoln (1946–1948)
When Lincoln resumed production after World War II the Zephyr name was dropped[21] and the cars sold without a proper model name, known just by their body styles - Sedan, Club Coupe, or Convertible Coupe - during the 1946-1948 model years.[22] For identification purposes, they are typically referred to as the H-Series, while the approach of offering a luxuriously equipped vehicle in a smaller size was ceded to the all-new Mercury in 1938.
Second Generation (2006)
[edit]| Second generation | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Overview | |
| Production | August 1, 2005 - 2006 |
| Model years | 2006 |
| Body and chassis | |
| Platform | Ford CD3 platform |
| Related | Ford Fusion Mercury Milan |
| Powertrain | |
| Engine | 3.0 L Duratec 30 V6 ('06) 3.5 L Duratec 35 V6 ('07-'12) 2.5 L Duratec 25 I4 (Hybrid; '11-'12) |
| Transmission | 6-speed Aisin TF-80 automatic |
| Dimensions | |
| Wheelbase | 107.4 in (2,728 mm) |
| Length | 2006–09 190.5 in (4,839 mm) 2010–12: 189.8 in (4,821 mm) |
| Width | 72.2 in (1,834 mm) |
| Height | 2006: 57.2 in (1,453 mm) 2007–09: 57.1 in (1,450 mm) 2010–12: 56.9 in (1,445 mm) 2011–12 Hybrid: 56.8 in (1,443 mm) |
| Curb weight | 2006: 3,438 lb (1,559 kg) 2007–09: 3,469 lb (1,574 kg) 2010–12: 3,598 lb (1,632 kg) 2011–12 Hybrid: 3,756 lb (1,704 kg) |
The 2006 Lincoln Zephyr was initially unveiled in concept form at the 2004 New York International Auto Show as a new entry-level luxury sedan, with several revised design elements from concept made their way into the production model. The front featured Lincoln's signature waterfall grille and jeweled quad projector beam headlights (HID headlights were available). Chrome trim extends along the Zephyr's beltline while the car's rear fascia features LED taillights and dual chrome exhaust tips. All Zephyrs featured low-profile tires on 17x7.5-inch wheels with painted aluminum versions standard and chrome versions optional.
Lincoln officially revived the Zephyr name in the fall of 2005; the vehicles were based on the CD3 platform, which was derived from the Mazda 6. Lincoln had previously used the Zephyr name in the late 1930s for the smaller Lincoln-Zephyr line of mid-size vehicles. The "Zephyr" name had also previously been used by Mercury during the late 1970s and early 1980s, for several vehicles built on the Fox Platform.
The Zephyr's sole powertrain was a 3.0 L DOHC Duratec V6 mated to an Aisin 6-speed automatic transmission; identical to the V6 powertrain that was optional in the Fusion and Milan. The interior is largely unique to the Lincoln, along with different equipment packaging. The 2006 Zephyr started at a base MSRP of $28,995 USD, ranging up to $35,340 USD when fully optioned.[23]
Though slightly smaller and front-wheel drive, the Zephyr was marketed as a replacement for Lincoln's previous entry level mid-size, the rear-wheel drive Lincoln LS. To facilitate a smooth transition, the Zephyr and LS were sold parallel to each other during the 2006 model year, the first model year of the Zephyr and the last for the LS. For 2007 the model was renamed MKZ, and took over the LS' market with sales beginning in September 2006. Lincoln's decision to resurrect the Zephyr name refers to the very early days of Lincoln before World War II. At that time, the only Lincoln manufactured was the Lincoln K-series which was a full-size sedan, and Lincoln, under the direction of Edsel Ford, Henry Ford's only son, hoped to introduce a smaller product to compete with the Packard One-Twenty, and the LaSalle, a smaller sibling offered at Cadillac dealerships.
The Zephyr featured a revised interior from the Fusion and Milan. The design featured shapes with real ebony or maple wood inserts (depending on desired trim) in metallic frames. These surfaces were contrasted with chrome-bezeled gauges, circular, chrome-finished vents and a metallic center stack where the radio and climate controls are housed. The Zephyr's steering wheel was leather-wrapped with real wood grips and satin-nickel audio, climate, and cruise control buttons. White LED backlighting was used for the Zephyr's controls and instrumentation. Leather seating surfaces were standard in all models.[24]
Some of these standard features in the Zephyr included: cruise control, automatic headlights, fog lights, power door locks, "global" power windows (all windows can lower simultaneously at the push of a button), power adjustable and heated mirrors with puddle lamps, remote keyless entry, a tilt and telescoping steering wheel with redundant audio and climate controls, dual-zone automatic climate control, a universal garage door opener, 10-way power driver and front passenger seats, rear-seat reading lamps, and a six-speaker audio system with an AM/FM stereo radio and a six-disc, MP3-compatible CD changer. Optional in the Zephyr was a power moonroof, a DVD-based satellite navigation system, HID headlights, heated and cooled front seats, and an industry-first THX II-Certified audio system with a six-disc, MP3-compatible CD changer and ten speakers. Safety features included standard dual front-side airbags, front seat-deployed side airbags, and curtain airbags that extend from the front to rear seats.[25]
Mechanically the Zephyr was closely related to the Fusion and Milan. As mentioned, all three cars were based on Ford's CD3 platform, which was in turn derived from the Mazda 6. Like these cars the Zephyr is natively front-wheel drive (FWD). The Zephyr uses a coil-over damper, short- and long-arm (SLA) front suspension with double-ball-joint control arms while the rear suspension is an independent multi-link design with lower control arms and a 17 mm (0.7 in) stabilizer bar. Spring rates, bushings, and dampers have been specially tuned for the Zephyr to provide excellent ride comfort without compromising handling. All Zephyrs feature standard four-wheel anti-lock disc brakes with traction control. The sole engine offered in the Zephyr was an all-aluminum 3.0 L DOHC Duratec V6 producing 221 hp (165 kW) at 6250 rpm and 205 lb·ft (278 N·m) of torque at 4800 rpm. This engine was mated to an Aisin 6-speed automatic transmission and had a final drive ratio of 3.46:1. This powertrain was identical to the V6 powertrain available in the Fusion and Milan from 2006–2009.[26] With this powertrain the Zephyr could accelerate from zero to 60 mph (97 km/h) in 7.5 seconds.[27] The FWD Zephyr came with a 16.5 US gal (62 L; 14 imp gal) fuel tank and is rated to deliver 17 mpg‑US (14 L/100 km; 20 mpg‑imp) in city driving and 26 mpg‑US (9.0 L/100 km; 31 mpg‑imp) on the highway based on the revised 2008 EPA fuel efficiency measurement standards.[28]
Third generation (2021)
[edit]| Lincoln Zephyr | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Overview | |
| Manufacturer | Lincoln |
| Production | 2021–present |
| Model years | 2021-present |
| Assembly | China: Chongqing (Changan Ford) |
| Designer | Daniel Prochilo[29] |
| Body and chassis | |
| Class | Executive car (E) |
| Body style | 4-door sedan |
| Layout | Transverse FF layout |
| Platform | Ford C2[30] |
| Related | Ford Evos Ford Mondeo |
| Powertrain | |
| Engine | 2.0L EcoBoost CAF488WQC turbocharged I4 |
| Power output | 181 kW (243 hp; 246 PS) |
| Transmission | 8-speed automatic |
| Dimensions | |
| Wheelbase | 2,930 mm (115 in) |
| Length | 4,982 mm (196.1 in) |
| Width | 1,865 mm (73.4 in) |
| Height | 1,485 mm (58.5 in) |
| Curb weight | 2,054 kg (4,528 lb) |
| Chronology | |
| Predecessor | Lincoln MKZ Lincoln Continental |
The Lincoln Z, previously known as the Lincoln Zephyr, is a Chinese mid-size luxury sedan produced since 2022 by Changan Ford, a joint venture between Chinese automaker Changan Automobile and American automaker Ford Motor Company, and sold by Lincoln Motor Company, a subsidiary of Ford.
Overview
[edit]
On April 21, 2021 at Auto Shanghai, Lincoln revealed the Zephyr , which previewed an upcoming China-built vehicle designed to replace both the discontinued North American Lincoln MKZ and Lincoln Continental that were previously imported to Chinese market.[31] The production Chinese Lincoln Zephyr was revealed on November 19, 2021 at Auto Guangzhou.[32][33][34]
The Lincoln Zephyr went on sale in China as the Z in March 2022. [35]
- ^ "This Is the Ford Focus Active That's Coming to the U.S." Car & Driver.
- ^ "2019 Ford Focus Active will Cost You at least ₤21,900 in UK". CarScoops.
- ^ "Ford to discontinue all cars except for Mustang and Focus hatch". Chicago Tribune.
- ^ "New Ford Focus Active 2019 Review". Auto Express UK.
- ^ "Ford Focus Active Hatchback". Car Buyer UK.
- ^ "Directory Index: Lincoln/1936_Lincoln/1936_Lincoln_Zephyr_Folder". Oldcarbrochures.com. Retrieved 2011-12-31.
- ^ a b c d e Kimes, Beverly (1996). standard catalog of American Cars 1805-1942. Krause publications. ISBN 0-87341-428-4.
- ^ Cite error: The named reference
autogenerated155was invoked but never defined (see the help page). - ^ Dammann, Wagner & Cars of Lincoln-Mercury, p. 206
- ^ Dammann, Wagner & Cars of Lincoln-Mercury, p. 216
- ^ Dammann, Wagner & Cars of Lincoln-Mercury, p. 246
- ^ "Directory Index: Lincoln/1936_Lincoln/1936_Lincoln_Zephyr_Folder". Oldcarbrochures.com. Retrieved 2011-12-31.
- ^ http://www.oldcarbrochures.com/static/NA/Lincoln/1936_Lincoln/1936_Lincoln_Zephyr_Folder/1936%20Lincoln%20Zephyr-04.html
- ^ "Directory Index: Lincoln/1940_Lincoln/1940_Lincoln_Zephyr_Brochure_1". Oldcarbrochures.com. Retrieved 2011-12-31.
- ^ Dammann, George H.; Wagner James K. (1987). The Cars of Lincoln-Mercury. Crestline Publishing Co. pp. 203–204. ISBN 0-912612-26-6.
- ^ Dammann, Wagner & Cars of Lincoln-Mercury, p. 205
- ^ Dammann, Wagner & Cars of Lincoln-Mercury, p. 199
- ^ "Directory Index: Lincoln/1941_Lincoln/1941_Lincoln_Zephyr_Brochure". Oldcarbrochures.com. Retrieved 2011-12-31.
- ^ Dammann, George H.; Wagner James K. (1987). The Cars of Lincoln-Mercury. Crestline Publishing Co. p. 199. ISBN 0-912612-26-6.
- ^ Dammann, Wagner & Cars of Lincoln-Mercury, p. 214
- ^ Dammann, Wagner & Cars of Lincoln-Mercury, pp. 223–224
- ^ Dammann, George H.; Wagner James K. (1987). The Cars of Lincoln-Mercury. Crestline Publishing Co. pp. 223–224. ISBN 0-912612-26-6.
- ^ Ford Motor Company. "2006 Zephyr Pricing." Ford Media. Jun. 16 2005. "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2009-06-01. Retrieved 2008-11-26.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link) - ^ Ford Motor Company. "2006 Zephyr Exterior/Interior." Ford Media. 2005. "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2009-06-01. Retrieved 2008-11-26.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link) - ^ Ford Motor Company. "2006 Zephyr Technical Specifications." Ford Media. 2005. "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2009-06-01. Retrieved 2008-11-26.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link) - ^ Ford Motor Company. "2006 Zephyr Powertrain." Ford Media. 2005. "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2009-06-01. Retrieved 2008-11-26.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link) - ^ Russ, Carey. "2006 Lincoln Zephyr Review." The Auto Channel. 2006. http://www.theautochannel.com/news/2006/04/09/003548.html
- ^ United States. "2006 Lincoln Zephyr." Environmental Protection Agency. 2008. http://www.fueleconomy.gov/feg/calculatorSelectEngine.jsp?year=2006&make=Lincoln&model=Zephyr
- ^ "LINCOLN ZEPHYR, NEW GENERATION LUXURY". autodesignmagazine.com. 2021-05-08. Retrieved 2022-07-28.
- ^ Kable, Greg (9 November 2021). "Ford Mondeo continues into new generation in China". Autocar. Retrieved 20 November 2021.
- ^ Caparella, Joey (19 April 2021). "Lincoln Zephyr Name Returns on a Nice-Looking Sedan for China". Car and Driver. Retrieved 9 November 2021.
- ^ Glon, Ronan (24 September 2021). "Is this the production version of the Lincoln Zephyr concept?". AutoBlog. Retrieved 9 November 2021.
- ^ de Feijter, Tycho (9 November 2021). "Lincoln Zephyr Is A New Luxury Sedan For China". Car News China. Retrieved 9 November 2021.
- ^ Bell, Sebastien (19 November 2021). "Lincoln Unveils The Attractive New 2022 Zephyr Sedan At Auto Guangzhou". Carscoops. Retrieved 19 November 2021.
- ^ de Feijter, Tycho (22 March 2022). "Lincoln Zephyr Sedan Launched On The Chinese Car Market". CarNewsChina.com. Retrieved 22 June 2022.