Type U 93 submarine
| Class overview | |
|---|---|
| Builders | Germaniawerft, Kiel and Kaiserliche Werft Danzig |
| Operators |  Imperial German Navy |
| Preceded by | Type U 87 |
| Succeeded by | Type Large MS |
| Completed | 24 |
| Lost | 6 |
| General characteristics [1] | |
| Displacement | |
| Length |
|
| Beam |
|
| Draught | 3.94 m (12 ft 11 in) |
| Propulsion |
|
| Speed |
|
| Range |
|
| Test depth | 50 m (160 ft) |
| Complement | 39 men |
| Armament |
|
Type 93 was a class of U-boats built during World War I by the Kaiserliche Marine.
Design
[edit]Type 93 U-boats carried 16 torpedoes and had various arrangements of deck guns. As with the type 81 and 87, some had only one 8.8 cm (3.5 in) SK L/30 deck gun while others had a single 10.5 cm (4.1 in) SK L/45 gun and some were initially equipped with both. In 1917 some of the boats were refitted with a single 10.5 cm gun and 220 rounds.[citation needed]
These boats carried a crew of 39 and had excellent seagoing abilities with a cruising range of around 9,000 nautical miles (17,000 km; 10,000 mi). Many arrangements from the Type 81, 87 and 93 were also seen on World War II Type IX U-boats when their design work took place 20 years later.[citation needed]
Compared to the previous type 87, the 93s were 5.75 metres (18 ft 10 in) longer, while the pressure hull was 5.98 m (19 ft 7 in) longer.[3] They were 1.2 knots (2.2 km/h; 1.4 mph) faster on the surface, and unchanged at 8.6 knots (15.9 km/h; 9.9 mph) submerged. Range decreased 2,360 nmi (4,370 km; 2,720 mi) at 8 knots (15 km/h; 9.2 mph), to 9,020 nautical miles. They still carried 16 torpedoes with four bow and two stern tubes. Crew size was increased by 3 to 39.
Compared to the following type Large MS, the 93s were 11.95 m (39 ft 2 in)shorter, and 610 tonnes (600 long tons) lighter.[4] Their range was 980 nmi shorter, and speed was .2 knots (0.37 km/h; 0.23 mph) slower on the surface but .5 knots (0.93 km/h; 0.58 mph) faster submerged. The Large MS was intended for the deepest waters and the increased size made it more comfortable and very seaworthy.
Service history
[edit]Type 93 boats were responsible for sinking 3.201% of all allied shipping sunk during the war, taking a total of 412,419 combined tons. They also damaged 71,202 combined tons.[citation needed]
| Boat | Sunk | Damaged | Total |
|---|---|---|---|
| U-93 | 87,872 | 12,628 | 100,500 |
| U-94 | 61,881 | 19,326 | 81,207 |
| U-95 | 38,014 | 5,862 | 43,876 |
| U-96 | 95,253 | 16,220 | 111,473 |
| U-97 | 2,089 | 4,785 | 6,874 |
| U-98 | 1,750 | 5,430 | 7,180 |
| U-105 | 55,834 | 0 | 55,834 |
| U-106 | 957 | 5,867 | 6,824 |
| U-107 | 24,663 | 1,084 | 25,747 |
| U-108 | 7,484 | 0 | 7,484 |
| U-109 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| U-110 | 26,963 | 0 | 26,963 |
| U-111 | 3,011 | 0 | 3,011 |
| U-112 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| U-113 | 6,648 | 0 | 6,648 |
| U-114 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| U-160 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| U-161 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| U-162 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| U-163 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| U-164 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| U-165 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| U-166 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| U-167 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Total | 412,419 | 71,202 | 483,621 |
List of Type 93 submarines
[edit]There were 24 Type 93 submarines commissioned into the Kaiserliche Marine.[citation needed]
By the end of World War I, 375 U-boats of 33 separate classes belonging to 7 general types had been commissioned. More boats were finished after the war and either destroyed or awarded to victorious nations.[citation needed]
References
[edit]- ^ Gröner 1991, pp. 12–14.
- ^ Helgason, Guðmundur. "WWI U-boat Types: Type U 93". German and Austrian U-boats of World War I - Kaiserliche Marine - Uboat.net.
- ^ Helgason, Guðmundur. "WWI U-boat Types: Type 87". German and Austrian U-boats of World War I - Kaiserliche Marine - Uboat.net.
- ^ Helgason, Guðmundur. "WWI U-boat Types: Type Large MS". German and Austrian U-boats of World War I - Kaiserliche Marine - Uboat.net.
Bibliography
[edit]- Gröner, Erich; Jung, Dieter; Maass, Martin (1991). German Warships 1815–1945, U-boats and Mine Warfare Vessels. Vol. 2. Translated by Thomas, Keith; Magowan, Rachel. London: Conway Maritime Press. ISBN 0-85177-593-4.
Further reading
[edit]- Rössler, Eberhard (2001). The U-boat: The evolution and technical history of German submarines. London: Cassell & Co. ISBN 0-304-36120-8.
External links
[edit]
- Helgason, Guðmundur. "WWI U-boat Types: Type U 93". German and Austrian U-boats of World War I - Kaiserliche Marine - Uboat.net.
- "1918:Inside a German U-boat - A sunken sub, raised from the depths". Mashable - Retronaut Old Photographs. 18 September 2015.