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Bambusa

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Bambusa
Bambusa oldhamii
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Monocots
Clade: Commelinids
Order: Poales
Family: Poaceae
Subfamily: Bambusoideae
Tribe: Bambuseae
Subtribe: Bambusinae
Genus: Bambusa
Schreb.
Type species
Bambusa bambos
Synonyms[2]
  • Arundarbor Kuntze
  • Bambos Retz.
  • Bambus J. F. Gmel.
  • Dendrocalamopsis (L.C.Chia & H.L.Fung) Q.H.Dai & X.L.Tao
  • Dendrocalamopsis Q.H.Dai & X.L.Tao
  • Ischurochloa Büse
  • Leleba Nakai
  • Lingnania McClure
  • Tetragonocalamus Nakai
  • Neosinocalamus Keng f.
  • Pseudobambusa T.Q.Nguyen

Bambusa is a large genus of clumping bamboos.[3] Most species of Bambusa are rather large, with numerous branches emerging from the nodes, and one or two much larger than the rest. The branches can be as long as 11 m (35 ft).

They are native to Southeast Asia, South Asia, China, Taiwan, the Himalayas, New Guinea, Melanesia, and the Northern Territory of Australia. They are also reportedly naturalized in other regions, e.g. Africa, Americas, and various oceanic islands.[2][4][5][6]

Species

[edit]

Plants of the World Online includes:[2]

  1. Bambusa affinis Munro – Laos, Myanmar
  2. Bambusa albolineata L.C.Chia – Fujian, Guangdong, Jiangxi, Zhejiang
  3. Bambusa alemtemshii H.B.Naithani – Nagaland
  4. Bambusa amplexicaulis W.T.Lin & Z.M.Wu – Guangdong
  5. Bambusa angustiaurita W.T.Lin – Guangdong
  6. Bambusa angustissima L.C.Chia & H.L.Fung – Guangdong
  7. Bambusa arnhemica F.Muell. – Northern Territory of Australia
  8. Bambusa assamica Barooah & Borthakur – Assam
  9. Bambusa aurinuda McClure – Guangxi, Vietnam
  10. Bambusa australis L.C.Chia & H.L.Fung – Vietnam
  11. Bambusa balcooa Roxb. – India, Nepal, Assam, Bangladesh, Indo-China; naturalized in South Africa and the islands of the Gulf of Guinea
  12. Bambusa bambos (L.) Voss – India, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka, Assam, Indochina; naturalized in Seychelles, Central America, West Indies, Java, Malaysia, Maluku, Philippines
  13. Bambusa barpatharica Borthakur & Barooah – Arunachal Pradesh, Assam
  14. Bambusa basihirsuta McClure – Guangdong, Zhejiang
  15. Bambusa basihirsutoides N.H.Xia – Guangdong
  16. Bambusa basisolida W.T.Lin – Guangdong
  17. Bambusa beecheyana Munro – Taiwan, Myanmar, Vietnam, Guangdong, Guangxi, Hainan; naturalized in Colombia, Brazil
  18. Bambusa bicicatricata (W.T.Lin) L.C.Chia & H.L.Fung – Hainan
  19. Bambusa binghamii Gamble – Myanmar
  20. Bambusa boniopsis McClure – Hainan
  21. Bambusa brevispicula Holttum – New Guinea
  22. Bambusa brunneoaciculia G.A.Fu – Hainan
  23. Bambusa burmanica Gamble – Bangladesh, Yunnan, Myanmar, Thailand, Laos, Peninsular Malaysia
  24. Bambusa cacharensis R.B.Majumdar – Bangladesh, Assam
  25. Bambusa cerosissima McClure – Guangdong. Guangxi, Vietnam
  26. Bambusa chungii McClure – Vietnam, Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Hunan, Yunnan
  27. Bambusa chunii L.C.Chia & H.L.Fung – Laos; cultivated in Hong Kong
  28. Bambusa clavata Stapleton – Bhutan
  29. Bambusa comillensis Alam – india
  30. Bambusa concava W.T.Lin – Hainan
  31. Bambusa contracta L.C.Chia & H.L.Fung – Guangdong, Guangxi
  32. Bambusa copelandii Gamble – Myanmar
  33. Bambusa corniculata L.C.Chia & H.L.Fung – Guangxi
  34. Bambusa cornigera McClure – Guangxi
  35. Bambusa crispiaurita W.T.Lin & Z.M.Wu – Guangdong
  36. Bambusa dahuazhu T.P.Yi & B.X.Li
  37. Bambusa dampaeana H.B.Naithani, Garbyal & N.S.Bisht – Mizoram
  38. Bambusa daporijoeana H.B.Naithani & Kandwal
  39. Bambusa deformis T.P.Yi & Lin Yang
  40. Bambusa diaoluoshanensis L.C.Chia & H.L.Fung – Hainan
  41. Bambusa dissimulator McClure – Guangdong, Vietnam; naturalized in Brazil, Puerto Rico
  42. Bambusa distegia (Keng & Keng f.) L.C.Chia & H.L.Fung – Sichuan
  43. Bambusa dolichoclada Hayata – Fujian, Taiwan; naturalized in Ryukyu Islands
  44. Bambusa duriuscula W.T.Lin – Hainan
  45. Bambusa emeiensis L.C.Chia & H.L.Fung – Guizhou, Hunan, Sichuan, Yunnan
  46. Bambusa eutuldoides McClure – Guangdong, Guangxi; naturalized in Colombia
  47. Bambusa excurrensa G.A.Fu
  48. Bambusa farinacea K.M.Wong – Thailand, Peninsular Malaysia
  49. Bambusa fimbriligulata McClure – Myanmar
  50. Bambusa flexuosa Munro – Cambodia, Laos, Vietnam, Guangdong, Hainan
  51. Bambusa fruticosa Holttum – Papua New Guinea
  52. Bambusa funghomii McClure – Henan, Guangdong, Guangxi
  53. Bambusa garuchokua Barooah & Borthakur – Assam
  54. Bambusa gibba McClure – Vietnam, Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Hainan, Jiangxi; naturalized in Ecuador
  55. Bambusa gibboides W.T.Lin – Guangdong
  56. Bambusa glabrovagina G.A.Fu – Hainan
  57. Bambusa glaucophylla Widjaja – Java
  58. Bambusa grandis (Q.H.Dai & X.L.Tao) Ohrnb. – Guangxi
  59. Bambusa griffithiana Munro – Manipur, Myanmar
  60. Bambusa guangxiensis L.C.Chia & H.L.Fung – Guangxi
  61. Bambusa gurgandii K.M.Wong & Diep
  62. Bambusa hainanensis L.C.Chia & H.L.Fung – Hainan
  63. Bambusa heterostachya (Munro) Holttum – Peninsular Malaysia
  64. Bambusa horsfieldii Munro – Java, Philippines
  65. Bambusa indigena L.C.Chia & H.L.Fung – Guangdong
  66. Bambusa insularis L.C.Chia & H.L.Fung – Hainan
  67. Bambusa intermedia Hsueh f. & T.P.Yi – Guizhou, Sichuan, Yunnan
  68. Bambusa jacobsii Widjaja – Java
  69. Bambusa jaintiana R.B.Majumdar – Nepal, Bhutan, Assam, Arunachal Pradesh, Myanmar
  70. Bambusa khasiana Munro – Assam
  71. Bambusa kingiana Gamble – Myanmar
  72. Bambusa kyathaungtu E.G.Camus
  73. Bambusa lako Widjaja – Timor
  74. Bambusa lapidea McClure – Guangdong, Guangxi, Sichuan, Yunnan
  75. Bambusa latideltata W.T.Lin – Guangdong
  76. Bambusa laxa K.M.Wong – Peninsular Malaysia
  77. Bambusa lenta L.C.Chia – Fujian
  78. Bambusa lituiformis W.Arthan, Teerawat. & Sungkaew
  79. Bambusa longipalea W.T.Lin – Guangdong
  80. Bambusa longispiculata Gamble – Bangladesh, Myanmar; naturalized in Vietnam, Costa Rica, Honduras, Nicaragua, Colombia, Ecuador, Puerto Rico
  81. †Bambusa lugdunensis Saporta – Neogene deposits of Europe
  82. Bambusa macrolemma Holttum – New Britain
  83. Bambusa macrotis L.C.Chia & H.L.Fung – Guangdong
  84. Bambusa maculata Widjaja – Maluku
  85. Bambusa majumdarii P.Kumari & P.Singh – Meghalaya
  86. Bambusa malingensis McClure – Hainan; naturalized in Cuba
  87. Bambusa manipureana H.B.Naithani & N.S.Bisht – Manipur
  88. Bambusa marginata Munro – Myanmar
  89. Bambusa merrillii Gamble – Luzon
  90. Bambusa microcephala (Pilg.) Holttum – New Guinea
  91. Bambusa mizorameana H.B.Naithani – Mizoram
  92. Bambusa mohanramii P.Kumari & P.Singh – Meghalaya
  93. Bambusa mollis L.C.Chia & H.L.Fung – Guangxi
  94. Bambusa multiplex (Lour.) Raeusch. ex Schult.f. – Nepal, Bhutan, Assam, Laos, Myanmar, Vietnam, Guangdong, Guangxi, Hainan, Hunan, Jiangxi, Sichuan, Taiwan, Yunnan; naturalized in Madagascar, Mauritius, Seychelles, Iraq, Bismarck Archipelago, New Zealand, Chiapas, Central America, West Indies, Colombia, Ecuador, eastern Brazil, Florida, Georgia, Alabama
  95. Bambusa mutabilis McClure – Hainan; naturalized in Puerto Rico
  96. Bambusa nagalandiana H.B.Naithani – Nagaland
  97. Bambusa nairiana P.Kumari & P.Singh – Meghalaya
  98. Bambusa nepalensis Stapleton – Nepal
  99. Bambusa nghiana V.T.Tran - Vietnam, Thailand
  100. Bambusa nutans Wall. ex Munro – Himalayas of eastern + northern India; Nepal, Bhutan, Bangladesh, Laos, Thailand, Vietnam
  101. Bambusa odashimae Hatus. ex D.Z.Li & Stapleton – Taiwan; naturalized in Ryukyu Islands
  102. Bambusa oldhamii Munro – Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Hainan, Taiwan, Zhejiang; naturalized in Taiwan, Ryukyu Islands, New Zealand, Chiapas, Honduras, Puerto Rico, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru
  103. Bambusa oliveriana Gamble – Myanmar
  104. Bambusa ooh Widjaja & Astuti – Bali
  105. Bambusa pachinensis Hayata – Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Jiangxi, Taiwan, Zhejiang
  106. Bambusa pallida Munro – Sikkim, Yunnan, Assam, Bangladesh, Arunachal Pradesh, Indochina
  107. Bambusa papillata (Q.H.Dai) K.M.Lan – Guangxi
  108. Bambusa papillatoides Q.H.Dai & D.Y.Huang – Guangxi
  109. Bambusa pervariabilis McClure – Guangdong, Guangxi; naturalized in Puerto Rico
  110. Bambusa pierreana E.G.Camus – Thailand, Vietnam
  111. Bambusa piscatorum McClure – Hainan
  112. Bambusa polymorpha Munro – Bangladesh, Laos, Myanmar, Thailand; naturalized in Assam, Sri Lanka, Java, Cuba, Puerto Rico, Ecuador
  113. Bambusa procera A.Chev. & A.Camus – Vietnam, Cambodia
  114. Bambusa prominens H.L.Fung & C.Y.Sia – Sichuan
  115. Bambusa purpurovagian G.A.Fu
  116. Bambusa ramispinosa L.C.Chia & H.L.Fung – Guangxi
  117. Bambusa rangaensis Borthakur & Barooah – Arunachal Pradesh, Assam
  118. Bambusa rectocuneata (W.T.Lin) N.H.Xia, R.S.Lin & R.H.Wang – Guangdong
  119. Bambusa remotiflora (Kuntze) L.C.Chia & H.L.Fung – Guangdong, Guangxi, Vietnam
  120. Bambusa riauensis Widjaja – Sumatra
  121. Bambusa rigida Keng & Keng f. – Sichuan
  122. Bambusa riparia Holttum – Papua New Guinea
  123. Bambusa rongchengensis (T.P.Yi & C.Y.Sia) D.Z.Li – Sichuan
  124. Bambusa rugata (W.T.Lin) Ohrnb. – Guangdong
  125. Bambusa rutila McClure – Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Sichuan
  126. Bambusa salarkhanii Alam – Nepal, Bangladesh
  127. Bambusa semitecta W.T.Lin & Z.M.Wu – Guangdong
  128. Bambusa sesquiflora (McClure) L.C.Chia & H.L.Fung – Thailand, Vietnam
  129. Bambusa sinospinosa McClure – Guangdong, Guangxi, Hainan
  130. Bambusa solida Munro ex Becc. – Borneo
  131. Bambusa solomonensis Holttum – Solomon Islands
  132. Bambusa spinosa Roxb. – Indonesia, Philippines; naturalized in southern China, Ryukyu Islands, Indochina, Malaysia, Puerto Rico (synonym B. blumeana Schult. & Schult.)
  133. Bambusa stenoaurita (W.T.Lin) T.H.Wen – Guangdong
  134. Bambusa subaequalis H.L.Fung & C.Y.Sia – Sichuan
  135. Bambusa subtruncata L.C.Chia & H.L.Fung – Guangdong
  136. Bambusa surrecta (Q.H.Dai) Q.H.Dai – Guangxi
  137. Bambusa tabacaria (Lour.) Steud. – Vietnam, Java, Maluku
  138. Bambusa teres Munro – Tibet, Guangdong, Guangxi, Nepal, Bangladesh, Bhutan, Assam, Myanmar
  139. Bambusa textilis McClure – Anhui, Guangdong, Guangxi, Vietnam; naturalized in Colombia, Puerto Rico
  140. Bambusa transvenula (W.T.Lin & Z.J.Feng) N.H.Xia – Guangdong
  141. Bambusa truncata B.M.Yang – Hunan
  142. Bambusa tsangii McClure – Vietnam
  143. Bambusa tulda Roxb – Tibet, Yunnan, Himalayas, Nepal, Bhutan, Assam, India, Bangladesh, northern Indochina; naturalized in Iraq, Ecuador, Brazil, Colombia, Puerto Rico
  144. Bambusa tuldoides Munro – Guangdong, Guangxi, Indochina; naturalized in Ryukyu Islands, Bangladesh, Chiapas, El Salvador, Cuba, Puerto Rico, Hispaniola, Trinidad, Ecuador, Brazil, Colombia
  145. Bambusa utilis W.C.Lin – Taiwan
  146. Bambusa valida (Q.H.Dai) W.T.Lin – Guangxi
  147. Bambusa variostriata (W.T.Lin) L.C.Chia & H.L.Fung – Guangdong
  148. Bambusa ventricosa McClure – Guangdong, Vietnam; naturalized in Brazil, Malaysia
  149. Bambusa villosula Kurz – Myanmar
  150. Bambusa vinhphuensis T.Q.Nguyen – Vietnam
  151. Bambusa viridis Widjaja – western New Guinea
  152. Bambusa vulgaris Schrad. – Yunnan, Indochina; naturalized in parts of Africa, Madagascar, Malaysia, Indonesia, New Guinea, Indian Subcontinent, Latin America, West Indies, United States (Hawaii, Puerto Rico, Florida, Arizona, South Carolina, Maryland, New Jersey)
  153. Bambusa wenchouensis (T.H.Wen) Keng f. ex Q.F.Zheng, Y.M.Lin – Fujian, Zhejiang
  154. Bambusa xiashanensis L.C.Chia & H.L.Fung – Guangdong
  155. Bambusa xueana Ohrnb. – Yunnan
  156. Bambusa xueliniana R.S.Lin & C.H.Zheng

Note: now placed in Pseudobambusa:

  • B. schizostachyoides Kurz ex Gamble – Myanmar, Vietnam, Andaman Islands

Fossil record

[edit]

Fossil leaves of †Bambusa ilinskiae are described from the Miocene deposits of the Carpathians. The fossil leaves of †Bambusa lugdunensis are known mainly from the Miocene of the Massif du Coiron in Ardèche, France, Miocene of Bełchatów in Poland, Middle Miocene of Austria, the Neogene of the Transcarpathians and the Pliocene of southern France.[7] Findings of fossil Bambusa leaf impressions of Messinian age (ca. 5.7 Ma) from Monte Tondo in the Romagna Apennines in northern Italy, are similar to fossil †Bambusa lugdunensis leaves.[8]

See also

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References

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  1. ^ "Genus: Bambusa Schreb". Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN). Retrieved 24 January 2012.
  2. ^ a b c Plants of the World Online (retrieved 15 March 2024)
  3. ^ "Bambusa". The Plant List, RBG Kew. Retrieved 24 January 2012.
  4. ^ Flora of China Vol. 22 Page 8, 9, 簕竹属 le zhu shu, Bambusa Schreber, Gen. Pl. 236. 1789.
  5. ^ Clayton, W. D. & S. A. Renvoize. 1986. Genera graminum. Grasses of the world. Kew Bulletin : Additional Series 13: 1–389.
  6. ^ G.P. Chapman. 1997. Bamboos. Academic Press, New York.
  7. ^ Acta Palaeobotanica – Supplementum No. 3 – New Fossil Floras from Neogene Deposits in the Bełchatów Lignite Mine by Grzegor Worobiec – Polish Academy of Sciences, W. Szafer Institute of Botany, Krakow 2003
  8. ^ Palaeoenvironmental analysis of the Messinian macrofossil floras of Tossignano and Monte Tondo (Vena del Gesso Basin, Romagna Apennines, northern Italy) – Vasilis Teodoridis, Zlatko Kvacek, Marco Sami and Edoardo Martinetto – December 2015 doi:10.14446/AMNP.2015.249.
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