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Solar eclipse of May 10, 2013

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Solar eclipse of May 10, 2013
Annularity viewed from Churchills Head, Australia.
Map
Type of eclipse
NatureAnnular
Gamma−0.2694
Magnitude0.9544
Maximum eclipse
Duration363 s (6 min 3 s)
Coordinates2°12′N 175°30′E / 2.2°N 175.5°E / 2.2; 175.5
Max. width of band173 km (107 mi)
Times (UTC)
(P1) Partial begin21:25:10
(U1) Total begin22:30:34
Greatest eclipse0:26:20
(U4) Total end2:19:58
(P4) Partial end3:25:23
References
Saros138 (31 of 70)
Catalog # (SE5000)9537

An annular solar eclipse occurred at the Moon's descending node of orbit between Thursday, May 9 and Friday, May 10, 2013,[1][2][3] with a magnitude of 0.9544. A solar eclipse occurs when the Moon passes between Earth and the Sun, thereby totally or partly obscuring the image of the Sun for a viewer on Earth. An annular solar eclipse occurs when the Moon's apparent diameter is smaller than the Sun's, blocking most of the Sun's light and causing the Sun to look like an annulus (ring). An annular eclipse appears as a partial eclipse over a region of the Earth thousands of kilometres wide. Occurring about 3.6 days before apogee (on May 13, 2013, at 14:30 UTC), the Moon's apparent diameter was smaller.[4]

Annularity was visible from parts of Western Australia, Northern Territory and Queensland, Australia, the Louisiade Archipelago (belonging to Papua New Guinea), the Solomon Islands, and Kiribati. A partial eclipse was visible for parts of Indonesia, Australia, New Zealand, Oceania, and Hawaii.

Visibility

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Animation of eclipse path

Annularity was visible from a 171 to 225 kilometre-wide track that traversed Australia, eastern Papua New Guinea, the Solomon Islands, and the Gilbert Islands, with the maximum of 6 minutes 3 seconds visible from the Pacific Ocean east of French Polynesia.

Images

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Eclipse details

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Shown below are two tables displaying details about this particular solar eclipse. The first table outlines times at which the moon's penumbra or umbra attains the specific parameter, and the second table describes various other parameters pertaining to this eclipse.[5]

May 10, 2013 Solar Eclipse Times
Event Time (UTC)
First Penumbral External Contact 2013 May 09 at 21:26:16.9 UTC
First Umbral External Contact 2013 May 09 at 22:31:41.4 UTC
First Central Line 2013 May 09 at 22:33:47.5 UTC
First Umbral Internal Contact 2013 May 09 at 22:35:53.8 UTC
First Penumbral Internal Contact 2013 May 09 at 23:46:27.1 UTC
Equatorial Conjunction 2013 May 10 at 00:20:48.1 UTC
Greatest Eclipse 2013 May 10 at 00:26:20.3 UTC
Ecliptic Conjunction 2013 May 10 at 00:29:30.5 UTC
Greatest Duration 2013 May 10 at 00:36:27.6 UTC
Last Penumbral Internal Contact 2013 May 10 at 01:06:21.8 UTC
Last Umbral Internal Contact 2013 May 10 at 02:16:49.4 UTC
Last Central Line 2013 May 10 at 02:18:57.6 UTC
Last Umbral External Contact 2013 May 10 at 02:21:05.6 UTC
Last Penumbral External Contact 2013 May 10 at 03:26:30.5 UTC
May 10, 2013 Solar Eclipse Parameters
Parameter Value
Eclipse Magnitude 0.95443
Eclipse Obscuration 0.91093
Gamma −0.26937
Sun Right Ascension 03h08m17.4s
Sun Declination +17°36'34.3"
Sun Semi-Diameter 15'50.4"
Sun Equatorial Horizontal Parallax 08.7"
Moon Right Ascension 03h08m28.1s
Moon Declination +17°22'06.3"
Moon Semi-Diameter 14'53.8"
Moon Equatorial Horizontal Parallax 0°54'40.4"
ΔT 67.0 s

Eclipse season

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This eclipse is part of an eclipse season, a period, roughly every six months, when eclipses occur. Only two (or occasionally three) eclipse seasons occur each year, and each season lasts about 35 days and repeats just short of six months (173 days) later; thus two full eclipse seasons always occur each year. Either two or three eclipses happen each eclipse season. In the sequence below, each eclipse is separated by a fortnight. The first and last eclipse in this sequence is separated by one synodic month.

Eclipse season of April–May 2013
April 25
Ascending node (full moon)
May 10
Descending node (new moon)
May 25
Ascending node (full moon)
Partial lunar eclipse
Lunar Saros 112
Annular solar eclipse
Solar Saros 138
Penumbral lunar eclipse
Lunar Saros 150
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Eclipses in 2013

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Metonic

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Tzolkinex

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Half-Saros

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Tritos

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Solar Saros 138

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Inex

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Triad

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Solar eclipses of 2011–2014

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This eclipse is a member of a semester series. An eclipse in a semester series of solar eclipses repeats approximately every 177 days and 4 hours (a semester) at alternating nodes of the Moon's orbit.[6]

The partial solar eclipses on January 4, 2011 and July 1, 2011 occur in the previous lunar year eclipse set.

Solar eclipse series sets from 2011 to 2014
Descending node   Ascending node
Saros Map Gamma Saros Map Gamma
118

Partial in Tromsø, Norway
June 1, 2011

Partial
1.21300 123

Hinode XRT footage
November 25, 2011

Partial
−1.05359
128

Annularity in Red Bluff, CA, USA
May 20, 2012

Annular
0.48279 133

Totality in Mount Carbine, Queensland, Australia
November 13, 2012

Total
−0.37189
138

Annularity in Churchills Head, Australia
May 10, 2013

Annular
−0.26937 143

Partial in Libreville, Gabon
November 3, 2013

Hybrid
0.32715
148

Partial in Adelaide, Australia
April 29, 2014

Annular (non-central)
−0.99996 153

Partial in Minneapolis, MN, USA
October 23, 2014

Partial
1.09078

Saros 138

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This eclipse is a part of Saros series 138, repeating every 18 years, 11 days, and containing 70 events. The series started with a partial solar eclipse on June 6, 1472. It contains annular eclipses from August 31, 1598 through February 18, 2482; a hybrid eclipse on March 1, 2500; and total eclipses from March 12, 2518 through April 3, 2554. The series ends at member 70 as a partial eclipse on July 11, 2716. Its eclipses are tabulated in three columns; every third eclipse in the same column is one exeligmos apart, so they all cast shadows over approximately the same parts of the Earth.

The longest duration of annularity was produced by member 23 at 8 minutes, 2 seconds on February 11, 1869, and the longest duration of totality will be produced by member 61 at 56 seconds on April 3, 2554. All eclipses in this series occur at the Moon’s descending node of orbit.[7]

Series members 20–41 occur between 1801 and 2200:
20 21 22

January 10, 1815

January 20, 1833

February 1, 1851
23 24 25

February 11, 1869

February 22, 1887

March 6, 1905
26 27 28

March 17, 1923

March 27, 1941

April 8, 1959
29 30 31

April 18, 1977

April 29, 1995

May 10, 2013
32 33 34

May 21, 2031

May 31, 2049

June 11, 2067
35 36 37

June 22, 2085

July 4, 2103

July 14, 2121
38 39 40

July 25, 2139

August 5, 2157

August 16, 2175
41

August 26, 2193

Metonic series

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The metonic series repeats eclipses every 19 years (6939.69 days), lasting about 5 cycles. Eclipses occur in nearly the same calendar date. In addition, the octon subseries repeats 1/5 of that or every 3.8 years (1387.94 days). All eclipses in this table occur at the Moon's descending node.

21 eclipse events between July 22, 1971 and July 22, 2047
July 22 May 9–11 February 26–27 December 14–15 October 2–3
116 118 120 122 124

July 22, 1971

May 11, 1975

February 26, 1979

December 15, 1982

October 3, 1986
126 128 130 132 134

July 22, 1990

May 10, 1994

February 26, 1998

December 14, 2001

October 3, 2005
136 138 140 142 144

July 22, 2009

May 10, 2013

February 26, 2017

December 14, 2020

October 2, 2024
146 148 150 152 154

July 22, 2028

May 9, 2032

February 27, 2036

December 15, 2039

October 3, 2043
156

July 22, 2047

Tritos series

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This eclipse is a part of a tritos cycle, repeating at alternating nodes every 135 synodic months (≈ 3986.63 days, or 11 years minus 1 month). Their appearance and longitude are irregular due to a lack of synchronization with the anomalistic month (period of perigee), but groupings of 3 tritos cycles (≈ 33 years minus 3 months) come close (≈ 434.044 anomalistic months), so eclipses are similar in these groupings.

Series members between 1801 and 2200

December 21, 1805
(Saros 119)

November 19, 1816
(Saros 120)

October 20, 1827
(Saros 121)

September 18, 1838
(Saros 122)

August 18, 1849
(Saros 123)

July 18, 1860
(Saros 124)

June 18, 1871
(Saros 125)

May 17, 1882
(Saros 126)

April 16, 1893
(Saros 127)

March 17, 1904
(Saros 128)

February 14, 1915
(Saros 129)

January 14, 1926
(Saros 130)

December 13, 1936
(Saros 131)

November 12, 1947
(Saros 132)

October 12, 1958
(Saros 133)

September 11, 1969
(Saros 134)

August 10, 1980
(Saros 135)

July 11, 1991
(Saros 136)

June 10, 2002
(Saros 137)

May 10, 2013
(Saros 138)

April 8, 2024
(Saros 139)

March 9, 2035
(Saros 140)

February 5, 2046
(Saros 141)

January 5, 2057
(Saros 142)

December 6, 2067
(Saros 143)

November 4, 2078
(Saros 144)

October 4, 2089
(Saros 145)

September 4, 2100
(Saros 146)

August 4, 2111
(Saros 147)

July 4, 2122
(Saros 148)

June 3, 2133
(Saros 149)

May 3, 2144
(Saros 150)

April 2, 2155
(Saros 151)

March 2, 2166
(Saros 152)

January 29, 2177
(Saros 153)

December 29, 2187
(Saros 154)

November 28, 2198
(Saros 155)

Inex series

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This eclipse is a part of the long period inex cycle, repeating at alternating nodes, every 358 synodic months (≈ 10,571.95 days, or 29 years minus 20 days). Their appearance and longitude are irregular due to a lack of synchronization with the anomalistic month (period of perigee). However, groupings of 3 inex cycles (≈ 87 years minus 2 months) comes close (≈ 1,151.02 anomalistic months), so eclipses are similar in these groupings.

Series members between 1801 and 2200

September 28, 1810
(Saros 131)

September 7, 1839
(Saros 132)

August 18, 1868
(Saros 133)

July 29, 1897
(Saros 134)

July 9, 1926
(Saros 135)

June 20, 1955
(Saros 136)

May 30, 1984
(Saros 137)

May 10, 2013
(Saros 138)

April 20, 2042
(Saros 139)

March 31, 2071
(Saros 140)

March 10, 2100
(Saros 141)

February 18, 2129
(Saros 142)

January 30, 2158
(Saros 143)

January 9, 2187
(Saros 144)

References

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  1. ^ "May 9–10, 2013 Annular Solar Eclipse". timeanddate. Retrieved 12 August 2024.
  2. ^ "Aussies see 'ring of fire' eclipse". Pacific Daily News. 2013-05-11. p. A10. Retrieved 2023-10-26 – via Newspapers.com.
  3. ^ ""Ring of fire' eclipse crosses Australia, Pacific". The Galion Inquirer. 2013-05-11. p. 3. Retrieved 2023-10-26 – via Newspapers.com.
  4. ^ "Moon Distances for London, United Kingdom, England". timeanddate. Retrieved 12 August 2024.
  5. ^ "Annular Solar Eclipse of 2013 May 10". EclipseWise.com. Retrieved 12 August 2024.
  6. ^ van Gent, R.H. "Solar- and Lunar-Eclipse Predictions from Antiquity to the Present". A Catalogue of Eclipse Cycles. Utrecht University. Retrieved 6 October 2018.
  7. ^ "NASA - Catalog of Solar Eclipses of Saros 138". eclipse.gsfc.nasa.gov.