Portal:Jordan

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The Jordan Portal

Jordan, officially the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan, is a country in the Southern Levant region of West Asia. Jordan is bordered by Syria to the north, Iraq to the east, Saudi Arabia to the south, and Israel and the occupied Palestinian territories to the west. The Jordan River, flowing into the Dead Sea, is located along the country's western border. Jordan has a small coastline along the Red Sea in its southwest, separated by the Gulf of Aqaba from Egypt. Amman is the country's capital and largest city, as well as the most populous city in the Levant.

Modern-day Jordan has been inhabited by humans since the Paleolithic period. Three kingdoms developed in Transjordan during the Iron Age: Ammon, Moab and Edom, which were conquered by the Assyrian and later Babylonian empires. In the third century BC, the Arab Nabataeans established their kingdom centered in Petra. The Greco-Roman period saw the establishment of several cities in Transjordan that comprised the Decapolis. Later, the Islamic era began after end of Byzantine rule that set off Islamic empires of the Rashidun, Umayyad, Abbasid, and the Ottoman. Following the 1916 Great Arab Revolt during World War I, former Ottoman Syria was partitioned, leading to the establishment of the Emirate of Transjordan in 1921, which became a British protectorate. In 1946, the country gained independence and became officially known as the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan. The country captured and annexed the West Bank during the 1948 Arab–Israeli War until it was occupied by Israel in 1967. Jordan renounced its claim to the territory to the Palestinians in 1988 and signed a peace treaty with Israel in 1994.

Jordan is a semi-arid country, covering an area of 89,342 km² (34,495 sq mi) with a population of 11.5 million, making it the eleventh-most populous Arab country. The dominant majority, or around 95% of the country's population, is Sunni Muslim, with the rest being mostly Arab Christian. Jordan was mostly unscathed by the violence that swept the region following the Arab Spring in 2010. From as early as 1948, Jordan has accepted refugees from multiple neighbouring countries in conflict. An estimated 2.1 million Palestinian refugees, most of whom hold Jordanian citizenship, as well as 1.4 million Syrian refugees, were residing in Jordan as of 2015. The kingdom is also a refuge for thousands of Christian Iraqis fleeing persecution. While Jordan continues to accept refugees, the large Syrian influx during the 2010s has placed substantial strain on national resources and infrastructure.

The sovereign state is a constitutional monarchy, but the king holds wide executive and legislative powers. Jordan is a founding member of the Arab League and the Organisation of Islamic Cooperation. The country has a high Human Development Index, ranking 99th, and is considered a lower middle income economy. The Jordanian economy, one of the smallest economies in the region, is attractive to foreign investors based upon a skilled workforce. The country is a major tourist destination, also attracting medical tourism with its well-developed health sector. Nonetheless, a lack of natural resources, large flow of refugees, and regional turmoil have hampered economic growth. (Full article...)

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Sami Mahmud Mohammed al-Oraydi or Abu Mahmoud al-Shami (also: al-Uraydi; Arabic: سامي محمود محمد العُرَيدي, romanized: Sāmī Maḩmūd Muḥammad al-ʿUraydī; born 1973) is a senior sharia official for the al-Qaeda affiliated Hurras al-Din who was the chief religious authority for al-Nusra Front and the group's former second-in-command. (Full article...)

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Princess Haya in 2017

Princess Haya bint Al Hussein (Arabic: الأميرة هيا بنت الحسين; born 3 May 1974) is the daughter of King Hussein of Jordan and his third wife, the Palestinian Queen Alia. She is the half-sister of King Abdullah II.

Haya is a graduate of the University of Oxford in England and an accomplished equestrian. She represented Jordan at the 2000 Summer Olympics in Sydney and is the two-term President of the International Federation for Equestrian Sports (FEI). (Full article...)

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Abdullah II of Jordan Abdullah Tal Hussein of Jordan Abdullah I of Jordan Druze in Jordan Hashemites Ali Abu Nuwar Hussein, Crown Prince of Jordan Marouf al-Bakhit

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For editor resources and to collaborate with other editors on improving Wikipedia's Jordan-related articles, see WikiProject Jordan.

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The following are images from various Jordan-related articles on Wikipedia.

Image 1Statue of an Ammonite deified king on display at the Jordan Museum. The statue was found near the Amman Citadel and is thought to date to 8th century BC. (from History of Jordan)
Image 2Ibn Hathal, the Paramount Sheikh of the Anazzah (from History of Jordan)
Image 3The critically endangered sociable lapwing (from Wildlife of Jordan)
Image 4Petra, the capital of the Nabatean kingdom, is where the Nabatean alphabet was developed, from which the current Arabic alphabet further evolved. (from History of Jordan)
Image 5Desert vegetation in Wadi Rum, southern Jordan. (from Wildlife of Jordan)
Image 6The Dana Biosphere Reserve in south central Jordan. (from Wildlife of Jordan)
Image 7The Al-Jizah reservoir, dating back to the Pax Romana, and the Mamluk building which was refitted by the Ottoman for Sattam to govern from. (from History of Jordan)
Image 8Image showing the approximate land exchanged in 1965 between Jordan (gaining green) and Saudi Arabia (gaining red). (from History of Jordan)
Image 9Ajloun Castle (from Tourism in Jordan)
Image 10Wadi Rum (from Tourism in Jordan)
Image 11Iron Age ramparts in Tulul adh-Dhahab, sometimes identified with the Israelite city of Mahanaim mentioned in the Hebrew Bible. (from History of Jordan)
Image 12First election in Transjordan's history on 2 April 1929. (from History of Jordan)
Image 13The Kerak Castle, used by the Majalis for centuries (from History of Jordan)
Image 14The Mesha Stele (c. 840 BCE), a royal Moabite inscription commemorating the victory of Moab over the Kingdom of Israel. (from History of Jordan)
Image 15A young Emir Sattam bin Fendi in 1848 (from History of Jordan)
Image 16Al-Khazneh in Petra (from Tourism in Jordan)
Image 17The south gate in the ancient city of Jerash (from Tourism in Jordan)
Image 18King Hussein Mosque in Amman (from Tourism in Jordan)
Image 19Zahir Al Umar, who during his reign fought both the Bani Sakher and the Adwan (from History of Jordan)
Image 20A large plate of Jordanian mezze in Petra (from Culture of Jordan)
Image 21Jerusalem on the Madaba Map (from Tourism in Jordan)
Image 22Suleiman Mousa (1919–2008), pioneer in the modern history of Jordan and Arab Revolt. (from History of Jordan)
Image 23Rujm Al-Malfouf, a watchtower dating to 1000 BCE found in Amman. The city was known then as Rabbah of the Ammonites, and served as the capital city of the Ammonites. (from History of Jordan)
Image 24Majid Sultan Al Adwan at Shunet Nimrin, Paramount Sheikh of the Adwan in the early 20th century, and the great-great-great-great-grandson of Salih ibn Adwan. (from History of Jordan)
Image 25Al-Karak castle (from Tourism in Jordan)
Image 26Qasr Amra a desert castle from the era of the Islamic Empire (from Tourism in Jordan)
Image 27The Moabite Stone, first revealed to the western world by Sattam bin Fendi (from History of Jordan)
Image 28Jerash Festival, 2018 (from Culture of Jordan)
Image 29Amman Citadel reflects 7,000 years of Jordanian history (from History of Jordan)
Image 30Petra (from Culture of Jordan)
Image 31Tourists photograph Al Khazneh (not visible) upon arriving in Petra. The Siq can be seen on the right.
Image 32Jordan 1948–1967. The East Bank is the portion east of the Jordan river, the West Bank is the part west of the river (from History of Jordan)
Image 33Dead Sea (from Tourism in Jordan)
Image 34Tourist police kiosk at Petra (from Tourism in Jordan)
Image 35This basalt stone is incised with a scene showing two animals, probably gazelles. From Dhuweila, eastern Jordan, c. 6200 BCE. British Museum (from History of Jordan)
Image 36Southern Levant during Iron Age II (c. 830 BCE) (from History of Jordan)
Image 37Prince Fendi Al-Fayez in the 1870s (from History of Jordan)
Image 38Mahis in northwestern Jordan (from Wildlife of Jordan)
Image 39Thorny burnet (Sarcopoterium spinosum) (from Wildlife of Jordan)
Image 40Egyptian mongoose (from Wildlife of Jordan)

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The Azraq refugee camp is a refugee camp, located near Azraq, Jordan, built for refugees of the Syrian Civil War. It was developed, and is operated, by the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) in conjunction with the Government of Jordan. It first opened in April 2014. As of March 2016 it had over 32,000 refugees in it; by August 2019 that number was over 35,000. (Full article...)

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Amman Irbid Zarqa Aqaba Russeifa Ajloun Madaba Huwwarah Al-Salt Aydoun Jerash Ma'an Al Husn Azraq, Jordan Al-Karak Der Abi Saeed Tafilah Anjara

See also: List of cities in Jordan

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Culture of Jordan

Dabke is a traditional native Levantine folk dance often performed at weddings.
Jordan is one of the larger producers of olives in the country and as such Jordanian cuisine relies heavily on the use olive oil.
Many Western films requiring desert scenes, such as Lawrence of Arabia and The Hurt Locker have been shot in Jordan, especially in the Wadi Rum.
Jordanians primarily speak a dialect of Arabic called Jordanian Arabic, with the occasional usage of English, especially amongst the upper classes.