Isotopes of radon
Appearance
There are thirty-five known isotopes of radon (Rn). The most stable isotope is 222Rn with a half-life of 3.823 days. Four isotopes, 218, 219, 220, 222Rn occur in trace quantities in nature as decay products of, respectively, 218At, 219At, 224Ra, and 226Ra. 218Rn and 222Rn are intermediate steps in the decay chain for 238U, 219Rn is an intermediate step in the decay chain for 235U and 220Rn occurs in the decay chain for 232Th.
Table
nuclide symbol |
historic name |
Z(p) | N(n) | isotopic mass (u) |
half-life | decay mode(s)[1][n 1] |
daughter isotope(s) |
nuclear spin |
representative isotopic composition (mole fraction) |
range of natural variation (mole fraction) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
excitation energy | ||||||||||
195Rn | 86 | 109 | 195.00544(5) | 6 ms | 3/2-# | |||||
195mRn | 50(50) keV | 6 ms | 13/2+# | |||||||
196Rn | 86 | 110 | 196.002115(16) | 4.7(11) ms [4.4(+13-9) ms] |
α | 192Po | 0+ | |||
β+ (rare) | 196At | |||||||||
197Rn | 86 | 111 | 197.00158(7) | 66(16) ms [65(+25-14) ms] |
α | 193Po | 3/2-# | |||
β+ (rare) | 197At | |||||||||
197mRn | 200(60)# keV | 21(5) ms [19(+8-4) ms] |
α | 193Po | (13/2+) | |||||
β+ (rare) | 197At | |||||||||
198Rn | 86 | 112 | 197.998679(14) | 65(3) ms | α (99%) | 194Po | 0+ | |||
β+ (1%) | 198At | |||||||||
199Rn | 86 | 113 | 198.99837(7) | 620(30) ms | α (94%) | 195Po | 3/2-# | |||
β+ (6%) | 199At | |||||||||
199mRn | 180(70) keV | 320(20) ms | α (97%) | 195Po | 13/2+# | |||||
β+ (3%) | 199At | |||||||||
200Rn | 86 | 114 | 199.995699(14) | 0.96(3) s | α (98%) | 196Po | 0+ | |||
β+ (2%) | 200At | |||||||||
201Rn | 86 | 115 | 200.99563(8) | 7.0(4) s | α (80%) | 197Po | (3/2-) | |||
β+ (20%) | 201At | |||||||||
201mRn | 280(90)# keV | 3.8(1) s | α (90%) | 197Po | (13/2+) | |||||
β+ (10%) | 201At | |||||||||
IT (<1%) | 201Rn | |||||||||
202Rn | 86 | 116 | 201.993263(19) | 9.94(18) s | α (85%) | 198Po | 0+ | |||
β+ (15%) | 202At | |||||||||
203Rn | 86 | 117 | 202.993387(25) | 44.2(16) s | α (66%) | 199Po | (3/2-) | |||
β+ (34%) | 203At | |||||||||
203mRn | 363(4) keV | 26.7(5) s | α (80%) | 199Po | 13/2(+) | |||||
β+ (20%) | 203At | |||||||||
204Rn | 86 | 118 | 203.991429(16) | 1.17(18) min | α (73%) | 200Po | 0+ | |||
β+ (27%) | 204At | |||||||||
205Rn | 86 | 119 | 204.99172(5) | 170(4) s | β+ (77%) | 205At | 5/2- | |||
α (23%) | 201Po | |||||||||
206Rn | 86 | 120 | 205.990214(16) | 5.67(17) min | α (62%) | 202Po | 0+ | |||
β+ (38%) | 206At | |||||||||
207Rn | 86 | 121 | 206.990734(28) | 9.25(17) min | β+ (79%) | 207At | 5/2- | |||
α (21%) | 203Po | |||||||||
207mRn | 899.0(10) keV | 181(18) µs | (13/2+) | |||||||
208Rn | 86 | 122 | 207.989642(12) | 24.35(14) min | α (62%) | 204Po | 0+ | |||
β+ (38%) | 208At | |||||||||
209Rn | 86 | 123 | 208.990415(21) | 28.5(10) min | β+ (83%) | 209At | 5/2- | |||
α (17%) | 205Po | |||||||||
209m1Rn | 1173.98(13) keV | 13.4(13) µs | 13/2+ | |||||||
209m2Rn | 3636.78(23) keV | 3.0(3) µs | (35/2+) | |||||||
210Rn | 86 | 124 | 209.989696(9) | 2.4(1) h | α (96%) | 206Po | 0+ | |||
β+ (4%) | 210At | |||||||||
210m1Rn | 1690(15) keV | 644(40) ns | 8+# | |||||||
210m2Rn | 3837(15) keV | 1.06(5) µs | (17)- | |||||||
210m3Rn | 6493(15) keV | 1.04(7) µs | (22)+ | |||||||
211Rn | 86 | 125 | 210.990601(7) | 14.6(2) h | α (72.6%) | 207Po | 1/2- | |||
β+ (27.4%) | 211At | |||||||||
212Rn | 86 | 126 | 211.990704(3) | 23.9(12) min | α | 208Po | 0+ | |||
β+β+ (rare) | 212Po | |||||||||
213Rn | 86 | 127 | 212.993883(6) | 19.5(1) ms | α | 209Po | (9/2+) | |||
214Rn | 86 | 128 | 213.995363(10) | 0.27(2) µs | α | 210Po | 0+ | |||
β+β+ (rare) | 214Po | |||||||||
214mRn | 4595.4 keV | 245(30) ns | (22+) | |||||||
215Rn | 86 | 129 | 214.998745(8) | 2.30(10) µs | α | 211Po | 9/2+ | |||
216Rn | 86 | 130 | 216.000274(8) | 45(5) µs | α | 212Po | 0+ | |||
217Rn | 86 | 131 | 217.003928(5) | 0.54(5) ms | α | 213Po | 9/2+ | |||
218Rn | 86 | 132 | 218.0056013(25) | 35(5) ms | α | 214Po | 0+ | Trace[n 2] | ||
219Rn | Actinon Actinium emanation |
86 | 133 | 219.0094802(27) | 3.96(1) s | α | 215Po | 5/2+ | Trace[n 3] | |
220Rn | Thoron Thorium emanation |
86 | 134 | 220.0113940(24) | 55.6(1) s | α | 216Po | 0+ | Trace[n 4] | |
β-β- (rare) | 220Ra | |||||||||
221Rn | 86 | 135 | 221.015537(6) | 25.7(5) min | β- (78%) | 221Fr | 7/2(+) | |||
α (22%) | 217Po | |||||||||
222Rn | Radon[n 5] Radium emanation Emanation Emanon Niton |
86 | 136 | 222.0175777(25) | 3.8235(3) d | α | 218Po | 0+ | Trace[n 2] | |
223Rn | 86 | 137 | 223.02179(32)# | 24.3(4) min | β- | 223Fr | 7/2 | |||
224Rn | 86 | 138 | 224.02409(32)# | 107(3) min | β- | 224Fr | 0+ | |||
225Rn | 86 | 139 | 225.02844(32)# | 4.66(4) min | β- | 225Fr | 7/2- | |||
226Rn | 86 | 140 | 226.03089(43)# | 7.4(1) min | β- | 226Fr | 0+ | |||
227Rn | 86 | 141 | 227.03541(45)# | 20.8(7) s | β- | 227Fr | 5/2(+#) | |||
228Rn | 86 | 142 | 228.03799(44)# | 65(2) s | β- | 228Fr | 0+ | |||
229Rn | 86 | 143 | 229.0426536(141) | 12 s |
- ^ Abbreviations:
IT: Isomeric transition - ^ a b Intermediate decay product of 238U
- ^ Intermediate decay product of 235U
- ^ Intermediate decay product of 232Th
- ^ Source of element's name
Notes
- Values marked # are not purely derived from experimental data, but at least partly from systematic trends. Spins with weak assignment arguments are enclosed in parentheses.
- Uncertainties are given in concise form in parentheses after the corresponding last digits. Uncertainty values denote one standard deviation, except isotopic composition and standard atomic mass from IUPAC which use expanded uncertainties.
References
- Isotope masses from:
- G. Audi, A. H. Wapstra, C. Thibault, J. Blachot and O. Bersillon (2003). "The NUBASE evaluation of nuclear and decay properties" (PDF). Nuclear Physics A. 729: 3–128. Bibcode:2003NuPhA.729....3A. doi:10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2003.11.001.
{{cite journal}}
: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
- G. Audi, A. H. Wapstra, C. Thibault, J. Blachot and O. Bersillon (2003). "The NUBASE evaluation of nuclear and decay properties" (PDF). Nuclear Physics A. 729: 3–128. Bibcode:2003NuPhA.729....3A. doi:10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2003.11.001.
- Isotopic compositions and standard atomic masses from:
- J. R. de Laeter, J. K. Böhlke, P. De Bièvre, H. Hidaka, H. S. Peiser, K. J. R. Rosman and P. D. P. Taylor (2003). "Atomic weights of the elements. Review 2000 (IUPAC Technical Report)". Pure and Applied Chemistry. 75 (6): 683–800. doi:10.1351/pac200375060683.
{{cite journal}}
: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - M. E. Wieser (2006). "Atomic weights of the elements 2005 (IUPAC Technical Report)". Pure and Applied Chemistry. 78 (11): 2051–2066. doi:10.1351/pac200678112051.
{{cite journal}}
: Unknown parameter|laysummary=
ignored (help)
- J. R. de Laeter, J. K. Böhlke, P. De Bièvre, H. Hidaka, H. S. Peiser, K. J. R. Rosman and P. D. P. Taylor (2003). "Atomic weights of the elements. Review 2000 (IUPAC Technical Report)". Pure and Applied Chemistry. 75 (6): 683–800. doi:10.1351/pac200375060683.
- Half-life, spin, and isomer data selected from the following sources. See editing notes on this article's talk page.
- G. Audi, A. H. Wapstra, C. Thibault, J. Blachot and O. Bersillon (2003). "The NUBASE evaluation of nuclear and decay properties" (PDF). Nuclear Physics A. 729: 3–128. Bibcode:2003NuPhA.729....3A. doi:10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2003.11.001.
{{cite journal}}
: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - National Nuclear Data Center. "NuDat 2.1 database". Brookhaven National Laboratory. Retrieved September 2005.
{{cite web}}
: Check date values in:|accessdate=
(help) - N. E. Holden (2004). "Table of the Isotopes". In D. R. Lide (ed.). CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (85th ed.). CRC Press. Section 11. ISBN 978-0849304859.
{{cite book}}
: Unknown parameter|nopp=
ignored (|no-pp=
suggested) (help)
- G. Audi, A. H. Wapstra, C. Thibault, J. Blachot and O. Bersillon (2003). "The NUBASE evaluation of nuclear and decay properties" (PDF). Nuclear Physics A. 729: 3–128. Bibcode:2003NuPhA.729....3A. doi:10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2003.11.001.