Gamgee Tissue
Gamgee Tissue is a surgical dressing invented by Dr. Joseph Sampson Gamgee in Birmingham, England, in 1880.[2][3][4]
Surgical dressing
[edit]Gamgee Tissue has a thick layer of absorbent cotton wool between two layers of absorbent gauze.[2] It represents the first use of cotton wool in a medical context, and was a major advancement in the prevention of infection of surgical wounds. It is still the basis for many modern surgical dressings. The name has been a trademark of Robinson Healthcare (formerlyl Robinson and Sons Ltd of Chesterfield),[5] based in Worksop, Nottinghamshire, since 1911.
Tolkien
[edit]In Birmingham, "Gamgee" became the colloquial name for cotton wool, which led to the surname of Gaffer Gamgee and his son Sam in J. R. R. Tolkien's The Lord of the Rings. In a 1954 letter to the author Naomi Mitchison, who was checking the text of the novel for Tolkien, he addresses a question she had about the name:[1]
Yes, Sam Gamgee is in a sense a relation of Dr. Gamgee, in that his name would not have taken that form, if I had not heard of 'Gamgee tissue'; there was I believe a Dr. Gamgee (no doubt of the kin) in Birmingham when I was a child. The name was any way always familiar to me. Gaffer Gamgee arose first: he was a legendary character to my children (based on a real-life gaffer, not of that name). But, as you will find explained, in this tale the name is a 'translation' of the real Hobbit name, derived from a village (devoted to rope-making) anglicized as Gamwich (pron. Gammidge), near Tighfield (see vol. II p. 217). Since Sam was close friends of the family of Cotton (another village-name), I was led astray into the Hobbit-like joke of spelling Gamwichy [as] Gamgee, though I do not think that in actual Hobbit-dialect the joke really arose.
— J.R.R. Tolkien[1]
References
[edit]- ^ a b c Carpenter 2023, Tolkien's letter 257 to Christopher Bretherton, 16 July 1964
- ^ a b Gamgee, J. Sampson (24 January 1880). "Absorbent and medicated surgical dressings". The Lancet.
- ^ Gamgee, J. Sampson (21 February 1880). "Absorbent and medicated surgical dressings (letter)" (PDF). The Lancet.
- ^ Kapadia, H M (1 February 2002). "Sampson Gamgee: a great Birmingham surgeon". JRSM. 95 (2): 96–100. doi:10.1258/jrsm.95.2.96. PMC 1279323. PMID 11823557.
- ^ "Robinson and Sons Ltd of Chesterfield, textile and packaging manufacturers". Derbyshire Record Office. Retrieved 21 August 2024.
Sources
[edit]- Carpenter, Humphrey, ed. (2023) [1981]. The Letters of J. R. R. Tolkien Revised and Expanded Edition. New York: Harper Collins. ISBN 978-0-35-865298-4.