CrazySexyCool
CrazySexyCool | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
![]() | ||||
Studio album by | ||||
Released | November 15, 1994 | |||
Recorded | December 1993 – September 1994 | |||
Studio | ||||
Genre | ||||
Length | 56:10 | |||
Label | ||||
Producer | ||||
TLC chronology | ||||
| ||||
Singles from CrazySexyCool | ||||
|
CrazySexyCool is the second studio album by American girl group TLC, released on November 15, 1994, by LaFace and Arista Records. Following the group's record deal, they released their debut album Ooooooohhh... On the TLC Tip in 1992 to positive reviews and commercial success. The group began working on a follow-up in 1993 but experienced an unproductive recording process due to personal issues, notably those of member Lisa "Left Eye" Lopes, who was struggling with alcoholism and her volatile relationship with football player Andre Rison. The album's recording lasted until September 1994, with Lopes' role diminished while she was in rehab.
CrazySexyCool saw the group reunite with producers Dallas Austin, Kenneth "Babyface" Edmonds, and Jermaine Dupri, as well as new collaborators Organized Noize and Chucky Thompson. It also featured contributions from Sean "Puffy" Combs, who helped with the notable hip hop soul sound; the album featured hip hop beats, funk, deep grooves, propulsive rhythms, and smooth production. The album's lyrical content was seen as a departure from the group's debut and was seen as a coming-of-age project which explored themes such as sexuality, romanticism, inexperience, and youthful optimism.
CrazySexyCool was met with critical acclaim and commercial success, peaking at number three on the Billboard 200, a chart on which it stayed for over two years. It has been certified 12-times platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA), making TLC the first girl group in history to be awarded diamond status. It has since sold over 15 million copies worldwide, becoming the best-selling album by an American girl group. It has also been featured on Rolling Stone magazine's list of The 500 Greatest Albums of All Time, included in the book 1001 Albums You Must Hear Before You Die, and was listed as a "New Classic" by Entertainment Weekly in 2008.[1] The album was ranked at number seven on Billboard's list of the best diamond-certified albums of all time.[2]
Background
[edit]Debut album
[edit]On February 28, 1991, Tionne Watkins and Lisa Lopes signed production, management, and publishing deals with Pebbitone,[3] with Perri Reid becoming their general manager. The two-member TLC-Skee made its first recorded appearance on a track for LaFace act Damian Dame's self-titled 1991 LP.[4] Pebbles found the third member in Rozonda Thomas, one of Damian Dame's part-time backup dancers.
Thomas was signed to the act in April 1991,[3] at about which time the group's name was shortened to TLC. To maintain TLC's name as an acronym for the girls' names, Watkins became "T-Boz", Lopes became "Left-Eye", and Thomas became "Chilli." The girls were then signed to LaFace in May through the production deal with Pebbitone;[3] their records would be distributed by Arista Records/BMG. TLC was immediately set up to go into the studio with Reid and Edmonds, Dallas Austin, Jermaine Dupri, and Marley Marl producing their first album, Ooooooohhh... On the TLC Tip. The new trio debuted as backing vocalists on "Rebel (With a Cause)", a track on Jermaine Jackson's sole album for LaFace, You Said (1991).[5]
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/L.A._Reid.jpg/170px-L.A._Reid.jpg)
Production on Ooooooohhh... On the TLC Tip wrapped up in December 1991.[6] The album reached number 14 on the US Billboard 200 and number three on the Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums chart.[7][8] According to Nielsen SoundScan, it has sold 2.5 million copies in the US.[9] It was eventually certified four-times platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA) for shipping four million copies in the US.[10]
Personal struggles
[edit]Lopes was often vocal about her personal life and difficult past. She readily admitted that she had come from an abusive, alcoholic background and struggled with alcohol problems herself. These problems became headline news in 1994, when she set fire to Andre Rison's tennis shoes in a bathtub, which ultimately spread to the mansion they shared, destroying it. Lopes claimed that Rison had beaten her after a night out, and she set fire to his shoes to get back at him. However, she said burning down the house was an accident. Lopes later revealed that she did not have a lot of freedom within the relationship and was abused mentally and physically, having released all her frustrations on the night of the fire.[11] Lopes, who was sentenced to five years probation and therapy at a halfway house, was never able to shake the incident from her reputation.[12] Her relationship with Rison continued to make headlines, with rumors of an imminent wedding, later debunked by People magazine.[13]
Recording
[edit]![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Doppler_Studios_exterior_view_01.jpg/200px-Doppler_Studios_exterior_view_01.jpg)
The album's recording began in late 1993 and continued through till September 1994.[14] The album was recorded at numerous studios, including Doppler Studios, Bosstown Recording Studios, KrossWire Studio and GADaddy's; D.A.R.P. Studios in Atlanta, Georgia; the Music Grinder Studios in Los Angeles, California; and The Hit Factory in New York City.[15]
During the album's recording, Lopes was forced to have less of an input, as she had pled guilty in an arson accident and was sent to a rehab facility as punishment.[16] The rehab facility only released her for a couple of recording sessions, during which time she cut just a handful of album-worthy rap verses.
For the album's production and writing, the group worked with producers including Babyface, Dallas Austin, Jermaine Dupri and more. Thomas stated that they had used these producers because they always worked with them stating that they worked with Dallas, Babyface, and Dupri on the first album "the only thing we had new was Organized Noize."[17] Phife Dawg from A Tribe Called Quest did the interludes. However, during the album's recording, the band members were not always in the studio together; sometimes they went in one by one due to scheduling conflicts.[17]
"Waterfalls" was written by Lopes with Marqueze Etheridge and Organized Noize, who also produced the song. Watkins and Thomas perform the song with Lopes, who also provides a rap. The background vocals are performed by the members of TLC, as well as Debra Killings and Cee-Lo Green. Speaking of Green's involvement, Watkins said, "He was in Goodie Mob, we grew up together, we go way back. He did and it was amazing! I love his voice."[18] The lyrics of the song reference 1990s issues such as violence associated with illegal drug trade and the HIV/AIDS epidemic.[19] At the end of the second verse, Watkins sings, "His health is fading and he doesn't know why / Three letters took him to his final resting place." She said that it was important for the group to "get the message across without seeming like preaching."[20]
Music and lyrics
[edit]CrazySexyCool was a rebellious and free from the traditional R&B norms that weighed the genre down. That edginess, that swagger can't be replaced without its ties to hip-hop. There's something to be said for how fresh and balanced it sounded, how different it was, and how little it seemed to care about observing R&B convention. To me, that was half the appeal: It was sensual R&B with fiery hip-hop spirit.
— Sheldon Pearce, Consequence of Sound[21]
CrazySexyCool was noted as a departure from the group's debut, and was seen as move away from the group's predominantly rap connections. The songs on the album contained sensual R&B sounds built over edgy hip-hop beats; containing propulsive rhythms along with clap-commanding high production, bouncy funk elements and smooth rhythms.[21]
The album's lyrical content was also seen as a departure from Ooooooohhh... On the TLC Tip. A reviewer from Entertainment Weekly stated that compared to the lyrical content of their debut, which was seen as "kiddie-cute hip-hop", CrazySexyCool is filled with adult-female sexuality, and "hide- and-seek coyness."[22] It was seen as a coming-of-age sophomore album, according to Sheldon Pearce from Consequence of Sound, who stated the album had themes of "guileless and horny twenty something" lyrics that harmlessly explored sexuality and romanticism with the "naïveté that comes from inexperience and youthful optimism."[21] The album lyrics also touch upon themes of relationships from both the impassioned and erotic sides.[21]
Release and promotion
[edit]To promote CrazySexyCool, TLC—along with Boyz II Men, Montell Jordan, and Mary J. Blige—performed in the annual Budweiser Superfest Tour in early 1995, consisting of 23 dates in North America. The Atlanta, Chicago and Indianapolis shows featured an expanded roster of performers, including Blackstreet and Monica.[23]
All four singles from the album reached the top five of the Billboard Hot 100, two of them reaching number one.
Lead single, "Creep", topped the Billboard Hot 100 for four weeks, and was one of the biggest singles of 1995, coming in at number three in Billboard Year-End Hot 100 Singles of 1995. It also reached number one on the Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs chart.
The second single, "Red Light Special", peaked at number two on the Billboard Hot 100, and number three on the Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs chart.
The third single, "Waterfalls", became TLC's most successful song, spending seven weeks at number one. It was also the second-biggest single of 1995 according to Billboard, earning TLC two songs in the top three of the 1995 Billboard year-end chart. Internationally, the song reached the top five in several countries.
"Diggin' on You" was released as the album's fourth and final single, and reached number five on the Billboard Hot 100. It also reached number seven on the Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs chart.
Critical reception
[edit]Review scores | |
---|---|
Source | Rating |
AllMusic | ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() |
Chicago Tribune | ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() |
Christgau's Consumer Guide | B+[26] |
The Encyclopedia of Popular Music | ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() |
Entertainment Weekly | B+[22] |
The Guardian | ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() |
Los Angeles Times | ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() |
Pitchfork | 9.3/10[30] |
The Rolling Stone Album Guide | ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() |
CrazySexyCool was met with critical acclaim. In his review for AllMusic, Stephen Thomas Erlewine described the album as a "smooth, seductive collection of contemporary soul reminiscent of both Philly soul and Prince", adding that the material was "consistently strong".[24] Erlewine continued to write that the album is "powered" by new jack swing and hip-hop beats with influences of mid-tempo funk, deep grooves, horns and guitar lines.[24] He also referred to "Waterfalls" as "one of the classic R&B songs of the '90s".[24]
In Rolling Stone's review for "The 500 Greatest Albums of All Time", the article stated that TLC "emerged with the most effervescent and soulful girl-group R&B anyone had seen since the Supremes."[32]
In 2010, Rolling Stone listed the album at number 43 on their "100 Greatest Albums of the 90s". They stated: "Left Eye, Chilli and T-Boz looked like a one-shot when they first emerged from the nascent Atlanta with 1992's Ain't 2 Proud 2 Beg. But CrazySexyCool was a real shocker, packed bumper to bumper with great songs, sassy vocals and voluptuous beats for burning down the house. 'Creep' celebrates the kicks of illicit lust on the down low, 'Waterfalls' digs deep into Memphis soul and 'If I Was Your Girlfriend' does Prince better than The Artist has all decade. The showstopper: 'Red Light Special', an impossibly steamy make-out ballad that undresses and caresses everyone with ears to hear it. CrazySexyCool established TLC as pop pros who could do it all, combining the body slam of hip-hop and the giddy uplift of a jump-rope rhyme without breaking a nail."[33]
In a 2015 article for Consequence of Sound, music critics Michael Madden and Sheldon Pearce write about how the album has impacted artists well into today's era whose R&B sound has been heavily influenced by strong hip-hop elements. "There should probably be more talk of TLC's role in forging the current R&B landscape, which is heavily, if not entirely, influenced by hip-hop culture now. The two genres have seemingly been grafted onto one another, and there's something of a codependent relationship between the two. To that effect, there's something to be said for that dynamic existing here, too, how the album's sequencing contributes to the music's effectiveness and how it still translates to the modern day."[21]
Commercial performance
[edit]CrazySexyCool debuted at number 15 on the US Billboard 200, selling 77,500 copies in its first week.[34] On the issue dated July 29, 1995, the album peaked at number three with 117,000 units sold.[35] The album was certified 12-times platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA) on October 11, 2019,[36] and as of July 2017, it had sold 7.7 million copies in the United States, becoming the best-selling album by a female group in the country;[37] it had sold an additional 1.27 million copies through the BMG Music Club as of February 2003.[38] Internationally, it reached number one in New Zealand, as well as the top five in Australia, Germany, the Netherlands, and the United Kingdom. As of July 2006, CrazySexyCool had sold over 15 million copies worldwide.[39]
Accolades
[edit]CrazySexyCool was nominated for six Grammy Awards at the 1996 Grammy Awards. "Waterfalls" was nominated for the Record of the Year. Two of the album's nominations were for its songwriters: Dallas Austin for "Creep", and Babyface for "Red Light Special". TLC ended up winning two awards, Best R&B Album and Best R&B Performance by a Duo or Group with Vocals for "Creep".
TLC also received multiple wins and nominations at the Billboard Music Awards, American Music Awards and Soul Train Music Awards, including Artist of the Year at the 1995 Billboard Music Awards. At the 1995 MTV Video Music Awards, TLC won four awards for the video to "Waterfalls", including Video of the Year and the Viewer's Choice Award.
Organization | Country | Accolade | Year | Rank | Ref. |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Billboard | United States | All 92 Diamond-Certified Albums Ranked from Worst to Best: Critic's Take | 2016 | 7 | [2] |
Complex | United States | The Best R&B Albums of '90s | 2017 | 4 | [40] |
Entertainment Weekly | United States | The 100 Best Albums from 1983 to 2008 | 2008 | 36 | [1] |
The Face | United Kingdom | The Face Recordings of the Year | 1999 | 27 | [41] |
NPR | United States | The 150 Greatest Albums Made by Women | 2017 | 26 | [42] |
Q | United Kingdom | Q Readers Greatest Albums Ever | 2003 | 77 | [43] |
Rock and Roll Hall of Fame | United States | The Definitive 200: Top 200 Albums of All-Time | 2007 | 105 | [44] |
Rolling Stone | United States | The 500 Greatest Albums of All Time | 2003 | 377 | [45] |
2012 | 379 | [32] | |||
2020 | 218 | [46] | |||
Vibe | United States | The 150 Albums That Define the Vibe Era | 2007 | Unranked | [47] |
Celebration of CrazySexyCool
[edit]Tour by TLC | |
Location | North America |
---|---|
Associated album | CrazySexyCool |
Start date | September 3, 2021 |
End date | October 10, 2021 |
Legs | 1 |
No. of shows | 18 |
Supporting acts | Bone Thugs-N-Harmony |
TLC concert chronology |
Celebration of CrazySexyCool is a concert tour of American group TLC. This tour, serving as a celebration of the first album by a girl group to reach Diamond status, comes 27 years after the album release. Consisting of 18 dates across the United States, this tour celebrates what Chilli describes as "the album that really put [TLC] on the map",[48] as the group perform selected songs from the 1994 album, as well as other hits.
Set list
[edit]This set list is from the September 14, 2021 concert in Sterling Heights. It is not intended to represent all concerts for the tour.
- "Creep"
- "Hat 2 da Back"
- "Kick Your Game"
- "Girl Talk"
- "Case of the Fake People"
- "Ain't 2 Proud 2 Beg"
- "What About Your Friends"
- "Silly Ho"
- "FanMail"
- "Way Back"
- "American Gold"
- "Sumthin' Wicked This Way Comes"
- "Unpretty"
- "Take Our Time"
- "Red Light Special"
- "Diggin' on You"
- "Baby-Baby-Baby"
- "No Scrubs"
- "Waterfalls"
Track listing
[edit]No. | Title | Writer(s) | Producer(s) | Length |
---|---|---|---|---|
1. | "Intro-lude" (featuring Phife) |
| 1:03 | |
2. | "Creep" | Dallas Austin | Austin | 4:28 |
3. | "Kick Your Game" |
| 4:14 | |
4. | "Diggin' on You" | Kenneth Edmonds | Babyface | 4:14 |
5. | "Case of the Fake People" | Austin | Austin | 4:04 |
6. | "CrazySexyCool – Interlude" |
| 1:42 | |
7. | "Red Light Special" | Edmonds | Babyface | 5:03 |
8. | "Waterfalls" |
| Organized Noize | 4:39 |
9. | "Intermission-lude" | Dupri | 0:42 | |
10. | "Let's Do It Again" |
|
| 4:16 |
11. | "If I Was Your Girlfriend" | Prince Nelson |
| 4:36 |
12. | "Sexy – Interlude" |
|
| 1:34 |
13. | "Take Our Time" |
|
| 4:34 |
14. | "Can I Get a Witness – Interlude" (featuring Busta Rhymes) |
|
| 2:57 |
15. | "Switch" |
|
| 3:30 |
16. | "Sumthin' Wicked This Way Comes" (featuring Dre of Outkast) |
| Organized Noize | 4:28 |
Total length: | 56:10 |
No. | Title | Length |
---|---|---|
1. | "Creep" (Super Smooth mix) | 4:43 |
2. | "Red Light Special" (L.A.'s Flava mix) | 4:27 |
3. | "Waterfalls" (ONP remix) | 4:33 |
4. | "My Secret Enemy" (Red Light Special single B-side) | 5:35 |
Notes
[edit]- ^[a] signifies a co-producer
- The single vinyl LP edition omits "Case of the Fake People" and "Intermission-lude".
Sample credits
[edit]- "Creep" contains a sample of "Hey Young World" by Slick Rick.
- "Switch" contains a sample of "Mr. Big Stuff" by Jean Knight.
Personnel
[edit]Credits adapted from the liner notes of CrazySexyCool.[15]
Musicians
[edit]- Phife – guest appearance (track 1)
- Dallas Austin – instruments (track 2); keyboards, drums (track 5); additional keyboards (track 11)
- Sol Messiah – scratching (tracks 2, 5)
- Rick Sheppard – MIDI, sound design (tracks 2, 5, 11)
- Debra Killings – background vocals (tracks 2, 4, 5, 7, 8, 11, 13, 16)
- Jermaine Dupri – additional vocals (track 3)
- LaMarquis "Marq" Jefferson – bass (tracks 3, 8)
- Babyface – synthesizers, drum programming (tracks 4, 7, 10)
- T-Boz – background vocals (tracks 4, 7, 10)
- Chilli – background vocals (tracks 4, 7, 10)
- Bebé – background vocals (tracks 4, 7, 10)
- Chucky Thompson – all instruments (tracks 6, 12, 14); keyboards, bass, drums (track 11)
- Sean "Puffy" Combs – ad-libs (track 6)
- Dwight Sills – guitar (track 7)
- Organized Noize – drum programming (tracks 8, 16); keyboards (track 8); keyboard programming (track 16)
- Kenneth Wright – Wurlitzer keyboards (track 8)
- Jerry Lloyd – horns (track 8)
- Ronnie Fitch – horns (track 8)
- Charles Nix – horns (track 8)
- Shock – horn arrangements (track 8)
- Edward Stroud – guitar (track 8)
- TLC – background vocals (track 8)
- Thomas "Cee-Lo" Burton – background vocals (tracks 8, 16)
- Jon-John – synthesizers, drum programming (track 10)
- Colin Wolfe – additional bass (track 11)
- Arnold Hennings – keyboards, drums (track 13)
- Tim Kelley – keyboards (track 13)
- Shorty B – guitar (track 13)
- Mike Patterson – MIDI, sound design (track 13)
- Busta Rhymes – guest appearance (track 14)
- Lisa "Left Eye" Lopes – ad-libs (track 14)
- Trey Lorenz – background vocals (track 15)
- Dre of Outkast – guest appearance (track 16)
- Sir Dean Gant – keyboards (track 16)
- Craig Love – guitar (track 16)
- Martin Terry – guitar (track 16)
- Carlos Glover – bass (track 16)
Technical
[edit]- Jermaine Dupri – recording (tracks 1, 9); mixing (tracks 1, 3, 9, 15); production (tracks 3, 15); remix (track 3)
- John Frye – recording assistance (tracks 1, 3, 9); mixing assistance (track 8)
- Phil Tan – mixing (tracks 1, 3, 9, 15); recording (tracks 3, 15)
- Dallas Austin – production (tracks 2, 5, 13); co-production (track 11); executive production
- Alvin Speights – recording (tracks 2, 5); mixing (tracks 2, 5, 11)
- Leslie Brathwaite – recording (tracks 2, 5); mixing (track 13)
- Carl Glover – recording assistance (tracks 2, 5)
- Brian Smith – recording assistance (tracks 2, 5, 13)
- Manuel Seal – co-production (tracks 3, 15)
- Brian Frye – recording assistance (tracks 3, 15)
- Babyface – production (tracks 4, 7, 10); executive production
- Brad Gilderman – recording (tracks 4, 7, 10)
- Eric Fischer – recording assistance (tracks 4, 7, 10)
- Lamont Hyde – recording assistance (tracks 4, 7, 10)
- Dave Way – mixing (tracks 4, 7, 10)
- Chucky Thompson – production (tracks 6, 11, 12, 14)
- Sean "Puffy" Combs – production (tracks 6, 11, 12, 14)
- Rich Travali – recording, mixing (tracks 6, 12, 14)
- Organized Noize – production (tracks 8, 16)
- Nealhpogue – recording (track 8); mixing (tracks 8, 16)
- Bernasky – recording assistance (track 8); mixing assistance (track 16)
- Rico Lumpkins – recording assistance, mixing assistance (track 8)
- Mike Wilson – recording assistance (track 8)
- Jon-John – production (track 10)
- Nash – recording (track 11)
- Arnold Hennings – production (track 13)
- Mike Patterson – recording (track 13)
- Scott Little – recording assistance (track 13)
- Ron Gresham – mixing (track 13)
- NHP Sound, Inc. – recording (track 16)
- Carlos Glover – recording (track 16)
- Blake Eiseman – recording (track 16)
- Alex Lowe – recording assistance (track 16)
- Herb Powers Jr. – mastering
- Antonio M. Reid – executive production
- Sharliss Asbury – project coordination
- Ivy Skoff – project coordination (tracks 4, 7, 10)
Artwork
[edit]- Davett Singletary – creative direction
- Christopher Stern – art direction
- Dah Len – photography
Charts
[edit]
Weekly charts[edit]
|
Year-end charts[edit]
Decade-end charts[edit]
All-time charts[edit]
|
Certifications and sales
[edit]Region | Certification | Certified units/sales |
---|---|---|
Australia (ARIA)[85] | 2× Platinum | 140,000^ |
Austria (IFPI Austria)[86] | Gold | 25,000* |
Canada (Music Canada)[87] | 8× Platinum | 800,000^ |
Japan (RIAJ)[88] | 2× Platinum | 400,000^ |
Netherlands (NVPI)[89] | Gold | 50,000^ |
New Zealand (RMNZ)[90] | Platinum | 15,000^ |
United Kingdom (BPI)[91] | Platinum | 300,000^ |
United States (RIAA)[36] | 12× Platinum | 8,970,000[h] |
Summaries | ||
Europe (IFPI)[93] | Platinum | 1,000,000* |
Worldwide | — | 15,000,000[39] |
* Sales figures based on certification alone. |
See also
[edit]Notes
[edit]- ^ Tracks 1, 3, 9, and 15
- ^ Tracks 2, 5, 8, 11, and 13
- ^ Tracks 4, 7, and 10
- ^ Tracks 6, 12, and 14
- ^ a b Tracks 8 and 16
- ^ Track 11
- ^ Track 16
- ^ As of July 2017, CrazySexyCool had sold 7.7 million copies in the United States according to Nielsen SoundScan,[37] with an additional 1.27 million sold at BMG Music Club.[38] Nielsen SoundScan does not count albums sold through clubs like the BMG Music Service, which were significantly popular in the 1990s.[92]
References
[edit]- ^ a b "The New Classics: Music". Entertainment Weekly. June 17, 2007. Archived from the original on September 5, 2008.
- ^ a b Unterberger, Andrew (September 29, 2016). "All 88 Diamond-Certified Albums Ranked From Worst to Best: Critic's Take". Billboard. Retrieved July 23, 2022.
- ^ a b c Tionne WATKINS (T'Boz), Lisa Lopes (Left Eye), Rozonda Thomas (Chilli), Debtors. v. LaFace Records, Pebbitone, Inc., Peri Reid d/b/a Pebbitone Music, Movants (In re Watkins) Archived 2013-11-06 at the Wayback Machine, 390 210 BR 394 (Bankr. Court, ND Georgia, 1997) (Cotten, S.). Retrieved February 11, 2013.
- ^ Cass, Giles, Heyliger (June 7, 2013). 'Face Time: Damian Dame, "Right Down to It". Popdose. Retrieved February 11, 2014.
- ^ "Jermaine Jackson – You Said". Discogs. August 11, 1991. Retrieved October 24, 2015.
- ^ "TLC". OurGeorgiaHistory.com. Archived from the original on March 12, 2009. Retrieved June 1, 2009.
- ^ a b "TLC Chart History (Billboard 200)". Billboard.
- ^ a b "TLC Chart History (Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums)". Billboard. Retrieved January 16, 2017.
- ^ Caulfield, Keith (October 22, 2003). "Ask Billboard: With the 'Greatest' Tender Loving Care". Billboard. Archived from the original on June 26, 2015. Retrieved October 3, 2010.
- ^ "American certifications – TLC – Ooooooohhh...On the TLC Tip". Recording Industry Association of America.
- ^ Reid, Shaheem (April 25, 2007). "Lisa Lopes Documentary Captures Singer's Last Days". MTV News. Archived from the original on September 28, 2013. Retrieved February 8, 2014.
- ^ Smolowe, Jill; Morrissey, Siobhan; Westfall, Jill; Cohen, Michael; Wescott, Gail; Rozsa, Lori; Stambler, Lyndon (May 13, 2002). "Sad Rap". People. Archived from the original on February 22, 2014. Retrieved February 8, 2014.
- ^ Silverman, Stephen M. (June 7, 2001). "Whither 'Left Eye' Lopes and Rison?". People. Archived from the original on February 22, 2014. Retrieved February 8, 2014.
- ^ Krulik, Nancy (August 1, 2002). Lisa Lopes: The Life of a Supernova. Simon & Schuster. ISBN 1-4391-0409-3.
- ^ a b TLC (1994). CrazySexyCool (liner notes). LaFace Records. 73008-26009-2.
- ^ Archives, L. A. Times (June 11, 1994). "In a Fiery Relationship, Rison's Girlfriend Surrenders". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved March 7, 2023.
- ^ a b Davis, Rea Melissa (November 20, 2014). "Exclusive: TLC's Chilli Reflects On CrazySexyCool Album's 20th Anniversary". AllHipHop. Retrieved July 23, 2022.
- ^ Benjamin, Jeff (October 22, 2013). "TLC Reflect on No. 1 Hit "Waterfalls," Detail Cee Lo's Involvement". Fuse. Retrieved October 25, 2013.
- ^ Peck, Jamie (June 17, 2011). "Flashback Friday: TLC, 'Waterfalls'". MTV Buzzworthy. Archived from the original on October 29, 2013. Retrieved October 25, 2013.
- ^ Lambe, Stacy (October 23, 2013). "Behind The Song: TLC's "Waterfalls" + "No Scrubs" + "Unpretty"". VH1. Archived from the original on October 25, 2013. Retrieved October 25, 2013.
- ^ a b c d e "Dusting 'Em Off: TLC – CrazySexyCool". Consequence of Sound. January 31, 2015. Retrieved August 17, 2016.
- ^ a b Ehrlich, Dimitri (November 18, 1994). "Music Review: 'CrazySexyCool'". Entertainment Weekly. Retrieved August 17, 2016.
- ^ "Budweiser Superfest Tour". CyberTLC World. Archived from the original on June 15, 2014. Retrieved August 17, 2016.
- ^ a b c d Erlewine, Stephen Thomas. "CrazySexyCool – TLC". AllMusic. Retrieved August 17, 2016.
- ^ Kot, Greg (December 15, 1994). "TLC: CrazySexyCool (LaFace)". Chicago Tribune. Retrieved August 17, 2016.
- ^ Christgau, Robert (2000). "TLC: CrazySexyCool". Christgau's Consumer Guide: Albums of the '90s. St. Martin's Griffin. ISBN 0-312-24560-2. Retrieved August 17, 2016.
- ^ Larkin, Colin, ed. (2011). "TLC". The Encyclopedia of Popular Music (5th concise ed.). London: Omnibus Press. ISBN 978-0-85712-595-8.
- ^ Sullivan, Caroline (May 12, 1995). "TLC: Crazy Sexy Cool (Arista)". The Guardian.
- ^ Hunt, Dennis (November 13, 1994). "Record Rack". Los Angeles Times.
- ^ Hope, Clover (April 7, 2024). "TLC: CrazySexyCool Album Review". Pitchfork. Retrieved April 8, 2024.
- ^ Berger, Arion; Walters, Barry (2004). "TLC". In Brackett, Nathan; Hoard, Christian (eds.). The New Rolling Stone Album Guide (4th ed.). New York: Simon & Schuster. pp. 816–817. ISBN 0-7432-0169-8.
- ^ a b "500 Greatest Albums of All Time". Rolling Stone. May 31, 2012. Archived from the original on January 5, 2016. Retrieved August 17, 2016.
- ^ "100 Best Albums of the Nineties: TLC, 'CrazySexyCool'". Rolling Stone. Retrieved June 28, 2012.
- ^ Mayfield, Geoff (December 3, 1994). "Between the Bullets: So, How About That Rapper". Billboard. Vol. 106, no. 49. p. 115. ISSN 0006-2510 – via Google Books.
- ^ Newman, Melinda; Christman, Ed (July 29, 1995). "June Sales A Let Down For Music Stores". Billboard. Vol. 107, no. 30. p. 124. ISSN 0006-2510 – via Google Books.
- ^ a b "American album certifications – TLC – CrazySexyCool". Recording Industry Association of America. October 11, 2019. Retrieved October 16, 2019.
- ^ a b "100 Greatest Girl Group Songs of All Time: Critics' Picks". Billboard. July 10, 2017. Retrieved December 5, 2021.
- ^ a b David, Barry (February 18, 2003). "Shania, Backstreet, Britney, Eminem and Janet Top All-Time Sellers". Music Industry News Network. Archived from the original on September 25, 2015. Retrieved January 29, 2015.
- ^ a b Chan, I-Cheng (July 1, 2006). "Just who is Dallas Austin?". Gulf News. Retrieved June 25, 2022.
- ^ "The 50 Best R&B Albums of the '90s". Complex. Retrieved December 13, 2018.
- ^ "The Face Recordings of the Year 1995". The Face. Retrieved April 11, 2019 – via Rocklist.net.
- ^ "The 150 Greatest Albums Made By Women". NPR. July 24, 2017. Retrieved April 11, 2019.
- ^ "Greatest Albums Ever". Q. Archived from the original on October 19, 2018. Retrieved April 11, 2019 – via Rocklist.net.
- ^ "Definitive 200". Rock and Roll Hall of Fame. Archived from the original on September 19, 2009. Retrieved June 24, 2017.
- ^ "The RS 500 Greatest Albums of All Time: 377) CrazySexyCool". Rolling Stone. November 1, 2003. Archived from the original on December 24, 2008. Retrieved July 23, 2022.
- ^ "The 500 Greatest Albums of All Time". Rolling Stone. September 22, 2020. Archived from the original on October 9, 2020. Retrieved July 23, 2022.
- ^ "The 150 Albums That Define the Vibe Era". Vibe. March 2007 – via Google Books.
- ^ "TLC Announce 'CrazySexyCool' Anniversary Tour - That Grape Juice". thatgrapejuice.net. Retrieved September 17, 2021.
- ^ "Australiancharts.com – TLC – CrazySexyCool". Hung Medien.
- ^ "Austriancharts.at – TLC – CrazySexyCool" (in German). Hung Medien.
- ^ "Ultratop.be – TLC – CrazySexyCool" (in Dutch). Hung Medien.
- ^ "Ultratop.be – TLC – CrazySexyCool" (in French). Hung Medien.
- ^ "Top RPM Albums: Issue 8533". RPM. Library and Archives Canada. Retrieved January 16, 2017.
- ^ "Dutchcharts.nl – TLC – CrazySexyCool" (in Dutch). Hung Medien.
- ^ "European Top 100 Albums" (PDF). Music & Media. Vol. 12, no. 39. September 30, 1995. p. 13. OCLC 29800226 – via World Radio History.
- ^ "TLC: CrazySexyCool" (in Finnish). Musiikkituottajat – IFPI Finland.
- ^ "Le Détail des Albums de chaque Artiste". InfoDisc (in French). Retrieved January 16, 2017. Select "T L C" from the drop-down menu and click "OK".
- ^ "Offiziellecharts.de – TLC – CrazySexyCool" (in German). GfK Entertainment Charts.
- ^ "Charts.nz – TLC – CrazySexyCool". Hung Medien.
- ^ "Norwegiancharts.com – TLC – CrazySexyCool". Hung Medien.
- ^ "Official Scottish Albums Chart Top 100". Official Charts Company. Retrieved January 16, 2017.
- ^ "Swedishcharts.com – TLC – CrazySexyCool". Hung Medien.
- ^ "Swisscharts.com – TLC – CrazySexyCool". Hung Medien.
- ^ "Official Albums Chart Top 100". Official Charts Company. Retrieved May 21, 2019.
- ^ "Official R&B Albums Chart Top 40". Official Charts Company. Retrieved January 16, 2017.
- ^ "Australian Top 100 Albums 1995 (page 2)". The ARIA Report – via Imgur.
- ^ "Jaaroverzichten 1995" (in Dutch). Ultratop. Retrieved January 16, 2017.
- ^ "RPM Top 100 Albums of 1995". RPM. Vol. 62, no. 20. December 18, 1995. ISSN 0033-7064 – via Library and Archives Canada.
- ^ "Jaaroverzichten – Album 1995" (in Dutch). Dutch Charts. Retrieved January 16, 2017.
- ^ "Year End Sales Charts – European Top 100 Albums 1995" (PDF). Music & Media. Vol. 12, no. 51/52. December 23, 1995. p. 14. OCLC 29800226 – via World Radio History.
- ^ "Top 100 Album-Jahrescharts – 1995" (in German). GfK Entertainment. Retrieved January 16, 2017.
- ^ "Top Selling Albums of 1995". Recorded Music NZ. Retrieved January 16, 2017.
- ^ "Årslista Album (inkl samlingar) – År 1995" (in Swedish). Hitlistan. Archived from the original on July 9, 2015. Retrieved January 16, 2017.
- ^ "Schweizer Jahreshitparade 1995". hitparade.ch (in German). Retrieved July 23, 2022.
- ^ a b "End of Year Album Chart Top 100 – 1996". Official Charts Company. Retrieved January 16, 2017.
- ^ "Billboard 200 Albums – Year-End 1995". Billboard. Archived from the original on May 6, 2018. Retrieved May 21, 2019.
- ^ "Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums – Year-End 1995". Billboard. Archived from the original on May 6, 2018. Retrieved May 21, 2019.
- ^ "ARIA Top 50 Albums for 1996". Australian Recording Industry Association. Retrieved July 23, 2022.
- ^ "Jaaroverzichten – Album 1996" (in Dutch). Dutch Charts. Retrieved January 16, 2017.
- ^ "Top Billboard 200 Albums – Year-End 1996". Billboard. Archived from the original on May 21, 2019. Retrieved May 21, 2019.
- ^ "Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums – Year-End 1996". Billboard. Archived from the original on May 21, 2019. Retrieved May 21, 2019.
- ^ Mayfield, Geoff (December 25, 1999). "Top Pop Albums of the '90s". Billboard. Vol. 111, no. 52. p. YE-20. ISSN 0006-2510 – via Google Books.
- ^ "Greatest of All Time Billboard 200 Albums". Billboard. Archived from the original on May 2, 2019. Retrieved January 16, 2017.
- ^ "Greatest of All Time Billboard 200 Albums by Women". Billboard. Archived from the original on March 29, 2019. Retrieved May 21, 2019.
- ^ "ARIA Charts – Accreditations – 1996 Albums" (PDF). Australian Recording Industry Association. Retrieved July 16, 2021.
- ^ "Austrian album certifications – TLC – CrazySexyCool" (in German). IFPI Austria. February 29, 1996. Retrieved June 27, 2012.
- ^ "Canadian album certifications – TLC – CrazySexyCool". Music Canada. December 9, 1998. Retrieved June 27, 2012.
- ^ "Japanese album certifications – TLC – クレイジーセクシークール [CrazySexyCool]" (in Japanese). Recording Industry Association of Japan. Retrieved December 28, 2017. Select 1999年2月 on the drop-down menu
- ^ "Dutch album certifications – TLC – CrazySexyCool" (in Dutch). Nederlandse Vereniging van Producenten en Importeurs van beeld- en geluidsdragers. Retrieved August 23, 2018. Enter CrazySexyCool in the "Artiest of titel" box. Select 1995 in the drop-down menu saying "Alle jaargangen".
- ^ "New Zealand album certifications – TLC – CrazySexyCool". Recorded Music NZ. September 17, 1995. Retrieved January 5, 2012.
- ^ "British album certifications – TLC – CrazySexyCool". British Phonographic Industry. December 1, 1995. Retrieved January 4, 2022.
- ^ Caulfield, Keith (January 25, 2008). "Ask Billboard: One More for 'One More Time'?". Billboard. Archived from the original on January 2, 2019. Retrieved January 29, 2015.
- ^ "IFPI Platinum Europe Awards – 1996". International Federation of the Phonographic Industry. Retrieved June 27, 2012.