Astra 1E
| Mission type | Communications |
|---|---|
| Operator | SES |
| COSPAR ID | 1995-055A |
| SATCAT no. | 23686 |
| Website | https://www.ses.com/ |
| Mission duration | 15 years (planned) 19 years, 8 months (achieved) |
| Spacecraft properties | |
| Spacecraft type | Boeing 601 |
| Bus | HS-601 |
| Manufacturer | Hughes Space and Communications |
| Launch mass | 3,014 kg (6,645 lb) |
| Power | 4.7 kW |
| Start of mission | |
| Launch date | 19 October 1995, 00:38:00 UTC |
| Rocket | Ariane 42L H10-3 (V79) |
| Launch site | Centre Spatial Guyanais, ELA-2 |
| Contractor | Arianespace |
| Entered service | December 1995 |
| End of mission | |
| Disposal | Graveyard orbit |
| Deactivated | June 2015 |
| Orbital parameters | |
| Reference system | Geocentric orbit[1] |
| Regime | Geostationary orbit |
| Longitude | 19.2° East (1995-2007) 23.5° East (2007-2010) 5.2° East (2010-2012) 108.2° East (2012-2014) 31.5° East (2014-2015) 23° East (2015) |
| Transponders | |
| Band | 18 Ku-band |
| Bandwidth | FSS: 26 Mhz BSS: 33 MHz |
| Coverage area | Europe |
Astra 1E is one of the Astra communications satellites in geostationary orbit owned and operated by SES. It was launched in October 1995 to the Astra 19.2°E orbital slot initially to provide digital television and radio for direct-to-home (DTH) across Europe.
Astra 1E was the first Astra satellite to be dedicated to digital television broadcasting and it carried many of the first digital television channels from networks broadcasting to France, Germany, and other European countries in the 1990s.[citation needed]
The satellite originally provided two broadcast beams, of horizontal and vertical polarisation, for Fixed Service Satellite (FSS) (10.70-10.95 GHz) and for Broadcast Satellite Service (BSS) (11.70-12.10 GHz) frequency bands. The FSS beams provide footprints that cover essentially the same area of Europe – northern, central and eastern Europe, including Spain and northern Italy – while the BSS horizontal beam excludes Spain and extends further east, and the BSS vertical beam includes Spain and more of southern Italy but does not extend so far east.[2] Within the footprints, television signals are usually received with a 60–80 cm dish.
History
[edit]In October 2007, following the successful deployment of Astra 1L at 19.2° East, Astra 1E was moved to Astra's new DTH orbital position, 23.5° East[3] where it provided capacity for the transmission of new services including the ASTRA2Connect two-way satellite broadband Internet service which provides high speed internet access and Voice over IP (VoIP) without landline connection at up to 2 Mbit/s download speeds and 128 kbit/s upload [4] using four Ku-band transponders for both forward and return paths from the user's remote terminal.[5]
In May 2010, Astra 3B was launched to the 23.5° East position, coming into service in June 2010, at which time the services using Astra 1E were transferred to the new craft. In August 2010, Astra 1E left the 23.5° East position moving westwards, to the Astra 5°E position to provide backup for Astra 4A pending the launch of Astra 4B to that position in 2011. At 5° East, Astra 1E carried very little television traffic.[6] Following the launch of Astra 4B (renamed to SES-5) in February 2012,[7] Astra 1E was moved to 108.2° East, in inclined orbit and with no traffic, and then to 31.5° East in Summer 2013. It returned to 23° East in February 2015.[8]
in June 2015, the satellite was retired and was moved into a graveyard orbit above the geostationary belt, moving 5.4° West per day.[9][10]
See also
[edit]
- Astra 3B
- Astra 4A
- SES (operator)
- Astra satellite family
- ASTRA2Connect Internet service previously carried
References
[edit]- ^ "ASTRA 1E". N2YO.com. Retrieved 7 April 2021.
- ^ "Astra 1E". SES ASTRA. Archived from the original on 23 September 2008. Retrieved 19 September 2008.
- ^ "23.5° East is a new orbital slot for Direct to Home and ASTRA2Connect / ASTRA 1E replaces ASTRA 1D" (Press release). SES ASTRA. 23 October 2007. Retrieved 26 January 2012.
- ^ SES ASTRA "ASTRA2Connect Broadband and VoIP" (August 2008) SES Fact Sheet
- ^ "Astra 1E at 23.5° E". LyngSat. Archived from the original on 12 September 2008. Retrieved 19 September 2008.
- ^ "Astra 1E at 4.6° E". LyngSat. Archived from the original on 25 August 2010. Retrieved 4 October 2010.
- ^ "SES-4 Satellite Now Operational" (Press release). SES ASTRA. 18 April 2012. Retrieved 15 February 2013.
- ^ Real Time Satellite Tracking And Predictions Accessed February 27, 2015
- ^ Real Time Satellite Tracking And Predictions Accessed June 29, 2015
- ^ "Astra 1E, 1F". Gunter's Space Page. 11 December 2017. Retrieved 7 April 2021.
External links
[edit]- official SES website
- SES fleet information and map
- SES Astra website
- SES guide to channels broadcasting on Astra satellites (archived)
- Astra 1E FSS Horizontal beam footprint on SatBeams
- Astra 1E FSS Vertical beam footprint on SatBeams
- Astra 1E BSS Horizontal beam footprint on SatBeams
- Astra 1E BSS Vertical beam footprint on SatBeams