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Ali ibn Umar

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Ali II
علي الثاني
Emir of Morocco
Reign866–unknown
PredecessorYahya II ibn Yahya
SuccessorYahya III or Dawud
Names
Ali ibn Umar
DynastyIdrisid
FatherUmar ibn Idris
ReligionIslam

Ali ibn Umar (Arabic: علي بن عمر) was the seventh Idrisid ruler of Morocco.

Life

[edit]

Ali was a son of Umar, a younger son of the second Idrisid ruler, Idris II (r. 808–828).[1][2] Upon the death of Idris II, his father, Umar ibn Idris, had received rule over the Sanhaja and of the Ghumara Berbers, and was later rewarded with rule over Tangier for suppressing the revolts of two of his brothers, al-Qasim and Isa.[3] Umar died in September/October 835, and Ali was confirmed in full possession of his father's domains by Emir Muhammad ibn Idris.[3]

One of his daughters married his great-nephew, the sixth Idrisid emir, Yahya ibn Yahya.[4] Yahya died in uncertain circumstances in 866, whereupon a powerful citizen of the capital, Fes, Abd al-Rahman ibn Abi Sahl al-Judhami—whose family apparently already disputed rule of the city with Yahya's father—tried to seize power. Yahya's widow called upon her father for aid, and Ali succeeded in gaining control of Fes.[2][4]

At an unknown date during Ali's rule, a Sufri Kharijite leader, Abd al-Razzaq, launched a revolt in the mountains south of the capital. The rebellion spread, and Ali was forced to abandon Fes and flee to the Awraba Berbers.[4] Abd al-Razzaq was unable to take all of Fes, however, as the Qarawiyyin quarter on the left bank of the Fes river resisted him, and called upon Yahya ibn al-Qasim, Ali's paternal cousin, for aid.[4] Yahya managed to drive the rebels away, although his control over Fes was intermittent, and was challenged by a different branch of the Idrisid family, the descendants of his uncle, Isa ibn Idris.[2] In addition, in c. 877, another uncle, Dawud is attested as the ruler of Fes, based on an inscription at the al-Qarawiyyin mosque.[2]

Genealogy

[edit]
Idrisid dynasty

Emirs of Morocco
Caliphs of Córdoba
Emirs of Algericas
Emirs of Málaga

Abd al-Muttalib
ibn Hashim
Abu Talib ibn
Abd al-Muttalib
Abdullah ibn
Abd al-Muttalib
Muhammad
ibn Abd Allah
Ali ibn
Abi Talib
Fatima bint
Muhammad
al-Hasan
ibn Ali
al-Hasan
ibn al-Hasan
Abd Allah
ibn al-Hasan
Idris I
al-Akbar

r. 788-791
Idris II
r. 803-828
Muhammad I
r. 828-836
Umar ibn Idrisal-Qasim
ibn Idris
Dawud
r. c. 877
Ali I
r. 836-849
Yahya I
r. 849-863
Ali II
r. 866-?
Idris ibn UmarUbayd Allah
ibn Umar
Yahya III
r. ?-905
Muhammad
ibn al-Qasim
Yahya II
r. 863-866
Yahya IV
r. 905-922
Ali ibn
Ubayd Allah
al-Hasan I
al-Hajjam

r. 928–930
al-Qasim
Kanun

r. 937-949
Hammud
ibn Ali
Abu al-Aysh
Ahmad

r. 948-954
al-Hasan II
r. 954-974
Maymun
ibn Hammud
Hammud
ibn Maymun
al-Qasim
al-Ma'mun

r. 1018-1021,
1023
Ali al-Nasir
r. 1016-1018
Muhammad
al-Mahdi

r. 1035-1048
Idris I
al-Muta'ayyad

r. 1035-1039
Yahya I
al-Mu'tali

r. 1021-1023,
1025-1026
r. 1026-1035
al-Qasim
al-Wathiq

r. 1048-1054
Muhammad I
al-Mahdi

r. 1047-1053
Yahya II
al-Qa'im

r. 1039-1040
Idris II al-Ali
r. 1042-1047,
1053-1054/5
Hasan
al-Mustansir

r. 1040-1042
Idris III
al-Sami

r. 1053
Muhammad II
al-Musta'li

r. 1054/5
Abd Allah
ibn Idris
Muhammad
ibn Abd Allah
Muhammad
ibn Muhammad
al-Idrisi


References

[edit]
  1. ^ Eustache 1971, pp. 1035, 1036.
  2. ^ a b c d Benchekroun 2018.
  3. ^ a b Eustache 1971, p. 1035.
  4. ^ a b c d Eustache 1971, p. 1036.

Sources

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  • Benchekroun, Chafik T. (2018). "Idrīsids". In Fleet, Kate; Krämer, Gudrun; Matringe, Denis; Nawas, John; Rowson, Everett (eds.). Encyclopaedia of Islam (3rd ed.). Brill Online. doi:10.1163/1573-3912_ei3_COM_32374. ISSN 1873-9830.
  • Eustache, D. (1971). "Idrīsids". In Lewis, B.; Ménage, V. L.; Pellat, Ch. & Schacht, J. (eds.). The Encyclopaedia of Islam, Second Edition. Volume III: H–Iram. Leiden: E. J. Brill. pp. 1035–1037. doi:10.1163/1573-3912_islam_SIM_3495. OCLC 495469525.
Preceded by Idrisid emir of Morocco
866–unknown
Succeeded by