2016 in spaceflight
Highlights from spaceflight in 2016.[a] | |
Orbital launches | |
---|---|
First | 15 January |
Last | 28 December |
Total | 85 |
Successes | 82 |
Failures | 2 |
Partial failures | 1 |
Catalogued | 83 |
Rockets | |
Maiden flights | |
Retirements | |
Crewed flights | |
Orbital | 5 |
Total travellers | 14 |
EVAs | 4 |
Several new rockets and spaceports began operations in 2016.
Overview
[edit]Russia inaugurated the far-Eastern Vostochny Cosmodrome on 28 April 2016 with a traditional Soyuz-2.1a flight,[1] before expanding it for the Angara rocket family in the following years. The Chinese Long March 7 flew its maiden flight from the new Wenchang Satellite Launch Center on Hainan Island on 25 June, and the maiden flight of the Long March 5 took place on 3 November. Two years after its 2014 accident, the Antares rocket returned to flight on 17 October with its upgraded 230 version featuring the Russian RD-181 engine.
After many failed attempts, SpaceX began landing its Falcon 9 first stages on autonomous spaceport drone ships, edging closer to their long-stated goal of developing reusable launch vehicles. The company indicated that the recovered engines and structures did not suffer significant damage.[2] One of the landed boosters, B1021, launched in April 2016, was flown again in March 2017;[3] two others were converted to side boosters for the maiden flight of Falcon Heavy.[4]
The ExoMars mission, a collaboration between the European and Russian space agencies, was launched on 14 March and reached Mars on 19 October.[5] Dedicated to astrobiology investigations, this flight carried the ExoMars Trace Gas Orbiter, which reached Mars orbit, and the Schiaparelli EDM lander, which crashed upon landing. A subsequent flight scheduled for 2020 will carry the ExoMars Rosalind Franklin rover along with four static surface instruments.[6] Meanwhile, the Japanese space probe Akatsuki started its observations of Venus in May[7] after spending five months gradually adjusting its orbit. Planetary exploration activities took center stage with the orbit insertion of NASA's Juno probe at Jupiter on 4 July, followed by the launch of NASA's OSIRIS-REx mission to asteroid 101955 Bennu on 8 September. Finally, on 30 September, the Rosetta probe executed a slow crash-landing on comet 67P/Churyumov–Gerasimenko.[8][9]
Human spaceflights included the return of Scott Kelly and Mikhail Kornienko in March after a yearlong mission on the ISS, the longest-ever continuous stay by astronauts at the station. Kelly also set the record for the longest-duration stay of an American in orbit. Four ISS Expeditions numbered 47 to 50 were launched in 2016, the first one using the last Soyuz TMA-M spacecraft and the next three inaugurating the modernized Soyuz MS. Expedition 50 will continue into 2017. Several EVAs were performed to maintain the exterior of the ISS. The experimental BEAM inflatable habitat was attached to the ISS on 16 April and expanded on 28 May to begin two years of on-orbit tests. Meanwhile, China launched its new Tiangong-2 space laboratory in September, which was first visited by two astronauts for a month between 19 October and 17 November.
Orbital launches
[edit]Date and time (UTC) | Rocket | Flight number | Launch site | LSP | ||||
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Payload (⚀ = CubeSat) |
Operator | Orbit | Function | Decay (UTC) | Outcome | |||
Remarks | ||||||||
January[edit] | ||||||||
15 January 16:57:04 |
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Belarus | Geosynchronous | Communications | In orbit | Operational | |||
17 January 18:42:18 |
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F9-021 | ![]() |
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NOAA / EUMETSAT | Low Earth | Earth observation | In orbit | Operational | |||
Final flight of the standard Falcon 9 v1.1, future flights will use the upgraded Falcon 9 Full Thrust. Falcon 9's first stage performed a soft landing on an autonomous spaceport drone ship in the Pacific Ocean, but the failure of one landing leg to lock into position caused it to fall over and break apart.[10] | ||||||||
20 January 04:01:00 |
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C31 | ![]() |
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ISRO | Geosynchronous | Navigation | In orbit | Operational | |||
27 January 23:20:48 |
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VA228 | ![]() |
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Intelsat | Geosynchronous | Communications | In orbit | Spacecraft failure in 2019[11] | |||
29 January 22:20:09 |
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Eutelsat | Geosynchronous | Communications | In orbit | Operational | |||
Carries the first laser communication node for the European Data Relay System | ||||||||
February[edit] | ||||||||
1 February 07:29:04 |
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CNSA | Medium Earth | Navigation | In orbit | Operational | |||
5 February 13:38:00 |
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AV-057 | ![]() |
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US Air Force | Medium Earth | Navigation | In orbit | Operational | |||
7 February 00:21:07 |
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VKS | Medium Earth | Navigation | In orbit | Operational | |||
7 February 00:30 |
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KCST | Low Earth | Earth observation | 30 June 2023[13] | Successful | |||
10 February 11:40:32 |
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NRO | Retrograde LEO | Reconnaissance | In orbit | Operational | |||
NROL-45 mission. Spacecraft launched in a retrograde orbit. | ||||||||
16 February 17:57:40 |
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ESA | Low Earth (SSO) | Earth observation | In orbit | Operational | |||
17 February 08:45:00 |
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F30 | ![]() |
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JAXA / NASA | Low Earth | X-ray astronomy | In orbit | Spacecraft failure | |||
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Nagoya University | Low Earth | Radiation / Amateur radio | In orbit | Operational | |||
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MHI | Low Earth | Remote sensing / Space debris monitor | In orbit | Operational | |||
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Kyushu Institute of Technology | Low Earth | Technology demonstration | In orbit | Operational | |||
Hitomi malfunctioned after initial checkouts, and is believed to have lost attitude control and snapped off its solar array. 28 April, JAXA has abandoned efforts to recover the spacecraft.[15][16] | ||||||||
March[edit] | ||||||||
4 March 23:35:00 |
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F9-022 | ![]() |
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SES S.A. | Geosynchronous | Communications | In orbit | Operational | |||
High-velocity landing test ended with a hard landing on the drone ship Of Course I Still Love You and destruction of the first stage. | ||||||||
9 March 05:20:07 |
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VA229 | ![]() |
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Eutelsat | Geosynchronous | Communications | In orbit | Operational | |||
10 March 10:31:00 |
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C32 | ![]() |
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ISRO | Geosynchronous | Navigation | In orbit | Operational | |||
13 March 18:56:00 |
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Roscosmos | Low Earth (SSO) | Earth observation | 17 October 2023[17] | Partial spacecraft failure[18] | |||
The launch succeeded on its second attempt after a rare pad abort the day before. | ||||||||
14 March 09:31:42[6] |
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ESA | Areocentric orbit | Mars orbiter | In orbit | Operational | |||
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ESA | TMI to Martian Surface | Mars lander | 19 October 2016 | Landing failure | |||
Briz-M upper stage exploded after separation, apparently without damaging the orbiter or lander.[19] | ||||||||
18 March 21:26:38 |
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Roscosmos | Low Earth (ISS) | Expedition 47/48 | 7 September 2016 01:13 |
Successful | |||
Crewed flight with three cosmonauts. Final flight of the Soyuz TMA-M variant | ||||||||
23 March 03:05:52 |
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AV-064 | ![]() |
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Orbital ATK / NASA | Low Earth (ISS) | ISS logistics | 22 June 2016 13:29 |
Successful | |||
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DOST / TU | Low Earth | Earth observation | 6 April 2020[21] | Successful | |||
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Planet Labs | Low Earth | Earth observation | First: 3 October 2017[22] Last: 10 November 2018[23] |
Successful | |||
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Spire Global | Low Earth | Earth observation | First: 27 February 2017[24] Last: 7 April 2017[25] |
8 successful, 1 failed to deploy | |||
Anomaly in the mixture ratio control valve assembly, causing the Atlas V booster engine to cut off five seconds early, resulting in a longer-than-usual Centaur orbital insertion burn.[20] Cubesats deployed from the ISS and the Cygnus spacecraft at a later date. | ||||||||
24 March 09:42:00 |
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VKS | Low Earth (SSO) | Reconnaissance | In orbit | Operational | |||
29 March 20:11:04 |
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CNSA | IGSO | Navigation | In orbit | Operational | |||
31 March 16:23:57 |
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Roscosmos | Low Earth (ISS) | ISS logistics | 14 October 2016 13:39 |
Successful | |||
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Tomsk Polytechnic University | Low Earth | Technology demonstration | 20 October 2019[27] | Successful | |||
Tomsk-TPU-120 is a CubeSat deployed into orbit from ISS by Russian astronauts spacewalk on 17 August 2017.[26] | ||||||||
April[edit] | ||||||||
5 April 17:38:04 |
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CAS | Low Earth | Microgravity Science | 18 April 2016 08:30 |
Successful | |||
8 April 20:43:31 |
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F9-023 | ![]() |
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NASA | Low Earth (ISS) | ISS logistics | 11 May 2016 18:31 |
Successful | |||
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Bigelow Aerospace / NASA | Low Earth (ISS) | Technology demonstration / ISS Assembly | In orbit | Operational | |||
First stage landed successfully on drone ship Of Course I Still Love You for the first time, the second successful landing overall | ||||||||
25 April 21:02:13 |
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ESA | Low Earth (SSO) | Earth observation | In orbit | Operational | |||
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CNES | Low Earth (SSO) | Astrophysics | In orbit | Operational | |||
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Aalborg | Low Earth (SSO) | AIS ship tracking | 8 September 2023[28] | Successful | |||
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Polytechnic University of Turin | Low Earth (SSO) | Technology demonstration | In orbit | Operational | |||
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Liège | Low Earth (SSO) | Technology demonstration | In orbit | Operational | |||
28 April 02:01:21 |
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MSU | Low Earth (SSO) | Gamma-ray astronomy | 16 December 2023[29] | Satellite malfunction | |||
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SSAU | Low Earth (SSO) | Technology demonstration | In orbit | Operational | |||
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SSAU | Low Earth (SSO) | Technology demonstration | 4 March 2022[30] | Spacecraft failure | |||
First orbital flight from Vostochny Cosmodrome. | ||||||||
28 April 07:20:00 |
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C33 | ![]() |
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ISRO | Geosynchronous | Navigation | In orbit | Operational | |||
May[edit] | ||||||||
6 May 05:21:00 |
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F9-024 | ![]() |
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JSAT | Geosynchronous | Communications | In orbit | Operational | |||
First stage landed on Of Course I Still Love You drone ship, the third successful landing and the first landing with a payload to geostationary transfer orbit. | ||||||||
15 May 02:43 |
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CNSA | Low Earth (SSO) | Reconnaissance | In orbit | Operational | |||
24 May 08:48:43 |
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ESA | Medium Earth | Navigation | In orbit | Operational | |||
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ESA | Medium Earth | Navigation | In orbit | Operational | |||
27 May 21:39:00 |
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F9-025 | ![]() |
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Thaicom | Geosynchronous | Communications | In orbit | Operational | |||
First stage landed on Of Course I Still Love You drone ship, the fourth successful landing and the second landing with a payload to geostationary transfer orbit. | ||||||||
29 May 08:44:35 |
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VKS | Medium Earth | Navigation | In orbit | Spacecraft failure | |||
Kosmos 2516 experienced a depressurization event in November 2020, which permanently disabled the satellite after four years in operation. It was replaced by GLONASS-K 705.[31] | ||||||||
30 May 03:17:04 |
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CNSA | Low Earth (SSO) | Earth observation | In orbit | Operational | |||
![]() (Aleph-1 constellation)[32] |
Satellogic | Low Earth (SSO) | Earth observation | In orbit | Operational | |||
June[edit] | ||||||||
4 June 14:00:13 |
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VKS | Low Earth | Geodesy | In orbit | Operational | |||
9 June 07:10:00 |
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Intelsat / DirecTV | Geosynchronous | Communications | In orbit | Operational | |||
11 June 17:51:00 |
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NRO | Geosynchronous | Reconnaissance | In orbit | Operational | |||
NROL-37 mission. | ||||||||
12 June 15:30:04 |
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CNSA | Geosynchronous | Navigation | In orbit | Operational | |||
15 June 14:29:00 |
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F9-026 | ![]() |
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Eutelsat | Geosynchronous | Communications | In orbit | Operational | |||
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ABS | Geosynchronous | Communications | In orbit | Operational | |||
Satellites were successfully delivered to orbit, first stage landing on drone ship failed. | ||||||||
18 June 21:38:39 |
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VA230 | ![]() |
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EchoStar | Geosynchronous | Communications | In orbit | Operational | |||
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BRI | Geosynchronous | Communications | In orbit | Operational | |||
22 June 03:56:00 |
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C34 | ![]() |
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ISRO | Low Earth (SSO) | Earth observation | In orbit | Operational | |||
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DLR | Low Earth (SSO) | Earth observation | In orbit | Operational | |||
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GHGSat | Low Earth (SSO) | Earth observation | In orbit | Operational | |||
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LAPAN | Low Earth (SSO) | Earth observation | In orbit | Operational | |||
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CSA | Low Earth (SSO) | Communications | In orbit | Operational | |||
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Terra Bella | Low Earth (SSO) | Earth observation | In orbit | Operational | |||
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TU Berlin | Low Earth (SSO) | Technology demonstration | In orbit | Operational | |||
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Planet Labs | Low Earth (SSO) | Earth observation | First: 20 October 2022 Last: 28 March 2023[33] |
Successful | |||
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Sathyabama University | Low Earth (SSO) | Earth observation | In orbit | Operational | |||
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College of Engineering, Pune | Low Earth (SSO) | Technology demonstration | In orbit | Operational | |||
24 June 14:30:00 |
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AV-063 | ![]() |
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US Navy | GSO | Communications | In orbit | Operational in off-nominal but usable orbit[34] | |||
25 June 12:00:07 |
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Y1 | ![]() |
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CMSA | Low Earth | Technology demonstration Flight test |
26 June 2016 07:41 |
Successful | |||
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NPU | Low Earth | Technology demonstration | 29 September 2016 | Successful | |||
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CALT | Low Earth | Technology demonstration | 27 August 2016 | Successful | |||
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Low Earth | Technology demonstration | 27 August 2016 | Successful | ||||
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Low Earth | Technology demonstration | 24 August 2016 | Successful | ||||
Maiden flight of the Long March 7 rocket and the first launch from the Wenchang Satellite Launch Center.[35] | ||||||||
29 June 03:21:04 |
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CNSA | Low Earth | Technology demonstration | In orbit | Operational | |||
July[edit] | ||||||||
7 July 01:36:40 |
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Roscosmos | Low Earth (ISS) | Expedition 48/49 | 30 October 2016 03:58 |
Successful | |||
Crewed flight with three cosmonauts. Maiden flight of the modernized Soyuz MS spacecraft variant. | ||||||||
16 July 21:41:45 |
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Roscosmos | Low Earth (ISS) | ISS logistics | 1 February 2017 18:24 |
Successful | |||
18 July 04:45:29 |
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F9-027 | ![]() |
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NASA | Low Earth (ISS) | ISS logistics | 26 August 15:47 |
Successful | |||
Delivering the IDA-2 segment of the NASA Docking System. Second successful return to launch site and vertical landing of a first stage, demonstrated as part of a controlled descent test. | ||||||||
28 July 12:37:00 |
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AV-065 | ![]() |
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NRO | Geosynchronous[36] | Communications | In orbit | Operational | |||
August[edit] | ||||||||
5 August 16:22:04 |
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CAST | Geosynchronous | Communications | In orbit | Operational | |||
9 August 22:55:25 |
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CAST | Low Earth (SSO) | Earth observation | In orbit | Operational | |||
14 August 05:26:00 |
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F9-028 | ![]() |
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JSAT | Geosynchronous | Communications | In orbit | Operational | |||
15 August 17:40:04 |
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CAS | Low Earth (SSO) | Technology demonstration | In orbit | Operational | |||
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CAS | Low Earth (SSO) | Technology demonstration | 19 August 2016[38] | Spacecraft failure | |||
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UPC | Low Earth (SSO) | Technology demonstration | 18 December 2023[39] | Successful | |||
19 August 04:52:00 |
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US Air Force | Geosynchronous | Space surveillance | In orbit | Operational | |||
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US Air Force | Geosynchronous | Space surveillance | In orbit | Operational | |||
24 August 22:16:01 |
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VA232 | ![]() |
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Intelsat | Geosynchronous | Communications | In orbit | Operational[40] | |||
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Intelsat | Geosynchronous | Communications | In orbit | Operational | |||
31 August 18:50:00 |
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CAST | Low Earth (SSO) | Earth observation | 31 August 2016 | Launch failure | |||
September[edit] | ||||||||
3 September 07:00–09:00 (scheduled)[42] |
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Spacecom | Planned: Geosynchronous | Communications | N/A | Destroyed prior to launch[41] | |||
Launch pad explosion destroyed both the rocket and the satellite two days prior to scheduled launch, on 13:07, 1 September 2016 (UTC)[41] | .||||||||
8 September 11:20:00 |
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F05 | ![]() |
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ISRO | Geosynchronous | Meteorology | In orbit | Operational | |||
8 September 23:05:00 |
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AV-067 | ![]() |
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NASA | Heliocentric | Asteroid sample return | In orbit | Operational | |||
Reached asteroid Bennu in December 2018. Scheduled to return to Earth in September 2023. | ||||||||
13 September 14:38:00 |
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Israel Defense Forces | Low Earth | Reconnaissance | In orbit | Satellite malfunction[43] | |||
15 September 14:04:12 |
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T2 | ![]() |
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CMSA | Low Earth | Space station | 19 July 2019[44] 13:06 |
Successful | |||
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SAST | Low Earth | Technology demonstration | 15 July 2019[45] | Successful | |||
Second Chinese space laboratory, BanXing 2 deployed 22 October | ||||||||
16 September 01:43:35 |
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Peruvian Armed Forces | Low Earth (SSO) | Reconnaissance | In orbit | Operational | |||
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Terra Bella | Low Earth (SSO) | Earth observation | In orbit | Operational | |||
26 September 03:42:00 |
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C35 | ![]() |
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ISRO | Low Earth (SSO) | Meteorology | In orbit | Successful[46] | |||
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Algerian Space Agency | Low Earth (SSO) | Earth observation | In orbit | Operational | |||
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Algerian Space Agency | Low Earth (SSO) | Earth observation | In orbit | Operational | |||
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BlackSky Global | Low Earth (SSO) | Earth observation | In orbit | Operational | |||
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IIT Bombay | Low Earth (SSO) | Technology demonstration | In orbit | Operational | |||
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PES University | Low Earth (SSO) | Earth observation | In orbit | Operational | |||
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Algerian Space Agency | Low Earth (SSO) | Earth observation | In orbit | Operational | |||
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UTIAS Space Flight Laboratory | Low Earth (SSO) | Technology demonstration | 21 April 2022[47] | Successful | |||
Final launch of the original Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle PSLV-G configuration with S9 solid rocket motors. | ||||||||
October[edit] | ||||||||
5 October 20:30 |
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VA231 | ![]() |
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NBN | Geosynchronous | Communications | In orbit | Operational | |||
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ISRO | Geosynchronous | Communications | In orbit | Operational | |||
16 October 23:30 |
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Y11 | ![]() |
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CMSA | Low Earth | Docking with Tiangong-2 | 18 November 2016 06:15 |
Successful | |||
Crewed flight with two astronauts[48] | ||||||||
17 October 23:45 |
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NASA | Low Earth (ISS) | ISS logistics | 27 November 2016 23:36 |
Successful | |||
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Spire Global | Low Earth | Earth observation | In orbit | Operational | |||
CubeSats were deployed from the ISS and Cygnus spacecraft at a later date. | ||||||||
19 October 08:05 |
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Roscosmos | Low Earth (ISS) | Expedition 49/50 | 10 April 2017 11:20 |
Successful | |||
Crewed flight with three cosmonauts | ||||||||
November[edit] | ||||||||
2 November 06:20:00 |
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F31 | ![]() |
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JMA | Geosynchronous | Meteorology | In orbit | Operational | |||
3 November 12:42 |
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CNSA | Geosynchronous | Technology demonstration / Space rendezvous | In orbit | Operational | |||
Maiden flight of the Long March 5 rocket. Chinese state media claims Shijian-17 is a test of electric propulsion, though this is disputed by outside analysts tracking the satellite's unusual space rendezvous movements.[49][50] | ||||||||
9 November 23:42[51] |
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CAS | Low Earth (SSO) | X-ray pulsar-based navigation | In orbit | Operational | |||
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Changsha Gaoxinqu Tianyi Research Institute | Low Earth (SSO) | Technology demonstration | In orbit | Operational | |||
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Zhejiang LiTong Electronic Technology Co. | Low Earth (SSO) | Earth observation | In orbit | Operational | |||
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Low Earth (SSO) | Technology demonstration | In orbit | Operational | ||||
11 November 18:30 |
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AV-062 | ![]() |
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DigitalGlobe | Low Earth (SSO) | Earth observation | 30 November 2021 05:20[55] |
Spacecraft failure | |||
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M42 Technologies | Low Earth (SSO) | Calibration | In orbit | Operational | |||
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LANL | Low Earth (SSO) | Technology demonstration | In orbit | Operational | |||
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Aerospace | Low Earth (SSO) | Technology demonstration | In orbit | Operational | |||
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NASA Orbital Debris Program Office | Low Earth (SSO) | Calibration | In orbit | Operational | |||
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JHU/APL | Low Earth (SSO) | Technology demonstration / Earth observation | In orbit | Operational | |||
CubeSats deployed after WorldView-4 separation as part of NRO-sponsored ENTERPRISE mission. WorldView-4 experienced a failure in one of its control moment gyroscopes in January 2019, making the spacecraft unrecoverable.[54] | ||||||||
11 November 23:14 |
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SAST | Low Earth | Earth observation | In orbit | Operational | |||
17 November 13:06:48 |
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VA233 | ![]() |
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ESA | Medium Earth | Navigation | In orbit | Operational | |||
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ESA | Medium Earth | Navigation | In orbit | Operational | |||
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ESA | Medium Earth | Navigation | In orbit | Operational | |||
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ESA | Medium Earth | Navigation | In orbit | Operational | |||
First Galileo launch with Ariane 5 (8th overall), carrying Antonianna, Lisa, Kimberley, and Tijmen. | ||||||||
17 November 20:20:14 |
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Roscosmos | Low Earth (ISS) | Expedition 50/51/52 | 2 June 2017 | Successful | |||
Crewed flight with three cosmonauts. Peggy Whitson's mission was prolonged over Expedition 52 until September 2017. | ||||||||
19 November 23:42:00 |
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AV-069 | ![]() |
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NASA / NOAA | Geosynchronous | Meteorology | In orbit | Operational | |||
22 November 15:24:04 |
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CNSA | Geosynchronous | Communications | In orbit | Operational | |||
December[edit] | ||||||||
1 December 14:52 |
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Roscosmos | Planned: Low Earth (ISS) | ISS logistics | 1 December | Launch failure | |||
5 December 13:51:44 |
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Turkish Armed Forces | Low Earth (SSO) | Reconnaissance | In orbit | Operational | |||
7 December 04:54 |
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C36 | ![]() |
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ISRO | Low Earth (SSO) | Remote sensing | In orbit | Operational | |||
7 December 23:53 |
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US Air Force | Geosynchronous | Communications | In orbit | Operational | |||
9 December 13:26:47 |
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F6 | ![]() |
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JAXA | Low Earth (ISS) | ISS logistics | 5 February 2017 15:06 |
Successful | |||
⚀ ![]() |
UTokyo | Low Earth | Technology demonstration / Re-entry Demonstration | 15 May 2017[61] | Successful | |||
⚀ ![]() |
GAUSS Srl | Low Earth | TubeSat Deployment / Amateur radio | 8 September 2017[62] | Successful | |||
⚀ ![]() ![]() |
NTU / Kyutech | Low Earth | Technology demonstration | 1 November 2018[63] | Successful | |||
⚀ ![]() |
Kagawa University | Low Earth | Technology demonstration | 3 March 2018[64] | Successful | |||
⚀ ![]() |
Nakashimada Engineering Works / Tohoku University | Low Earth | Technology demonstration | 5 February 2017[65] | Successful | |||
⚀ ![]() |
University of Tsukuba | Low Earth | Technology demonstration | 3 January 2019[66] | Successful | |||
⚀ ![]() |
Waseda University | Low Earth | Technology demonstration | 6 October 2018[67] | Successful | |||
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Open Space Network | Low Earth | Technology demonstration | 11 January 2018[68] | Successful | |||
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Escola Municipal Presidente Tancredo de Almeida Neves/INPE | Low Earth | Technology demonstration | 18 October 2017[69] | Successful | |||
⚀ ![]() |
SJSU/UI | Low Earth | Technology demonstration | 29 July 2017[70] | Successful | |||
⚀ ![]() |
Spire Global | Low Earth | AIS | First: 15 April 2018[71] Last: 5 December 2018[72] |
Successful | |||
CubeSats to be deployed at a later date. Tancredo-1 and OSNSAT are carried inside TuPOD and to be deployed from it. STARS-C was deployed on 19 December 2016. ITF-2, WASEDA-SAT3, FREEDOM, EGG, AOBA-Velox III, and TuPOD were deployed on 16 January 2017.[56] Tancredo-1 and OSNSAT were released from TuPOD on 19 January 2017.[57] Lemur-2 and TechEdSat-5 were deployed on 6–7 March 2017.[58][59][60] | ||||||||
10 December 16:11:00 |
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CMA | Geosynchronous | Meteorology | In orbit | Operational | |||
15 December 13:37:21 |
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NASA | Low Earth | Meteorology | In orbit | Operational | |||
18 December 19:13 |
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AV-071 | ![]() |
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HughesNet | Geosynchronous | Communications | In orbit | Operational | |||
20 December 11:00 |
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Epsilon-2[73] | ![]() |
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JAXA | Medium Earth (elliptical) | Magnetospherics | In orbit | Operational | |||
21 December 19:22 |
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CAS | Low Earth (SSO) | Earth observation | In orbit | Operational | |||
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CAS | Low Earth (SSO) | Earth observation | In orbit | Operational | |||
21 December 20:30 |
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VA234 | ![]() |
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Star One | Geosynchronous | Communications | In orbit | Operational | |||
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JSAT | Geosynchronous | Communications | In orbit | Operational | |||
28 December 03:23:56 |
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Beijing Space View Technology | Low Earth (SSO) | Earth observation | In orbit | Partial launch failure; Operational | |||
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Beijing Space View Technology | Low Earth (SSO) | Earth observation | In orbit | Partial launch failure; Operational | |||
⚀ ![]() |
China Association for Science and Technology | Low Earth (SSO) | Technology demonstration | 18 February 2017[76] | Partial launch failure; Successful | |||
Launch vehicle problem deployed satellites in a lower than planned orbit. SuperView satellites raising their own orbits, but CubeSats cannot so may have short lifespan.[75] |
Suborbital flights
[edit]Date and time (UTC) | Rocket | Flight number | Launch site | LSP | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Payload (⚀ = CubeSat) |
Operator | Orbit | Function | Decay (UTC) | Outcome | ||
Remarks | |||||||
15 January 03:00:00 |
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TPU / TU / TU / KU / JAXA | Suborbital | Ionospheric research | 15 January | Successful | ||
Apogee: 161 kilometres (100 mi)[77] | |||||||
22 January | ![]() |
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Blue Origin | Suborbital | Test flight | 22 January | Successful | ||
Apogee: 101.7 kilometres (63.2 mi)[78] | |||||||
23 January 08:30 |
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DLR / ESA | Suborbital | Microgravity | 23 January | Successful | ||
Apogee: 252 kilometres (157 mi) | |||||||
28 January | ![]() |
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MDA | Suborbital | ABM target | 28 January | Successful | |||
Apogee: 300 kilometres (190 mi), CTV-02+ target | |||||||
28 January | ![]() |
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MDA | Suborbital | ABM test | 28 January | Successful | |||
CTV-02+, successful test flight, the CE-II kill vehicle performed scripted maneuvers to demonstrate performance of alternate divert thrusters. Upon entering terminal phase, the kill vehicle initiated a planned burn sequence to evaluate the alternate divert thrusters until fuel was exhausted, intentionally precluding an intercept. | |||||||
2 February 21:09 |
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SSC | Suborbital | Technology | 2 February | Successful | ||
Apogee: 138 kilometres (86 mi) | |||||||
21 February 07:34 |
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US Air Force | Suborbital | Test flight | 21 February | Successful | |||
GT217GM, Apogee: ~1,300 kilometres (810 mi) ? | |||||||
22 February 04:15 |
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LASP | Suborbital | Astronomy | 22 February | Successful | ||
Apogee: 309 kilometres (192 mi) | |||||||
26 February 07:01 |
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US Air Force | Suborbital | Test flight | 26 February | Successful | |||
GT218GM, Apogee: ~1,300 kilometres (810 mi) ? | |||||||
1 March 14:50 |
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West Virginia University | Suborbital | Technology experiments | 1 March | Successful | ||
Apogee: ~185 kilometers (115 mi)[79] | |||||||
7 March 12:05 |
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NASA Ames | Suborbital | Technology experiment | 7 March | Successful | ||
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Montana State University | Suborbital | Technology experiment | 7 March | Successful | ||
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Controlled Dynamics | Suborbital | Technology experiment | 7 March | Successful | ||
Apogee: ~159 kilometers (99 mi) | |||||||
7 March | ![]() |
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Indian Navy | Suborbital | Missile test | 7 March | Successful | |||
Apogee: 500 km? | |||||||
8 March | ![]() |
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IRGC | Suborbital | Missile test | 8 March | Successful | |||
Apogee: ~150 kilometres (93 mi) | |||||||
14 March | ![]() |
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IDRDL | Suborbital | Missile test | 14 March | Successful | |||
Apogee: ~500 kilometres (310 mi)? | |||||||
14 March | ![]() |
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US Navy | Suborbital | Missile test | 14 March | Successful | |||
Follow-on Commander's Evaluation Test 52 | |||||||
15 March | ![]() |
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US Navy | Suborbital | Missile test | 15 March | Successful | |||
Follow-on Commander's Evaluation Test 52 | |||||||
16 March | ![]() |
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US Navy | Suborbital | Missile test | 16 March | Successful | |||
Follow-on Commander's Evaluation Test 52 | |||||||
31 March | ![]() |
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Indian Navy | Suborbital | Missile test | 31 March | Successful | |||
First K-4 launch from a submarine[80] | |||||||
2 April 15:18 |
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Blue Origin | Suborbital | Test flight | 2 April | Successful | ||
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Southwest Research Institute | Suborbital | Microgravity experiment | 2 April | Successful | ||
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University of Central Florida | Suborbital | Microgravity experiment | 2 April | Successful | ||
Apogee: 103.8 kilometers (64.5 mi). Third successful booster landing of the same rocket.[81] | |||||||
19 April 06:41 |
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RVSN | Suborbital | Missile test | 19 April | Successful | |||
Yu-71 Hypersonic Vehicle Test, Apogee: 1,000 kilometres (620 mi)? | |||||||
26 April 17:00 |
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CSSAR | Suborbital | Environment monitoring | 26 April | Successful | ||
Apogee: 316 kilometres (196 mi) | |||||||
18 May 00:45 |
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DSTO | Suborbital | Technology | 18 May | Successful | ||
Apogee: 278 kilometres (173 mi) | |||||||
18 May 07:02 |
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MDA | Suborbital | Radar target | 18 May | Successful | |||
Medium Range Ballistic Missile Target, Aegis radar target FTX-21, apogee: 300 kilometres (190 mi)? | |||||||
25 May | ![]() |
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US Navy | Suborbital | Test flight | 25 May | Successful | |||
Apogee: 100 kilometres (62 mi)? | |||||||
26 May | ![]() |
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US Navy | Suborbital | Test flight | 26 May | Successful | |||
Apogee: 100 kilometres (62 mi)? | |||||||
1 June 19:00 |
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CU Boulder | Suborbital | SDO calibration | 1 June | Successful | ||
Apogee: 290 kilometres (180 mi) | |||||||
19 June 14:35 |
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Blue Origin | Suborbital | Test flight | 19 June | Successful | ||
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Purdue University School of Aeronautics and Astronautics | Suborbital | Microgravity experiment | 19 June | Successful | ||
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Louisiana State University | Suborbital | Microgravity experiment | 19 June | Successful | ||
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Braunschweig University of Technology | Suborbital | Microgravity experiment | 19 June | Successful | ||
Apogee: 101 kilometers (62.8 mi). Fourth successful booster landing of the same rocket. | |||||||
24 June 10:06 |
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CU Boulder | Suborbital | Student experiments | 24 June | Successful | ||
Apogee: ~119 kilometres (74 mi) | |||||||
30 June 09:43 |
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Oslo/Andøya | Suborbital | Atmospheric Science | 30 June | Successful | ||
Apogee: 115 kilometres (71 mi) | |||||||
? June | ![]() |
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Royal Navy | Suborbital | Missile test | ? June | Launch failure | |||
– | |||||||
1 July 07:18 |
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DGA/Marine nationale | Suborbital | Test flight | 1 July | Successful | |||
Apogee: 1,000 kilometres (620 mi)? | |||||||
8 July 13:01 |
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Oslo/Andøya | Suborbital | Atmospheric Science | 8 July | Successful | ||
Apogee: 117 kilometres (73 mi) | |||||||
11 July | ![]() |
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AFIRI | Suborbital | Missile test | 11 July | Launch failure | |||
19 July 04:05 |
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DLR | Suborbital | Technology | 19 July | Successful | ||
Apogee: 182 kilometres (113 mi) | |||||||
27 July 18:26 |
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NASA/MSFC | Suborbital | Solar research | 27 July | Spacecraft failure | ||
Apogee: 250 kilometres (160 mi) | |||||||
17 August 11:33 |
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University of Colorado Boulder | Suborbital | Student Research | 17 August | Successful | ||
Apogee: ~153 kilometres (95 mi) | |||||||
25 August | ![]() |
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RVSN | Suborbital | Missile test | 25 August | Launch failure | |||
31 August | ![]() |
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US Navy | Suborbital | Missile test | 31 August | Successful | |||
5 September 09:10 |
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US Air Force | Suborbital | Test flight | 5 September | Successful | |||
GT219GM, Apogee: ~1,300 kilometres (810 mi) ? | |||||||
9 September | ![]() |
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RVSN | Suborbital | Missile test | 9 September | Successful | |||
27 September | ![]() |
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VMF | Suborbital | Missile test | 27 September | Successful | |||
27 September | ![]() |
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VMF | Suborbital | Missile test | 27 September | Launch failure? | |||
The second missile self destroyed "after completing the first phase of the flight", maybe intentional. It appears to be a normal practice in salvo launches. The missile probably carried mockups instead of working upper stages and warheads to save money. | |||||||
5 October 15:37 |
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Blue Origin | Suborbital | Test flight | 5 October | Successful | ||
In-flight escape test 45 seconds after launch. Booster unexpectedly survived and reached an apogee of 93.7 kilometres (58.2 mi) before completing its fifth successful landing. | |||||||
12 October | ![]() |
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VMF | Suborbital | Missile test | 12 October | Successful | |||
12 October | ![]() |
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VMF | Suborbital | Missile test | 12 October | Successful | |||
12 October | ![]() |
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RVSN | Suborbital | Missile test | 12 October | Successful | |||
25 October 08:58 |
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RVSN | Suborbital | Missile test | 25 October | Successful | |||
Yu-71 Hypersonic Vehicle Test, Apogee: 1,000 kilometres (620 mi)? | |||||||
22 November | ![]() |
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IDRDL | Suborbital | Missile test | 22 November | Successful | |||
Apogee: ~500 kilometres (310 mi)? | |||||||
6 December | ![]() |
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IRGC | Suborbital | Missile test | 6 December | Successful | |||
Apogee: ~150 kilometres (93 mi) | |||||||
8 December | ![]() |
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PLA | Suborbital | ABM target | 8 December | Successful | |||
Target | |||||||
8 December | ![]() |
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PLA | Suborbital | ABM test | 8 December | Successful | |||
Interceptor | |||||||
15 December | ![]() |
FTM-27 | ![]() |
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MDA | Suborbital | ABM target | 15 December | Successful | |||
FTM-27 target, successfully intercepted by two SM-6 missiles in low altitude | |||||||
15 December 16:15 |
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US Army | Suborbital | Missile test | 15 December | Successful | |||
Apogee: 80 kilometres (50 mi)? | |||||||
26 December 05:35 |
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DRDO | Suborbital | Missile test | 26 December | Successful | |||
Apogee: ~800 kilometres (500 mi) |
Deep space rendezvous
[edit]![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Wikinews-logo.svg/40px-Wikinews-logo.svg.png)
Date (UTC) | Spacecraft | Event | Remarks |
---|---|---|---|
14 January | Mars Express | Flyby of Phobos | Closest approach: 53 kilometres (33 mi).[82] |
15 January[83] | Cassini | 116th flyby of Titan | Closest approach: 3,817 kilometres (2,372 mi). |
31 January | Cassini | 117th flyby of Titan | Closest approach: 1,400 kilometres (870 mi). |
16 February | Cassini | 118th flyby of Titan | Closest approach: 1,018 kilometres (633 mi). |
4 April | Cassini | 119th flyby of Titan | Closest approach: 990 kilometres (615 mi). |
6 May | Cassini | 120th flyby of Titan | Closest approach: 971 kilometres (603 mi). |
7 June | Cassini | 121st flyby of Titan | Closest approach: 975 kilometres (606 mi). |
4 July[84] | Juno | Orbit injection around Jupiter (jovicentric) | First solar-powered Jovian probe, second orbiter. |
4 July | Mars Express | Flyby of Phobos | Closest approach: 350 kilometres (220 mi). |
25 July | Cassini | 122nd flyby of Titan | Closest approach: 976 kilometres (606 mi). |
10 August | Cassini | 123rd flyby of Titan | Closest approach: 1,599 kilometres (994 mi). |
27 August | Juno | 1st perijove of Jupiter | Closest approach: 2,600 kilometres (1,600 mi).[85] |
26 September | Cassini | 124th flyby of Titan | Closest approach: 1,737 kilometres (1,079 mi). |
30 September | Rosetta | Landing on 67P/Churyumov–Gerasimenko | Probe was programmed to deactivate its thrusters and radio transmissions after landing. |
19 October | Trace Gas Orbiter (ExoMars 2016) | Orbit injection around Mars (areocentric) | |
19 October | Schiaparelli (ExoMars 2016) | Landing on Mars, Meridiani Planum | Probe entered Martian atmosphere intact, but contact was lost 50 seconds before expected landing.[86] NASA's MRO later identified the Schiaparelli crash site at coordinates 2°03′S 6°14′W / 2.05°S 6.24°W, confirming the loss of the lander.[87] |
19 October | Juno | 2nd perijove | Period Reduction Maneuver[88] originally planned, but delayed due to valve issues.[89] The maneuver was later cancelled entirely in favor of remaining in a 53-day orbit.[90] |
13 November | Cassini | 125th flyby of Titan | Closest approach: 1,582 kilometres (983 mi). |
16 November | Mars Express | Flyby of Phobos | Closest approach: 127 kilometres (79 mi). |
29 November | Cassini | 126th flyby of Titan | Closest approach: 3,223 kilometres (2,003 mi). |
11 December | Juno | 3rd perijove |
Extra-vehicular activities (EVAs)
[edit]Start date/time | Duration | End time | Spacecraft | Crew | Remarks |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
15 January 13:48 |
4 hours 43 minutes | 18:31 | Expedition 46 ISS Quest |
Replaced a failed voltage regulator responsible for shutting down one of the station's eight power channels in November 2015, and routed cables in support of the installation of the International Docking Adaptor. EVA terminated two hours early due to water leakage in Kopra's helmet, but the primary task was accomplished.[91] | |
3 February 12:55 |
4 hours 45 minutes | 17:40 | Expedition 46 ISS Pirs |
Deployed a commemorative flash drive, took samples of module exteriors, installed handrails for use in future EVAs, retrieved an astrobiology experiment, deployed a materials science experiment, and tested a tool for applying coatings to module exteriors.[92] | |
19 August 12:04 |
5 hours 58 minutes | 18:02 | Expedition 48 ISS Quest |
The astronauts installed the International Docking Adapter (IDA) which was delivered by Dragon CRS-9, allowing future commercial crew spacecraft to dock with the station. This first IDA was attached to Harmony's forward port, over the existing Pressurized Mating Adapter (PMA).[93][94] The EVA terminated after completing the primary objective, without completing the secondary objectives, due to a malfunction of the right earphone of Jeff Williams. | |
1 September 11:53 |
6 hours 48 minutes | 18:41 | Expedition 48 ISS Quest |
The crew retracted a thermal radiator which is a backup, and then installed the first pair of several high-definition cameras to monitor the traffic around the station. Then they have performed some maintenance operations.[95] |
Space debris events
[edit]Date/Time (UTC) | Source object | Event type | Pieces tracked | Remarks |
---|---|---|---|---|
26 March 01:42[96] | Hitomi | Satellite breakup | 10[97] | JAXA lost communications with the freshly launched telescope during its early commissioning phase. Meanwhile, JspOC observed 5 then 10 pieces of debris diverging from the satellite, one of them comparably sized to the main spacecraft by radar signature.[98]
Hitomi itself went into a tumble and sent short intermittent communications. The tumble was caused by a failure of the inertial reference unit mistakenly reporting the spacecraft to be spinning. As the attitude control system attempted to correct the non-existent spin, the unnecessary correction itself is believed to have caused the subsuqent failures, ultimately leading to the loss of the spacecraft, 28 April. [99][100][16] In a twist of fate, one of the secondary payloads traveling with Hitomi was ChubuSat-3, a microsatellite dedicated to monitoring global warming effects and space debris.[101] |
1 June 09:20 [102] | SL-12 R/B (#33473) | Booster breakup | 20+ [102] | An ullage motor, part of a Russian Proton-M rocket that was launched in December 2008, exploded for unknown reasons.[103] |
Orbital launch statistics
[edit]By country
[edit]For the purposes of this section, the yearly tally of orbital launches by country assigns each flight to the country of origin of the rocket, not to the launch services provider or the spaceport. For example, Soyuz launches by Arianespace in Kourou are counted under Russia because Soyuz-2 is a Russian rocket.
Country | Launches | Successes | Failures | Partial failures |
Remarks | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
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22 | 20 | 1 | 1 | ||
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9 | 9 | 0 | 0 | ||
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7 | 7 | 0 | 0 | ||
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1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | ||
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4 | 4 | 0 | 0 | ||
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1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | ||
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19 | 18 | 1 | 0 | Includes two European Soyuz launches from Kourou, French Guiana by Arianespace | |
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22 | 22 | 0 | 0 | +1 pre-launch failure (AMOS 6 / Falcon 9) | |
World | 85 | 82 | 2 | 1 |
By rocket
[edit]By family
[edit]Family | Country | Launches | Successes | Failures | Partial failures | Remarks |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Antares | ![]() |
1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | |
Ariane | ![]() |
7 | 7 | 0 | 0 | |
Atlas | ![]() |
8 | 8 | 0 | 0 | |
Delta | ![]() |
4 | 4 | 0 | 0 | |
Epsilon | ![]() |
1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | |
Falcon | ![]() |
8 | 8 | 0 | 0 | 1 Pre-launch failure |
GSLV | ![]() |
1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | |
H-II | ![]() |
3 | 3 | 0 | 0 | |
Long March | ![]() |
22 | 20 | 1 | 1 | |
Pegasus | ![]() |
1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | |
PSLV | ![]() |
6 | 6 | 0 | 0 | |
R-7 | ![]() |
14 | 13 | 1 | 0 | |
Shavit | ![]() |
1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | |
Unha | ![]() |
1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | |
Universal Rocket | ![]() |
5 | 5 | 0 | 0 | |
Vega | ![]() |
2 | 2 | 0 | 0 |
By type
[edit]Rocket | Country | Family | Launches | Successes | Failures | Partial failures | Remarks |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Antares 200 | ![]() |
Antares | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | Maiden Flight |
Ariane 5 | ![]() |
Ariane | 7 | 7 | 0 | 0 | |
Atlas V | ![]() |
Atlas | 8 | 8 | 0 | 0 | |
Delta IV | ![]() |
Delta | 4 | 4 | 0 | 0 | |
Epsilon | ![]() |
Epsilon | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | |
Falcon 9 | ![]() |
Falcon | 8 | 8 | 0 | 0 | 1 Pre-launch failure |
GSLV | ![]() |
GSLV | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | |
H-IIA | ![]() |
H-II | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 | |
H-IIB | ![]() |
H-II | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | |
Long March 2 | ![]() |
Long March | 8 | 7 | 0 | 1 | |
Long March 3 | ![]() |
Long March | 7 | 7 | 0 | 0 | |
Long March 4 | ![]() |
Long March | 4 | 3 | 1 | 0 | |
Long March 5 | ![]() |
Long March | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | Maiden flight |
Long March 7 | ![]() |
Long March | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | Maiden flight |
Long March 11 | ![]() |
Long March | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | |
Pegasus XL | ![]() |
Pegasus | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | |
Proton | ![]() |
Universal Rocket | 3 | 3 | 0 | 0 | |
PSLV | ![]() |
PSLV | 6 | 6 | 0 | 0 | |
Shavit | ![]() |
Shavit | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | |
Soyuz | ![]() |
R-7 | 6 | 5 | 1 | 0 | |
Soyuz-2 | ![]() |
R-7 | 8 | 8 | 0 | 0 | |
Unha | ![]() |
Unha | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | |
UR-100 | ![]() |
Universal Rocket | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 | |
Vega | ![]() |
Vega | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 |
By configuration
[edit]Rocket | Country | Type | Launches | Successes | Failures | Partial failures | Remarks |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Antares 230 | ![]() |
Antares 200 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | Maiden Flight |
Ariane 5 ECA | ![]() |
Ariane 5 | 6 | 6 | 0 | 0 | |
Ariane 5 ES | ![]() |
Ariane 5 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | |
Atlas V 401 | ![]() |
Atlas V | 3 | 3 | 0 | 0 | |
Atlas V 411 | ![]() |
Atlas V | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | |
Atlas V 421 | ![]() |
Atlas V | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | |
Atlas V 431 | ![]() |
Atlas V | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | Final flight |
Atlas V 541 | ![]() |
Atlas V | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | |
Atlas V 551 | ![]() |
Atlas V | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | |
Delta IV Medium+ (4,2) | ![]() |
Delta IV | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | |
Delta IV Medium+ (5,2) | ![]() |
Delta IV | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | |
Delta IV Medium+ (5,4) | ![]() |
Delta IV | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | |
Delta IV Heavy | ![]() |
Delta IV | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | |
Epsilon | ![]() |
Epsilon | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | |
Falcon 9 v1.1 | ![]() |
Falcon 9 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | Final flight |
Falcon 9 Full Thrust | ![]() |
Falcon 9 | 7 | 7 | 0 | 0 | 1 Pre-launch failure |
GSLV Mk II | ![]() |
GSLV | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | |
H-IIA 202 | ![]() |
H-IIA | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 | |
H-IIB | ![]() |
H-IIB | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | |
Long March 2D | ![]() |
Long March 2 | 6 | 5 | 0 | 1 | |
Long March 2F/G | ![]() |
Long March 2 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 | |
Long March 3A | ![]() |
Long March 3 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | |
Long March 3B/E | ![]() |
Long March 3 | 3 | 3 | 0 | 0 | |
Long March 3C/E | ![]() |
Long March 3 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 | |
Long March 3C/E / YZ-1 | ![]() |
Long March 3 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | |
Long March 4B | ![]() |
Long March 4 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 | |
Long March 4C | ![]() |
Long March 4 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 0 | |
Long March 5 / YZ-2 | ![]() |
Long March 5 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | Maiden flight |
Long March 7 / YZ-1A | ![]() |
Long March 7 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | Maiden flight |
Long March 11 | ![]() |
Long March 11 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | |
Pegasus XL | ![]() |
Pegasus XL | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | |
Proton-M / Briz-M | ![]() |
Proton | 3 | 3 | 0 | 0 | |
PSLV-G | ![]() |
PSLV | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | |
PSLV-XL | ![]() |
PSLV | 5 | 5 | 0 | 0 | |
Rokot / Briz-KM | ![]() |
UR-100 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 | |
Shavit-2 | ![]() |
Shavit | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | |
Soyuz-2.1a or ST-A | ![]() |
Soyuz-2 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 | |
Soyuz-2.1a or ST-A / Fregat-M | ![]() |
Soyuz-2 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | |
Soyuz-2.1a / Volga | ![]() |
Soyuz-2 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | Maiden flight |
Soyuz-2.1b or ST-B | ![]() |
Soyuz-2 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | |
Soyuz-2.1b or ST-B / Fregat-M | ![]() |
Soyuz-2 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 | |
Soyuz-2.1b or ST-B / Fregat-MT | ![]() |
Soyuz-2 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | |
Soyuz-FG | ![]() |
Soyuz | 4 | 4 | 0 | 0 | |
Soyuz-U | ![]() |
Soyuz | 2 | 1 | 1 | 0 | |
Unha-3 | ![]() |
Unha | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | |
Vega | ![]() |
Vega | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 |
By spaceport
[edit]Site | Country | Launches | Successes | Failures | Partial failures | Remarks |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Baikonur | ![]() |
11 | 10 | 1 | 0 | |
Cape Canaveral | ![]() |
18 | 18 | 0 | 0 | 1 Pre-launch failure |
Jiuquan | ![]() |
9 | 9 | 0 | 0 | |
Kourou | ![]() |
11 | 11 | 0 | 0 | |
MARS | ![]() |
1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | |
Palmachim | ![]() |
1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | |
Plesetsk | ![]() |
5 | 5 | 0 | 0 | |
Satish Dhawan | ![]() |
7 | 7 | 0 | 0 | |
Sohae | ![]() |
1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | |
Taiyuan | ![]() |
4 | 2 | 1 | 1 | |
Tanegashima | ![]() |
3 | 3 | 0 | 0 | |
Uchinoura | ![]() |
1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | |
Vandenberg | ![]() |
3 | 3 | 0 | 0 | |
Vostochny | ![]() |
1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | First launch |
Wenchang | ![]() |
2 | 2 | 0 | 0 | First launch |
Xichang | ![]() |
7 | 7 | 0 | 0 | |
Total | 85 | 82 | 2 | 1 |
By orbit
[edit]- Transatmospheric
- Low Earth
- Low Earth (ISS)
- Low Earth (SSO)
- Low Earth (retrograde)
- Medium Earth
- Geosychronous
(transfer) - Inclined GSO
- High Earth
- Heliocentric
Orbital regime | Launches | Achieved | Not achieved | Accidentally achieved |
Remarks |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Transatmospheric | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
Low Earth | 43 | 42 | 2 | 0 | Including 11 to ISS (+1 failed), 1 to Tiangong-2 |
Geosynchronous / transfer | 32 | 32 | 0 | 0 | |
Medium Earth | 8 | 8 | 0 | 0 | |
High Earth | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
Heliocentric orbit | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 | Including planetary transfer orbits |
Total | 85 | 83 | 2 | 0 |
References
[edit]- Bergin, Chris. "NASASpaceFlight.com".
- Clark, Stephen. "Spaceflight Now".
- Kelso, T.S. "Satellite Catalog (SATCAT)". CelesTrak.[dead link]
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Notes
- ^ Clockwise from top:
- The first ever landing of a Falcon 9 Full Thrust first stage on an autonomous spaceport drone ship, during Falcon 9 Flight 23 in April.
- The impact site of Schiaparelli on Meridiani Planum, viewed by the Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter in October. The lander's retro-rockets failed during descent, and accidentally impacted Mars at an estimated speed of 540 kilometres per hour (340 mph).
- Juno observes Jupiter's southern aurora during its first science orbit in August, seven weeks after its partially successful orbital insertion around the planet. Following an engine failure in its second orbit, the spacecraft remained in a larger orbit than intended for its prime mission.
- Image of Tiangong-2, China's 2nd space laboratory, undergoing ground testing.
- Maiden flight of Long March 5, the first Heavy-lift launch vehicle rocket launched in Asia
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