1992 Sierra Leonean coup d'état
| 1992 Sierra Leonean coup d'état | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 Map of Sierra Leone. | |||||||
| |||||||
| Belligerents | |||||||
 Government of Sierra Leone | Military faction | ||||||
| Commanders and leaders | |||||||
|
Joseph Saidu Momoh Yahya Kanu (unclear) |
Valentine Strasser Sahr Sandy Solomon Musa Tom Nyuma Komba Mondeh Julius Maada Bio Komba Kambo | ||||||
The 1992 Sierra Leonean coup d'état was a coup d'état against the government of Sierra Leone by a group of young military officers led by 25-year-old Captain Valentine Strasser on 29 April 1992. Strasser took control of the government, deposing President Joseph Saidu Momoh.
Background
[edit]Sierra Leone had been governed since 1968 by the All People's Congress, which, after a constitutional referendum in 1978 suspected of being rigged,[1] had become the sole legal party. Corruption and mismanagement had run rampant, both under Momoh[2] and his predecessor, Siaka Stevens.[3]
In March 1991, the country was plunged into the Sierra Leone Civil War, pitting the government against the invading Revolutionary United Front, under the command of Foday Sankoh.[3] Front-line government soldiers were poorly supplied and fed,[2][3] and some complained they had not been paid for three months.[4] Captain Strasser witnessed the deplorable conditions firsthand, being assigned to a unit fighting the rebels.[3] When he received a shrapnel wound, he became disgruntled when he found he could not be evacuated.[3]
The coup
[edit]Strasser and other junior officers organised a coup.[2][3] They took a convoy to Freetown, the capital, and seized the State House, where Momoh's office was located, though Momoh had not yet arrived.[4] The State House was briefly recovered by loyal troops, but soon fell back into the mutineers' hands.[4] When Momoh was found, he was sent into exile by helicopter to Guinea.[3]
Results
[edit]Joseph Opala, an American historian who had spent much of his adult life in the country, was rounded up and dispatched to the American ambassador to see if the US government would recognise the new regime.[3] African-American ambassador Johnny Young stated that, while it was not generally done, an exception would be made in this case because the previous government had not been democratically elected and also because of the desperate state of the country.[3]
Banning all political parties, the National Provisional Ruling Council was formed as the new government.[5] Parliament was dissolved.[5]
See also
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ Bangura, Joseph J.; Mustapha, Marda (2016-04-29). Democratization and Human Security in Postwar Sierra Leone. Palgrave Macmillan US. p. 22. ISBN 9781137486745.
- ^ a b c Anne M. Simmons (13 May 2000). "Background: Sierra Leone". Los Angeles Times.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i Akam, Simon (2 February 2012). "The vagabond king". New Statesman.
- ^ a b c Michelle Faul (30 April 1992). "Sierra Leone Chief Ousted In Military Coup -- President Flees; Officers Claim Control". The Seattle Times. Associated Press.
- ^ a b United States Department of State (31 January 1993). "Sierra Leone Human Rights Practices, 1993". Archived from the original on 2011-12-28. Retrieved 2016-11-03.
External links
[edit]- Abstract of "The Military and Civil Society in Sierra Leone: The 1992 Military Coup d'Etat" by C Magbaily Fyle in African Development (full article available with JSTOR login)
