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two valves aligned. In many brachiopods, a stalk-like pedicle projects from an opening near the hinge of one of the valves, known as the pedicle or ventral...

valves articulate, inner areas above the hinge line that slope inwardly from the beak of each valve, and a well-developed spondylium on the pedicle valve...

wing-like appearance. The apex area (umbo) of the pedicle valve contains a small fold for the pedicle. Mucrospirifer lived in muddy marine sediments, and...

the pedicle valve usually overlaps that of the brachial valve, in order to allow the shell to open and close. There is usually a functional pedicle although...

dorsal, or brachial valve hosts the brachial system which supports feeding structures, while the rear end of the ventral, or pedicle valve sends out a fleshy...

the smaller brachial (dorsal) valve dished in and the larger pedicle (ventral) valve broadly arched. The brachial valve has a rather prominent interarea...

with two stacked components (valves): a ventral (pedicle) valve which hosts the fleshy pedicle, and a dorsal (brachial) valve which acts as a platform for...

or less distinct fold and sulcus and a round opening for the pedicle on the pedicle valve. Composita is included in the family Athyrididae (Order Athyridida)...

pedunculate valve is slightly convex, but oftentimes levels out or becomes slightly concave toward the anterior margin (opposite the hinge and pedicle). The...

ventral valves have significantly different origins; the dorsal (branchial) valve is secreted by dorsal epithelia, whereas the ventral (pedicle) valve corresponds...

Holmer, L. E.; Caron, J. B. (2006). "A spinose stem group brachiopod with pedicle from the Middle Cambrian Burgess Shale". Acta Zoologica. 87 (4): 273. doi:10...

(or punctae). The larger valve (pedicle valve or ventral valve) has a fairly short stump beak (or subtruncate). The pedicle opening (or foramen) is large...

characterized by a smooth oval shell and a prominent incurved beak on the pedicle valve. Meristella is placed in the family Meristellidae of the articulate...

to the earliest Ordovician exhibit shells with rounded and pointed pedicle valves, with sharp to obtuse extremities and ridges that are fine to course...

fleshy stalk (or pedicle) that extends from the tail (or posterior) end of the shell. This shell has two nearly identical tan or bronze valves, that are often...

Member. Numerous specimens. A spiniferidan. ?Z. sp. 14.5 km east of Mina, Nevada. Probably Lower Member. A pedicle valve (UMIP 6952). A spiniferidan....

Cyrtospirifer verneuili, 24mm long and about 60mm wide, brachial valve pedicle valve lateral posterior anterior C. glaucus = Regelia glauca Rémy Gourvennec...

F. mauiensis occurs in Hawaii. Frenulina sanguinolenta, pedicle valve, 11mm brachial valve lateral view Bittner, Maria A. (2007). "Shallow water brachiopod...

adult loop teloform. Dallina septigera, brachial valve, 24mm long, near the Philippines pedicle valve anterior view interior view lateral view Nine extant...

rounded outlines and prominent beaks but almost no inner areas on the pedicle valve. Athyridids began early in the Silurian, reached their greatest diversity...