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Valeriana umbilicata

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Valeriana umbilicata

Apparently Secure  (NatureServe)
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Asterids
Order: Dipsacales
Family: Caprifoliaceae
Genus: Valeriana
Species:
V. umbilicata
Binomial name
Valeriana umbilicata
(Sull.) Christenh. & Byng (2018)
Synonyms[1]
  • Fedia radiata var. umbilicata (Sull.) Porter
  • Fedia umbilicata Sull.
  • Valerianella radiata var. umbilicata (Sull.)
  • Valerianella umbilicata (Sull.) Alph.Wood
  • Valerianella woodsiana var. umbilicata (Sull.) A.Gray

Valeriana umbilicata (synonym Valerianella umbilicata), known by the common name navel cornsalad.[1] It is a dicot, annual plant in the flowering plant family Caprifoliaceae. It is native to the Eastern North America and some parts of Canada and has no known uses other than being edible.[2]

Description

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Navel cornsalad is an herbaceous succulent annual plant.[3] It has dichotomously branched leaves that are attached along the stem rather than attached at the base. The leaves are spatulate, or "spoon-like" and are attached directly to the stem without a petiole. [3] It can be anywhere between 3-6 dm tall. The petals are either white or pink to red,[4] and range from 2-5 mm long. The pollen bearing organs project out strongly. They are rare and found in fields, roadsides, and waste places.[3]

Distribution and habitat

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Valeriana umbilicata is native to CAN N and L48 N (lower 48 states)[2] and has a known distribution that includes specimens from the central Piedmont to the southern Mountains. This species appears to be absent from the northern mountains and the Piedmont foothills.[5] V. umbilicata is rare and lives in damp and open environments. It thrives in disturbed areas such as damp meadows, bottomland openings, roadsides,[5] marshes, and fields.[4]

Human disturbances such as development, deforestation, and changes must be avoided by the Valerianella umbilicata species. This species has minimal comprehensive habitat information.[6]

Uses

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This species of cornsalad is not known to be used by wildlife and has no known medical uses,[7] but it can be eaten as a vegetable.[8]

Conservation status

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The global ranking on conservation status is G4-G5.[6][9] There is no US status,[6] however individual states have included a state rank. In Michigan, V. umbilicata is threatened (T) and legally protected by the state and holds a state rank of S2 - Imperiled.[6] North Carolina's state rank is SH - Endangered.[10] New Jersey's state rank is SH - Endangered.[2]

References

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  1. ^ a b "Valeriana umbilicata (Sull.) Alph.Wood". Plants of the World Online. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Retrieved 14 April 2024.
  2. ^ a b c "USDA Plants Database". plants.usda.gov. Retrieved 2022-04-13.
  3. ^ a b c Radford, Albert E.; Ahles, Harry E.; Bell, C. Ritchie (1968). Manual of the Vascular Flora of the Carolinas. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press. pp. 997–998. ISBN 0-8078-1087-8. OCLC 355003.
  4. ^ a b "Valerianella umbilicata (navel corn-salad): Go Botany". gobotany.nativeplanttrust.org. Retrieved 2022-04-13.
  5. ^ a b "Vascular Plants of North Carolina". auth1.dpr.ncparks.gov. Retrieved 2022-04-13.
  6. ^ a b c d "Valerianella umbilicata (Corn salad) - Michigan Natural Features Inventory". mnfi.anr.msu.edu. Retrieved 2022-04-13.
  7. ^ Les, Donald H. (2017-09-01), "Dicotyledons II", Aquatic Dicotyledons of North America, Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press, pp. 45–86, doi:10.1201/9781315118116-3, ISBN 9781315118116, retrieved 2022-04-14
  8. ^ Allaby, Michael, ed. (2019). "A Dictionary of Plant Sciences". Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/acref/9780198833338.001.0001. ISBN 978-0-19-883333-8. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
  9. ^ "NatureServe Explorer 2.0". explorer.natureserve.org. Retrieved 2022-04-18.
  10. ^ "Vascular Plants of North Carolina". auth1.dpr.ncparks.gov. Retrieved 2022-04-14.
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