Kollaa
| Kollaa Колласйоки, Kollaanjoki | |
|---|---|
 | |
 | |
| Native name | Kollasjoki (Finnish) |
| Location | |
| Country | Russia |
| Region | Republic of Karelia |
| Physical characteristics | |
| Source | Lake Kollasjärvi |
| • elevation | 117 m (384 ft) |
| Mouth | Lake Tulmozero |
• coordinates | 61°40′19″N 32°14′01″E / 61.672°N 32.2337°E |
| Length | 76 km (47 mi) |
| Basin features | |
| Progression | Lake Tulmozero→ Tulemayoki→ Lake Ladoga→ Neva→ Gulf of Finland |
The Kollaa (Russian: Колласйоки, Finnish: Kollaanjoki or Kollasjoki) is a 76-kilometre (47 mi) long river in the Republic of Karelia, Russia. It starts from Lake Kollasjärvi in the Suoyarvsky District and flows to Lake Tulmozero (Finnish: Tulemajärvi) in the Pryazhinsky District.
Before World War II, the source of the river was a part of the Finnish municipality Suistamo and it flowed further through Suojärvi to Tulemajärvi on the Russian side.
Battle
During the Winter War in 1939, the area was a scene of the Battle of Kollaa.[1] The river became part of Finnish history, as the Red Army failed to break through there. A memorable quote, "Kollaa holds" (Kollaa kestää), became a legendary motto for the Finns.[1] The river and area are associated with the exploits of the Finnish marksman Simo Häyhä, dubbed "the White Death",[2] the gunman with the highest number of confirmed kills in any major war. Captain Aarne Juutilainen, dubbed "the Terror of Morocco", was also remarkable figure in the battle.[3] The battle areas around the river are a preserved monument and tourist site.[4]
The asteroid 1929 Kollaa is named after the river.[5]
References
- ^ a b "Battles: Ladoga Karelia Area" (Film microsite). Fire and Ice: The Winter War of Finland and Russia. Indiana, United States: Metropolitan Indianapolis Public Broadcasting (WYFI). Retrieved 2010-01-19.
on December 7th [1939] elements of the Soviet 56th Division reached the area of the Kollaa River. ... the Kollaa River area was the location the Finns were forced to make their stand.
- ^ Snodgrass, Brent (2002-04-07). "Finnish sniper Simo Häyhä during the Winter War". Mosin Man's Military Surplus Firearms. Retrieved 2010-01-19.
Simo Häyhä was called into action during the Winter War with his service under the 6th Company of JR 34 on the Kollaa River.
- ^ YLE: Marokon Kauhu nousi legendaksi Kollaalla (in Finnish)
- ^ "On Both Sides of Kollaa. From the Past to the Present". Republic of Karelia: The State Centre for the Protection and Management of the Historic and Cultural Monuments of the Ministry of Culture. 2004. Archived from the original on 2011-08-22. Retrieved 2010-01-19.
- ^ "1929 Kollaa (1939 BS)". JPL Small-Body Database Browser. California, United States: NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory. Retrieved 2010-01-19.
Named for a river in Karelia, scene of violent battles during the Finnish winter war.
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