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{{Other uses}}
{{Other uses}}


In [[architecture]], a '''cupola''' {{IPAc-en|ˈ|k|juː|p|əl|ə}} is a small, most often [[dome]]-like, structure on top of a building.<ref name="ARCHSEE">{{Cite web |url=http://www.archiseek.com/guides/glossary/c.html |title=Glossary of Architectural Terms - C|accessdate=3 January 2009 |publisher=Archiseek: Online Architecture Resources}}</ref> Often used to provide a lookout or to admit light and air, it usually crowns a larger [[roof]] or dome.<ref name="AHD">{{Cite web |url=https://ahdictionary.com/word/search.html?q=cupola |title=cupola|accessdate=26 April 2015|work=The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language, Fifth Edition |publisher=Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company |year=2014}}</ref><ref name="WHATCUP">{{Cite web |url=http://www.cupola.com/whatscu1.htm |title=Just what is a cupola anyway? |accessdate=3 January 2009 |publisher=Cupola Consulting}}</ref>
In [[architecture]], a '''cupola''' {{IPAc-en|ˈ|k|juː|p|əl|ə}} is a small, most often [[dome]]-like, structure on top of a building.<ref name="ARCHSEE">{{Cite web |url=http://www.archiseek.com/guides/glossary/c.html |title=Glossary of Architectural Terms - C |accessdate=3 January 2009 |publisher=Archiseek: Online Architecture Resources |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20081227054353/http://www.archiseek.com/guides/glossary/c.html |archivedate=27 December 2008 |df= }}</ref> Often used to provide a lookout or to admit light and air, it usually crowns a larger [[roof]] or dome.<ref name="AHD">{{Cite web |url=https://ahdictionary.com/word/search.html?q=cupola |title=cupola|accessdate=26 April 2015|work=The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language, Fifth Edition |publisher=Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company |year=2014}}</ref><ref name="WHATCUP">{{Cite web |url=http://www.cupola.com/whatscu1.htm |title=Just what is a cupola anyway? |accessdate=3 January 2009 |publisher=Cupola Consulting}}</ref>


The word derives, via [[Italian language|Italian]], from the lower Latin ''cupula'' (classical Latin ''cupella'' from the Greek κύπελλον ''kupellon'') "small cup" (Latin ''cupa'') indicating a vault resembling an upside down cup.<ref>In Italian ''cupola'' simply means [[dome]], and the ornamental top element is called ''lanterna''.</ref>
The word derives, via [[Italian language|Italian]], from the lower Latin ''cupula'' (classical Latin ''cupella'' from the Greek κύπελλον ''kupellon'') "small cup" (Latin ''cupa'') indicating a vault resembling an upside down cup.<ref>In Italian ''cupola'' simply means [[dome]], and the ornamental top element is called ''lanterna''.</ref>
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<ref name="WHATCUP"/> Barns often have cupolas for ventilation.<ref name="barncupola">{{Cite web |url=https://madisonbarns.wordpress.com/2014/03/17/what-is-a-cupola-and-why-do-barns-have-them/ |title=What is a cupola and why do barns have them?|accessdate=15 November 2015}}</ref>
<ref name="WHATCUP"/> Barns often have cupolas for ventilation.<ref name="barncupola">{{Cite web |url=https://madisonbarns.wordpress.com/2014/03/17/what-is-a-cupola-and-why-do-barns-have-them/ |title=What is a cupola and why do barns have them?|accessdate=15 November 2015}}</ref>


The square, dome-like segment of a North American railroad train [[caboose]] that contains the second-level or "angel" seats is also called a cupola.<ref>{{cite web|title=Railroad Dictionary: A|url=http://www.csx.com/index.cfm/about-csx/company-overview/railroad-dictionary/?i=A|website=CSX.com|publisher=[[CSX Transportation]]|accessdate=18 September 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|first=Darcy|last=Zabel|title=The (Underground) Railroad in African American Literature|date=2005|publisher=Peter Lang|isbn=9780820468167|page=5|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=CF6de54g6MsC&pg=PA5 }}</ref>
The square, dome-like segment of a North American railroad train [[caboose]] that contains the second-level or "angel" seats is also called a cupola.<ref>{{cite web|title=Railroad Dictionary: A|url=http://www.csx.com/index.cfm/about-csx/company-overview/railroad-dictionary/?i=A|website=CSX.com|publisher=[[CSX Transportation]]|accessdate=18 September 2014|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150801232839/http://www.csx.com/index.cfm/about-csx/company-overview/railroad-dictionary/?i=A|archivedate=1 August 2015|df=}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|first=Darcy|last=Zabel|title=The (Underground) Railroad in African American Literature|date=2005|publisher=Peter Lang|isbn=9780820468167|page=5|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=CF6de54g6MsC&pg=PA5 }}</ref>


Some [[armored fighting vehicles]] have cupolas, called commander's cupola, which is a raised dome or cylinder with armored glass to provide 360-degree vision around the vehicle.<ref name=armoured>{{cite book |last=Bradford |first=George |date= |title=Axis Armored Fighting Vehicles: 1/72 Scale |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=-SQ6uIpk60AC&pg=PA98 |location= |publisher= |page= |isbn=}}</ref>
Some [[armored fighting vehicles]] have cupolas, called commander's cupola, which is a raised dome or cylinder with armored glass to provide 360-degree vision around the vehicle.<ref name=armoured>{{cite book |last=Bradford |first=George |date= |title=Axis Armored Fighting Vehicles: 1/72 Scale |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=-SQ6uIpk60AC&pg=PA98 |location= |publisher= |page= |isbn=}}</ref>

Revision as of 14:40, 15 August 2017

For other uses, see Cupola (disambiguation).

In architecture, a cupola /ˈkjuːpələ/ is a small, most often dome-like, structure on top of a building.[1] Often used to provide a lookout or to admit light and air, it usually crowns a larger roof or dome.[2][3]

The word derives, via Italian, from the lower Latin cupula (classical Latin cupella from the Greek κύπελλον kupellon) "small cup" (Latin cupa) indicating a vault resembling an upside down cup.[4]

The cupola is a development during the Renaissance of the oculus, an ancient device found in Roman architecture, but being weatherproof was superior for the wetter climates of northern Europe. [citation needed] The chhatri, seen in Indian architecture, fits the definition of a cupola when it is used atop a larger structure.[citation needed]

Cupolas often appear as small buildings in their own right. They often serve as a belfry, belvedere, or roof lantern above a main roof. In other cases they may crown a spire, tower, or turret. [3] Barns often have cupolas for ventilation.[5]

The square, dome-like segment of a North American railroad train caboose that contains the second-level or "angel" seats is also called a cupola.[6][7]

Some armored fighting vehicles have cupolas, called commander's cupola, which is a raised dome or cylinder with armored glass to provide 360-degree vision around the vehicle.[8]

  • Cupolas on the towers of Montefiascone Cathedral, Italy.
    Cupolas on the towers of Montefiascone Cathedral, Italy.
  • Interior of cupola ceiling in the old Synagogue of Győr, Hungary.
    Interior of cupola ceiling in the old Synagogue of Győr, Hungary.
  • Ribbed cupola crowns the minaret of the Mosque of Uqba, in Kairouan, Tunisia.
    Ribbed cupola crowns the minaret of the Mosque of Uqba, in Kairouan, Tunisia.
  • Inside of Armenian Orthodox church cupola in Lviv, Ukraine.
    Inside of Armenian Orthodox church cupola in Lviv, Ukraine.
  • Cupolas were also used on some old barns for ventilation.
    Cupolas were also used on some old barns for ventilation.
  • A cupola-style caboose with an "angel seat" above
    A cupola-style caboose with an "angel seat" above
  • View from the interior of Cupola module on the International Space Station.
    View from the interior of Cupola module on the International Space Station.

See also

References

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Cupolas.
  1. ^ "Glossary of Architectural Terms - C". Archiseek: Online Architecture Resources. Archived from the original on 27 December 2008. Retrieved 3 January 2009. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  2. ^ "cupola". The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language, Fifth Edition. Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company. 2014. Retrieved 26 April 2015.
  3. ^ a b "Just what is a cupola anyway?". Cupola Consulting. Retrieved 3 January 2009.
  4. ^ In Italian cupola simply means dome, and the ornamental top element is called lanterna.
  5. ^ "What is a cupola and why do barns have them?". Retrieved 15 November 2015.
  6. ^ "Railroad Dictionary: A". CSX.com. CSX Transportation. Archived from the original on 1 August 2015. Retrieved 18 September 2014. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  7. ^ Zabel, Darcy (2005). The (Underground) Railroad in African American Literature. Peter Lang. p. 5. ISBN 9780820468167.
  8. ^ Bradford, George. Axis Armored Fighting Vehicles: 1/72 Scale.
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