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== Early life ==
== Early life ==
Born Alan Baker in 1969 in [[Brixton]], [[South London]],<ref name="Askew">{{cite news |last1=Askew |first1=Joshua |title=Camberwell woman sets her sights on becoming UK's first trans-gender MP|url=https://southwarknews.co.uk/area/southwark/camberwell-woman-sets-her-sights-on-becoming-uks-first-trans-gender-mp/ |access-date=16 July 2023 |work=[[Southwark News]] |date=19 January 2022}}</ref><ref name="i">{{cite news |last1=Andersson |first1=Jasmine |last2=Baker |first2=Sarah Jane |title=I am the UK's longest-serving transgender prisoner. This is what I learned |url=https://inews.co.uk/news/uk-longest-serving-transgender-prisoner-sarah-jane-baker-369723 |access-date=14 July 2023 |work=[[i (newspaper)|i]] |date=17 December 2019 |language=en}}</ref> she was assigned male at birth. Baker grew up in [[Camberwell]], South London, in a poor family, where her father had numerous partners; she was one of 14 children.<ref name="Askew" /><ref name="i" /> She alternated between living with her family and [[foster care]].<ref name=Reuters/> She says she felt she was [[gender dysphoria|a woman trapped in a male body]],<ref name=Reuters/> and was regularly afraid of being battered on the streets due to being "a little [[tranny]] with a violin".<ref name=Askew/>
Baker was born in 1969 in [[Brixton]], [[South London]],<ref name="Askew">{{cite news |last1=Askew |first1=Joshua |title=Camberwell woman sets her sights on becoming UK's first trans-gender MP|url=https://southwarknews.co.uk/area/southwark/camberwell-woman-sets-her-sights-on-becoming-uks-first-trans-gender-mp/ |access-date=16 July 2023 |work=[[Southwark News]] |date=19 January 2022}}</ref><ref name="i">{{cite news |last1=Andersson |first1=Jasmine |last2=Baker |first2=Sarah Jane |title=I am the UK's longest-serving transgender prisoner. This is what I learned |url=https://inews.co.uk/news/uk-longest-serving-transgender-prisoner-sarah-jane-baker-369723 |access-date=14 July 2023 |work=[[i (newspaper)|i]] |date=17 December 2019 |language=en}}</ref> she was assigned male at birth. Baker grew up in [[Camberwell]], South London, in a poor family, where her father had numerous partners; she was one of 14 children.<ref name="Askew" /><ref name="i" /> She alternated between living with her family and [[foster care]].<ref name=Reuters/> She says she felt she was [[gender dysphoria|a woman trapped in a male body]],<ref name=Reuters/> and was regularly afraid of being battered on the streets due to being "a little [[tranny]] with a violin".<ref name=Askew/>


In 1987, Baker's father [[remarried]] and in 1988 moved to [[Folkestone]], [[Kent]]. The Baker children were often not welcome at their father's new home, and [[homelessness in England|lived rough]] on the streets in London.<ref name="Folkestone Herald">{{cite news |title=Terror at the hands of sadists |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/folkestone-herald-alan-sarah-jane-bake/128310573/ |access-date=17 July 2023 |work=[[Folkestone Herald]] |date=15 September 1989 |page=5}}</ref> In March 1989, Baker's father asked his children to trace their stepmother who had left home. Baker, aged 20, her 18 year old brother, and two teenage male associates went to the stepmother's family residence in [[Thornton Heath]], South London, where they found her brother. They broke in, armed with knives, kidnapped the stepuncle in a stolen van, and tortured him until he was released by police after almost 24 hours.<!-- Why was trying to find the stepmother quickly replaced with severely attacking her brother? --><ref name="Folkestone Herald"/> In September 1989, Baker and her brother were sentenced to seven years imprisonment in a [[His Majesty's Young Offender Institution|young offender institution]], with their accomplices receiving six years youth custody.<ref name="Folkestone Herald"/>
In 1987, Baker's father [[remarried]] and in 1988 moved to [[Folkestone]], [[Kent]]. The Baker children were often not welcome at their father's new home, and [[homelessness in England|lived rough]] on the streets in London.<ref name="Folkestone Herald">{{cite news |title=Terror at the hands of sadists |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/folkestone-herald-alan-sarah-jane-bake/128310573/ |access-date=17 July 2023 |work=[[Folkestone Herald]] |date=15 September 1989 |page=5}}</ref> In March 1989, Baker's father asked his children to trace their stepmother who had left home. Baker, aged 20, her 18 year old brother, and two teenage male associates went to the stepmother's family residence in [[Thornton Heath]], South London, where they found her brother. They broke in, armed with knives, kidnapped the stepuncle in a stolen van, and tortured him until he was released by police after almost 24 hours.<!-- Why was trying to find the stepmother quickly replaced with severely attacking her brother? --><ref name="Folkestone Herald"/> In September 1989, Baker and her brother were sentenced to seven years imprisonment in a [[His Majesty's Young Offender Institution|young offender institution]], with their accomplices receiving six years youth custody.<ref name="Folkestone Herald"/>

Revision as of 21:48, 13 November 2023

Sarah Jane Baker
Baker interviewed in 2020
Born1969 (age 54–55)
Brixton, South London, United Kingdom
OccupationTransgender rights activist
Known forUK's longest serving transgender prisoner
Notable work
  • Life Imprisonment : An Unofficial Guide
  • Transgender Behind Prison Walls
Websitesarah-jane-baker.com

Sarah Jane Baker (born 1969) is a British convicted criminal, prison inmate, transgender rights activist, author and artist. She was the UK's longest serving transgender prisoner at the time of her release.[1]

Baker was assigned male at birth and went by a male identity for the first 44 years of her life. She grew up in London in an unusually large family, neglected by her parents. She was imprisoned, initially for seven years as a young offender for kidnapping and torturing her stepmother's brother, which was extended to a life sentence for the attempted murder of another inmate[2] she said had repeatedly attacked her,[3] and the rape of another.[4] She escaped for three months, during which time she met and impregnated a woman who later gave birth to their son.[5]

Baker says she learned to read and write in prison; there she published two books and contributed to a third, and created artwork that was exhibited after her release. She served 30 years in 29 different male prisons, during which time she came out as a trans woman in 2013, and cut off her own testicles with a razor blade in 2017.[1] After her release in 2019, Baker became an outspoken transgender rights activist and announced her intention to stand as a political candidate.

Early life

Baker was born in 1969 in Brixton, South London,[6][2] she was assigned male at birth. Baker grew up in Camberwell, South London, in a poor family, where her father had numerous partners; she was one of 14 children.[6][2] She alternated between living with her family and foster care.[1] She says she felt she was a woman trapped in a male body,[1] and was regularly afraid of being battered on the streets due to being "a little tranny with a violin".[6]

In 1987, Baker's father remarried and in 1988 moved to Folkestone, Kent. The Baker children were often not welcome at their father's new home, and lived rough on the streets in London.[7] In March 1989, Baker's father asked his children to trace their stepmother who had left home. Baker, aged 20, her 18 year old brother, and two teenage male associates went to the stepmother's family residence in Thornton Heath, South London, where they found her brother. They broke in, armed with knives, kidnapped the stepuncle in a stolen van, and tortured him until he was released by police after almost 24 hours.[7] In September 1989, Baker and her brother were sentenced to seven years imprisonment in a young offender institution, with their accomplices receiving six years youth custody.[7]

Imprisonment

The first of what would eventually become 29 different male prisons over 30 years for Baker was Feltham Young Offenders Institution.[2]

On 12 December 1989, while Baker was being held at HM Prison Swinfen Hall young offender institution in Staffordshire, she tried to kill a fellow inmate,[8] an alleged child rapist who Baker said had bullied her, attacking her three times previously.[5][3] She was sentenced to life imprisonment for the attempted murder,[9] and was transferred to Winson Green Prison in Birmingham.[4] Two weeks after the prison move, Baker discovered that her new cellmate was a multiple rapist. She raped him, admitted to the crime, for which she was sentenced to another six years imprisonment, to run concurrently with her life sentence.[4]

In 1994, Baker's 17-year-old brother was killed while walking home from college. In 2008, Baker wrote that she forgave her brother's killer, since he was also a victim.[10][11]

In 1996, Baker began making art in prison; she could not get pencils because she had self harmed, but she paid for a cross stitch kit.[2]

In 2007, Baker was being held in HM Prison Leyhill, an open prison in Gloucestershire, where inmates had minimal supervision. On 7 April, she and another inmate who had been convicted of murder escaped.[12] Baker's fellow fugitive was recaptured less than two weeks later,[13] but Baker herself remained at large for about 100 days. During this period of freedom, she met and impregnated a woman who later gave birth to Baker's son.[5]

In September 2009, now in HM Prison Elmley in Kent, Baker wrote an article in Inside Time in which she said she loved prison. She called herself a "professional prisoner", and said that she had so much freedom from responsibility that she never wanted to be freed or paroled.[14][11]

A pen pal who befriended Baker in prison tracked down Baker's mother, who then visited Baker in prison regularly until her death in June 2013.[5]

Baker spent part of her sentence in HM Prison Full Sutton in East Riding of Yorkshire, during the time serial killer Dennis Nilsen was imprisoned there (2003-2018). She writes that they played violin and piano duets, and the board game Scrabble, which she says Nilsen cheated at.[15][16][17]

Books

Baker says that she learned to read and write in prison.[1] While imprisoned, she wrote poems and short stories, published two books, and contributed a section to a third.

On 8 July 2013, writing as Alan Baker, she published Life Imprisonment : An Unofficial Guide. It was intended to be read by prisoners newly sentenced to life imprisonment, and comprised 41 segments explaining their journey. In a long Acknowledgments section Baker "most of all" thanks her son, siblings, and mother, and a To My Victims section includes a long acknowledgement of guilt and apology judged sincere by a reviewer.[18][19] The foreword was written by Tim Newell, former governor of HM Prison Grendon. It won the Koestler Trust Silver Award, and was reviewed by academic journals about prison studies.[20][19]

Baker's second book, Transgender Behind Prison Walls, in March 2017, writing as Sarah Baker, drew even more notice. It was written with the help of Baker's pen pal Pam Stockwell, who also wrote the foreword.[5] It was published after Baker's public gender transition, and described being a transgender woman in a male prison.[21][22][23][24] It includes how, in early 2017, Baker grew so desperate to transition that she cut off her own testicles with a razor blade.[21][9] A review called it a supportive guide written with a generous kindness and well thought out suggestions.[25]

Baker also contributed a chapter on the bureaucracy of gender transition in prison to Prison: A Survival Guide, in 2019 by Carl Cattermole.[26] A collection of poems and short stories that Baker wrote during her incarceration was independently published as Borstal to Bedlam: Poetry & Prose from the Gutter to the Grave in mid 2023, in support of her during her re-incarceration and prosecution at that time.[27]

Gender transition

Baker began her formal gender transition soon after publishing her first book in 2013, asking to be called Sarah.[5] She continued to spend her sentence imprisoned in male jails. She says that after coming out as transgender she was stabbed and raped by other inmates.[1] Almost immediately after Baker's first book came out, in August 2013, the Daily Mail and the Daily Mirror, both popular British tabloids, falsely reported that she had gender-affirming surgery paid for by the National Health Service at taxpayer expense.[28][21] Instead, Baker says she was told she was not gender dysphoric and that she would first need to live two years as a woman outside prison.[21] She was allowed makeup but not regular estrogen for feminizing hormone therapy until she cut off her own testicles with a razor blade in 2017.[1]

In July 2019, Baker was the longest serving of approximately 140 "out", or publicly revealed, transgender prisoners in England and Wales.[3] 42 of these were in women's prisons, but not Baker, who was in a Vulnerable Prisoners Unit at HM Prison Lewes.[3] The expressed stance of the Prison Officers' Association was that some inmates were genuinely gender dysphoric, others were "looking at it as a soft option for prison life".[29] Baker wrote "if constant bullying, comments, sexual harassment and isolation are your idea of a soft option then I'd suggest you haven't really thought things through."[3] When asked if she would have preferred a women's prison, Baker denied it, saying she liked sex with men, which she would never get there.[3] After release, she wrote an article for Vice magazine about her experiences of love and sex as a transgender woman in male prison.[30]

After release

Baker was released on parole from prison in September 2019.[1][9][31] Initially she lived in a bedsit, supporting herself by street performance on her violin and selling posters of her embroidery online.[3] In February 2020, her cross-stitching was exhibited at the Brighton Museum & Art Gallery's "Queer the Pier" exhibit dedicated to queer history.[32][33] In 2022 her art appeared in an article in Architectural Review.[34]

By 2020, Baker set up an advocacy group called The Transprisoner Alliance to deliver support like letters and cosmetics to transgender prisoners.[1][9] In 2021 she announced plans to contest the Richmond Park Parliament constituency on a platform of prison reform and opposing gentrification.[6][35] She received Universal Credit, a supplement for low income, and attended many protests, including some to support her partner, a National Health Service nurse and Unite the Union representative.[35]

Baker became increasingly known for outspoken transgender rights activism. In May 2021, she was featured in a short documentary video titled Be Trans, Do Crime.[36] She carried a sign with that text, and another reading "Kill JK Rowling" (referring to the author's controversial views on transgender issues) to the June 2021 London Trans+ Pride parade.[37] In January 2023, Baker criticized Prime Minister Rishi Sunak's blocking of the Gender Recognition Reform (Scotland) Bill.[17] She led a protest at the inaugural event of gender critical feminist and philosopher Kathleen Stock's The Lesbian Project.[38]

Reimprisonment

At 8 July 2023 London Trans+ Pride Parade, Baker gave a speech to the crowd where she said "if you see a TERF, punch them in the fucking face", a statement that was videotaped and widely distributed.[39] (The word "TERF" is an acronym for 'trans-exclusionary radical feminist', but more generally is a derogatory term for someone who is or is considered to be hostile to transgender people.)[40] Asked for their reaction, London Trans+ Pride organizers said that, "We do not condone violence...We do condone righteous anger and the right to the free speech".[39] Baker's speech was reported to Metropolitan Police, who initially stated that the call to violence was hypothetical, but after investigating arrested her on 12 July for incitement to violence.[41][42] According to the terms of her parole, she was recalled to prison pending her trial,[31] specifically to HMP Wandsworth, a men's prison.[43] Supporters, led by Baker's partner, launched a "Free Sarah Jane Baker" campaign online in July,[31][44] and protested outside Westminster Magistrates Court in August.[45] On 31 August 2023, she was found not guilty by magistrate Tan Ikram, after she said that she was just trying to get on the front page of the Daily Mail, and wished she could take her words back.[46][47] As of 21 October 2023, she was still imprisoned, now at HM Prison Isle of Wight, and continued to be supported by protesters from the "Free Sarah Jane Baker" campaign.[48]

Bibliography

  • Life Imprisonment : An Unofficial Guide, writing as Alan Baker, 8 July 2013, Waterside Press, ISBN 978-1-904380-93-1[20]
  • Transgender Behind Prison Walls, writing as Sarah Baker, Waterside Press, 15 March 2017, Waterside Press, ISBN 978-1909976450[21]
  • Prison: A Survival Guide, chapter on the bureaucracy of gender transition in prison, Carl Cattermole, 20 June 2019, Penguin Books, ISBN 978-1529103496.[26]
  • Borstal to Bedlam: Poetry & Prose from the Gutter to the Grave, mid 2023, AKA Press[27]

References

  1. ^ a b c d e f g h i Finn, Tom; O'Brian, Cormac (11 March 2020). "With letters and lipstick, a transgender prisoner helps those left inside". Reuters. Retrieved 16 July 2023. Also available as Finn, Tom; O'Brian, Cormac (11 March 2020). "With letters and lipstick, a transgender prisoner helps those left inside". OPENLY. Retrieved 16 July 2023.
  2. ^ a b c d e Andersson, Jasmine; Baker, Sarah Jane (17 December 2019). "I am the UK's longest-serving transgender prisoner. This is what I learned". i. Retrieved 14 July 2023.
  3. ^ a b c d e f g Abraham, Amelia (6 November 2019). "What it's like to be trans in the UK prison system". Dazed. Retrieved 16 July 2023.
  4. ^ a b c "Lifer raped sex fiend". Birmingham Evening Mail. 25 September 1992. p. 18. Retrieved 17 July 2023.
  5. ^ a b c d e f Keate, Georgie (4 August 2013). "South Croydon woman talks about her close relationship with life prisoner who wants to have a sex change". Croydon Advertiser. Archived from the original on 24 August 2013. Retrieved 17 July 2023.
  6. ^ a b c d Askew, Joshua (19 January 2022). "Camberwell woman sets her sights on becoming UK's first trans-gender MP". Southwark News. Retrieved 16 July 2023.
  7. ^ a b c "Terror at the hands of sadists". Folkestone Herald. 15 September 1989. p. 5. Retrieved 17 July 2023.
  8. ^ "Trial". Lichfield and Rugeley Chase Post. 26 July 1990. p. 11. Retrieved 17 July 2023.
  9. ^ a b c d Wakefield, Lily (12 March 2020). "Britain's longest-serving trans prisoner is now helping trans people locked up in the wrong prisons". PinkNews. Retrieved 16 July 2023.
  10. ^ Baker, Alan (January 2008). "Dropping the masks". Inside Time. p. 4.
  11. ^ a b "Prisoner boasts that he never wants to be freed". The Telegraph. 6 September 2009. Retrieved 17 July 2023.
  12. ^ "Two men abscond from open prison". BBC News. 13 April 2007. Retrieved 17 July 2023.
  13. ^ "Absconder from prison re-arrested". BBC News. 19 April 2007. Retrieved 17 July 2023.
  14. ^ Baker, Allan (September 2009). "Home sweet home". Inside Time. p. 7.
  15. ^ Baker, Sarah Jane (27 September 2018). "Dennis Nilsen: In memory of a Scrabble cheat". Inside Time. Retrieved 16 July 2023.
  16. ^ "HMP Full Sutton: Evil Behind Bars". Channel 5. 30 November 2022. p. Circa 31:00, and 56:00. Retrieved 11 September 2023.
  17. ^ a b Ramirez, Isabel (17 January 2023). "Camberwell trans woman condemns PM's decision to block Scottish bill over safety concerns - Southwark News". Southwark News. Retrieved 16 July 2023.
  18. ^ Baker, Alan (July 2013). Life Imprisonment: An Unofficial Guide. Waterside Press. ISBN 978-1-904380-93-1.
  19. ^ a b Crossey, Paul (January 2014). "Book Review: Life Imprisonment: An Unofficial Guide" (PDF). Prison Service Journal (211): 52. ISSN 0300-3558. Retrieved 17 July 2023.
  20. ^ a b Booth, Samantha (September 2014). "Book review: Life Imprisonment: An Unofficial Guide". Probation Journal. 61 (3): 300–301. doi:10.1177/0264550514545462a. ISSN 0264-5505. S2CID 147501658.
  21. ^ a b c d e Harris, Mia (17 May 2017). "An insider's guide to being transgender in prison". The Independent. Retrieved 16 July 2023. Also available as Harris, Mia (17 May 2017). "An insider's guide to being transgender in prison". The Conversation. Retrieved 16 July 2023.
  22. ^ Harrison, Karen (September 2017). "Book Review: Transgender. Behind Prison Walls" (PDF). Prison Service Journal (233): 43. ISSN 0300-3558. Retrieved 16 July 2023.
  23. ^ Wylie, Laura (September 2017). "Book review: Transgender Behind Prison Walls". Probation Journal. 64 (3): 293–294. doi:10.1177/0264550517724040b. ISSN 0264-5505. S2CID 148628479. Retrieved 16 July 2023.
  24. ^ Barstow, Clare (27 February 2018). "Book Review – Transgender Behind Prison Walls". Inside Time. Retrieved 16 July 2023.
  25. ^ Page, Eric (29 November 2019). "REVIEW: Transgender behind Prison Walls by Sarah Jane Baker". GScene Magazine. Retrieved 16 July 2023.
  26. ^ a b Cain, Sian (19 June 2019). "How to make salad dressing in prison: the hit survival guide written by an inmate". The Guardian. Retrieved 16 July 2023.
  27. ^ a b "BORSTAL TO BEDLAM: POETRY & PROSE FROM THE GUTTER TO THE GRAVE by Sarah Jane Baker". Good Press. Retrieved 25 October 2023.
  28. ^ Rossington, Ben (2 August 2013). "Violent convict in sex change operation on NHS that will cost taxpayer £10,000". Daily Mirror. Retrieved 29 July 2023.
  29. ^ Chhibber, Ashley (28 July 2014). "UK: Prison officials concerned inmates may be identifying as transgender for 'a soft life'". PinkNews. Retrieved 7 September 2023.
  30. ^ Baker, Sarah Jane; Parszeniew, Marta (4 February 2020). "What Prison Taught Me About Love and Sex". Vice. Retrieved 16 July 2023.
  31. ^ a b c Hansford, Amelia (31 August 2023). "Sarah Jane Baker supporters blame 'political games' for arrest as trial begins". PinkNews. Retrieved 8 September 2023.
  32. ^ "Instagram". Queer the Pier. 18 February 2020. Retrieved 7 September 2023.
  33. ^ "Queer The Pier". Gaydio. March 2020. Retrieved 16 July 2023.
  34. ^ Tellisi, Bushra (29 March 2022). "Outrage: trans incarceration". Architectural Review. Retrieved 7 September 2023.
  35. ^ a b Allingham, Pol (12 April 2021). "UK's longest-serving transgender prisoner to run for Richmond Park MP". South West Londoner. Retrieved 16 July 2023.
  36. ^ Konarska, Julia (25 May 2021). "Be Trans, Do Crime - short documentary". YouTube. Retrieved 16 July 2023.
  37. ^ Martin, Daniel (19 January 2023). "Labour's Lisa Nandy suggests 13-year-olds should be 'taken seriously' if they want to change gender". The Telegraph. Retrieved 16 July 2023. Also available as Martin, Daniel (19 January 2023). "Labour's Lisa Nandy suggests 13-year-olds should be 'taken seriously' if they want to change gender". The Telegraph. MSN. Retrieved 16 July 2023.
  38. ^ Turner, Janice (31 May 2023). "We hid in a broom cupboard: my mad day at Oxford with Kathleen Stock". The Times. Retrieved 17 July 2023.
  39. ^ a b Perry, Sophie (11 July 2023). "London Trans+ Pride addresses 'punch TERFs' speech and right-wing backlash". PinkNews. Retrieved 16 July 2023.
  40. ^ . OED https://www.oed.com/dictionary/terf_n. Retrieved 24 October 2023. {{cite web}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)
  41. ^ Montgomery, Sam (13 July 2023). "Trans activist arrested after telling rally of supporters to 'punch' feminists". GB News. MSN. Retrieved 14 July 2023.
  42. ^ Hansford, Amelia (13 July 2023). "Woman arrested over 'punch TERFs' speech at London Trans+ Pride". PinkNews. Retrieved 16 July 2023.
  43. ^ Kirk, Tristan (17 August 2023). "Trans activist Sarah Jane Baker faces second criminal charge over Pride rally speech". Evening Standard. Retrieved 8 September 2023.
  44. ^ "Free Sarah Jane Baker". Facebook. 20 July 2023. Retrieved 8 September 2023.
  45. ^ Billson, Chantelle (17 August 2023). "Sarah Jane Baker: Protest held for 'political prisoner' held in men's jail". PinkNews. Retrieved 8 September 2023.
  46. ^ Reynolds, Jordan (31 August 2023). "Sarah Jane Baker: Trans activist cleared of inciting violence". BBC News. Press Association. Retrieved 8 September 2023.
  47. ^ Reynolds, Jordan (31 August 2023). "Activist who told crowd 'punch a terf' found not guilty of encouraging assault". Evening Standard. Retrieved 8 September 2023.
  48. ^ Couldrey, David (23 October 2023). "DEMONSTRATORS PROTEST OUTSIDE PRISON IN SUPPORT OF TRANS ACTIVIST SARAH JANE BAKER". Island Echo. Retrieved 25 October 2023.
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